JPH113568A - Disk, discriminating method and device thereof and reproducing device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent fraudulent copying by satisfactorily discriminating it and to realize the firm security by the various security information while being able to cope with by the simple equipment. SOLUTION: Plural errors 20 are recorded in the data region 14. The errors 20 include long errors 20L, medium errors 20M and short errors 20S. The contents of these errors 20 are recorded on the read-in area 12 as a table 22 for an error map and a table 24 for the number of errors, thereby the contents of the errors are managed. When the disk is copied, a part of the errors 20 is corrected and the number of them is decreased, but the error tables 22, 24 are copied as they are. Therefore, the number of errors becomes different from the contents of the tables, and the disk is thereby discriminated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disc, an identification method thereof, an identification device thereof, and a playback device thereof, and more particularly, to an optical disk storing software for a TV game, and a copy security suitable for identification and playback thereof. This is related to improvements to

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Software products such as audio software, video software, and computer programs are used for copying various recording media, for example, copying to a flexible disk and copying to a hard disk of a personal computer.
Alternatively, it has the characteristic that it can be easily modified and copyright infringement is likely to occur. At present, many illegally copied products are rampant, especially in application software such as games.

[0003] For this reason, measures for preventing unauthorized copying have been taken on media for software products, and a number of techniques for preventing unauthorized copying have been proposed. These methods can be roughly classified into a logical method for identifying an illegal copy in a signal manner and a physical method for identifying an illegal copy in a physical form. In either case, the basic idea is to record some unique code logically or physically on the medium itself or outside the medium, and by reading this, an unauthorized copy is identified. For example, a unique code that cannot be copied is recorded on a recording medium. Even if you can copy the main information such as audio / video and programs that are the original information,
The unique code part is not copied. Therefore, if the unique code portion is decoded at the time of reproduction, it is possible to discriminate an illegally copied product from a genuine product based on the presence or absence of the decoding. In general, physical methods that require significant equipment
It is more effective than a logical method that can be handled with simple equipment.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-282931 discloses that an ID program of a CD-ROM to be reproduced is read from an application program in the CD-ROM and the ID data of a CD-ROM set in a reproducing apparatus is read.
A CD-ROM playback device is disclosed which executes the application program when a match is found. CD data that cannot be copied is CD
-A catalog number recorded in a ROM or a character string such as "ABC" recorded in a specific file on a CD-ROM is used.

Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 62-97104 discloses a copy protection method in which the unique code is used as a reading error. A logical method using such an error is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-2351.
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 30. In this case, a digitally unreadable error area is formed in the data reading area of the recording medium, and if a reading error due to this is not obtained, it is assumed that the copy is illegal. Also, JP-A-8-129
No. 828 discloses a data recording method in which a logical level of a data string is locally inverted during recording to intentionally form a bit error.

Further, as a physical method utilizing an error, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-258462 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-121
No. 907 is disclosed. JP-A-5-25
No. 8462 discloses a copy prevention method in which a magnetically defective portion is provided in an unused sector of a floppy disk in advance, and the defective portion is read when the OS is started. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-121907 discloses an optical disc and a check apparatus for discriminating a disc by performing a physical pit operation of forming a flaw pit, and identifying the disc by the presence or absence of the flaw pit. Since the wound pits are physically recorded on the disk, the normal pit cannot reproduce the wound pits and therefore cannot make a copy.

[0007] Optical disks generally have a high error rate. For this reason, a large number of error correction areas are provided, and thereby powerful error correction is performed. Here, although it differs depending on the correction code system and the size of the error correction area, complete correction is performed if the length of the error data is small to some extent. However, it is known that if the data length is large, the probability of erroneous correction gradually increases, and eventually the correction becomes impossible.
The example of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-121907 has an object that the data length is large and the reproduction itself is stopped.

Regardless of the logical method or the physical method, where and what value these errors are recorded is separately collected in any area. For example,
JP-A-62-97104, JP-A-5-12808,
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-57375, such error information is recorded in an area other than a normal management area, or in a free area that can be used freely by a disc producer.

[0009]

By the way, in order to prevent illegal copying, consideration must be given from the following viewpoints. (1) As a basic function of security information recording, it is preferable that security information is not output as main information and cannot be found from outside. That is, data that is invisible from the outside of the disk data signal processing device, or data that is insignificant when viewed from the bus or OS level outside the device such as SCSI is recorded on the disk as security data, and the main information processing device Prevent output.

(2) Even if an illegally copied disk is manufactured based on the main information data output from the disk processing device, the security information is not duplicated. Further, the security information can be reliably read by an authorized processing device, and the reproduction process can be performed normally.

(3) Although it is not essential, it is preferable to comply with the physical standards of the disk and maintain the compatibility in the standard, since the possibility of using the disk as a disk resource such as the use of a manufacturing apparatus is increased. For example, CD-ROM of CD players and personal computers
Compatibility is maintained by adopting a standard similar to the physical standard of a disk corresponding to a drive or the like.

(4) In order to strengthen security, it is advantageous to be able to compose a wide variety and variety of security information.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to satisfactorily identify and prevent unauthorized copying, to cope with simple facilities, and to maintain compatibility. It is. Another object is to realize strong security by various security information.

[0014]

To achieve the above object, a disk according to the present invention is a disk (10) including a main information area (14) and an information management area (12), wherein Various types of error data (20) are recorded in a plurality of sectors (a, b, c, 30 to 34), and the contents of these error data are stored in an error table (22, 2) in the information management area.
It is described as 4). In the main mode, the error data includes a plurality of error data (20L, 20M, 20S) having different lengths.

The disk identification method of the present invention is characterized in that error data corresponding to the contents of the error table is read, and a disk is identified by comparing the read result with the contents of the error table. . A disk identification device comprising: memory means (66) for storing the contents of the error table; table reading means (50, 5) for reading the error table and storing the error table in the memory means;
Error reading means (50, 54) for reading the corresponding error data by referring to the error table stored in the memory means; and the read result and the result stored in the memory means. Identification means (64) for identifying the disk by comparing the information with the description information of the error table. According to a main mode, the identification means includes a counting means (64L, 64M, 64S) for counting the number of errors read by the error reading means for each type.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disc reproducing apparatus including the discriminating apparatus, wherein the discriminating means is provided with an exclusion means (64, 76) for excluding the disc when the disc is identified as an unauthorized copy. It is characterized by.

According to the present invention, error data that intentionally causes an error is recorded in the main information area. At this time, for example, various types of errors whose lengths are changed are used. The contents of these errors are recorded in the information management area as an error table. When a disc is copied, short errors are almost corrected but not as long as long errors. Therefore, the number of errors changes before and after copying. However, since the error table is copied as it is, the content of the error table differs from the number of errors. Using this relationship, a genuine product and a copy product are identified. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. First, an example of a physical track configuration of an optical disk will be described with reference to FIG. 2 to facilitate understanding of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows an example of an optical disk having a structure in which data blocks are divided into sectors. The pit row is formed in a spiral or concentric shape on the disk 10. The inner peripheral side of the pit row is a lead-in (directory) area 12, the outer peripheral side is a lead-out area 16, and an intermediate portion between them is a data area 14.

FIG. 2B shows the sectors in these areas. In this example, the sectors No. a and b are the lead-in area 12. The sectors NO.c to d are the data area 14, and the sectors NO.e to f are the lead-out area 16. Each area is a set of physical sectors, and the physical sectors are continuous from the lead-in area 12 to the lead-out area 16 and the sector N
O. is also continuous. Each sector includes a header section SA, a main data section SB, and an error correction section SC, for example, as shown in FIG. In the header SA, a sector number (sector No.), information attributes such as data and audio, and the like are recorded. User data is recorded in the main data section SB. In the error correction section SC, codes for correcting errors in the header section SA and the main data section SB are recorded.

The lead-in area 12 records physical layer management information of the disk, for example, whether it is read-only, whether it is rewritable, the starting sector number of user data, and the like. That is, most of the information is the entire disc information and does not depend on user data. The lead-in area 12 has, in addition to the above information, an undefined blank area that the disc producer can use freely.
The data area 14 is an area mainly used by the user, and stores, for example, user data, game programs, and the like. In the lead-out area 16, silence data and the like are recorded. The lead-out area 16 indicates the end of the data, and is a blank area from the end of the data recording area to the outermost periphery of the disk.

FIG. 1 shows an error arrangement according to this embodiment. This embodiment is a disk identification method belonging to a logical method, and peculiar error data in which an error occurs intentionally is recorded in original data. In the figure,
In the data area 14, a plurality of errors 20 are recorded. Error 20 includes a relatively long error (long error)
20L, a medium length error (medium error) 20M, and a relatively short error (short error) 20S. The contents of these errors 20 are recorded in the lead-in area 12 as an error map table 22 and an error number table 24, and error contents are managed by these.

FIG. 3A shows an error map table 22.
An example is shown. The uppermost row of the table in FIG. 7 is the address “A” of the sector with the number “a” in the data area 14.
"a" indicates that an error "000000" having a data length of "L" is intentionally recorded. The second row indicates that an error “0000” having a data length of “M” is intentionally recorded at the address “Ab” of the sector with the number “b” in the data area 14. The third row next to the address “Ac” of the sector with the number “c” in the data area 14 contains an error “00” with a data length of “S”.
Is intentionally recorded. In the fourth row, the error “00” having the data length “L” is added to the address “Ad” of the sector with the number “d” in the data area 14.
0000 "is intentionally recorded.

FIG. 3B shows a state of a corresponding sector in the data area 14. As shown in the figure, in the sector a (sector of the number a), a long error 20L is recorded at the address Aa. In the sector b, a medium error 20M is recorded at the address Ab. In the sector c, a short error 20S is recorded at the address Ac. In this example, the long error is "000000",
The medium error is “0000” and the short error is “00”. However, if the data is an error if read as it is, the entity may not be an array of consecutive “0”.

FIG. 3C shows an error number table 24.
An example is shown. In the example shown in the figure, the length error 20L of the data length L is "x", and the medium error 20M of the data length M is 20M.
Are "y" and the short errors 20S of the data length S are "z". These x, y, and z error data are recorded in the data area 14, respectively. The number of errors x, y, z for each error length is, for example, as shown in the graph of FIG. In this example, the long error 20L is the smallest and the short error 20S is the largest. This is because the longer the error length is, the more the correction becomes impossible and there is a risk that the reproduction operation is stopped, but if the error length is short, the error is easily corrected.

The above two tables 22 and 24 are recorded by using an area which can be freely used by the disc producer, for example, a blank area in the lead-in area 12 which is not defined by the disc standard.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the situation when the above-described disc of the present embodiment is copied will be described.
FIG. 7A shows the sector configuration of the disk according to the above-described embodiment, and FIG. 7B shows the sector configuration of the disk obtained by copying FIG. First, referring to FIG.
Error map table 22 and error number table 24
Are recorded in the lead-in area 12 as described above. A file F1 is recorded in the sectors 30 and 31, and a file F2 is recorded in the sectors 33 and. Then, these file managed sectors 3
Between 1 and 33, there is an error sector 32 in which error data is intentionally recorded. An error 36 exists at the address An of the error sector 32. As described above, the error sector 32 is at a position outside the management of the file.
This is to prevent the entire file from becoming an error during reproduction and stopping the reproduction operation itself.

When a disk having such a sector configuration is copied, the result is as shown in FIG. Error sector 3
The error data 36 in 2 differs in the correction processing at the time of copying depending on its length. First, when the error data 36 has a short error length, it is almost completely corrected and copied. When the error length is medium, many are corrected but some are erroneously corrected and copied. When the error length is long, most of the data remains uncorrectable and is copied as it is, or other data is copied without recording an error. Therefore, the number distribution of errors after the disk is copied changes, and the total number of errors decreases.
FIG. 4B shows this state. In this example,
Many long errors remain, medium errors a little, and short errors are completely corrected.

On the other hand, since there is no error in the error map table 22 and the error number table 24 in the lead-in area 12, all the tables are copied as they are. That is, the contents of those tables do not change before and after copying. Therefore, the reproducing apparatus reads, for example, the number of errors from the disk and checks the contents of the table. Then, a reference value for the number of errors is provided, and if there is no error exceeding this reference value, it is possible to determine that the disc has been copied.

Next, the configuration of the identification / playback apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, a signal output side of a pickup 50 for reading pit string data recorded on a disk 10 is connected to an amplifier 52. The output side of the amplifier 52 is connected to the data processing system 54 on one side. The data processing system 54 includes a deinterleave / correction circuit 56, a data decoder 58, and a header decoder 60. The output side of the data decoder 58 is connected to a decoding system 62, and the output side of the decoding system 62 is further connected to a post-processing system (not shown).

The output side of the header decoder 60 is connected to the disk processor 64. A memory 66 such as a semiconductor ROM for storing error table information is connected to the disk processor 64. The output side of the amplifier 52 is connected to the servo processing system 68. The output side of the servo processing system 68 is connected to the pickup driver 70 and the motor driver 72, respectively, and these are connected to the pickup 50 and the spindle motor 74, respectively. The servo processing system 68 is also connected to the disk processor 64. The disk processor 6
In addition, a host processor (main processor) 76 is provided.

In the data processing system 54, the pickup 50
Deinterleaving, error correction,
Decoding is performed. Decoding is performed on the header section and the main data section of each sector. Decoding system 6
2, the decoding of the decoded main data is performed by MPEG.
And the like, whereby an image signal and an audio signal are obtained. On the other hand, in the servo processing system 68, the servo control of the pickup 50 and the spindle motor 74 is performed based on the signal input from the amplifier 52 so that the light beam of the pickup 50 traces the pit row. A dedicated disk processor 64 is used for such disk control. On the other hand, for example, a host processor 76 is provided as a main CPU for the game, and division of labor with the disk processor 64 is performed. The disk processor 64 has errors 20L, 20M, 2
Counter 64 for counting the number of OSs, respectively.
L, 64M and 64S are provided.

As described above, the data processing system 54 is divided into a signal processing system that decodes, deinterleaves, and corrects data, and a processing system that decodes header data in a sector and reads a sector number. A system for receiving a seek command from the disk processor 64; a system for reporting the result of error correction to the disk processor 64;
There is a system for reporting header data to the disk processor 64, for example. The normal reproduction operation in the above apparatus is the same as that of a general disk reproduction apparatus.

Next, an operation of disc identification, which is a characteristic operation of the present embodiment, will be described with reference to FIG.
The flowchart of FIG. 7 mainly shows the operation of the disk processor 64. The disk 10 is set (step S10 in FIG. 7), the disk 10 is rotated by the spindle motor 74, and servo control is performed by the servo processing system 68 so that the pit row data can be read by the pickup 50. In the disk processor 64, the counters 64L, 64M, 64
S is cleared (step S12).

The disk processor 64 gives an operation instruction to access the lead-in area 12, and the above-described error map table 22 and error number table 24
Are read out (step S14). The read error map table 22 and error number table 2
4 is stored in the memory 66. Disk processor 6
In step 4, the seek is performed to the address of the corresponding sector with reference to the error map table 22 (step S16).
Then, it is determined whether or not the error data matches the contents of the table (step S18). If they match (Y in step S18), it is determined that the error has not been corrected, and the error length is determined (step S20). Then, the corresponding counter is incremented (steps S22, S24,
S26). For example, in the case of a long error, the counter 64L
And so on. The above operation is performed for all error data included in the error map table 22 (N in step S28). If the error data does not match the contents of the table (step S
18 N), counting is not performed because the error has been corrected.

When the above operation has been performed for all the error data (Y in step S28), the disk processor 64 refers to the error number table 24 stored in the memory 66 and checks the number of errors (step S28). S30). When the counted number of errors satisfies a predetermined criterion (Y in step S32), the disc is identified as a copy, the reproduction is stopped, and the disc is ejected (step S34). Alternatively, the fact is transmitted to the host processor 76, and the decoding process by the decoding system 62 is stopped. However, if the criterion is not satisfied (N in step S32), the disc is determined to be genuine, and normal reproduction is performed (step S36).

The criteria for disc identification are set, for example, such that the number of long errors x is 2/3 or less, the number of medium errors y is 1/2 or less, and the number of short errors z is 0. When all of these reference values are satisfied, it is determined that the disc is a copy disc. Thus, according to this embodiment, the length,
A plurality of medium and short error data are recorded in the data area 14. These addresses and numbers are recorded in the lead-in area 12 as an error table. Copying the disc corrects some of the errors and reduces the number of errors. However, the error table is copied as it is. For this reason, the content of the error table differs from the number of errors after copying. Using this,
Identification of whether the disk is a copy disk is performed.

As a result, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Recording in units of physical sectors, it is only necessary to add an error data output and an error table (error map table and error number table) generation function to the digital data encoder of the disk manufacturing apparatus. Further, there is no need to add a function for operating in an analog manner, such as a pit wobble, so that the configuration can be simplified. Disk manufacturing costs are also low. Also, since an error is generated in sector units, O
From the viewpoint of S or the like, there are many cases where the sector is ignored or analyzed as unreadable. Therefore, this is an advanced copy protection measure.

(2) Since only the sector number of the error and the error data are unique, the change process is extremely easy and can be changed in a short time. Depending on the title and lot of the disc, the error length and the sector into which the error is written can be changed, and the change process can be performed in real time on the production line. Numerous types of security information can be created by adding or combining error data, and as much security as possible can be achieved. That is, even if the security information of one disk is analyzed, the security information is different for other lots and products, so that the security information of all products is not analyzed at once.

(3) Since the reproducing apparatus for the main information is the same as the ordinary one, the LSI can be used as it is. The disk identification can be dealt with by improving only the firmware of the disk processor, which is advantageous in cost.

(4) An operation in a sector not related to the main information, and no processing is applied to the user data. Therefore, the reliability of the user data is maintained as it is.

The present invention has many embodiments,
Various modifications can be made based on the above disclosure. For example, the following is also included. (1) In the above-described embodiment, the type of error is set to three different lengths.
Although one type was used, the number of types may be increased or decreased. The number of error sectors may be similarly increased or decreased. Further, two or more errors may be recorded in one sector. In addition to the length of the error, for example, the type may be increased by changing the logical value. If these types of errors and the arrangement of sectors are combined and combined, stronger security can be ensured.

(2) Although the above embodiment is an example of a single-sided disk, it may be applied to each side of a disk having a double-sided structure.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, a general optical disk is used as an example.
In other words, although it is necessary for internal processing in the signal processing circuit, there is a part which is not output to the outside at the time of reproduction and is invisible from the outside. , MO disk,
The present invention is applicable to various recording media such as a DVD (Digital Video Disc) -ROM and a magnetic disk.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since a plurality of various types of errors are provided and described in the error table, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Unauthorized copying is satisfactorily identified and prevented, and security information can be easily changed with relatively simple equipment. (2) Since various types of errors are used, strong security can be realized by various types of security information. (3) Since the main information is not processed, the reliability of the main information is maintained as it is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state of a disk according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a physical sector configuration in a general disk.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an error table and an error state in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change in the number of errors before and after copying in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state of a change when a disc of the present embodiment is copied.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a main part of one embodiment of a disc identification / playback apparatus.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of disc identification.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Disc 12 ... Lead-in area 14 ... Data area 16 ... Lead-out area 20 ... Error 20L ... Long error 20M ... Medium error 20S ... Short error 22 ... Error map table 24 ... Error number table 30-34, 40-44 ... Sector 36 ... Error sector 50 ... Pickup 52 ... Amplifier 54 ... Data processing system 56 ... Deinterleave / correction circuit 58 ... Data decoder 60 ... Header decoder 62 ... Decoding system 64 ... Disk processor 64L, 64M, 64S ... Counter 66 ... Memory 68 ... Servo processing system 70,72 ... Driver 74 ... Spindle motor 76 ... Host processor

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI G11B 19/12 501 G11B 19/12 501K 20/12 20/12

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A disc including a main information area and an information management area, wherein various types of error data are recorded in a plurality of sectors of the main information area, and the contents of the error data are recorded in the information management area. A disk described as an error table. 2. The disk according to claim 1, wherein the error data includes a plurality of error data having different lengths. 3. The error data corresponding to the contents of the error table is read, and a disc is identified by comparing the read result with the contents of the error table. How to identify the disk. 4. A memory means for storing the contents of the error table; a table reading means for reading the error table and storing it in the memory means; and referring to the error table stored in the memory means, 2. An error reading means for reading error data; identifying means for identifying a disc by comparing a read result by the error data with descriptive information of an error table stored in the memory means. Or the disc identification device according to 2. 5. The disk identification device according to claim 4, wherein said identification means includes a counting means for counting the number of errors read by said error reading means for each type. 6. An identification device according to claim 4 or 5, comprising:
An apparatus for reproducing a disk, comprising: an elimination unit for excluding the disk when the identification unit identifies the disk as an unauthorized copy.