JPS59126752A - Ferrous sliding material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a ferrous sliding material which has excellent resistance to wear and seizure and has high mechanical strength by constituting said material of a sintered alloy contg. a solid soln. type TiC-TiN at a prescribed ratio and consisting of the balance substantially Fe particles. CONSTITUTION:A ferrous sliding material is constituted of a sintered alloy contg. 5-50% solid soln. type TiC-TiN particles and consisting of the balance substantially iron particles. The molar ratio of TiC and TiN in the above-described solid soln. type Ti compd. is preferably in a range of 7:3-3:7. Such ferrous sliding material provides the better performance as the content of Si in, for example, an A alloy to be used as the mating material for the same is higher. The content of Si therein is generally 12-25%. The sliding material is preferably incorporated therein with >=1 kind among C, Mo, Ni, Cr and Mn at 0.1-10% basing on Fe in order to strengthen the mechanical characteristic of the iron matrix thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Technical Field The present invention relates to iron-based sliding materials, which are used in reeds, more specifically swash plate compressors, etc.
This invention relates to a ferrous sliding material that can be slid on an iron alloy or an aluminum alloy.

(2) Description of the Prior Art A swash plate compressor generally includes a swash plate fixed to a rotating shaft at a fixed angle, a piston fitted in a cylinder provided parallel to the rotating shaft, and a piston fitted in a cylinder provided parallel to the rotating shaft. A sliding mechanism generally called a shoe is disposed between the swash plate and the piston, and the piston is reciprocated by rotation of the swash plate, and the medium is introduced into the cylinder and compressed. It is configured as follows.

Conventionally, carbon steel or iron alloys such as spheroidal graphite cast iron have been used for the swash plate of swash plate type compressors and surfers. If the shoes that slide against this swash plate are made of the same type of iron alloy, the drawbacks of the same type of material combination will be directly exposed, and unless the sliding conditions are maintained very well, they will easily burn out. The problem was that accidents could occur. Therefore, in swash plate type compressors, iron alloy shoes have not been commonly used, and copper alloy or aluminum alloy shoes are used. This was limited only to cases where the sliding conditions were gentle.

As swash plate compressors become lighter and more efficient, aluminum alloys are being used instead of conventional iron alloys for the swash plate. Research is being actively conducted.

The swash plate of the swash plate type compressor must not be subject to excessive wear by the shoes, so an aluminum alloy containing about 17% silicon is usually used. In such aluminum alloys, silicon is precipitated in the form of primary crystals 81, and since the hardness of this primary crystal S1 is very high,
Conventionally, materials such as structural alloy steel such as 545C or carbon tool steel have been hardened to provide sufficient hardness and wear resistance against primary crystal s1 as sliding mating materials.

In general, the frictional properties of steel materials are greatly affected by their hardening element composition, so the inventors have also investigated iron-based sliding materials with alloying element additives or hard particles such as TIC dispersed therein. However, it has been found that the addition of the above-mentioned alloying elements is not always sufficient to improve the properties of a material that slides on a high silicon content aluminum alloy. That is, there is a limit to the hardness that can be obtained by adding a hardening element to the steel material, and therefore sufficient wear resistance cannot be achieved for the primary crystal S1 in the aluminum alloy. On the other hand, the shoe that disperses hard particles such as TIC is made of aluminum alloy.
It has been found that there is a strong tendency for the wax to adhere to the wax, and although high hardness can be obtained, there is a problem in that the wax sticks to the swash plate. In other words, generally speaking, silicon-containing aluminum alloys have a tendency to adhere to other materials due to the soft nature of aluminum itself, and at the same time, because they have primary crystals S1, which are extremely hard, dispersed. Conventional iron-based sliding materials have been unable to meet these contradictory properties and achieve high levels of wear resistance and seizure resistance. .

The explanation above has mainly been given using the shoe of a swash plate compressor as an example, but there is a limit to the improvement of sliding characteristics by conventional methods such as adding alloying elements or dispersing hard particles. The problem of not being able to provide iron-based sliding materials with excellent performance suitable for sliding conditions also exists for rocker arm bases, thrust stops, valve stem guides, valve seats, and the like.

(3) Purpose of the Invention The present invention provides an iron-based sliding material that has excellent wear resistance and seizure resistance required for shoes of swash plate compressors and other sliding members, and also has high mechanical strength. The purpose is to provide materials.

(4) Structure of the Invention According to the present invention, an iron-based sliding material is provided which is composed of a sintered alloy containing 5 to 50% of solid solution TIC-TIN particles and the remainder being substantially iron particles. Ru.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

One feature of the present invention is the use of solid solution WTiN-Tic particles. It is well known that Tic is used as a component of iron-based sintered materials, but iron-based sintered alloys containing Tie as one component do not coagulate with the high-silicon-containing aluminum alloy or iron alloy that is the counterpart material. There is a noticeable tendency for the paint to stick, and the seizure resistance deteriorates.

On the other hand, since TIN particles do not have good affinity with iron powder, the strength of the sintered body is insufficient. Therefore, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved by using a mixture of TIC and TIN as a component of an iron-based sliding material. On the other hand, according to the inventor's actual song, Tic
The use of solid solution type TlN-TiC particles (hereinafter referred to as solid solution type T1 compound) in which TiN and TiN are dissolved in solid solution allows extremely high hardness and high-silicon aluminum alloy matrices, waxes or It has been found that non-adhesion to iron alloys can be achieved at the same time.

Another feature of the present invention is that 5 to 50 Ti of the solid solution type Ti compound,
Preferably, 10 to 45 inches (hereinafter, percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified) are contained and dispersed in the whole. If the amount of the solid solution type T1 compound is less than 5-, the anti-seizure performance of the iron-based sliding material will be extremely deteriorated,
On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 inches, its mechanical strength deteriorates. However, if low mechanical strength is acceptable, the amount of the solid solution type T1 compound may be up to 80 inches. Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

The molar ratio of Tic to TiN in the solid solution fiTl compound of the present invention is preferably in the range of 7:3 to 3. Such a solid solution Ti compound may be commercially available. Note that a high TIC molar ratio in the solid solution fiTi compound increases the strength of the iron-based sliding material, while an increased TIN molar ratio improves seizure resistance.
: It is necessary to adjust the TIN molar ratio.

The higher the silicon content of the aluminum alloy used as a mating material for the iron-based sliding material of the present invention, the better the performance of the material of the present invention will be exhibited. Its silicon content is generally 12~
It is 25 chi. In addition to silicon, this aluminum alloy may of course contain a small amount of alloying elements such as copper and magnesium depending on the purpose.

Iron alloys used as a mating material for the iron-based sliding material of the present invention include carbon steel, alloy steel, ordinary cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron, and the like. In this case, since the solid solution type Ti compound greatly reduces the tendency of adhesion with the mating material, it is a great advantage that the sliding conditions do not need to be designed to be particularly gentle when sliding on the same type of metal.

Furthermore, due to the hardness of TIC, sliding materials such as apex seals that slide between sintered materials containing Fe and Tie (for example, sample material A11 in Table 1 below) and special cast iron are made of special cast iron. There are problems such as wear 9 and linear scratches that may lead to seizure. When a material made of such an iron alloy is used as a mating material and is allowed to slide with the iron-based sliding material of the present invention, the seizure load can be improved without causing roughness or wear on the sliding surface.

Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to strengthen the mechanical properties of the iron matrix of the sliding material, carbon, molybdenum, nickel,
At least one of chromium and manganese is 0.0% relative to iron.
It is preferable to contain 1 to 10 pieces. These carbons are usually added to iron powder in the form of powders such as carbon powder or molybdenum powder, and are diffused into the IJ wax during sintering to strengthen the mechanical properties of the sintered alloy. Seizure resistance performance is also slightly improved. Next, a preferred method of manufacturing the iron-based sliding material of the present invention will be described.

5-7t/crn2 of raw material powder mixed to a predetermined composition
The powder is compacted at a pressure of 1.100 to 13.00.
Sinter at '°C for 15-60 minutes. At these sintering temperatures and conditions, the sintered body has a moderate proportion of pores.
For example, 7 to 20 volume holes are expected to act as lubricating oil supply locations. Furthermore, by controlling the powder pressure, sintering temperature and time, the void porosity at a depth of 11 Trmt from the surface of the sliding material was set to 7 to 20 volume,
Moreover, the porosity can be further reduced by using a thick part.

This has the advantage of improving mechanical strength as a sliding material. An example of a method for manufacturing sliding materials is a sintering atmosphere in which the sliding materials manufactured by the above method are heated to 900 to 1050 degrees and a pressure of 0.1 to 1 t/F7+2 is applied. It is necessary to use a ring element atmosphere such as hydrogen or a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as nitrogen.

The particle size of the metal powder in the raw material powder is preferably 1100 mm, and the particle size of the solid solution type T1 compound is preferably 1350 mm. The particle size of these powders hardly changes even after sintering, and the particle size of the product can be regarded as the same as the particle size of the raw material powder.

(5) Examples In the following examples, the seizure load was measured under the following condition A.

Condition A Continued for 15 minutes (3) Lubricating oil: Mixed oil of 1 volume of refrigeration oil and 9 volumes of light oil (4) Lubricating oil: Felt coating Q, 8cc 7 minutes (5) Compatible material test piece: At-16* 5i -4% Cu
, a disk with a straightness of 1 micron or less and a roughness of 0.4 to 0.68.The impact value was measured using a test piece without a notch of j010X10X60- according to a test method based on JIS Z2242.

Example 1 In this example, industrial pure iron powder containing 60 or less solid solution T1 compounds was used as the raw material powder, and the powder was compacted at a pressure of 5 tons/an2, and then sintered at 1200°C for 30 minutes. I did it. The iron-based sintered alloy obtained by this sintering was processed into test pieces, and the seizure load and impact value were measured. The results are shown in FIG. From Figure 1, the amount of solid solution type T1 compound is 5~
It can be seen that preferable characteristics can be obtained at 50 inches. Further, more preferable characteristics can be obtained when the amount of the solid solution type T1 compound is 20 to 40. Furthermore, it is noted from FIG. 1 that the material containing 60-60% of the solid solution type TI compound has extremely high seizure resistance despite the decrease in impact value. However, when the impact value was as low as 0.2, 9-m1α, cracking occurred frequently under heavy load conditions in the root test of the swash plate compressor.

Example 2 In this example, the seizure load and impact value were measured for iron-based sintered alloys having the compositions shown in Table 1. However, in the table, At type refers to the case where the aluminum alloy of the above condition A is used as the counterpart material test piece], and Fs type refers to the case where spheroidal graphite cast iron is used as the counterpart material test piece instead of the aluminum alloy. be.

In Table 1 below, test materials All, 12 and 13 are comparative examples using hard particles of Tic and/or TIN.
When the mixed powder is bound, there is a strong tendency for it to adhere to the mating material, and the seizure load is reduced. Furthermore, when Ti1 is made into hard particles, the affinity with iron powder deteriorates and the impact value decreases significantly. Further, when both Tie and TIN are made of hard particles, the seizure load becomes good, but the impact value inevitably decreases. On the other hand, the test material of the present invention has good seizure load and impact value.

Comparing the cases where the counterpart materials of the test material of the present invention are spheroidal graphite cast iron and aluminum alloy, the former has a lower seizure load, but a considerably higher seizure load can be obtained by increasing the amount of the solid solution type T1 compound. It is noteworthy that Next, looking at the effects of alloying elements such as carbon, nickel, molybdenum, chromium and manganese, these significantly increase both the seizure load and the impact value. In addition, the molar ratio of TiN and TIC in the solid solution type T1 compound in the table is 50.
:50.

(6) Effect The iron-based sliding material of the present invention has Tic and/or TIN hardness,
Comparing with the sliding material in which quality particles are dispersed, the mating material 1
As a result, the seizure load is significantly increased and the impact value is significantly improved.

Therefore, according to the present invention, excellent performance can be achieved that is suitable for sliding mechanisms whose sliding conditions are extremely severe depending on the material of the mating member or the lubrication conditions.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a graph showing the influence of the amount of solid solution type T1 compound on seizure load and impact value. Patent applicant Taitoyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Special fraud application agent Patent attorney Akira Aoki Patent attorney Kazuyuki Nishidate Patent attorney Takuo Murai Patent attorney Akira Yamaguchi

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An iron-based sliding material composed of a sintered alloy containing 5 to 50 solid solution temperature TIC-TIN particles, with the remainder essentially consisting of iron particles. 2. The iron-based sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of TIC to TIN in the Tic-TIN particles is in the range of 3 to 7:3. 3. The iron-based sliding material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.1 to 10 g of at least one of carbon, sorizodene, chloride, chromium, and manganese based on the iron base. material. 4. The iron-based sliding material according to claim 1, which contains 7 to 20 pores in volume.