JPH11239181A - Routing method, router, and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a routing method as well as a router which has a simple constitution as compared with the conventional method and by which routing can be performed so as to shorten a delay time against variations of traffic of inputted packets, and to provide a recording medium for recording a routing program. SOLUTION: In a packet transmission network provided with a central processing unit 100 and a plurality of routers 200 connected to the unit 100 through lines, the unit 100 prepares a routing table by calculating the distributing ratio of all routes on a route list so that the value of an evaluation function W containing the delay time Dt of a packet required until the packet reaches its destination and the use ratex (R) of the maximum-load router 200 in the network may become smaller by using the function W. Each router 200 performs routing on packets by using the above-mentioned prepared routing table.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a routing method for a connectionless packet transmission network such as the Internet, a router device, and a recording medium on which a routing program is recorded.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional routing method for a connectionless packet transmission network is disclosed in, for example, the prior art document 1 "by Andrew S. Tannenbaum,
Translated by Tadao Saito et al., "Tanenbaum Computer Network 2nd Edition," published by Maruzen, pp. 331-34
5, 1992 "as follows.

[0003] Routing algorithms can be divided into two main types: non-adaptive and adaptive. Non-adaptive algorithms are not based on current traffic or topology measurements or estimates in making routing decisions. Instead, the selection of a route used to go from any i to j is calculated in advance off-line, and the IMP (Interface M) is used when starting up the network.
An abbreviation for message processor, ARP
An ANET packet switch. ) To download. This procedure is sometimes called static routing. On the other hand, adaptive algorithms, on the other hand, try to change the routing decision to reflect topology changes and current traffic. Adaptive algorithms include a global algorithm, an isolated algorithm, and a distributed algorithm.

That is, the conventional adaptive routing in a connectionless network is based on various evaluation information such as the number of hops, average waiting time, and failure information which are periodically exchanged in the network, and each node determines a shortest path. This is a single-pass routing (hereinafter, referred to as a first conventional example) that calculates and determines a unique route. On the other hand, the conventional multipath routing determines the weight of selection relative to a plurality of outgoing lines, generates a random number each time a packet is transferred, and selects the outgoing line using the weight as a probability. (Hereinafter, this is referred to as a second conventional example.) Since the selection weight is not changed, it is a non-adaptive routing. In this multi-pass routing, user convenience is improved by selecting a path according to the type of data, and reliability is improved by selecting a plurality of paths that do not intersect with alternative paths.

Further, regarding a message transfer method in a wide area relay network such as a broadband ISDN network or an ATM network, even if a failure or congestion occurs in the relay network, the message transfer route is adapted to the traffic state in the relay network. A control method (hereinafter, referred to as a third conventional example) is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-27.
4639. In this publication, each node of a relay network consisting of a plurality of nodes is provided with a user device accommodation unit for converting between a protocol format of a user device connected to the node and a protocol format in the relay network. Or on some specific nodes,
Routing control means fixedly connected to the user equipment accommodating means and the routing control means in another node by a virtual channel, wherein the routing control means selects an output port for a message according to the traffic state of each output path from the node It is configured to be.

[0006]

In the above-mentioned adaptive routing according to the first conventional example, if various kinds of evaluation information are old with respect to dynamic fluctuation of an input packet, oscillation or a loop phenomenon of a selected route may occur. Resulting packet loss or delay time (in the art, the transmission time required to transmit a packet from a source node to a destination node is referred to as a delay time;
Hereinafter, the transmission time is referred to as a delay time. ). Further, in order to make various evaluation information new, in order to shorten the generation cycle, evaluation information other than data overflows the network, resulting in inefficient transmission.

In the above-described second conventional multipath routing, the routing table is fixed only by allocating the outgoing path according to the type of the input packet, and the dynamic fluctuation of the input packet is performed. Therefore, there is a problem that packets are discarded due to local traffic concentration and delay time increases.

Further, in a third conventional example, a wideband ISD
It is intended for communication when a public network having a permanently or semi-permanently fixed routing path is used for a connection-oriented communication network such as an N network or an ATM network. In other words, the third conventional example is a case of adaptive single-path routing. If it is assumed that external information for connecting the router device can be obtained when the router device is provided, advanced routers such as a cell format change are introduced. This requires a large amount of operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in routing for a connectionless packet transmission network such as the Internet, the configuration is simpler than that of the conventional example, and the transmission from the source to the destination is simple. It is an object of the present invention to provide a routing method, a router, and a recording medium on which a routing program is recorded, which can perform routing so as to reduce a delay time.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a routing method for connectionless packet transmission comprising a central processing unit and a router device of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit via a line. In a routing method for routing a packet input to a router device using a multi-path routing method for a network, the central processing unit may execute all routes without loops or detours from the router devices to destinations. Using the evaluation function including the step of storing in advance, the delay time of the packet required from the source to the destination, and the usage rate of the maximum load router device having the maximum load in the packet transmission network, the value of the evaluation function So that
Calculating a distribution ratio of all the routes to create a routing table; and transmitting the created routing table to each of the routers. The method includes a step of storing a routing table transmitted by the processing device, and a step of routing the input packet using the stored routing table.

Further, the routing method according to claim 2 is
2. The routing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of creating the routing table is performed in advance.

Further, in the routing method according to a third aspect of the present invention, in the routing method according to the first aspect, the step of creating the routing table is periodically executed at a predetermined cycle, and the routing table of each of the router devices includes the routing table. It is characterized in that it is updated periodically in a cycle.

Still further, a routing method according to a fourth aspect is the routing method according to the first, second or third aspect, wherein the evaluation function is a linear combination of the delay time and the usage rate of the maximum load router device. It is characterized by being represented.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a router for a multi-path for a connectionless packet transmission network comprising a central processing unit and a router of a plurality of nodes line-connected to the central processing unit. In a router device that routes a packet input to the router device by using a routing method, the central processing unit stores, in advance, all routes from each of the router devices to destinations without loops or detours. Storage means;
Using an evaluation function including the delay time of the packet required from the source to the destination and the usage rate of the maximum load router device having the maximum load in the packet transmission network, so that the value of the evaluation function is reduced. Creating means for calculating a distribution ratio of all routes stored in the first storage means to create a routing table; and transmitting means for transmitting the routing table created by the creating means to each of the router devices. Each of the router devices includes a second storage unit configured to store a routing table transmitted by a transmission unit of the central processing unit, and a routing table stored in the second storage unit. Routing means for routing the packet.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the router according to the fifth aspect, wherein the creating means executes a process of creating the routing table in advance.

Further, in the router device according to claim 7, in the router device according to claim 5, the creation means periodically creates and updates the routing table at a predetermined cycle, and updates the routing table of each router device. The routing table stored in the second storage means is periodically updated in the above cycle.

Still further, the router device according to claim 8 is the router device according to claim 5, 6, or 7, wherein the evaluation function is a linear combination of the delay time and the usage rate of the maximum load router device. It is characterized by being represented.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a recording medium comprising:
A processing program of the routing method according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 is recorded.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a router device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The connexion-less packet transmission network in the router device of the present embodiment includes a central processing unit 100 and a plurality of router devices 200 connected to the central processing unit 100 via a data communication line 300 in a star configuration. Each router device 200 is configured using the multi-path routing method for the packet transmission network,
Routing of the packet input to the router device is performed.
Here, the controller 101 of the central processing unit 100
From the source router 200 to the destination router 20
A table generation parameter processing memory 10 stores all routes without loops or side trips up to 0 as a route list in advance.
2, the delay function Dt of the packet required from the source to the destination, and the evaluation function of Expression 6 including the usage rate X (k) of the maximum load router device 200 having the maximum load in the packet transmission network. Using W, a routing table is created by calculating the distribution ratio of all the stored routes so that the value of the evaluation function W becomes smaller, and the routing table is stored in the routing table memory 103. 104, data communication line 30
0, and data communication device 1 of all router devices 200
4 and the controllers 1 of all router devices 200
0 and stored in the routing memory 13. Then, the controller 10 of each router device 200 is characterized in that the input packet is routed using the stored routing table. Here, the evaluation function W is, as shown in Expression 6, the delay time Dt and the usage rate X of the maximum load router device 200.
It is represented by a linear combination with (k).

Here, the router device 200 is provided at each node of the network, and the router device 200-i of the node i has a routing table generated in advance by the central processing unit 100 and distributed to all the router devices 200. Is used to perform packet routing.

Hereinafter, generation of a routing table executed by the controller 101 of the central processing unit 100 will be described. First, a route from a starting point (source) s to an end point (destination) d is extracted based on node connection information of a packet transmission network that has been examined in advance, and stored in the table generation parameter memory 102 as a route list. Table 1 below shows a route list in an example of the network when the number of router devices 200 shown in FIG. 4 is 11. In FIG. 4, circles are nodes, and the numbers are node numbers. One route number data is assigned to each route.

[0023]

[Table 1] Example of route list ─────────────────────────────────── Start point End point Number of hops Node of path Column path number data ─────────────────────────────────── 0 1 1 0, 1 1 0 2 2 0 , 1,2,2,2,2,0,3,2,3,3,0,3,4,410,0,4,550,2,0,3,5,6,0,5 2,0,4,5,7,5,5,30 , 9,10,580 620,0,3,690 702,0,9,710 080 330,0,3,10,8 11 0 8 0,9,10,8,12,084. 0,4,5,10,8 13 0 9 10 0,9 14 0 10 20 0,3,10 15 0 10 2 0,9,10 16 0 10 10 0,4,5,10 17 0 1 1 1 , 0 18 1 2 1 1,2 19 1 3 2 1,0,3 20 13 2 1,2,3 21 1 4 2 1,0,4 22 14 4 1,2,3,5,4 23 1 5 3 1,0,3,5 24 1 5 3 1,0,4,5 25───────────────────────────────────

Here, loops and detour routes are excluded.
For example, from the originating router 0 to the ending router 6, a loop route (example 0-3-5-10-3-6) or a detour (example 0-
The route of 1-2-3-6) is excluded.

Next, the calculation of the distribution ratio of the routing table will be described. The distribution ratio of the i-th route (s, d, i) from the start point s to the end point d is x (s,
d, i), the following equation holds.

(Equation 1) Then, the amount (work amount) of generated packets from the starting point (source node) s to the end point (destination node) d is represented by I (s, d).
Then, the usage rate X (k) of the router device 200-k is
It can be expressed by the following equation. Here, the amount of generated packets represents the amount of work when processing (routing) one packet per unit time, for example, one second.

[0026]

(Equation 2)

Here, r is the router device 200 to be processed.
Is a group of passing routers of the route (s, d, i), and the function δ (·) is such that when the router device 200-k is included in the group of passing routers of the route (s, d, i), δ
The function is (r−k) = 1, and δ (r−k) = 0 when not included. At this time, the delay time T (s, d, i) of the i-th route (s, d, i) from the start point s to the end point d
Can be expressed by the following equation.

(Equation 3) At this time, the average delay time T (s, s) from the start point s to the end point d
d) becomes the following equation.

(Equation 4)

Therefore, the delay time Dt of the entire packet transmission network is expressed by the following equation.

(Equation 5)

Next, an evaluation function for optimal calculation will be described. The routing performance of the router device 200 can be determined based on the fact that the delay time Dt can be reduced as much as possible, the usage rate of the router causing packet loss can be reduced, and the communication capacity can be increased as much as possible. Therefore, the distribution ratio of the routing table that minimizes the evaluation function W of the following equation, which is composed of the delay time and the usage rate of the router device 200 with the maximum load, is obtained.

[0030]

(Equation 6)

Here, Max {X (k)} is the usage rate of the router apparatus 200 having the maximum load in which the usage rate X (k) of the router apparatus 200 of each node constituting the packet transmission network is the maximum. is there. The weighting factors v ₁ and v ₂ are constants of weighting factors for weighting the usage rate of the maximum load router device 200 and the delay time. When emphasizing communication capacity,
Choose a large weighting factor v ₁ and a small weighting factor v ₂ . When emphasizing the delay time is chosen small large and weighting factor v ₁ weight coefficients v ₂ and vice versa. Preferred values of the weighting factors v ₁ and v ₂ are as follows. (A) v ₁ = 0.9, v ₂ = 0.1. (B) v ₁ = 1.0, v ₂ = 0. (C) v ₁ = 0.1, v ₂ = 0.9.

Further, the controller 101 of the central processing unit 100 stores the distribution ratio x (s, d, i) optimized by the evaluation function W in Equation 6 in the table generation parameter memory 1.
By adding the routing table to the routing list in the routing table memory 02 and storing the routing table in the routing table memory 13, the routing table data is transmitted to all the routers via the data communication line 300 using the data communication device 104. The data is transmitted to the data communication device 14 of the device 200. Data communication device 14 of each router device 200
Stores the received routing table data in the routing table memory 13 via the controller 10. Then, the controller 10 of the router device 200
Sorts the arrived packet according to the routing table.

In FIG. 1, a controller 101 of the central processing unit 100 is constituted by a CPU or a DSP such as a microcomputer for executing the table generation processing of FIG. 2, and the controller 101 performs the table generation processing of FIG. A table generation parameter processing memory 102 for temporarily storing a path list and parameters necessary for execution, a routing table memory 103 for storing a generated routing table, and data communication with the data communication device 14 of each router 200. A data communication device 104 having a modem for performing the communication is connected.

On the other hand, the controller 10 of each router device 200 has a CPU or DS such as a microcomputer for controlling the operation of the router device 200 of the node i.
P, and stores in the controller 10 a program RO in which a program for the routing process of FIG.
M (read only memory) 11, a working RAM (random access memory) 12 used as a working area of the controller 10, a routing table memory 13 for storing a routing table, and data communication with the data communication device 104 of the central processing unit 100. Is connected to a data communication device 14 having a modem for performing

In FIG. 1, the controller 10 includes input interfaces 20-1 to 20-M connected to a plurality M of adjacent nodes A _{1 to} A _M , and a queue memory 21.
, Data switch 22, output buffer memory 23-
And 1 to 23-M, and M neighbor node A ₁ to A _M to the output interface connected 24-1 through 24-M,
Controlling the M neighboring nodes A ₁ to the operation of the connected communication interface 25-1 to 25-M to A _M. Each input interface 20-1 to 20-M is provided with a receiver for receiving the packet, and outputs the queue memory 21 receives the packets input from each neighbor node A ₁ to A _M. The queue memory 21 is
O-memory, each input interface 20-1
20-M are sequentially queued and stored in the input order, and under the control of the controller 10, the first packet is output via the data switch 22 to the output buffer memories 23-1 through 23-M. One of M
And output and store them. The data switch 22 constitutes a packet switch, and under the control of the controller 10, outputs a packet input from the queue memory 21 to an output buffer memory corresponding to an adjacent node specified by the controller 10 and stores it. After temporarily storing the input packet, each of the output buffer memories 23-1 to 23-M temporarily stores the input packet, and outputs the adjacent node A ₁ via each of the output interfaces 24-1 to 24-M having the corresponding transmitter. To A _M. Further, each of the communication interfaces 25-1 to 25-M is connected to the adjacent node A ₁ to A _M, in accordance with an instruction of the controller 10, by communicating with the communication interface of each adjacent node k, the delay of each packet The time data is received and stored in the table generation processing memory 102 of the central processing unit 100 via the controller 10 and the data communication device 14.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a routing table generation process which is executed in advance by the controller 101 of the central processing unit 100 of FIG. First, in step S1, the usage rate X (k) of each router device 200-k in the packet transmission network is calculated using Expression 2. Next, in step S2, the delay time Dt of the entire packet transmission network is calculated using Expression 5. Further, in step S3, a routing table is generated based on the distribution ratio x (s, d, i) optimized by the evaluation function W of Expression 6, and the routing table memory 10 is generated.
3 and send it to each router device 200 to store it in the routing table memory 13 and end the table generation processing.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a routing process executed by the controller 10 of each router 200 in FIG. In FIG. 3, first, in step S11, the first packet waiting in the queue memory 21 is to be processed. Next, in step S12, the destination node j of the packet to be processed is read from the queue memory 21, and in step S13, it is determined whether or not the router device 200 is the source node of the packet transmission source. If (YES), a random number R (0 ≦ R ≦ 1) is generated by a known method in step S14. Then, in step S15, based on the generated random number R, using the routing table in the routing table memory 13, the corresponding distribution ratio x (s, d,
According to i), the route number and the adjacent node to which the packet to be processed is to be transmitted are determined. For example, when there are three routes from a predetermined starting point to a predetermined destination and the distribution ratio is 1/3 each, when the random number R is 0 ≦ R ≦ 0.333, the first route is selected, The random number R is 0.334 ≦
When R ≦ 0.667, the second route is selected, and when the random number R satisfies 0.667 ≦ R ≦ 1.0, the third route is selected. Next, in step S16, the data switch 2
2 to transmit the packet to be processed, together with the path number data, to the determined adjacent node. The packet according to the present embodiment includes transmission source data, destination data, path number data, and information data of contents to be transmitted. Finally, in step S17,
With the next packet waiting in the queue memory 21 as a processing target, the process returns to step S12, and the above processing is repeated.

If it is not the starting point in step S13 (N
O) In order to transmit a packet to be processed according to the path of the path number determined at the starting point, the path number data is read from the received packet in step S18, and the data switch 22 is controlled in step S19 to Is transmitted together with the path number data to the adjacent node of the path corresponding to the read path number data. Then, the process proceeds to step S17.

In the above embodiment, the routing program of the routing process of FIG. 2 and the routing table generation process of FIG. 3 are recorded in the program ROM 11, but the present invention is not limited to this. -Recording may be performed on various recording media such as a ROM, an optical disk, and a magneto-optical disk. Thus, the routing program can be easily loaded into the RAM of the controller 10 of the router device 200 and executed.

[0040]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In order to verify the operation of the present invention, the present inventor performed a simulation by generating input packets at each node using the network model of FIG.
Here, the network model is such that one node has a maximum of 6
48 nodes are connected in the topology of FIG. 5 so that the nodes are connected, and the link between the nodes is bidirectional. The node has one queue memory 21 and processes an input packet with a FIFO memory. The processing time μ per packet is a constant. In addition, the input traffic generated packets according to the Poisson distribution throughout the network. The distribution of the source node and the destination node number of each packet is a uniform distribution.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing an input delay characteristic of an average delay time indicating an average delay time for input traffic, which is a simulation result of the present embodiment in the packet transmission network of FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 is a graph of an input dependence characteristic of the maximum usage rate indicating the maximum usage rate with respect to. Here, the router device 200
The calculation is performed ignoring the delay time between them. As a result, when compared with the conventional minimum hop single path routing (SR), in the routing method and the router 200 of the embodiment of the present invention, when the increase in the number of hops is distributed to a plurality of paths at 0 (BSR00), When the increase in the number of hops is distributed by multiple paths while allowing a detour of 1 (BSR 0
In 1), the usage rate X (k) of the router device 200-k having the maximum load can be greatly suppressed, and the input traffic capacity can be reduced to 1.5 without increasing the delay time Dt of the entire network.
It was improved about twice.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity. Can be used. In addition, by using the evaluation function W of Expression 6, the evaluation and the routing can be performed more easily.

In the above embodiment, the routing table is generated in advance by the central processing unit 100 and stored in the routing table memory 13 of each router 200. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
0 indicates that the routing table is generated and updated periodically at a predetermined cycle such as once a day.
The routing table in the routing table memory 13 of 00 may be sequentially updated. This dynamically adapts to minimize the average delay time,
Routing packets can be updated by updating the routing table.

[0044]

As described above in detail, according to the routing method of the first aspect of the present invention, a connection including a central processing unit and a router device of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit via a line. In a routing method for routing a packet input to a router device using a multipath routing method for a packet-less packet transmission network, the central processing unit has no loops or detours from each of the router devices to a destination. Using the evaluation function including the step of storing all the routes in advance, the delay time of the packet required from the source to the destination, and the usage rate of the maximum load router device having the maximum load in the packet transmission network, Calculate the distribution ratio of all the above routes so that the value of the evaluation function becomes smaller, And creating, and the routing table that was created above executes processing and transmitting to each router device, each router device,
A process including a step of storing a routing table transmitted by the central processing unit and a step of routing the input packet using the stored routing table is executed. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity.

According to the routing method of the present invention, the step of creating the routing table is executed in advance. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the step of creating the routing table is periodically executed at a predetermined cycle, and the routing table of each of the routers is periodically updated at the above cycle. You. Therefore, by effectively using the network resources, the routing table can be dynamically and adaptively updated to reduce the end-to-end average delay time.
The existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by expanding the input capacity.

Further, in the routing method according to the fourth aspect, in the routing method according to the first, second or third aspect, the evaluation function is a linear combination of the delay time and the usage rate of the maximum load router device. It is represented by Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity. In addition, by using the above evaluation function, evaluation and routing can be performed more easily.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a router for a connectionless packet transmission network comprising a central processing unit and a router of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit. In a router device that routes a packet input to the router device using a multipath routing method, the central processing unit stores in advance all routes without loops or side trips from the router devices to destinations. (1) the value of the evaluation function by using a storage unit, an evaluation function including a delay time of a packet required from a transmission source to a destination, and a usage rate of a maximum load router device having a maximum load in the packet transmission network. The routing ratios of all the routes stored in the first storage means are calculated so that And a transmitting unit for transmitting the routing table generated by the generating unit to each of the router devices, wherein each of the router devices transmits the routing table transmitted by the transmitting unit of the central processing unit. Second storage means for storing
Routing means for routing the input packet using a routing table stored in the second storage means. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity.

According to the router device of the sixth aspect, in the router device of the fifth aspect, the creating means executes the processing of creating the routing table in advance. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity.

Further, according to the router device of the seventh aspect, in the router device of the fifth aspect, the creation means creates and updates the routing table periodically at a predetermined cycle, and updates each of the router devices. The routing table stored in the second storage means is periodically updated in the above cycle. Therefore, by effectively using the network resources, the routing table can be dynamically and adaptively updated to reduce the average end-to-end delay time,
In addition, the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by expanding the input capacity.

Further, according to the router device of the eighth aspect, in the router device of the fifth, sixth or seventh aspect, the evaluation function is a linear relationship between the delay time and the usage rate of the maximum load router device. Represented by a bond. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity. In addition, by using the above evaluation function, evaluation and routing can be performed more easily.

According to the recording medium of the ninth aspect of the present invention, a processing program of the routing method of the first, second, third or fourth aspect is recorded. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity. In addition, by using the above evaluation function, evaluation and routing can be performed more easily. Further, the routing program can be easily loaded into the RAM of the controller of the router device and executed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a connectionless packet transmission network including a central processing unit 100 and a router device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a controller 1 of the central processing unit 100 of FIG. 1;
11 is a flowchart illustrating a routing table generation process executed by the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a controller 10 of the router 200 shown in FIG. 1;
3 is a flowchart showing a routing process executed by the CPU.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a network when the number of router devices 200 according to the present embodiment is eleven.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a network when the number of router devices 200 is 48 used in the simulation of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a simulation result of the embodiment;
5 is a graph of an input delay characteristic of an average delay time indicating an average delay time for input traffic.

FIG. 7 is a simulation result of the embodiment;
5 is a graph of an input dependence characteristic of a maximum usage rate indicating a maximum usage rate for input traffic.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Controller, 11 ... Program ROM, 12 ... Working RAM, 13 ... Routing table memory, 14 ... Data communication device, 20-1 to 20-M ... Input interface, 21 ... Queue memory, 22 ... Data switch, 23-1 To 23-M: output buffer memory, 24-1 to 24-M: output interface, 25-1 to 25-M: communication interface, 100: central processing unit, 101: controller, 102: table generation parameter processing memory, 103 ... routing table memory, 104 ... communication unit, 200 ... router device, 300 ... data communication lines, A ₁ to A _M ... neighbor nodes.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] April 2, 1999

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0010

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a routing method for connectionless packet transmission comprising a central processing unit and a router device of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit via a line. In a routing method for routing a packet input to a router device using a multi-path routing method for a network, the central processing unit may execute all routes without loops or detours from the router devices to destinations. Using an evaluation function represented by a linear combination of a step of storing in advance, a delay time of a packet required from a source to a destination, and a usage rate of a maximum load router device having a maximum load in the packet transmission network. , So that the value of the evaluation function is minimized and the communication capacity of each of the router devices is increased. Calculating a routing ratio of a road to create a routing table, and transmitting the created routing table to each of the routers. A process including a step of storing the transmitted routing table and a step of routing the input packet using the stored routing table is performed.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0013

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0014

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a router for a multi-path for a connectionless packet transmission network comprising a central processing unit and a router of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit. In a router device that routes a packet input to the router device by using a routing method, the central processing unit stores, in advance, all routes from each of the router devices to destinations without loops or detours. Storage means;
Using an evaluation function represented by a linear combination of the delay time of the packet required from the source to the destination and the usage rate of the maximum load router device having the maximum load in the packet transmission network, the value of the evaluation function Means for calculating the distribution ratio of all the routes to create a routing table so that the routing table is minimized and the communication capacity of each of the router devices is increased. Transmitting means for transmitting to the central processing unit, each of the router devices stores a routing table transmitted by the transmitting means of the central processing unit, and a routing table stored in the second storing means. And routing means for routing the input packet by using

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0015

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a router device according to the fourth aspect, wherein the creating means executes a process of creating the routing table in advance.

[Procedure amendment 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0016

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, in the router device according to claim 6, in the router device according to claim 4, the creating means periodically creates and updates the routing table at a predetermined cycle, and updates the routing table of each of the router devices. The routing table stored in the second storage means is periodically updated in the above cycle.

[Procedure amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0017

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0018

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

A recording medium according to a seventh aspect of the present invention comprises:
A processing program of the routing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is recorded.

[Procedure amendment 9]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0044

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0044]

As described above in detail, according to the routing method of the first aspect of the present invention, a connection including a central processing unit and a router device of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit via a line. In a routing method for routing a packet input to a router device using a multipath routing method for a packet-less packet transmission network, the central processing unit has no loops or detours from each of the router devices to a destination. An evaluation expressed as a linear combination of a step of storing all routes in advance, a delay time of a packet required from a source to a destination, and a usage rate of a maximum load router device having a maximum load in the packet transmission network. Using the function, the value of the evaluation function is minimized and the communication capacity of each of the router devices is increased, Calculating a distribution ratio of all routes to create a routing table; and transmitting the created routing table to each of the routers. A process including a step of storing a routing table transmitted by the device and a step of routing the input packet using the stored routing table is executed. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity.

[Procedure amendment 10]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0047

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 11]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0048

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a router for a connectionless packet transmission network comprising a central processing unit, and a router of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit. In a router device that routes a packet input to the router device using a multipath routing method, the central processing unit stores in advance all routes without loops or side trips from the router devices to destinations. 1 and an evaluation function expressed by a linear combination of a delay time of a packet required from a transmission source to a destination and a usage rate of a maximum load router device having a maximum load in the packet transmission network. The distribution of all the routes so that the value of the evaluation function is minimized and the communication capacity of each router is increased. A generating unit for calculating a ratio to generate a routing table; and a transmitting unit for transmitting the routing table generated by the generating unit to each of the router devices, wherein each of the router devices includes a transmitting unit of the central processing unit. A second storage unit for storing the routing table transmitted by the first storage unit, and a routing unit for routing the input packet using the routing table stored in the second storage unit.
Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity.

[Procedure amendment 12]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0049

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, according to the router device of the fifth aspect, in the router device of the fourth aspect, the creation means executes the processing of creating the routing table in advance. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity.

[Procedure amendment 13]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0050

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, according to the router device of the sixth aspect, in the router device of the fourth aspect, the creating means creates and updates the routing table periodically at a predetermined cycle, and updates the routing table. The routing table stored in the second storage means is periodically updated in the above cycle. Therefore, by effectively using the network resources, the routing table can be dynamically and adaptively updated to reduce the average end-to-end delay time,
In addition, the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by expanding the input capacity.

[Procedure amendment 14]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0051

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 15]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0052

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a recording medium according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a processing program for a routing method according to one of the first to third aspects is recorded. Therefore, the end-to-end average delay time can be reduced by effectively using the network resources, and the existing packet transmission network can be effectively used by increasing the input capacity. Also, by using the above evaluation function,
It can be more easily evaluated and routed. Further, the routing program can be easily loaded into the RAM of the controller of the router device and executed.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Kazumasa Shinkami 5 Sanraya, Seiya-cho, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto Pref. Inside ATI R & D Center for Environmentally Adaptable Communication (72) Inventor Shinsuke Shimokawa Kyoto 5 Shiraya, Seiya-cho, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A multipath routing method for a connectionless packet transmission network comprising a central processing unit and a router device of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit by a line. A routing method for routing a packet, wherein the central processing unit stores beforehand a loop from each of the router devices to a destination and all routes without side trips; and a delay time of a packet required from a source to a destination. And, using an evaluation function including the usage rate of the maximum load router device having the maximum load in the packet transmission network, calculating the distribution ratios of all the routes so that the value of the evaluation function is reduced. A step of creating a routing table; and Transmitting to the router device, the router device storing the routing table transmitted by the central processing unit, and using the stored routing table to execute the input. Routing the packet. 2. The routing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of creating the routing table is executed in advance. 3. The routing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of creating the routing table is performed periodically at a predetermined cycle, and the routing table of each of the router devices is periodically updated at the cycle. A routing method, characterized in that: 4. The routing method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation function is represented by a linear combination of the delay time and the usage rate of the maximum load router device. . 5. A multi-path routing method for a connectionless packet transmission network comprising a central processing unit and a router device of a plurality of nodes connected to the central processing unit by a line. In the router device for routing the received packet, the central processing unit requires first storage means for storing in advance all the routes without loops and detours from each of the router devices to the destination, and from the source to the destination. Using a delay time of a packet and an evaluation function including a usage rate of a maximum load router device having a maximum load in the packet transmission network, the first storage unit stores the value of the evaluation function in such a manner as to decrease the value of the evaluation function. Creating means for calculating a distribution ratio of all the stored routes to create a routing table; Transmission means for transmitting the routing table created by the above to each of the router devices, wherein each of the router devices stores a routing table transmitted by the transmission means of the central processing unit; and Routing means for routing the input packet using a routing table stored in the second storage means. 6. The router device according to claim 5, wherein said creating means executes processing for creating said routing table in advance. 7. The router device according to claim 5, wherein the creation unit periodically creates and updates the routing table at a predetermined cycle, and stores the routing table in the second storage unit of each of the router devices. The router device, wherein the table is periodically updated at the above-mentioned cycle. 8. The router device according to claim 5, wherein the evaluation function is represented by a linear combination of the delay time and the usage rate of the maximum load router device. . 9. A recording medium having recorded thereon a processing program of the routing method according to claim 1.