JPS62129487A - Opening and closing drive apparatus of opening and closing panel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to an opening/closing drive device for opening/closing plates, and more specifically, for automatically opening opening/closing plates pivotally supported by a pair of openings in response to a change in ambient temperature. and a device configured to be closed.

Conventional Technology For example, in buildings that define a limited closed space, such as a telephone booth or a greenhouse, the internal temperature rises significantly in the summer, causing discomfort to users and being unfavorable for the growth of flowers and vegetables. affect.

Therefore, in such cases, open windows and other doors installed on the walls of buildings, etc. to allow outside air to circulate (ventilate).
It is necessary to adjust the temperature by However, conventionally, users of the building would periodically go around and manually open windows, etc. at their own discretion, or detect temperature rises with temperature sensors and energize drive means such as motors. Doors, etc. were opened and closed using an automatic opening/closing mechanism.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention When windows, etc. are opened and closed manually as described above, it is necessary to have a guard patrol the windows periodically, which has the disadvantage of increasing personnel costs. In addition, installing an automatic opening/closing mechanism has the disadvantage of requiring a large amount of equipment and running costs, so it is possible to maintain a constant temperature condition in a building that is not permanently staffed without using costly automated means. The reality is that it is difficult to automatically ventilate and adjust the temperature by opening windows, etc. when the temperature reaches that temperature.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention was proposed in order to suitably solve the problems inherent in the prior art described above. The object of the present invention is to use a shape memory alloy as an actuator, and operate the actuator according to an increase or change in ambient temperature to automatically open/close a window or the like.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to suitably achieve the above object, the opening/closing drive device for the opening/closing plate according to the present invention has a pair of openings in a wall component of a building, etc. The opening/closing plates are pivoted to open and close freely, the pair of opening/closing plates are connected by an actuator made of a shape memory alloy, and when the ambient temperature reaches a predetermined value, the actuator is activated to drive both opening/closing plates. It is characterized by being configured to do so.

The outline of the shape memory alloy, which forms the main part of the present invention, will be briefly explained. Shape memory alloy is one of the new functional materials that has been developed relatively recently.For example, after giving a desired shape to an alloy of nickel and titanium, the shape memory alloy can be used at a temperature higher than the austenite transformation end temperature (Af humidity temperature or higher). By performing shape memory treatment by heating, the shape given before the heat treatment is memorized in terms of metallographic structure.

Due to this unique property, even if it is deformed within a predetermined stress range, it will instantly recover to its original shape by simply heating it to a temperature slightly higher than the temperature at which it was deformed.

This unique property of remembering the original shape can be applied to, for example, seal joints of hydraulic pipes in aircraft.Next, a preferred embodiment of the opening/closing drive device for an opening/closing plate according to the present invention will be described, and the accompanying drawings will be described. This will be explained below with reference to. 1 to 3 show an embodiment in which the device of the present invention is suitably used in a telephone box. That is, since a telephone booth is a finite space partitioned into a box shape, when exposed to direct sunlight during the summer, the temperature inside the booth rises extremely, similar to a greenhouse. Therefore, we created a pair of openings in the telephone booth, and the opening/closing plates such as window panels installed in each opening are automatically opened when the temperature rises above a predetermined value, and when the temperature falls below a predetermined value, According to the present invention, the structure is configured so as to be closed in a specific manner.

In the illustrated telephone booth 10, opposing side walls 10
Rectangular openings 12 are provided above a and 10a, respectively. This opening 12 functions as a ventilation hole for taking in outside air, and as shown in FIG. is pivoted so that it can be opened outward. That is, pins 16 extending in the horizontal direction are protruded near the upper side of both ends of the opening/closing plate 14, and the opening/closing plate 14 is suspended in the opening 12 with the pins 16 serving as horizontal rotation axes. The opening 12 is supported and always due to its own weight.
(Figure 2).

An actuator 18 made of a shape memory alloy, which is a functional material, is connected to the pair of opening/closing plates 14 facing each other.
．． Above the 14 support pins 16, they are connected to each other via connecting members 20 made of iron or wire. This actuator 18 is formed by winding a wire rod made of the shape memory alloy into a cylindrical coil shape, and undergoes shape memory treatment while compressing the coil in the axial direction.

That is, as mentioned above, the austenite transformation end temperature (A
If you apply shape memory treatment to heat above the humidity temperature,
For example, when the ambient temperature is below 40'C, it loses its rigidity and becomes flexible, but when the ambient temperature reaches 40'C, it recovers to its already memorized compressed shape and regains its rigidity. There is.

This coil-shaped actuator 18 is designed to prevent the actuator from loosening and to guide smooth expansion and contraction in the axial direction.
It is inserted into a large-diameter support tube 22 that is horizontally supported inside. In this embodiment, the actuator 18 is subjected to shape memory treatment in a compressed state, and when it reaches a predetermined transformation temperature, it contracts and exerts a tensile force. Therefore, both ends of the actuator 18 are attached above the shaft pin 16 of each opening/closing plate 14.

In the apparatus according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the opening/closing plate 14 operates as follows. When the temperature inside the telephone booth 10 is at room temperature, the opening/closing plates 14 provided at each opening 12 open as shown in FIG.

The opening 12 is closed by hanging down due to its own weight using the shaft pin 16 as a fulcrum. In other words, the actuator 18 made of a shape memory alloy loses its rigidity and becomes flexible because the ambient temperature has not reached the transformation temperature. Therefore, the actuator 18 is moved to the support cylinder 22 by the rotating force of its own weight around the shaft pin 16 of the opening/closing plate 14.
This allows the opening 12 to be opened by the drooping of the opening/closing plate 14 connected to both ends of the opening/closing plate 14 under its own weight.

However, during the summer, for example, when the sunlight becomes stronger during the day and the outside temperature gradually rises, telephone booth 1
The ambient temperature within 0 is significantly higher than the outside temperature. When this ambient temperature reaches the operating transformation temperature (for example, 40° C.) specific to the actuator 18, the relaxed actuator 18 instantly recovers the compressed shape it had memorized and contracts in the axial direction. As a result of pulling the connecting member 20, the one-car opening/closing plate 14, 14 is urged to rotate.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the opening/closing plate 14 in each opening 12 automatically opens outward, and the box
Create a ventilation passage inside.

Then, when the sunlight weakens and the ambient temperature drops, the actuator 18 transitions from a rigid compressed state to a flexible relaxed state. Therefore, the outward rotational force due to the weight of each opening/closing plate 14 becomes dominant, and the actuator 18
is extended as shown in FIG. 2, and the opening 12 is automatically opened.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the previously described embodiment, in which an axial slit 24 is opened at the center of the upper part of the support cylinder 22 housing the actuator 18, and the actuator is inserted into the slit 24 in the axial direction. The rondo 26 that supports the central part of the 18 is facing. This iron 26 is fixed to the slider 28 at its upper end, and is attached to the top plate 1 of the box 10.
The slider 28 is slidably inserted into and supported by a guide rod 32 horizontally disposed at 0a via a pair of regulating pieces 30, 30. In this case, the left and right sliding distance of the slider 28 is regulated by the pair of regulating pieces 30, 30.

With this configuration, even if one of the opening/closing plates 14 is forced to be half open due to the influence of wind or the like, the other opening/closing plate 14 will open by that amount, so that the overall opening area will not change. Automatically adjusted. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the central portion of the actuator 18 is always attached to the guide shaft 3 together with the slider 28.
It is located in the center of 2 and allows the 1-car opening/closing plate 14 to be opened evenly. However, when the actuator 18 reaches the transformation temperature and starts the opening operation, for example, if the left opening/closing plate 14 encounters resistance due to external wind, as shown in FIG. 5(c).
As shown in , the opening is suppressed by an angle α, resulting in a half-open state. At this time, since the actuator 18 has already recovered its rigidity, its central portion slides to the left along the guide bar 32 together with the slider 28, and as a result, the right opening/closing plate 14 is moved further counterclockwise by an angle α. Rotate to.

In the end, even if the left side opening/closing plate 14 cannot be fully opened due to the influence of the wind, the right opening/closing plate 14 is automatically compensated to further open by the angle by which opening is suppressed, which is necessary for ventilation. A large open area will be secured.

Note that FIGS. 8 and 9 show a click stop mechanism provided for the purpose of stably maintaining the opening degree of the opening/closing plate 14 in each opening 12 step by step. For example, a circular member 34 is coaxially fixed to the base of the shaft pin 16 of the opening/closing plate 14,
Balls 36 are elastically supported on the end face of this circular member 34 at predetermined intervals so as to be able to float up and down. Further, the bearing 38 on the side of the opening 12 through which the shaft pin 16 is inserted is provided with a hemispherical recess 40 into which the ball 36 can be removably inserted.

Therefore, when the opening/closing plate 14 is opened under the action of the actuator 18, the balls 36 are fitted into the hemispherical recess 40 in a stepwise manner, and the opening/closing plate 14 is inserted into the opening 12.
4 stably supported. However, the suppressing elasticity of the ball 36 against the hemispherical recess 40 occurs when the actuator 18 loses its rigidity and relaxes due to a drop in ambient temperature.

The setting is made to allow the opening/closing plate 14 to rotate back in the opening direction due to its own weight.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which the coiled actuator 18 is stored in an extended state. Therefore, even if the actuator 18 is relaxed and, for example, in a compressed state before the transformation temperature has been reached, when the transformation temperature is reached, the actuator 18 recovers its memory of being in an extended state and stretches outward in the axial direction at once. It is something. In this embodiment, the actuator 18 and each opening/closing plate 14 are connected by a connecting member 20 such as a rigid rod, and the connecting position is as shown in FIG.
It is set lower.

In this embodiment, when the ambient temperature has not reached the transformation temperature as shown in FIG. are doing. Then, the actuator 18 is pressed inward in the axial direction from the surface side by the connecting member 20.
is in a compressed state. Then, when the temperature inside the box rises to the transformation temperature, the actuator 18 regains its memory of the extended state and - at once, extends in the axial direction.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the actuator 18 presses each opening/closing plate 14 via the rod 20 and rotates it outward to open the opening 12.

In the embodiments described above, the axis of rotation of each opening/closing plate 14 in the opening 12 was horizontal, but as shown in FIG. 10, the axis of rotation may be vertical. . However, in this case, since the weight of the opening/closing plate 14 cannot be used as the force for closing the opening/closing plate 14, a return twist is used to constantly bias the opening/closing plate 14 in the opening direction with respect to the opening 12 as shown in the figure. A spring 42 or balance weight (not shown) must be used.

11 to 13 show still another embodiment. That is, in the above-mentioned embodiment using the telephone booth 10, the pair of openings 12°12 were opened in the opposing wall surfaces 10a and 10a, respectively, but the openings 12.degree. Alternatively, a pair of openings may be opened at a predetermined distance, and the opening/closing plate may be pivotally supported in these openings.

For example, in FIG. 11(,), openings 12.
An opening/closing plate 14 is pivotally supported on each of the opening/closing plates 1.4, 12 with its rotation axis horizontal, and the actuator 18 whose shape is memorized in a compressed state is connected to appropriate portions of both opening/closing plates 1.4, 14. In this case, although the opening direction of the upper and lower opening/closing plates 14 is reversed, there is an advantage that the plates can be automatically closed by their own weight without using a separate return torsion spring.

On the other hand, in FIG. 12, a return torsion spring 42 is inserted into the upper opening/closing door 14, and at this time, the upper and lower opening/closing plates 14, 14 open in the same direction. Furthermore, the first
3, contrary to the example in FIG. 12, the actuator 18 whose shape in the extended state is memorized is used to drive open/close plates 14 and 14 located above and below in the same direction. It is something.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the opening/closing drive device for the opening/closing plate according to the present invention, when the ambient temperature rises above a predetermined value.

By restoring the shape that the actuator had already memorized, the pair of opening/closing plates are synchronously biased in the opening direction.
The opening can be opened automatically. Furthermore, since there is no need to use an opening/closing mechanism that requires manpower or expensive equipment, it can be implemented at low cost. In the embodiment, an example has been described in which an actuator made of a shape memory alloy is used to drive an opening/closing plate to open an opening, but the present invention is not limited to this, and when a predetermined temperature value is reached, Of course, it can also be used as a mechanism for automatically closing an opening/closing plate that has been open until now.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a preferred embodiment of the opening/closing drive device for an opening/closing plate according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the state of the device shown in FIG. 1 before operation, and FIG. The figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing the state of the device shown in FIG. 1 after operation, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS.
c) is an explanatory diagram showing step-by-step how when one opening/closing plate becomes half-open due to the influence of wind, the other opening/closing plate opens in a compensatory manner by that amount, and FIG. 6 shows another embodiment. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the state of the device shown in FIG. 6 before operation, and FIG. 8 is a click stop mechanism that can be suitably used in the present invention. 9 is a side view of the click stop mechanism shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 11(a) and 11(b) ) are longitudinal sectional views showing respective states before and after operation of another embodiment of the present invention,
FIGS. 12 and 13 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing still further embodiments of the present invention. 10...Telephone booth 10a...Side wall 12...
- Opening 14... Opening/closing plate 16... Axis pin 18... Actuator 20... Connection member 22... Support tube FIG, 2 FIG, 3 FIG, 4 FIG, 6 FIo, 7 FIG, 11

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A pair of openings is opened in the wall structure of a building, etc., an opening/closing plate is pivotally supported in each opening so that it can be opened and closed, and the pair of opening/closing plates are connected by an actuator made of a shape memory alloy. An opening/closing drive device for an opening/closing plate, characterized in that the actuator is activated to drive both opening/closing plates when the ambient temperature reaches a predetermined value. (2) The opening/closing drive device for an opening/closing plate according to claim 1, wherein the openings are respectively opened correspondingly to a pair of wall surface components arranged opposite to each other. (3) The opening/closing drive device for an opening/closing plate according to claim 1, wherein the openings are formed in pairs in a vertical or horizontal relationship in a single wall component.