JPS596767A - Linear motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the thrust of a linear motor by opposing a pair of field magnets arranged alternately with N- and S-poles, arranging a plurality sets of drive coils in which the first and second conductors are connected in the gap, thereby composing the motor. CONSTITUTION:Field magnets 10, 10' arranged longitudinally with N-, S-poles so that the adjacent poles become different polarity are oppositely disposed at the same polarity at the gap, the first and second conductors 18a, 18b wound with coil unit 12 of long plate shape made of magnetic material are disposed in the gap longitudinally isolated in the opening width of the poles, and connected to dispose a plurality sets of drive coils 18. A linear motor is formed with any of field magnet side and drive coil side as a moving element. Accordingly, the connecting part between the drive coils 18 which do not contribute to the thrust is only one conductor, thereby increasing the thrust.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a linear motor that has extremely high efficiency and can be mass-produced at low cost.

Traditionally, when we think of linear motors, we mean induction type motors such as linear motor cars, voice coil motors used in audio equipment, and even linear step motors used in X-Y printers. Most of them are. However, the induction type is very large and cannot be applied to small devices, the voice coil type has a counter thrust and cannot produce strong thrust, and the linear step motor type cannot be machined. Since the accuracy is extremely required, there is a limit to the accuracy, and it is difficult to apply it as it is to other devices, it is heavy, and it has the disadvantages that a strong thrust cannot be obtained.

Previously, the applicant of the present invention filed numerous patent and utility model registration applications for the invention and design of a new type of DC linear motor in order to solve the drawbacks of the above-mentioned type of linear linear motor. The inventors manufactured a number of prototypes and confirmed the usefulness of the linear motor according to the application. Then, the flat linear near motor was developed to a cylindrical one, and the present applicant proposed a cylindrical drive device using a near motor as shown in Patent A36-132979.

First, this cylinder drive device will be explained using FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

This cylindrical body driving device 1 is configured such that either one of the inner cylindrical body 2 and the outer cylindrical body 3 that move relatively is moved to the fixed side, and the other cylinder is moved linearly, and the outer periphery of the inner cylindrical body 2 is A cylindrical field magnet 4 with magnetic poles (1) (p is a positive integer of 2 or more) having magnetic poles of N and S poles alternately along its longitudinal direction is fixedly attached to the inside of the outer cylindrical body 3. A drive coil 5 as shown in FIG.
The field magnet 4 and the drive coil 5 are configured to be fixedly installed, and the field magnet 4 and the drive coil 5 are relatively movable. 5c is a conductor portion that does not contribute to thrust, and 6 is a magnetoelectric conversion element such as a Hall element, which is disposed on the drive coil 5 side and used as a position detection element.

Cylindrical body drive device 1 configured in this way or using a near motor
can be usefully applied to various devices. However, since the drive coil 5 is shaped like a frame and bent into a cylindrical shape (see FIG. 2), the conductor portion 5C that does not contribute to the thrust is wasted. Particularly, since the weight and cost of the copper wire used as the conducting wire are proportional to each other, it is advantageous that the number of conductor portions 50 can be reduced or almost eliminated. For example, in order to obtain even stronger thrust, if the drive coils 5 are arranged in two stages, upper and lower, and one of the upper or lower drive coils 5 is arranged with a phase shift, it will contribute to the thrust. Since the thickness of the drive coil 5 increases due to the non-conductor portion 5c, the thickness of the inner cylinder 2 and the field magnet 4 increases by the thickness of the drive coil 5.
This increases the air gap between the two, which has the disadvantage that a correspondingly stronger thrust cannot be obtained.

The linear motor of the present invention is made based on the above circumstances.
conductor portion 5c' that does not contribute to the thrust of the drive coil.
(It is possible to eliminate almost all the parts that form i7, so that the drive coil 5 can be mass-produced at low cost, and furthermore, the drive coil 5 can be superimposed in two stages, upper and lower, with different phases, as in the past, Even if it is possible to achieve smooth propulsion and strong thrust, it is possible to achieve the same effect without actually superimposing the inner cylinder body 2.
This was done to avoid increasing the air gap between the magnetic field magnet 4 and the field magnet 4, and to obtain a strong thrust or to obtain a near motor. Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the description below.

Such an object of the present invention is to provide a p(p
is a positive integer of 2 or more), a pair of field magnets with the same poles are arranged opposite to each other with a gap, and a drive coil winding body is interposed in the gap formed by the pair of field magnets, Conductor portions contributing to the first and second thrusts are wound around the winding body at appropriate intervals, the first and second conductor portions are connected to form one drive coil, and the first and second conductor portions are connected to form one drive coil. One or more drive coils are equipped on the drive coil winding body, one of the pair of field magnets or the winding body equipped with the drive coil is a stator, and the other is a relative linear movement mechanism. This is achieved by providing a linear motor with all the features of a linear slider.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to ↑ of the drawings.

It is a diagram. The explanation will be made mainly with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

7 is a linear motor of the present invention; 8 and 9 are yokes made of magnetic material to form the main body of the linear motor 7; the yokes 8 and 9 form the linear motor main body in the form of a rectangular frame in vertical section; ing.

10.10' is a long plate-shaped field magnet fixed to each inner surface of the yoke 8.9, and this pair of field magnets 10.10' are arranged so that adjacent ones have different polarities. K(
They don't necessarily have to be close together.

P (p is a positive integer of 2 or more) poles having N poles and S poles alternately in the longitudinal direction (p is a positive integer of 2 or more) are arranged so that the same poles are aligned with each other. The field magnets 10 and 10' are multi-pole in FIG. 4.

11 is a gap formed by the field magnets 10 and 10', and 12 is a long plate-shaped drive coil winding body (fifth (see figure), 13.13' is a long plate-shaped insulating board (printed board) fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the winding body 12, 14
15° and 15' are printed conductors formed at appropriate locations on the board 13 and 13', 15 and 15' are guide rails fixed to the inner surfaces of the yokes 8 and 9, respectively, and 16 is a side surface of the winding body 12 ( .

The shaft 11 is rotatably fixed to the shaft 16 (not formed in the one shown in FIG. 5). 6), the first and second conductor portions 18'a, 18b are connected to each other in the field magneto)10.
m (m is a positive integer of 1 or more) times the magnetic pole of 10',
In this embodiment, m=1. That is, the field magnet 10
．． At a position separated in the longitudinal direction by the opening angle width of the magnetic poles of 10',
One drive coil 1st is formed by disposing and soldering to the terminal 18A of the first conductor part 18a and the terminal 18Bk printed conductor 14 of the second conductor part 18b. That is, the conductor portion 5C that does not contribute to the thrust as shown in FIG.
The printed conductor 14 will replace fL. Note that if there is no printed conductor 14, one conducting wire is sufficient. In this way, drive coil 5 (see Figure 2) and drive coil 18
(See Figures 4 and 6). In the case of this drive coil 18, the printed conductor 14 or one conductor is sufficient for the conductor portion 5C that does not contribute to the thrust. Therefore, if the drive coils 18 and 18 are Even if the positions are shifted and overlapped, since there is no conductor portion 5C that does not contribute to thrust like the drive coil 5, the two drive coils 18 and 18 are not substantially overlapped in front of the cloud. Therefore, the Ω air gap between the field magnet 1-10.10' and the main body 8.9 is shortened by the thickness of 18 drive coils, so it is 7m'J as shown in Figure 1. A linear motor having a stronger thrust than a linear motor can be obtained. The first conductor part 18a and the second conductor part 18b are wound in the same direction, and then the first conductor part 113a and the second conductor part 18b are connected by a conductive wire or a printed conductor 14. You can connect it. However, in order to make the linear motor of the present invention even more efficient, it is necessary to
8a and the second conductor portion 18b are preferably wound in opposite directions and connected in series to form 18 drive coils. In this case, the first conductor portion 18a
and the second conductor portion 18b are mutually connected to the field magnet) 1
It is convenient to form it at a position that is 2n-1 (n is a positive integer of 1 or more) times the magnetic pole width of 0.10'. Note that the drive coil 18 is constructed by winding the first conductor portion 18a and the second conductor portion 18b separately to form a conductor or a printed conductor 1.
4 may be connected, but for mass production it is desirable to wind them continuously. In the case of the drive coil 18 in which the first conductor part 18a and the second conductor part 18b are wound in the same direction, the conductive wire is wound in a cylindrical frame shape in cross-section in many turns to form the first conductor part 18a. , and then extend the conductive wire so that the magnetic pole of the field magnet 3 is m (m is a positive integer of 1 or more) times or 2n-1 (n is a positive integer of 1 or more)
The conductor is guided to a longitudinal position #tL by double the opening angle width (length), and at that position, the conductor is continuously wound in the full turn direction into a cylindrical frame shape in cross section to form the second conductor portion 18b'l. It is preferable to form one drive coil 18 by using the following steps. In the case of the drive coil 18 in which the first conductor part 18a and the second conductor part 18b are wound in opposite directions, the conductor wire is wound in a frame-like cross-sectional shape in a large number of turns to form the first conductor part 18a. 'i is formed, guided to a position in the longitudinal direction separated by (length), and at that position, the conductor # is continuously wound in the opposite direction into a cross-sectional frame shape with many turns to form a second conductor part 18bi. It is better to form all of the drive coils 18.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a position detection element, which is a magnetoelectric transducer such as a Hall element, and is disposed on the insulating substrate 13' between the conductor parts 18a and 18b. FIG. 7 shows a developed view of the field magnet 3 and the drive coils 18-1, 18-2. Referring to this developed view, on the conductor portion 18a or 18b that contributes to the thrust toward the magnetoelectric transducer 19-1°, that is, for example, the dotted line surrounding portion 20-1, 20-2
It is most desirable to place the However, the magnetoelectric conversion elements 19-1 and 19-2t have a disadvantage in that the air gap increases at such positions, making it impossible to obtain a strong thrust. Therefore, now, the magnetoelectric transducer 19-t't for the drive coil 18-1, the drive coil 18-1
The conductor portion 18a soil that contributes to the thrust of , that is, the dotted line surrounding portion 2
If it is placed at the o-1 position, this dotted line enclosure 2
Since o-1 corresponds to approximately the middle part of the N pole of field magnet 1'0' (10), Nti, which has an equal relationship with this,
The magnetoelectric transducer 1 is located between the conductor portions 18a and 18b that contributes to the thrust of the drive coil 18-2, which is the intermediate position of the drive coil 18-2.
9-1i are arranged as shown in FIG.

Also, a magnetoelectric transducer 19-2 for the drive coil 18-2.
'i, if it is arranged on the conductor part 18b that contributes to the thrust of the drive coil 18-2, that is, at the position of the dotted line enclosure part 20-2, this dotted line enclosure part 20-2 is a field magnet)
The magnetoelectric transducer is located at an intermediate position between the conductor parts 18a and 18b, which corresponds to the boundary between 10'(10)oNla and the S pole, and thus contributes to the thrust of the drive coil 18-1, which is in an equal relationship. 19-2 is installed.

In addition, in the linear motor of the present invention, the drive coil 18
A moving coil type linear motor or a moving field magnet type linear motor can be obtained by using either the side or the field magnet 10 or 10' side as a mover and the other as a stator. be. In order to make a moving coil type IJ near motor, it is necessary to use the winding body 12 as a mover and the yoke 8.9 side as a stator.

In addition, when using a moving coil type linear motor,
If the linear reciprocating distance is short, it is necessary to provide a slip ring rail including a power supply brush, or to move the field magnet 10.10' with the power cord. However, for long-distance linear reciprocation, it would be more desirable to use a straight magnet type linear motor in the moving world. That is,
In the moving field magnet type linear motor,
There is no movement of brushes, slip rings, or even power cords, making it suitable for long distance linear reciprocating motion. In order to make a moving field magnet type linear motor, as shown in FIG.
It is sufficient to use a full'i mover and a full stator on the drive coil 18 side.

FIG. 9 shows that the drive coils 18-1 and 18-2, the first conductor section 18a and the second conductor section 18b are superimposed with their phases shifted in the longitudinal direction of the winding body 12 so that they do not overlap with each other. This shows the case where they are arranged in a superimposed manner so that they do not overlap. The reason for this is that in order to obtain smooth and strong thrust, even if the drive coils are arranged with a phase shift of t, they will not overlap if they are not substantially overlapped. This is because it can be formed thinner, and thereby a stronger thrust can be obtained. As described above, the superimposed type linear motor that does not overlap has the effect that an unprecedented linear motor having smooth and strong thrust can be mass-produced at low cost.

FIG. 1O is a developed view of the drive coil 18 and field magnet in FIG. 2 is actually not superimposed.

The linear linear motor of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration and operates in the same way as conventional linear motors. However, in the present invention, compared to the conventional voice coil type linear motor, a strong thrust can be obtained with less reaction torque, and It enables long-distance linear reciprocating motion, does not require significant precision in machining like a linear step motor, and has simple control characteristics, and also reduces material costs. It has the effect of becoming a monkey. Furthermore, compared to the pouring near motor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 56-132979 previously submitted by the present applicant, almost all the conductor parts are configured to contribute to the thrust, so it can produce a strong thrust. In addition to being a linear motor that provides a linear motor that provides a large amount of force, the present invention also has the effect of reducing the cost of materials for the conductive wire forming the drive coil assembly because there are almost no conductor parts that do not contribute to thrust. Furthermore, since the drive coil of the present invention can be wound continuously, it has all the advantages of being suitable for mass production. Furthermore, in order to obtain smooth thrust and strong thrust, even if the armature coils are arranged with their phases completely shifted, it will be the same as if they were not substantially overlapped, so the thickness of the armature coil should be made thinner. This allows even stronger thrust to be obtained.

As described above, according to the linear motor of the present invention, an unprecedented linear motor having smooth and strong thrust can be mass-produced at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional linear motor provided by the applicant, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a drive coil winding body having a printed conductor for the linear motor shown in Fig. 7 is a developed view of the field magnet and drive coil, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are vertical sectional views showing the entire second and third embodiments of the present invention. , FIG. 1O is a developed view of the field magnet and drive coil in FIG. 9. 1... Cylinder drive device, 2... Inner cylinder, 3.
... Outer cylinder, 4... Field magnet, 5...
- Drive coils, 5a, 5b...conductor portions that contribute to thrust, 5c...conductor portions that do not contribute to thrust, 6...
・Magnetoelectric conversion element. 7...Linear motor, 8.9...Yoke,
to. 10'... Field magnet, 11... Gap,
12... Drive coil wrapping body, 13.13'.
...Insulating board (printed circuit board), 14...Printed conductor, 15°15'...Guide rail, 1
6... Axis element, 17... Guide ball, 18
... Drive coil, 18a... Conductor portion contributing to the -th thrust, 1st b... Conductor portion rich in the second thrust, 19... Position detection element. Patent Applicant Procedural Amendment (Spontaneous) February 22, 1980 Kazuo Wakasugi, Commissioner of the Patent Office 1, Indication of Case Patent Application No. 112534/1982 2, Title of Invention Linear Motor 3, Person Making Amendment Case Relationship with Patent applicant 5, the drawing to be amended 6, and the content of the amendment, Figure 9, are corrected as shown in the attached sheet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. P having N and S magnetic poles alternately in the longitudinal direction so that adjacent magnetic poles have different poles (p is a positive integer of 2 or more)
A pair of field magnets having the same poles are arranged opposite to each other with a gap between them, and a drive coil winding body is interposed in the gap t' formed by the pair of field magnets so as to be able to freely run linearly. A conductor portion that contributes to the first and second thrusts is wound around the winding body with an appropriate gap, and the winding body forms the first and second thrusts, and includes the drive coil. A linear motor, characterized in that one of the pair of field magnets or the winding body equipped with a drive coil is a full stator, and the other is a relative linear movator □. . 2. The first conductor part and the second conductor part forming the above-mentioned - number of drive coils have a width m (m) of the magnetic pole width of the field magnet.
2. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein the linear motors are arranged in the longitudinal direction apart from each other by an opening angle width (a positive integer of 1 or more). 3. The first conductor part and the second conductor part forming all of the above-mentioned drive coils are mutually located at two of the magnetic poles of the field magnet.
3. The linear motor according to claim 2, wherein the linear motors are arranged in the longitudinal direction apart from each other by an opening angle width of n-1 (n is a positive integer of 1 or more). 4. A patent claim characterized in that the first conductor part and the second conductor part constituting the - number of drive coils are wound in opposite directions and connected in series. The linear motor according to any one of the ranges 1 to 31. 5. Two or more of the drive coils are arranged in a superimposed manner so that the first and second conductor parts do not overlap each other by shifting the phase in the longitudinal direction of the drive coil winding body. A linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: 6. The linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drive coil wrapping body having the drive coil has a printed wiring board disposed at an appropriate location. 7 The drive coil side must have a position detection element.
A linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. The linear motor according to claim 6, wherein the position detection element is a magnetoelectric conversion element.