JPS6040299B2 - Blood defoaming purification reservoir - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention detects blood from a patient's surgical site, defoams it, removes remaining microbubbles (microbubbles in blood), and purifies it so that it can be returned to the patient's body. This invention relates to a blood defoaming purification reservoir.

There are two types of reservoirs of this type: a hard type with a hard shell outer bag, and a soft type with a soft sheet such as PVC.

Both types have the function of defoaming foamed blood using silicone resin. Representative examples of the hard type include U.S. Patent No. 3,507,395 and Hakama Kosho 54-Madara No. 435, but the disadvantage of the hard type is that the product is large and the cost is high. The drawback of conventional soft type products is that their antifoaming effect is inferior to that of hard type products.

Also, compared to hard types, soft types do not have a filter with a fine opening (mesh) because it is difficult for air to escape without resistance and the blood flow becomes poor. It also has the disadvantage that it is difficult to remove blood clots, foreign bodies, and microbaffles. Furthermore, because the priming port for filling liquids such as chemicals and the exhaust boat are sealed separately in the outer bag, there is a high risk of leakage, and when chemicals are injected from the priming port, the chemicals disappear. It adhered to the foam part and the inner surface of the outer bag, making it difficult to administer the drug solution accurately. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a soft type of blood that can be produced at low cost and has a filter that has a fine mesh that can almost completely remove microbubbles, which are microbubbles that exist in blood, and has good air removal properties. The aim is to provide a defoaming purification reservoir. Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood antifoaming reservoir that can be simpler than the circuit of an artificial heart arm by docking a portion that performs an antifoaming function with a venous reservoir.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a blood defoaming system that uses a double-tube structure for the exhaust pipe and priming tube to reduce the risk of leakage that is common with soft type tubes and to enable accurate administration of medical solutions. There is an attempt to provide a purification reservoir.

The present invention comprises a hollow outer bag made of a flexible plastic sheet;
A first blood inlet pipe located above the outer bag, a defoaming member surrounding the downstream end of the inlet pipe, and a mesh disposed above the outer bag and housing the defoaming member. 20-70
An anti-foam filter net bag having a substantially horizontal portion that fits in with the final consignment inlet pipe and a portion that hangs downward from this, and having a non-accommodating portion for the anti-foaming member on the downstream side; A blood storage part provided at the outer bag, a blood delivery pipe formed at the lower end of the outer bag to be connected to the blood storage part, and a liquid filling tube such as a medicinal solution and an exhaust pipe provided at the upper end of the outer bag. The present invention provides a blood defoaming purification reservoir characterized by the following. Furthermore, it is also possible to provide a blood vessel in parallel with the blood vessel, connect the blood vessel to the artificial heart arm, connect the blood vessel to the living body, and use it as a defoaming reservoir for the artificial heart arm. Hereinafter, the blood defoaming purification reservoir according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The blood defoaming purification reservoir 1 of the present invention is constructed from a flexible plastic sheet and comprises a generally rectangular hollow outer bag 3 whose outer circumferential edge 2 is tightly sealed.

This approximately rectangular hollow outer bag 3 has a first blood inlet tube 4 connected to the patient's surgical area at one upper side, and an exhaust pipe 5 having a double pipe structure at the upper green portion, and a drug solution, etc. A priming tube 6 for injecting is connected at the lower green portion to a dish fluid delivery tube 7 connected to an appropriate blood transfusion site of the patient or the arterial side of the artificial heart spinal cord and/or to the venous side of the patient. Second blood inlet tubes 8 are provided extending into the hollow portions of the outer bags 3, respectively. Inside the hollow outer bag 3 is a mesh bag 9 that encloses the first dish liquid inlet pipe 4 and seals the side green 10 and the lower end green 11 together with both sheets of the outer bag 3, as shown in FIG. attached to limit the blood flow path.

The silk bag 9 communicates with the first blood inlet tube 4 and has a substantially horizontal upstream portion and a downstream portion that hangs down from the upstream portion, and a foam-defoaming member is placed in these portions in an amount necessary for defoaming. In particular, it is preferable that the defoaming member is not placed in the lower part of the downstream mesh bag, and that the part is used to store defoamed blood. The blood accumulated in this area is further defoamed by the silk bag if any microbaffles remain, and foreign substances are filtered out and accumulated at the bottom of the outer bag. It is optimal that the silk bags are partially fixed to each other, as shown at 12, so that the defoaming member does not fall and the defoamed blood can pass through. The upstream part 13 of the net bag near the first blood inlet pipe 4 is a defoaming part, which is a generally widely used material made of metal, plastic, glue, coil, wool, etc. covered with silicone resin. Alternatively, an antifoaming agent made of an open-celled water-repellent resin such as silicone rubber is loaded, and the downstream section 14 does not contain an antifoaming member and constitutes a filter section for filtering and purifying foreign substances in the blood. is optimal. The installation position of the first blood inlet tube 4 in the side green 1 of the silk bag 9 is as shown in FIG. 1, from the upper and lower ends of the side green 10 of the silk bag 9 to the first dish liquid inlet tube. A position where the ratio a/b of the distances a and b is 1 or less is suitable. The reason for this is that the blood entering from the first blood inlet tube 4 is defoamed by contacting the defoaming member of the defoaming section 13 as much as possible, and bubbles are not directly released from the mesh bag itself. In addition, the lower end green 11 of the mesh bag 9, which is sealed together with both sheets of the outer bag 3, limits the blood flow path with the necessary contact length between the blood and the antifoaming member, so that the blood can be removed immediately, that is, with sufficient antifoaming. Make sure that it does not reach the filter section without being carried out. The angle R formed between the seal side line 2 of the outer bag 3 and the seal lower end green 11 of the net bag 9 is preferably 60° to 900°. This is because when the angle is 4 degrees from 600, the blood flows too quickly and the defoaming effect is incomplete, and when the angle is greater than 90 degrees, some of the blood accumulates and stops flowing. The silk bag 9 is made of silk with an opening (mesh) of 70 to 20 microns.

This is because if the mesh size is larger than 70 microns, microbodies such as thrombus and foreign matter and microbubbles cannot be removed, and if the mesh size is smaller than 20 microns, some blood cell components cannot pass through. In particular, since microbubbles cannot be removed by the silicone resin bubble section 13 alone, in the present invention, the microbubbles are completely removed by the fine mesh filter section 14 as described above. When the mesh size of the mesh bag 9 becomes about 100 microns or less, pressure loss begins to occur, and when it becomes about 70 microns or less, the pressure loss increases. Blood flows from the first blood inlet tube 4 to this reservoir 1.
Because it is a soft type, it is sent under positive pressure, so abnormal intestinal pressure must not be created within the silk bag 9. If the pressure inside the mesh bag becomes high or the amount of blood flowing in is large and the mesh bag becomes completely wet, it becomes difficult for air to be exhausted from the mesh bag, and the internal pressure of the mesh bag increases, causing air to flow out from the downstream filter section. There is a risk that blood may be pushed out and foaming may occur, or that air may push blood adhering to the silk bag and foaming may occur. For this reason, it is preferable to form at least one slit 15 in the net bag 9 at an upper position far from the first blood feeding tube. As a result, even if the net bag is completely wet with blood, air can be safely passed through the slit 15 through the exhaust pipe 5 and the space between the exhaust hole 16 formed therein and the exhaust port cap 17. It can escape to the outside air. As mentioned above, if the mesh size of the mesh bag 9 is 70 microns or less, pressure loss increases.

If the mesh is 70 microns, the pressure loss will be approximately 8 to 20, if the mesh is 50 microns, it will be 10 to 20, and if the mesh is 20 microns, the pressure loss will be about 15 to 20. Therefore, the height of the net bag 9 in the blood flow direction needs to be one breath or more. As a result, blood is accumulated within the silk bag 9 including the filter section and the defoaming section at a level clearly shown in FIG. 2. That is, when the blood level in the mesh bag 9 reaches 8 ratios or more for a mesh bag of 70 microns, 1 ratio or more for a mesh bag of 50 microns, and 13 ratios or more for a mesh bag of 20 microns, blood is pushed out of each mesh bag by the water pressure of the blood itself. At the same time, microbubbles and microbodies are completely removed and purified, and purified blood is stored in the bottom 18 of the reservoir 1 to an extent that has not been possible with conventional reservoirs of this type. This purified blood is returned to the required part of the patient via the dish fluid delivery tube 7. The blood bubble purification reservoir 1 of the present invention includes a second blood inlet tube 8 .

This tube is provided extending a considerable length from the entrance of the blood delivery tube 7. This is to prevent blood that may contain bubbles from the second dish liquid inlet tube from reaching the blood outlet tube 7 immediately. As mentioned above, the first blood inlet tube 4 is for inflowing blood collected at the patient's surgical department.
The second blood inlet tube 8 is connected to the patient's vein. In this case, the blood delivery tube 7 is connected to the venous side circuit of the artificial heart arm.
The reservoir 1 of the present invention is provided with a storage section 19 having an inclination as shown in FIG. 1 on the lower side opposite to the side where the first blood feeding tube 4 is provided.

As a result, even when there is little blood in the storage tray 18, the liquid level of the blood can be raised to reduce the risk of air flowing from the delivery tube 7, and the blood that has been defoamed and purified by the silk bag 9 can be Since the blood flows along the slope portion 19, there is no possibility of foaming in the blood storage portion 18. It is preferable to attach a capacity scale 20 to the outer bag 3 so that the amount of blood in the blood storage section 18 can be seen. It is preferable that the exhaust pipe 5 and the priming tube 6 provided at the upper end of the outer bag 3 have a double-tube structure, with the former serving as an outer pipe and the latter serving as an inner pipe, as shown in FIG.

The priming tube 6 has a luer taper priming port 21 for injecting a chemical solution, etc., and a priming port cap 2 that closes this boat except when injecting it.
The exhaust pipe 5 is connected by the exhaust port cap 17 integrally provided with the
Fixedly supported. By adopting the double-tube structure in this manner, the number of high-frequency seals can be reduced, which not only simplifies the manufacturing process but also reduces the risk of leakage from the seals. The exhaust port cap 17 prevents foreign matter, cocoons, etc. from entering through the exhaust hole 16. Exhaust from the exhaust pipe 5 is performed as follows. Gap between exhaust pipe 5 and tube 6, exhaust row 6 and exhaust pipe 5 and exhaust cap 17
The hollow part of the outer bag 3 communicates with the outside air through the gap between the outer bag 3 and the outer bag 3. The priming port 21 is covered with a cap 22 to prevent foreign matter such as cocoons from entering except during injection.

The priming port 21 can be used as a luer to facilitate the setting of a syringe for injecting a drug solution.
To prevent the chemical solution from remaining in the tube 6 by preventing air from entering from 1. The priming tube 6 is extended by the necessary length as shown in FIG. 1 so that the injected medicinal solution is mixed into the blood in the blood storage part 8 in an accurate amount without adhering to the side wall of the outer bag 1 as much as possible. It's good to keep it.
In addition, it is convenient to provide a hanger insertion part 23 in the upper part of the outer bag 2 so that the outer bag 2 can be suspended by a hanger.
Next, the operation and function of the blood defoaming purification reservoir according to the present invention will be briefly explained. The second blood inlet tube 8 is connected to the patient's vein, and the blood outlet tube 7 is connected to the venous side circuit of the cardiopulmonary bypass or to the required blood transfusion site of the patient when not used for the cardiopulmonary bypass. 4 to the patient's surgical department.
Positive pressure blood mixed with air bubbles, which is sent from the patient's surgical department through the first dish fluid inlet pipe 4, is defoamed by the defoaming part 13 of the paper bag 9 containing a defoaming member, and the blood flows. It flows downstream through the mesh bag 9 from the defoaming part 13 to the filter part 14 from the part other than the fixed part 12 shown in FIG. 1, and is stored in the fine mesh filter part 14 of the silk bag 9. When the mesh of the filter part reaches a certain level, remaining microbubbles and microbodies such as blood clots and foreign substances are removed and purified by the liquid pressure of the blood itself in the filter part 14. Blood is pushed out and stored in the storage tray 18.
The air separated from the blood during defoaming passes through the upper part of the silk bag 9 and/or the slit 15, and is further discharged to the outside air through the exhaust pipe 5 and exhaust hole 16, and abnormal internal pressure is applied to the reservoir 1 and the net bag 9. Never. The patient's venous blood is fed through the second blood feeding tube and stored in the blood storage section 18 . The thus purified blood and venous blood are injected with medicinal fluids and the like through the briming tube 6 as necessary, and are again delivered to the heart-lung machine via the blood delivery tube 7, and then sent back into the patient's body. An antifoaming performance test was conducted on the blood antifoaming purification reservoir 1 of the present invention using the circuit shown in FIG.

In this circuit, bovine blood with an Ht value of 45 in the blood storage tank 3 kept at 37o0 by the constant ration tank 30 is foamed in the foaming section 32, and passed through the reservoir 1 of the present invention by the pump 33 at 40 ml/min. It was circulated for 3 hours at a flow rate of . Approximately three times silicone resin SH5500 (Toray Silicone) was applied to the defoaming part of the reservoir. The air is passed through the pressure reducing valve 34 to the needle valve 35 and the pressure of 1 kg/min. meter 3
6, and was mixed in at the super foam section 32 at a flow rate of 2/min.
As a result, ``No microbaffles were observed from the reservoir crab to the circuit or to the blood storage tank.

When we conducted the same test on other similar models, many of them failed to remove microbaffles. The presence or absence of microbubbles was confirmed by checking whether or not they had grown into larger bubbles in the horizontal area, since microbubbles were not visible to the naked eye. As is clear from the above description, the blood defoaming purification reservoir of the present invention has many advantages over similar conventional reservoirs, such as the following. ○｝
It has better coastal action than conventional soft-type defoaming reservoirs, and can not only remove most of the microbaffles, but also remove blood clots, foreign substances, etc. ■ The exhaust port and chemical injection port are integrated. Therefore, it is easy to manufacture, reduces the risk of leakage, allows for accurate dosing of the chemical solution, prevents foreign objects, boxes, etc. from entering from the exhaust port, and does not interfere with the exhaust action, so it prevents pressure from rising inside the reservoir. Does not occur.

{31 It is very safe to use because it has a structure that prevents bubbles from forming when defoamed blood falls into the blood storage area and prevents bubbles from entering the living body via the blood supply tube.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various changes can be made within the scope of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of the blood defoaming purification reservoir of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along the Rolo line of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a seven-port foam performance test circuit diagram. 1...Dish liquid defoaming purification reservoir, 3...Outer bag,
4...First dish liquid inlet pipe, 5...Exhaust pipe, 6...
...Priming tube 7...Blood delivery tube, 8...Second blood delivery tube, 9...Net bag, 1
3... Defoaming section, 14... Filter section, 15...
...Slit, 17...Exhaust cap, 18...
...Blood storage part, 19...Eil collecting part, 21...Priming port, 30...Jin overflowing tank, 31...Blood storage tank, 32...Bubbling part, 33 ...Pump, 34
......pressure reducing valve, 36...needle valve, 36...flow meter. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hollow outer bag made of a flexible plastic sheet, a first blood feeding tube located above the outer bag, and a defoaming member surrounding the downstream end of the feeding tube. A mesh disposed in the upper part of the outer bag and housing the defoaming member has a substantially horizontal part communicating with the inlet pipe of 20 to 70 μm and a part hanging downward from this, and the defoaming member is disposed on the downstream side. a defoaming filter mesh bag having a non-accommodating part for the foam member; a blood storage part provided at the lower part of the outer bag; and a blood delivery pipe communicating with the blood storage part formed at the lower end of the outer bag; A blood defoaming purification reservoir characterized by comprising a tube for filling a liquid such as a medicinal solution provided at the upper end of an outer bag and an exhaust pipe. 2. The defoaming filter net bag is comprised of an upstream defoaming part containing a defoaming member and a downstream filter part not containing a defoaming agent. Blood defoaming purification reservoir. 3. A second blood supply tube is attached from the lower end of the outer bag into the outer bag and extends a required length higher than the upper end opening of the blood supply tube, so that it can be used as a reservoir for an artificial heart-lung machine. A blood defoaming purification reservoir according to claim 1. 4. The blood according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an air vent slit is formed in the antifoam filter net bag near an upper end portion of the net bag that is far from the first blood inlet pipe. Defoaming purification reservoir. 5. The defoaming filter net bag has a length that can obtain the required water pressure corresponding to the mesh of the net bag, and the angle between the side edge of the outer bag and the lower edge of the seal of the net bag is 60° to 90°. A blood defoaming purification reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 6. The blood defoaming and purification reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a converging part is provided in the lower part of the outer bag at a position below the filter part. 7. The blood according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the exhaust pipe has a double pipe structure in which the exhaust pipe is an outer pipe and the tube for filling liquid such as a drug solution is an inner pipe. Defoaming purification reservoir. 8. The blood defoaming and purification reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that the tube for filling liquid such as drug solution is extended by a considerable length into the outer bag. 9. The blood defoaming purification reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a hanger insertion part is provided at the upper end of the outer bag.