JPH11181336A - Coating fluid for permselective membrane, permselective membrane, and multi layered permselective membrane - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coating fluid for permselective membranes, which can intercept ultraviolet rays in a broad wavelength region of about 400 nm or below, can sustain a stabilizing effect for a long term, and is capable of in-situ application to glass which has already been set in position by using a simple and inexpensive coating method and to provide a permselective membrane and a multi layered permselective membrane. SOLUTION: In a coating fluid, at least one member selected from among ruthenium oxide microparticles, titanium nitride microparticles and the like, having a means particle diameter of 100 nm or below is dispersed and contains at least one member selected from among silicon, zirconium and the like, and polymers of partial hydrolyzates of alkoxides of these metals or contains a synthetic resin are contained as a binder. The permselective membrane is obtained by applying the coating fluid to a substrate and curing the wet film, and the multi layered permselective membrane is prepared by adhering a film containing at least one member selected from among silicon, zirconium and the like, or the synthetic resins to the permselective film.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coating solution for a permselective membrane applicable to glass, plastics and other various transparent substrates, and more particularly, to selecting an ultraviolet ray, a heat ray, a visible ray, and an infrared ray according to each purpose. The present invention relates to a selectively permeable film coating solution for selectively transmitting, reflecting and absorbing, a selectively permeable film, and a selectively permeable multilayer film.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The generation and expansion of an ozone hole significantly increases the amount of ultraviolet rays that reach the ground surface, causing problems such as sunburn and skin cancer on the human body. Also, ultraviolet rays enter through windows of houses, buildings, automobiles, show windows and the like, and fading, discoloration, and deterioration of furniture such as curtains, carpets, sofas, paintings, documents, and the like have become problems.

[0003] Conventionally used ultraviolet shielding agents include titanium oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide and the like, but these have low ultraviolet absorptivity on the long wavelength side (around 400 nm) and are not suitable for use alone. It could not be said to be an ultraviolet shielding material for efficiently and sufficiently shielding light near 400 nm.

[0004] Further, an ultraviolet ray shielding agent using an organic substance such as benzophenone has a high ultraviolet ray absorption rate near 400 nm, but itself is decomposed by absorbing ultraviolet ray, and maintains a stable ultraviolet ray shielding ability for a long time. It was difficult.

Further, from the viewpoint of energy saving, a heat ray shielding glass for shielding the heat energy of the sunlight from the window to reduce the cooling load in summer, and a privacy protection glass having a controlled transmittance in the visible light region. Has attracted attention in recent years. These glasses are required depending on the use site, various colors, brightness, and heat ray shielding rate, but conventionally, such functional films are mostly dry type by sputtering, evaporation, etc. Since it is manufactured by the method, it is not suitable for small-quantity multi-product production in response to the above demands, it can not be said that it responds to detailed demands, and requires large equipment and complicated processes The cost as a product was also very expensive.

[0006] Furthermore, few of these glasses are provided with an ultraviolet shielding function (particularly a shielding function at around 400 nm), and there is almost no glass that simultaneously controls ultraviolet rays, heat rays (solar rays) and visible rays. . Colored films using organic dyes are also commercially available,
The organic dye was greatly deteriorated by ultraviolet rays and the like, and could not be said to exhibit a sufficient effect.

[0007] The dry method used for the production of the above-mentioned functional film requires a large-scale vacuum device and the like, and the on-site processing work for glass already installed in houses, buildings, automobiles and the like. Was not feasible.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is an object of the present invention to efficiently block a wide range of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to less than 400 nm. Compared to conventional organic ultraviolet shielding agents and organic coloring dyes, it maintains its effect more stably for a long time, has the function of shielding heat rays, controls the transmittance in the visible light range, and mixes various inorganic fine particles. By selecting a binder using a simple and inexpensive coating method, it is possible to apply it to the already installed glass at the site by selecting a binder using a simple and inexpensive coating method. It is to provide a membrane and a permselective multilayer.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present inventors have focused on inorganic fine particles having a specific average particle size excellent in weather resistance, and dispersed the fine particles. Have been achieved, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, in a first embodiment of the present invention, there are provided ruthenium oxide fine particles, titanium nitride fine particles, tantalum nitride fine particles, titanium silicide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less;
Molybdenum silicide fine particles, lanthanum boride fine particles, iron oxide fine particles, iron oxide hydroxide (at least one of III fine particles
Characterized in that the seeds are dispersed, and further contains at least one of silicon, zirconium, titanium, and each metal alkoxide of aluminum, or a partially hydrolyzed polymer of each metal alkoxide, and further contains a synthetic resin as a binder. It is characterized by a coating solution for a selectively permeable membrane contained therein.

A second embodiment of the present invention is characterized by a permselective membrane obtained by applying the above-mentioned coating solution for a permselective membrane to a base material and curing the coated base material.

In a third embodiment of the present invention, the metal alkoxide of silicon, zirconium, titanium and aluminum, the partially hydrolyzed polymer of each metal alkoxide, or the synthetic resin is further provided on the above-mentioned permselective membrane. It is characterized by a permselective multilayer film on which a film containing at least one of them is applied.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
As a result of intensive research on inorganic fine particle materials that efficiently absorb ultraviolet light (around nm), we first focused on iron oxide and iron oxide hydroxide (III). It was found that when a substrate was coated using a coating liquid dispersed to have a diameter of 100 nm or less, light having a visible light range was transmitted and light having a UV range was absorbed.

Next, as inorganic fine particles, ruthenium oxide fine particles, titanium nitride fine particles, tantalum nitride fine particles, titanium silicide fine particles, molybdenum silicide fine particles, and lanthanum boride fine particles were studied. As a result, each of these inorganic fine particles absorbed in the visible light region. Powder with an average particle size of 1
It was also found that, in the state of a thin film dispersed as fine particles having a size of not more than 00 nm, light having a characteristic of transmitting light in the visible light region and shielding light in the near infrared region was obtained.

As for the color tone, when the inorganic fine particles are dispersed in the form of fine particles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less, iron oxide shows a reddish color, iron (III) hydroxide shows a yellowish color, ruthenium oxide shows a ruthenium oxide. Are green, titanium nitride particles are blue, tantalum nitride particles are brown, titanium silicide particles are gray, molybdenum silicide particles are bronze, and lanthanum boride particles are green.

In addition to the above-mentioned inorganic materials, those exhibiting the above-mentioned various properties equivalent thereto can be given as follows. Pb ₂ Ru ₂ O _6.5 particles or Bi ₂ Ru ₂ O _7-x particles can be used instead of ruthenium oxide particles, and titanium nitride particles, tantalum nitride particles, titanium silicide particles, molybdenum silicide particles. Instead of zirconium nitride fine particles or hafnium nitride fine particles, it is also possible to use titanium boride or the like instead of lanthanum boride fine particles. ) Instead of fine particles, it is also possible to use nitrogen iron oxide or iron nitride.

In the present invention, the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles in the coating solution must be 100 nm or less. If the average particle diameter is larger than 100 nm, the aggregation of the fine particles in the dispersion liquid causes sedimentation of the aggregated fine particles in the coating solution. Fine particles having an average particle diameter exceeding 100 nm or their aggregated coarse particles are not preferred because they cause light haze of the film and decrease of visible light transmittance due to light scattering. The average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles needs to be 100 nm or less for the above-described reason.
The lowest average particle size economically available with current technology is 2n
This is the lower limit because it is about m.

The dispersion medium of the fine particles in the coating solution is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the coating conditions, coating environment, alkoxide in the coating solution, synthetic resin binder, and the like. Various kinds of organic solvents such as the above can be used, and the pH may be adjusted by adding an acid or an alkali as needed. Further, in order to further improve the dispersion stability of the fine particles in the ink, it is possible to add various coupling agents, surfactants and the like. The amount of each addition at that time is 30% by weight or less, preferably 5% by weight or less based on the inorganic fine particles. The method of dispersing the fine particles can be arbitrarily selected as long as the fine particles are uniformly dispersed in the solution. Examples of the method include a ball mill, a sand mill, and an ultrasonic dispersion method.

The permselective membrane in the present invention is a membrane in which the above-mentioned fine particles are deposited at high density on a substrate to form a membrane, and each of metal alkoxides of silicon, zirconium, titanium and aluminum contained in the coating solution or these metals The alkoxide partially hydrolyzed polymer or the synthetic resin binder has an effect of improving the binding property of the fine particles to the substrate after coating and curing, and further improving the film hardness. Further, on the film thus obtained, a film containing a metal alkoxy oxide such as silicon, zirconium, titanium or aluminum, a partially hydrolyzed polymer of these metal alkoxides, or a synthetic resin is further coated as a second layer. By adhering, it becomes possible to further improve the binding force of the film containing fine particles as a main component to the substrate, and the hardness and weather resistance of the film.

When the coating liquid does not contain metal alkoxides of silicon, zirconium, titanium and aluminum or partially hydrolyzed polymers of these metal alkoxides or synthetic resins, the film obtained after applying the coating liquid to a substrate is A film structure in which only the fine particles are deposited thereon is obtained. Even as it is, it shows selective transmittance of light, but this film is coated with a coating liquid containing a metal alkoxide of silicon, zirconium, titanium, aluminum or a partially hydrolyzed polymer of these metal alkoxides or a synthetic resin as described above. By forming a coating to form a multilayer film, the coating liquid components are formed to fill the gaps where the fine particles of the first layer are deposited, thereby reducing the haze of the film and improving the light transmittance in the visible light region. This improves the binding of the fine particles to the substrate.

The film containing the fine particles as a main component is made of silicon,
Zirconium, titanium, and a method of applying a film made of each metal alkoxide such as aluminum or a partially hydrolyzed polymer of these metal alkoxides, a sputtering method or a vapor deposition method is also possible, but the easiness of a film forming process,
The coating method is effective due to advantages such as low film formation cost. This coating solution for a film contains one or more kinds of alkoxides such as silicon, zirconium, titanium and aluminum and partially hydrolyzed polycondensates thereof in water or alcohol, and the content thereof is determined by the oxidation obtained after heating. It is preferably 40% by weight or less in the total solution in terms of a substance. If necessary, the pH can be adjusted by adding an acid or an alkali. An oxide film of silicon, zirconium, titanium, aluminum, or the like can be easily formed by applying such a liquid as a second layer on a film containing the above fine particles as a main component and heating.

The method of applying the coating solution and the coating solution for the film is not particularly limited, and a spin coating method,
Any method, such as a spray coating method, a dip coating method, a screen printing method, and a flow coating method, can be appropriately adopted as long as it is a method that can apply the treatment liquid flatly, thinly and uniformly.

The substrate heating temperature after application of the coating solution containing each of the above metal alkoxides and the partially hydrolyzed polymer is as follows:
If the temperature is lower than 100 ° C., the polymerization reaction of the alkoxide and its partially hydrolyzed polymer contained in the coating film often remains uncompleted, and water and an organic solvent remain in the film, causing visible light transmission of the film after heating. The heating is preferably performed at 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably at a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point of the solvent in the coating liquid, since this causes a reduction in the rate.

When a synthetic resin binder is used, it may be cured according to each curing method. For example, an ultraviolet curable resin may be irradiated with an appropriate amount of ultraviolet light, and a room temperature curable resin may be used after application. Since it may be left alone, it can be applied to existing window glass and the like on site, and the versatility is expanded.

The coating liquid according to the present invention is a dispersion of the above-mentioned fine particles, and does not form a target solar radiation shielding film by utilizing decomposition or chemical reaction of components of the coating liquid due to heat during baking. It is possible to form a thin, permeable film having a stable and uniform film thickness.

The fine particle-dispersed film of the present invention is a film in which fine particles are deposited at a high density on a substrate to form a film, and each metal alkoxide of silicon, zirconium, titanium, and aluminum contained in a coating solution or a portion thereof. The hydrolyzed polymer or the synthetic resin binder has an effect of improving the binding property of the fine particles to the substrate after the coating film is cured, and further improving the strength of the film.

As described above, according to the present invention, by appropriately mixing the materials of the inorganic fine particles, it is possible to adjust the ultraviolet ray, visible light ray, and infrared ray sunlight transmittance and color tone to produce an ink suitable for the purpose. Become. In addition, since these fine particle materials are inorganic materials, they have extremely high weather resistance as compared with organic materials. For example, even when used in a portion exposed to sunlight (ultraviolet rays), color and various characteristics are hardly deteriorated.

In addition, in terms of being able to produce a large number of varieties in small quantities and forming a permselective membrane in accordance with the requirements, for example, when applying to a glass window of a single building, the window into which the sunshine is inserted is
In order to reduce the heat, a combination with a high solar shading effect,
The first-floor windows on the first floor have low visible light transmittance for privacy protection, strong sunlight during the day, fading of furniture and curtains, and sun protection for people who are worried about sunburn. It is possible to satisfy various demands with a simple method, such as a high-quality preparation and a preparation according to the color of the room. In addition, since these requests are most likely to be noticed after actually starting to be used, a coating solution using a binder that cures at room temperature is prepared according to the use conditions of windows and the like,
It is also very useful because it can be constructed on site.

[0029]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below along with comparative examples. Example 1 Iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) fine particles (average particle diameter 30 nm) 20
g, ethyl alcohol 69.5 g, diacetone alcohol (DAA) 10 g, and a titanate-based coupling agent (Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Plenact KR-44: trade name)
0.5 g and mixed with a ball mill using zirconia balls having a diameter of 4 mm for 80 hours to obtain iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ).
Was prepared (100 g).

Next, 25 g of ethyl silicate 40 (manufactured by Tama Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) having an average degree of polymerization of 4 to 5 mer,
30 g of ethanol was added to 70 g of an ethyl silicate solution prepared with 32 g of ethanol, 8 g of a 5% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and 5 g of water.
Was uniformly mixed to prepare 100 g of a mixed solution of ethyl silicate (Solution B).

The solution A and the solution B were diluted with ethanol and mixed well so as to have the composition of Example 1 in Table 1.
200x200x3mm that rotates 5g at 200rpm
From a beaker on a glass substrate of soda lime based glass
After shaking off for 5 minutes, the rotation was stopped. This is 18
The resultant was heated in an electric furnace at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a target film.

The transmittance of the formed film was measured at 200 to 1800 nm using a spectrophotometer manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., and the solar transmittance (τ) was measured in accordance with JIS R 3106.
e) The visible light transmittance (τv) and the ultraviolet transmittance (τuv) were calculated according to ISO 9050. 400n
The transmittance at 400 m (400 nm T%) was read. Table 2 shows the results. Table 2 also shows the optical characteristics of the films obtained in Examples 2 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 described below.

Example 2 The solution A was diluted with ethanol to a concentration of iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) of 3.0%, and 15 g of this solution was placed on a 200 × 200 × 3 mm soda-lime glass substrate rotated at 200 rpm. The solution was dropped from a beaker, shaken for 5 minutes, and then stopped rotating. Further, 15 g of a solution obtained by diluting the SiO ₂ concentration of the solution B with ethanol to 3.0% was further added to the solution.
The solution was dropped from a beaker onto the coated substrate rotating at 0 rpm, shaken off for 5 minutes, and then stopped. This was placed in an electric furnace at 180 ° C. and heated for 30 minutes to obtain a target film. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 3 20 g of iron (III) oxide hydroxide (FeO (OH)) fine particles (average particle size: 30 nm), 69.5 g of ethyl alcohol,
10 g of diacetone alcohol (DAA) and a titanate-based coupling agent (Plenact K manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.)
R-44: trade name) was mixed with a zirconia ball having a diameter of 4 mm and mixed in a ball mill for 80 hours to obtain a dispersion 100 of iron (III) oxide hydroxide (III) (FeO (OH)).
g was prepared (Solution C). Further, a room temperature curing resin (room temperature curing type silicone resin) is diluted with ethanol to obtain a solid content of 20%.
% Solution (solution D).

The solution C and the solution D were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 3 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1, and the optical characteristics of the film were measured. did. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 4 Solution A, Solution C and Solution D were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 4 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 5 Ruthenium oxide fine particles (RuO ₂ ) (average particle diameter 40 n)
m) 20 g of ethyl alcohol, 69.5 g of ethyl alcohol, 10 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and 0.5 g of a titanate-based coupling agent (Preneact KR-44, trade name, manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.), mixed with zirconia having a diameter of 4 mm Using a ball, the mixture was mixed in a ball mill for 100 hours to prepare 100 g of a dispersion of ruthenium oxide (RuO ₂ ) (Solution E).

The solution A, the solution E and the solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 5 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 6 Solution C, Solution E, and Solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 6 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 7 Solution C, Solution E and Solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 7 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 8 Solution C, Solution E, and Solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 8 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 9 Titanium nitride fine particles (TiN) (average particle size: 30 nm) 20
g, diacetone alcohol 69.5 g, N-methyl-2
-10 g of pyrrolidone and 0.5 g of a silane coupling agent are mixed, and ball milled using zirconia balls having a diameter of 4 mm for 100 hours to form titanium nitride (Ti).
100 g of a dispersion liquid of N) was prepared (F liquid).

The solution C, the solution F, and the solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 9 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 10 The solution F and the solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 10 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 11 Lanthanum boride fine particles (LaB ₆ ) (average particle diameter 40 n)
m) 20 g, 69.5 g of diacetone alcohol, 10 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and 0.5 g of a silane-based coupling agent were mixed, and the mixture was ball-milled using a zirconia ball having a diameter of 4 mm for 100 hours to obtain lanthanum boride. 100 g of a dispersion liquid of (LaB ₆ ) was prepared (Solution G).

The solution A, the solution G and the solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 11 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 12 The solutions E and B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 12 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 13 Tantalum nitride (TaN) fine particles (average particle size: 40 nm) 2
0 g, diacetone alcohol 69.5 g, N-methyl-
10 g of 2-pyrrolidone and 0.5 g of a silane-based coupling agent are mixed, and ball-milled using zirconia balls having a diameter of 4 mm for 100 hours to form tantalum nitride (Ta).
100 g of a dispersion liquid of N) was prepared (H liquid).

Solution C, solution H, and solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 13 in Table 1 and mixed well, and 15 g of this solution was rotated at 200 rpm to 200 × 200 ×
The solution was dropped from a beaker onto a 3 mm soda lime glass substrate, shaken for 5 minutes, and then stopped rotating. This was placed in an electric furnace at 180 ° C. and heated for 15 minutes to obtain a target film. Table 1 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 14 Titanium silicide (TiSi ₂ ) fine particles (average particle size: 50 nm)
20 g of diacetone alcohol, 69.5 g of diacetone alcohol, 10 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and 0.5 g of a silane coupling agent were mixed, and ball-mixed with a zirconia ball having a diameter of 4 mm for 100 hours to form titanium silicide (TiS).
100 g of a dispersion of i ₂ ) was prepared (Solution I).

Solution A, Solution I, and Solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 14 in Table 1 and mixed well, and 15 g of this solution was rotated at 200 rpm to 200 × 200 ×
The solution was dropped from a beaker onto a 3 mm soda lime glass substrate, shaken for 5 minutes, and then stopped rotating. This was placed in an electric furnace at 180 ° C. and heated for 15 minutes to obtain a target film. Table 1 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Example 15 Molybdenum silicide (MoSi ₂ ) fine particles (average particle size: 45 n)
m) 20 g of diacetone alcohol, 69.5 g of diacetone alcohol, 10 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and 0.5 g of a silane coupling agent were mixed, and the mixture was ball-milled using zirconia balls having a diameter of 4 mm for 100 hours, followed by mixing with molybdenum silicide (MoSi 100 g of the dispersion in ₂ ) was prepared (Solution J).

The solution C, the solution J and the solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Example 15 in Table 1, mixed well, and 15 g of this solution was rotated at 200 rpm to 200 × 200 ×
The solution was dropped from a beaker onto a 3 mm soda lime glass substrate, shaken for 5 minutes, and then stopped rotating. This was placed in an electric furnace at 180 ° C. and heated for 15 minutes to obtain a target film. Table 1 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Comparative Example 1 Titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ) fine particles (average particle diameter 50 nm) 3
0 g, 59.5 g of ethyl alcohol, 10 g of diacetone alcohol (DAA), and 0.5 g of a titanate coupling agent (Plenact KR-44, trade name, manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.), and using a zirconia ball having a diameter of 4 mm. And mixed with a ball mill for 100 hours to prepare 100 g of a dispersion of titanium oxide (H solution).

The solution H and the solution B were diluted with ethanol to have the composition of Comparative Example 1 shown in Table 1 and mixed well.
g was dropped from a beaker onto a 200 × 200 × 3 mm glass soda lime glass substrate rotating at 100 rpm, shaken for 2 minutes, and then stopped. This is 180
C. in an electric furnace at 15 ° C. for 15 minutes to obtain a target film. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

Comparative Example 2 Zinc oxide (ΖnO) fine particles (average particle diameter: 45 nm) 30
g, ethyl alcohol 59.5 g, diacetone alcohol (DAA) 10 g, and a titanate-based coupling agent (Ajinomoto Co., Ltd., Plenact KR-44: trade name)
0.5 g of a zirconia ball having a diameter of 4 mm and a ball mill for 100 hours.
00 g was prepared (Solution I).

The solution I and the solution B were diluted with ethanol so as to have the composition of Comparative Example 2 in Table 1, and a target film was obtained in the same procedure as in Comparative Example 1. Table 2 shows the optical characteristics of this film.

[0058]

[Table 1]

[0059]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2, in the embodiment according to the present invention, the solar transmittance (τe), the visible light transmittance (τv), the ultraviolet transmittance (τuv), and the transmittance at 400 nm (400n)
It can be seen that, over the entire optical characteristics (mT%), a numerical value superior to that of the comparative example is shown, and a desired color tone is obtained.

[0061]

As described above, according to the present invention, 400
Efficiently shields a wide range of ultraviolet rays from the wavelength of about nm to wavelengths shorter than that, maintains its effect more stably for a long time than conventional organic ultraviolet shielding agents and organic coloring dyes, and also has a function of shielding heat rays, By controlling the transmittance of the light region and mixing various inorganic fine particles, the desired color tone can be obtained.By selecting a binder using a simple and inexpensive coating method, it can be applied to the glass already installed. It is possible to provide a coating liquid for a permselective membrane, a permselective membrane, and a permselective multilayer film which can be applied on site.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI G02B 5/28 G02B 1/10 Z

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Fine particles of ruthenium oxide, fine particles of titanium nitride, fine particles of tantalum nitride having an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less,
A coating liquid for a permselective membrane, wherein at least one of titanium silicide fine particles, molybdenum silicide fine particles, lanthanum boride fine particles, iron oxide fine particles, and iron (III) oxide fine particles are dispersed. 2. The permselective membrane according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of silicon, zirconium, titanium, and aluminum metal alkoxides or a partially hydrolyzed polymer of each metal alkoxide. Coating liquid. 3. The coating solution for a permselective membrane according to claim 1, further comprising a synthetic resin as a binder. 4. A selective permeable membrane obtained by applying the coating liquid for a selective permeable membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to a base material and curing the applied base material. 5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising:
A permselective multilayer film comprising a film containing at least one of silicon, zirconium, titanium and aluminum metal alkoxides, or a partially hydrolyzed polymer of each metal alkoxide, or a synthetic resin. .