JPS604588A - Horizontal chamber coke oven and method for controlling heating of said oven - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the heating of the titled oven in high efficiency, by collecting a carbonization chamber, two rows of the heating and combustion chambers placed to both sides of the carbonization chamber, and 4 rows of the regeneration chambers placed below the carbonization chamber and divided into small sections with brick partition walls, to one block, and controlling the combustion air, etc. of each block independently. CONSTITUTION:In a horizontal chamber coke oven, plural regeneration chambers R1-Rn are placed below the adjacent carbonization chambers C1-Cn and the heating and combustion chambers F1-Fn, and each of the regeneration chambers R1-Rn is divided into two sections at the center with a brick partition wall along the center axis of the oven group. The regeneration chamber is further divided at the center with a brick column wall 7 along the length of the carbonization chamber. The carbonization chamber 1, two rows of combustion chambers positioned to both sides of said carbonization chamber, and 4 rows of the regeneration chambers positioned below the carbonization chamber and divided into small sections with the partition wall 5 are collected to one block, and the control of the heating of the coke oven is carried out by controlling the heating gas, the combustion air and the waste gas of each block independently.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a coke oven and its heating control. Most of the coke industry, which produces coke by carbonizing coal, uses batch-type coke ovens. There are many types such as the DKH type and Karl Steel type, and their production scale (furnace 1, furnace cylinder, furnace length, installation numerical value, etc.), quality of produced coke, and purpose of use are also diverse. Future trends in coking coal quality, coke quality requirements, labor load, work environment issues, and productivity;
From a low-cost perspective, a high-volume coke oven that maintains quality and has high productivity is required by incorporating automation and process control as well as pre-treatment technology for coking coal. However, existing coke ovens have the following problems. That is, (a) the carbonization chambers and the heating and smoking chambers are arranged alternately, and the heating and combustion chambers are shared by the adjacent carbonization chambers on both sides, making it difficult to control the process to improve quality and reduce the amount of heat consumed. .

The heating combustion chamber constantly supplies the amount of heat necessary to carbonize the coal in the adjacent carbonization chamber in accordance with the required time. On the other hand, in order to prevent damage to the furnace wall due to the expansion pressure of coal, workability, temperature characteristics of the combustion chamber, etc., the charging order of the carbonization chamber is set to 1.
．． 6.11.16. Therefore, the coal charged into the carbonization chambers on both sides of the heating combustion chamber is
Different optimal heating for each! Despite the need for 14 characteristics (temperature increase rate, temperature history, final coke temperature, etc.), the unreasonableness of supplying a constant supply of hot needles and carbonizing the coal in both coking chambers in one heating combustion chamber was solved. have.

(a) Adjustment of the required amount of heating gas, air, etc. is done manually, and the workload is heavy, making it difficult to adjust the amount of carbonization in the most suitable heating pattern. The temperature of the coke oven heating combustion chamber varies depending on the coke working rate (rotation rate), from the lower limit of about 1,000℃ for coke quality and furnace maintenance, to the limit temperature of the bricks used, about -1,350℃ (including variations). It is also possible to preheat the heating gas (poor gas) and combustion air in the heat storage chamber, store heat with the combustion waste gas, and switch the combustion direction of the heating combustion chamber as a whole in about 15 to 30 minutes. It comes with a device that can do this. However, in most furnaces, the flow rate adjustment of heating gas, combustion air, and combustion waste gas in each heating combustion chamber is manually operated by humans, making it difficult to control the process to match the optimal heating characteristics of each carbonization chamber. These problems have hindered the installation of high-capacity coke ovens and hindered productivity.

In view of such problems, the present invention provides a coke oven having an automatic adjustment and process control method for heating coal in each coking chamber in accordance with the optimum heating characteristic value, and a rational heating structure compatible with the method. . Namely, 1. In a horizontal chamber type coke oven (hereinafter referred to as \9 coke oven), a heat storage chamber is formed below the adjacent carbonization chamber and heating combustion chamber by partitioning the carbonization chamber in the length direction with a brick pillar wall (conventional heat storage This heat storage chamber is partitioned into two by a brick partition wall at the center in the direction of the central axis of the furnace, and further divided into small chambers at the center in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization chamber, with carbonization chamber 1 and its carbonization chamber separated. Two rows of heating and firing chambers on both sides and adjacent sides, and four rows of heat storage chambers (including horizontal canals) divided into small chambers located below them are one block, and are used for heating gas and combustion. A horizontal chamber coke oven characterized in that air and combustion gas are controlled within the block system.

2. In the coke oven described above, one carbonization chamber that is a block, two rows of heating combustion chambers on both sides of the adjacent carbonization chamber, and four rows of heat storage chambers (including horizontal blade nulls) located below the heating gas; A heating control method for a coke oven characterized by controlling combustion air and combustion waste gas independently for each block.

3. In the coke oven heating control method described above, the temperature of the heating combustion chambers on both sides that are in 1% contact with the carbonization chamber can be set arbitrarily during the course of carbonization of coal, and the heating gas and combustion can be controlled for each block accordingly. This is a coke oven heating control method characterized by supplying air and discharging combustion waste gas.

In the present invention, the heating combustion system may be a poor gas single system, a poor gas, or a rich gas dual system, an under jet type or gun type that uses heated gas and/or air, a hairbin combustion system, or a two-split combustion system. Alternatively, any known method can be adopted depending on the size of the furnace width, furnace height, furnace length, etc., such as single-stage or multi-stage combustion at the port portion of the heating combustion chamber. However, in the case of gas-rich combustion, combustion air and combustion waste gas pass through the heat storage chamber, and in the case of gas-poor combustion, heating gas, combustion air, and combustion waste gas will be supplied and discharged.

Therefore, the present invention has the following effects.

■ One carbonization chamber and FA, two adjacent rows of heating combustion chambers on both sides, and four rows of heat storage chambers located below them are one block, and heating gas, combustion air, combustion waste gas, etc. are distributed in each block system. It can be controlled arbitrarily within.

■ For example, programmed heating can be performed for each block, reducing the amount of heat consumed.

■ Flow rate adjustment valves for heating gas, combustion air, combustion waste gas, etc. are automated for each block using electric and/or hydraulic equipment, and process control of the entire furnace and each Glock is performed using computers, etc. It is possible to save labor.

■Heating can be controlled for each carbonization chamber, and coal can be carbonized with optimal heating characteristics, improving coke quality and reducing quality variations.

■ It is possible to enlarge the coke oven by widening the oven width, which improves the labor load and work environment, improves productivity, and reduces the time required to increase or decrease production due to changes in the coke oven operating rate, such as by adopting space heat insulation for each block. The effect is very strong, such as being able to respond to Lee.

The present invention will be explained in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hairpin single-stage combustion method according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the BB plane of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a cross-section of a poor gas two-division single-stage coke oven. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the poor gas hairbin multi-stage combustion system, Figure 5 is the
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the poor gas two-part long-stage combustion system, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the rich gas, gun type, and Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the underjet type. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a heating control embodiment of the present invention.

As is well known, in a conventional coke oven, carbonization chambers and heating combustion chambers are arranged alternately, and a heat storage chamber and a horizontal canal are provided at the bottom of the carbonization chamber through a brick structure below. It is connected by a duct in the brick structure below the carbonization chamber. Also, the inside of the heat storage chamber is filled with checker bricks, and the poor gas for heating and combustion air are supplied to each heat storage chamber by a horizontal canal and/or under jet system, and are preheated through a duct installed in the brick structure at the bottom of the carbonization chamber. The coal is then led to a heating combustion chamber where it is combusted, and the coals in the adjacent carbonization chambers on both sides are carbonized. Combustion waste gas descends through another heating combustion chamber, passes through another duct, passes through a waste gas side heat storage chamber (for example, adjacent or on the opposite side divided into two), stores heat in a checker brick, and passes through a horizontal canal to smoke. Ejected into the road or stack. In this heating method, the heating direction and gas direction are switched to the opposite side in about 15 to 30 minutes. There is also an example of a hairpin combustion coke oven with a heat storage chamber divided into two, with 15 horizontal channels installed in the lower brick structure of the carbonization chamber.

As shown in the cross sections of FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 6, the coke oven of the present invention has a heating combustion chamber Fl between carbonization chambers C1 and C2, between C2 and C3, and between C3 and Cn. and F2. %F2 and F3, F3 and Fn are arranged in two rows, and the heating combustion chamber Ir is arranged in two rows with the carbonization layer FflJ of the brick structure 6 below. At the bottom, the carbonization chambers C1 to Cn are partitioned in the length direction by a known brick column wall 7 to form heat storage chambers R1 to R, and the heat storage chambers R1 to R11 are partitioned into small chambers by a partition wall 5. R1-R
Further, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the carbonization chamber C1-
C, is divided into two parts in the longitudinal direction by a brick mill 15 in the direction of the central axis of the furnace. Non-heated combustion chamber F!
~Fn are each divided into a large number of free parts 9 by a brick partition wall 8, as is well known, and the bricks located below the heat storage "JRI~Rn, the heating firing chambers F1~Fn, and the carbonization chambers C, -Cn." The structural portion 60 is connected by the duct 14.

The heat storage chambers R1 to 'Rn have checker bricks 16 stacked therein by a known method, and a horizontal canal 5l is installed at the bottom of the checker bricks 16.
-8n is provided for each heat storage chamber R1 to Rn. The heating poor gas and combustion room air supplied to the heating combustion chambers F1 to Fn are supplied to the heat storage chamber R1 using a gun method and/or an under jet method.
~Rn is preheated and passes through the duct 14, and the poor gas and air meet in the heating combustion chamber Fl-Fn to become free-9.
burns with The combustion waste gas descends through another flue 9, passes through the connected duct 14, stores heat in the checker bricks 16 in the heat storage chambers R1-Rn on the opposite side separated by the brick partition wall 15, and passes through the horizontal canals Sl to Sn to the flue. It is discharged on 18th. In the case of the hairpin combustion method, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, a horizontal flame path 13 is provided between the heating combustion chambers Fl-, -Fn and the heat storage chambers R, ~R11, and the heat is preheated in the heat storage chambers R1-Rn. ,
The heating gas and combustion air enter the horizontal flame path 13 from the duct 14, are distributed in the length direction of the carbonization chambers C1 to Cn, and enter every other flue 9 for combustion. The combustion waste gas descends through another flue 9, passes through a duct 14, passes through a horizontal flame path 13, and enters a heat storage chamber R1- on the opposite side partitioned by a brick partition wall 15.
Rn and is discharged into the flue 18 via horizontal canals S1 to Sn. In the case of two-part combustion, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, there is an upper horizontal flame path 1 above the heating combustion chambers F1 to Fn.
2 and is partitioned by a brick partition wall 15 R1~
Heated gas and combustion air are supplied to one side of the RH and are preheated, and enter the heating combustion chambers Fl to FH through the duct 14 to be combusted. The heating combustion chambers F1 to Fn simultaneously burn up to the vicinity of the longitudinal center of the carbonization chambers C1 to Cn. Combustion waste gas is passed through the upper horizontal flame path 1.
3, descends through the flue 9 on the opposite side in the longitudinal direction, enters the regenerator chambers R1-Rn on the opposite side, and is discharged into the flue 18 via a horizontal canal.

When using rich gas, as shown in Fig. 7, the rich gas is not preheated in the heat storage chambers R1 to Rn, but is heated in the combustion chamber F1 using a known method.
~Fn can be supplied directly to the rich gas duct 17 of the lower brick wall 6 and supplied to each flue 9, or as shown in FIG. A duct 10 is provided to supply rich gas to the carbonization chamber C1-C.
It is combusted by combining with the preheated combustion air in the half heat storage chamber R1 in the length direction of n. The combustion waste gas is discharged into the flue 18 through the same route as the lean gas in the furnace type. In this heating system, the heating and combustion waste gas paths are switched in opposite directions every 15 to 30 minutes by a known method of using a poor gas and rich gas heating valve.

The feature of the coke oven of the present invention is that the carbonization chamber C1, 1, the row of heating combustion chambers F12 on both sides thereof, and the lower regenerator chamber R14 form a block, and the carbonization chamber 021 chamber and the heating combustion chambers F2.2 on both sides thereof. The column and its lower heat storage chambers R2 and 4 form a block, and each block has an independent heating and combustion system.Heating furnace combustion chambers F and 2 on both sides of the carbonization chamber A poor gas that has a structure that does not receive the influence of the carbonization process of C2 and is supplied to the heating combustion chamber F1,
The heat storage chamber R1, which preheats the combustion air, distributes it to each free chamber, and stores heat in the checker bricks by the combustion waste gas, is also separated from the carbonization chamber C2.

That is, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the poor gas heating hairpin type multi-stage combustion coke oven of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken from FIG.
In the vertical cross-sectional view of the surface, when the heated gas and/or combustion air is supplied by the under-jet method, a hole is made in the concrete hearth 19 in the basement and it is supplied directly to the heat storage chamber R1" Rn, and in the case of the gun type, it is supplied horizontally. It is supplied to the heat storage chambers R1 to Rn from the canals S1 to Sn.In the example of FIG.
1 is a heat storage chamber for preheating combustion air, and a heat storage chamber R1 indicated by the symbol W in FIG. 5 is a heat storage chamber through which combustion waste gas passes. Heating gas and combustion air are raised in half of the heat storage chamber R1, which is divided into two by the brick partition wall 15 at the center of the lengthwise direction of the carbonization chamber in FIG. The poor gas and air meet and burn in the acid part of each flue 9 of the heating combustion chamber F1 via the flame path 13 and duct 14, and part of the poor gas and air are provided in each free brick partition wall 8. It passes through a duct 10 and is injected from a nozzle 11 on the way to burn.

The combustion waste gas descends through the flue 9 on the opposite side of the hairpin, enters the heat storage chamber R1, stores heat in the j-eraker brick 16, and is discharged to the flue J8 via the horizontal canal SL. Also, as shown in FIG. 6, in a 1:2 split multistage combustion type coke oven, heating gas and combustion air are supplied and preheated to the heat storage chamber R1 using the method shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the heated combustion chamber F! It ascends through a duct 14 provided in the lower brick structure 6, passes through a rigid duct 10 provided in the brick partition wall 8 of each flue 9, and is injected from each nozzle 11 along the way to burn. In this case, each flue 9 smokes simultaneously from the end side to the central part of the carbonization chamber c1. The combustion waste gas passes through the upper horizontal flame path 12 of each flue 9, descends through each flue 9 on the opposite side that is not combusted, and stores heat in the checker bricks 16 in the heat storage chamber R1 on the opposite side of the central brick partition wall 5, and then horizontally Canal S.

After that, the loss is discharged to the flue 18.

Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of the heating control system in the underjet method of poor gas, Harebin combustion of the present invention. Carbonization chamber C1, heating combustion chambers Fl on both sides thereof, 2 chambers, and 4 lower heat storage chambers. The system is made up of blocks, and heating can be controlled within the system. That is, the poor gas line passes through the French gas pipe 20 -> gas switching valve 21 -> gas flow rate adjustment valve 22 -> heat storage chamber R1 -> horizontal flame path 13 -> each duct 14 - to each free of the heating combustion chamber F1.
It is divided into 9. The combustion air line is air pipe 23 → air switching valve 24 → air flow rate adjustment valve 25 → heat storage chamber R.

→Horizontal flame path 13→Each duct) 14f: Through heating combustion chamber F,
are distributed to each flue 9. In the heating combustion chamber, two flues 9 form a pair, and the distributed heating gas and combustion air burn through the flue 9 and ascend, while the waste gas descends through the flue 9 on one side. The waste gas line passes through a separate line from the supply heating gas and combustion air to each free-9 → horizontal field road 13 → heat storage chamber R1 → horizontal canal S1 → waste gas adjustment valve 26 → exhaust gas change valve 27 and then to the flue 18 is discharged. The heating gas switching valve 21, the air switching valve 24, and the waste gas switching valve 27 are switched by a known method to a switching device 28 in which a furnace group is arranged in a loop, and a switching device driving device 29 operates for 15 minutes to 30 minutes.
Switch heating direction every minute.

The gas flow rate regulating valve 22, the air flow regulating valve 25, and the waste gas regulating valve 26 are connected to a regulating device 30, and the respective flow regulating valves 22, 25, 30 are connected to a regulating device 30 by the operation of a drive device 31.
The opening degree can be adjusted. This adjustment device 30 is configured such that an adjustment device driving machine 31 is driven by a command device 32, and the amount of operation (stroke) and timing of operation of the adjustment device 30 can be arbitrarily set by the command device, and a computer etc. Using this, the optimum heating pattern can be set according to the operating rate of the furnace group and the target temperature, and it is also possible to set it arbitrarily for each block. The gas flow rate adjustment valve 22, the air flow rate adjustment valve 25, and the waste gas flow rate adjustment valve 26 can be electrically operated.The purpose of each electric flow rate adjustment valve 22, 25, and 26 can be adjusted by operating them by a signal from a command device. can be achieved.

Additionally, the arrangement of the gas flow rate adjustment valve 22, air flow rate adjustment valve 25, waste gas adjustment valve 26, and respective switching valves 21.24 and '47 can also be reversed, and this will not cause any problems in control. .

As described above, in this invention, the heating and combustion system of one carbonization chamber, two heating combustion chambers of both V:1 cylinders, and four lower heat storage chambers are independent blocks, and heating gas, combustion air, combustion There is an advantage that the flow rate and distribution adjustment of waste gas etc. can be arbitrarily controlled within each block, and the present invention has the following effects.

1. Heating control for each carbonization chamber can be performed independently, making it possible to carbonize coal with optimal heating characteristics for each block, improving the quality of coke and reducing variations in quality.

2゜Program heating, etc. can be performed for each block, and the amount of heat consumed can be reduced.

3. Automate the flow rate adjustment valves for heating gas, combustion air, combustion waste gas, etc. for each block using electric and hydraulic equipment, and use a computer etc. to control the flow rate adjustment valves for the entire furnace and each block. It is possible to control processes such as this, and to save labor.

4. It is now possible to enlarge the coke oven by widening the width of the coke oven, improving labor load, improving the working environment and increasing productivity. Timely changes in coke oven operation rate, changes in production, etc., such as the adoption of space heat retention for each block. Its effects are very significant, such as being able to respond to

5. One block V includes one carbonization chamber, two adjacent rows of heating and combustion chambers on both sides, and four rows of heat storage chambers located below them.
The heating gas, combustion air, combustion waste gas, etc. can be controlled arbitrarily within each block system.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the coke oven of the present invention in the poor gas hairpin single stage combustion system, Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the plane B-B in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is the poor gas two-part single stage combustion system. A cross-sectional view of a coke oven, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a coke oven using Irvine multistage combustion method for poor gas, and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the plane D-D of Fig. 4.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the poor gas two-division multi-stage combustion type coke oven, Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main parts of the gas-rich gun type 0 and hairpin combustion type coke ovens, and Figure 8 is the rich gas underjet type. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of a hairpin combustion type coke oven, and is an explanatory diagram of a heating control method according to an embodiment of the present invention using a thin-gun hairpin combustion type coke oven. C1-Cn: Carbonization chamber F1-Fn: Heating combustion chamber R1-R
n: Storage FjAm 19: Hearth concrete S1~
Sn: Horizontal canal 20: Poor gas pipe 1: Furnace top 21:
Sofusu switching valve 2: Fluid inspection hole 22-Gas flow rate adjustment valve 3: Bag entry hole 23: Air pipe 4: Hearth bottom 24: Air switching valve 5: Partition wall 25 Air accent til! ! I valve adjustment 6:
Brick structure part 26: Waste gas adjustment valve 7: Brick column wall 27: Waste gas change valve 8: Brick partition wall 28: Switching device 9: Flue 29: Switching Pft'>, for, use, and movement device 10: Hard Crit 30: Word circumference adjustment device 11: Nozzle 31;h! Mu Kakusou Koj°, 1 hair 1 drive I assistant 4 station 1
2: Upper horizontal path 32: Command device 13: Horizontal flame path 33: Rich gas pipe 14: Talito 34: Rich gas switching valve 15: Brick bulkhead 35: Rich gas flow; 1 check valve. 16; Checker brick 17: Rich gas duct 18: Flue duct procedure sleeve formalities 1925 and 1999 and month 31:] Showa period Ur81 Application No. 1172σ7 3 Person making the amendment/If Relationship with PI Applicant 1- Address (Residence 1) Higashi 31-machi, Miyakochiyo 111-ku, Tokurimachi 2-1, 6-3, Name (Gen 4, ) (665) Nippon Steel Corporation Kaneko, 24, Agent I] Tokyo - T-dai 11 (Ku Marunouchi 2 "6-2 No. 9 Shigesu Building 330m-1. --1111゛-1-, foam ← 7 Correction of 1-zoom correction We will amend the description of the application and the 100-year-old cattle section in the drawings. In the 5th line of page 20 of Self 1, the text "3: Charging hole" will be corrected to "3: Charging hole." 2. Figure 1, Figure 4, Figure 7, Figure 8, and Figure 9 of the drawings will be corrected to the drawings submitted today.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a horizontal chamber type coke oven, a heat storage chamber is provided below the adjacent carbonization chamber and heating combustion chamber, and the heat storage chamber is formed by a brick partition wall at the center in the direction of the center axis of the furnace! The carbonization chamber is divided into 12 parts, and the carbonization chamber is further partitioned at the center in the length direction, and is divided into one carbonization chamber, two rows of heating combustion chambers on both sides adjacent to the carbonization chamber, and a small chamber located below the carbonization chamber. Heat storage chamber 4
A horizontal chamber type coke oven 2, characterized in that the rows are one block, and the heating gas, combustion air, and combustion waste gas are controlled within the block system. In a furnace-type coke oven, a heat storage chamber is provided below the adjacent carbonization chamber and heating combustion chamber, and the heat storage chamber is divided into two by a brick partition wall at the center in the direction of the center axis of the furnace, and further in the length direction of the coke chamber. divided in the center,
1 carbonization chamber and 2 heating combustion chambers on both sides adjacent to the carbonization chamber
One carbonization chamber and two rows of heating combustion chambers on both sides of the adjoining carbonization chamber, in which four rows of heat storage chambers partitioned into small chambers located below the carbonization chamber, and four rows of heat storage chambers located below the carbonization chamber. Coke oven heating control method 3, characterized in that the heating gas in the rows, combustion air, and combustion waste gas are controlled independently for each block; A heat storage chamber is provided below the heating combustion chamber, and the heat storage chamber is divided into two by a brick partition wall at the center in the direction of the central axis of the furnace, and is further partitioned at the center in the length direction of the carbonization chamber. A carbonization chamber and an adjacent carbonization chamber, in which one chamber, two rows of heating combustion chambers on both sides adjacent to the carbonization chamber, and four rows of heat storage chambers partitioned into small chambers located below the chamber are one block. The heating control method, in which the heating gas in the two rows of heating combustion chambers on both sides and the four rows of heat storage chambers located below them, as well as the combustion air and combustion waste gas, is controlled independently for each block, is used to control the progress of carbonization of coal. A coke characterized in that the temperature of the heating combustion chambers on both sides adjacent to the carbonization chamber can be arbitrarily set, and that heating gas and combustion air are supplied to each block and combustion waste gas is discharged accordingly. Furnace heating control method.