JPS584481Y2 - ナイシキヨウシヤヘンカンコウガクケイ - Google Patents

ナイシキヨウシヤヘンカンコウガクケイ

Info

Publication number
JPS584481Y2
JPS584481Y2 JP1973074067U JP7406773U JPS584481Y2 JP S584481 Y2 JPS584481 Y2 JP S584481Y2 JP 1973074067 U JP1973074067 U JP 1973074067U JP 7406773 U JP7406773 U JP 7406773U JP S584481 Y2 JPS584481 Y2 JP S584481Y2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
prism
optical system
endoscope
rotating prism
rotating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP1973074067U
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS5022038U (ja
Inventor
克之 金平
伸夫 山下
Original Assignee
オリンパス光学工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by オリンパス光学工業株式会社 filed Critical オリンパス光学工業株式会社
Priority to JP1973074067U priority Critical patent/JPS584481Y2/ja
Priority to DE19742430148 priority patent/DE2430148C3/de
Publication of JPS5022038U publication Critical patent/JPS5022038U/ja
Priority to US05/857,991 priority patent/US4140364A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JPS584481Y2 publication Critical patent/JPS584481Y2/ja
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00165—Optical arrangements with light-conductive means, e.g. fibre optics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00174—Optical arrangements characterised by the viewing angles
    • A61B1/00183—Optical arrangements characterised by the viewing angles for variable viewing angles

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本願の考案は体腔内又は工業分野における管内等の観察
用として用いられるフレキシブルな繊維光学系を有する
内視鏡の光学系に関するものである。
例えば胃、食道用等の医科用の軟性内視鏡においては、
先端部の軸方向に沿って真直に観察方向を有する直視式
と、軸方向に対して直角方向に観察方向を有する側視式
等があり、夫々長所と欠点を有するものである。
つまり食道等の細い管状のものを観察する場合には、観
察視野が狭くなるばかりか、レンズと物体間の距離が短
かいために必要な光路長を確保出来ず、使用困難をきた
すことすらある。
しかるに直視式では比較的遠方から近いところまで観察
することができる。
一方胃等の内腔が広く袋状の場所を観察する場合には側
視式によれば側壁をすみずみまで観察することが出来る
ので一般に側視式が利用されている。
このために観察する個所に応じて側視式と直視式とを使
いわけているのが普通である。
ところで例えば−人の患者で食道と胃とを同時に観察し
たい場合には上述の二つの方式のものを取替え使用しな
ければならず不便であるのみならず、被検者である患者
の苦痛は非常に大きい。
このような問題を解決するために側視と直視とを兼用さ
せるものが考えられている。
即ちその一例を示せば第１図に示すように内視鏡の先端
にミラー１を配置し、これを切替えることによって実線
で示すような側視と、点線で示すような直視を行うよう
にしたものや第２図に示すようにミラー１を連続的に回
転させるようにしたもの等である。
しかるに前者の方法では像の反転の問題がおこり、又後
者の方法では像の反転の問題はおこらず、又観察方向を
連続的に変化させることが出来る等の利点は有するもの
の、完全な直視は出来ず又反射鏡を大型なものにしなけ
ればならない欠点を有している。
本考案は上記の諸点に鑑み側視から直視まで連続的に観
察できてしかも小型に構成し得る内視鏡視野変換光学系
を提供するものである。
以下図面にもとづき本考案光学系の具体的な構成を説明
すると第３図において１０は内視鏡の先端部である硬性
部、１１はカバーガラス、１２は回転プリズム、１３は
固定プリズム、１４は対物レンズ、１５はイメージファ
イバー、１６は明るさ絞りである。
こ・で゛回転プリズム１２は４５°直角プリズムでその
面１２ ａの中心位置１２ ｂを中心として図面矢印方
向に回転し得るようにしである。
以上の光学系において被検物体よりの光はカバーカ゛ラ
ス１１を通して入射し、回転プリズム１２の面１２ ａ
にて反射され更に固定プリズム１３の面１３ａにて反射
された後に対物レンズ１４にてイメージファイバー１５
の端面１５ａ上に結像する。
令弟３図には斜め４５゜の方向を観察する配置が示され
ているが、回転プリズム丁２をその回転軸１２ ｂのま
わりに回転させて行けば観察方向は連続的に変化して行
くことは明らかである。
第４図には回転プリズムを回転させて側視及び直視の観
察方向に位置させた場合が示してあり、第４図Ａは側視
の場合、同Ｂは直視の場合である。
尚固定プリズム１３はその入射面１３ｂ及び射出面１３
Ｃに常に主光線が垂直になるような配置にしてあり、
この固定プリズムに入射する主光線はその延長方向（図
面で入射方向と逆方向への）が回転プリズムの回転軸と
常に交わるようになっている。
第５図は本考案の他の実施例を示すもので対物レンズ１
４を固定プリズムの両側に１４ａ及び１４ｂのように配
置したもので、この場合には二つのレンズ１４ａ及び１
４ｂを固定プリズム１３に密接配置する構成とすること
が出来る。
又第６図は本考案の第３の実施例が示されている。
この実施例は固定プリズム１３の形状を変化させて、そ
の射出側の面に屈折作用をもたせたもので、つまり主光
線に対して垂直でなく傾斜させ配置しである。
したがって第３図等より明らかなように、前述の二つの
実施例の場合にはイメージファイバーの対物レンズ側の
端部を多少上に向けて傾斜させる必要があったものがこ
の第６図に示す実施例ではその必要がない。
次に本考案の光学系を用いて、回転プリズム１２を回転
させ観察方向を変化させた際の回転プリズム１２の入射
面１２ｂに対する主光線の入射位置の変化について考え
る。
第７図において回転プリズムをθだけ回転させた時の主
光線の入射位置をＸとし、又中心位置からのずれの量を
△Ｘとするとにて表わすことが出来る。
この式にもとづきθに対する入射位置のずれ△Ｘの値を
示したのが第８図で、この図ではプリズムの屈折率が１
．８４７７６の場合が示しである。
尚横軸は４５°＋２θの値が又縦軸は△Ｘが示しである
。
この図から明らかなように側視即ち９０°（θ＝２２゜
５°の場合）から直視即ち０°（θ＝−２２，５°）ま
での間での入射位置のずれはほんの僅かな値にすぎない
ものである。
以上説明したように本考案の内視鏡視野変換光学系は単
に回転プリズムと固定プリズムとを組合せ配置したにす
ぎない簡単な構成であって、しがも側視から直視までの
広い範囲にわたって像の反転の問題なども生じない極め
て良好な観察が可能である。
しかも反射鏡としてプリズムの全反射面を利用している
ので、プリズムの屈折作用によって大きな反射面を必要
とせず、又第８図に示すように観察方向を変化させた際
の回転プリズムの反射面での主光線の位置のずれは極め
て僅少であること等から、各光学系素子は小型ですむ。
更に固定プリズムへ入射する主光線は常に回転プリズム
の回転軸を通る一直線に一致することもあって良好な観
察が可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図及び第２図は内視鏡視野変換光学系の従来例を示
す図、第３図は本考案の光学系を示す図、第４図は第３
図に示す光学系の側視及び直視の場合を示す図、第５図
及び第６図は本考案の他の実施例を示す図、第７図は本
考案光学系の回転プリズムの回転角に対する主光線のず
れの量を説明するための図、第８図は上記回転角と主光
線のずれの量との関係を示すグラフである。

Claims (1)

    【実用新案登録請求の範囲】
  1. 内視鏡先端部に設けた内視鏡視野変換光学系において、
    反射面内の軸を中心に回転し得るように配置した１個の
    回転プリズムと、前記回転プリズムからの光束を反射し
    得るように前記回転プリズムに隣接して配置した固定プ
    リズムと、前記回転プリズムと前記固定プリズムとの間
    に配置した絞りと、像を伝達するためのイメージガイド
    と前記固定プリズムとの間に配置した対物レンズとを具
    備し、前記回転プリズムの回転によって側視から直視ま
    での観察方向を連続的に変化し得るようにした内視鏡視
    野変換光学系。
JP1973074067U 1973-06-23 1973-06-23 ナイシキヨウシヤヘンカンコウガクケイ Expired JPS584481Y2 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1973074067U JPS584481Y2 (ja) 1973-06-23 1973-06-23 ナイシキヨウシヤヘンカンコウガクケイ
DE19742430148 DE2430148C3 (de) 1973-06-23 1974-06-24 Endoskop mit zwischen Geradsicht und Seitensicht veränderlicher Blickrichtung, bei welchem ein Faserbündel zur Übertragung des mittels eines Objektivs auf sein Ende fokussierten Bildes dient
US05/857,991 US4140364A (en) 1973-06-23 1977-12-05 Variable field optical system for endoscopes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1973074067U JPS584481Y2 (ja) 1973-06-23 1973-06-23 ナイシキヨウシヤヘンカンコウガクケイ

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5022038U JPS5022038U (ja) 1975-03-12
JPS584481Y2 true JPS584481Y2 (ja) 1983-01-26

Family

ID=13536457

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1973074067U Expired JPS584481Y2 (ja) 1973-06-23 1973-06-23 ナイシキヨウシヤヘンカンコウガクケイ

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US4140364A (ja)
JP (1) JPS584481Y2 (ja)

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JPS5022038U (ja) 1975-03-12
US4140364A (en) 1979-02-20
DE2430148B2 (de) 1976-08-05
DE2430148A1 (de) 1975-01-09

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