JPH11173989A - Measuring method for calorific value, gasification apparatus and its operating method - Google Patents
Measuring method for calorific value, gasification apparatus and its operating methodInfo
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- JPH11173989A JPH11173989A JP34602597A JP34602597A JPH11173989A JP H11173989 A JPH11173989 A JP H11173989A JP 34602597 A JP34602597 A JP 34602597A JP 34602597 A JP34602597 A JP 34602597A JP H11173989 A JPH11173989 A JP H11173989A
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- gas
- calorific value
- concentration
- generated gas
- gasification
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、石炭ガス化炉の生
成ガス等に適用される発熱量計測方法、並びに、該計測
方法を用いたガス化装置及びその運転方法に関する。さ
らに詳しくは、計測の応答性が飛躍的に向上し、生成ガ
スの前処理も大幅に簡素化された高温・高圧生成ガスの
発熱量計測方法、並びに、該計測方法を用いたガス化装
置及びその運転方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring a calorific value applied to a gas produced in a coal gasifier, a gasification apparatus using the measurement method, and a method for operating the same. More specifically, the measurement response is dramatically improved, and the pre-treatment of the generated gas is greatly simplified, and the calorific value measurement method for the high-temperature and high-pressure generated gas, and a gasifier and a gasifier using the measurement method It relates to the driving method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】石炭ガスによる発電においては、ガス化
炉から送られてくる生成ガスをガスタービン等の発電設
備に導き、それを燃料として使用する。この場合、目標
とする発電量に応じて生成ガスの発熱量を制御するこ
と、及び、生成ガス発熱量が燃料として許容され得る範
囲内に入るように常に制御することが非常に重要であ
る。従来の生成ガス発熱量の測定においては、図４に示
すように高温・高圧（例えば、約４００℃，３０気圧）
ガスの一部をサンプリングし、降圧，冷却，除塵，除湿
等の前処理を行い、常温・常圧で乾燥し、かつ塵を含ま
ない状態にする。その後、ガスクラマトグラフで組成を
分析し、その中の可燃ガスの濃度を算出し、可燃ガスの
理論発熱量から計算により生成ガスの発熱量を算出して
いた。2. Description of the Related Art In power generation using coal gas, generated gas sent from a gasification furnace is guided to a power generation facility such as a gas turbine and used as fuel. In this case, it is very important to control the calorific value of the generated gas in accordance with the target power generation amount, and to always control the calorific value of the generated gas so as to fall within a range allowable as fuel. In the conventional measurement of the generated gas calorific value, as shown in FIG. 4, high temperature and high pressure (for example, about 400 ° C., 30 atm)
A part of the gas is sampled, subjected to pretreatment such as pressure reduction, cooling, dust removal, and dehumidification, dried at normal temperature and normal pressure, and made into a state free of dust. Thereafter, the composition was analyzed by a gas chromatograph, the concentration of the combustible gas therein was calculated, and the calorific value of the generated gas was calculated from the theoretical calorific value of the combustible gas.
【０００３】具体的には、図４に示すようにガス化炉１
からの生成ガス２をサンプリング管３により一部をサン
プリングし、前処理装置４には降圧，冷却，除塵，除湿
したガスをガスクロマトグラフ５へ送る。ガスクロマト
グラフ５では、生成ガスが分析され、それぞれのガスの
濃度が測定される。ここで通常、石炭ガス化生成ガスの
場合には、一酸化炭素（ＣＯ）１０〜３０％，水素（Ｈ
2 ）４〜１０％，メタン（ＣＨ4 ）0.１〜１％，二酸化
炭素（ＣＯ2 ）５〜１０％，窒素（Ｎ2 ）５５〜７０％
の体積濃度を有する。上記成分ガスの内、可燃性ガスで
ある一酸化炭素，水素，メタンの濃度値が計算機６へ出
力され、下式により単位体積当たりの発熱量Ｑ（Kcal/N
m3）が計算される。 Ｑ＝ＣCO×ＪCO＋ＣH2×ＪH2＋ＣCH4 ×ＪCH4 ・・・（１） 式（１）中、ＣCOは一酸化炭素濃度（vol%）、ＪCOは一
酸化炭素の理論発熱量（Kcal/Nm3）、ＣH2，ＪH2はそれ
ぞれ水素濃度及びその理論発熱量、ＣCH4 ，ＪCH4 はそ
れぞれメタン濃度及びその理論発熱量である。[0003] Specifically, as shown in FIG.
A part of the generated gas 2 is sampled by a sampling pipe 3, and the gas whose pressure has been reduced, cooled, dedusted, and dehumidified is sent to a gas chromatograph 5 to a pretreatment device 4. In the gas chromatograph 5, the generated gas is analyzed, and the concentration of each gas is measured. Here, usually, in the case of a coal gasification product gas, 10 to 30% of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H
2) 4% to 10%, methane (CH 4) 0.1 to 1% carbon dioxide (CO 2) 5 to 10% nitrogen (N 2) 55 to 70%
Having a volume concentration of Among the above component gases, the concentration values of flammable gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane are output to the computer 6, and the calorific value per unit volume Q (Kcal / N
m 3 ) is calculated. Q = C CO × J CO + CH 2 × J H2 + C CH4 × J CH4 (1) In the formula (1), C CO is the concentration of carbon monoxide (vol%), and J CO is the theoretical heat generation of carbon monoxide. The amount (Kcal / Nm 3 ), C H2 and J H2 are the hydrogen concentration and its theoretical heating value, respectively, and C CH4 and J CH4 are the methane concentration and its theoretical heating value, respectively.
【０００４】上記生成ガス発熱量Ｑの計算結果は制御装
置７へ伝達されて、この結果によりガス化炉１内へ投入
される石炭量，空気量がそれぞれ供給弁１３，１４にて
調節され、生成ガス発熱量が常に許容範囲内に入るよう
に制御されていた。このように従来の石炭ガス化による
発電においては、石炭ガス化炉による生成ガスの発熱量
をガスクロマトグラフで測定し、その値によってガス化
炉１を制御していたが、ガスクロマトグラフを用いた場
合、分析に要する時間が５分程度以上必要とされるため
に速やかな制御ができなかった。The calculation result of the calorific value Q of the generated gas is transmitted to the control device 7, and the amount of coal and the amount of air charged into the gasifier 1 are adjusted by the supply valves 13 and 14 based on the result. The calorific value of the generated gas was controlled so as to always fall within the allowable range. As described above, in the conventional power generation by coal gasification, the calorific value of the gas generated by the coal gasifier is measured by a gas chromatograph, and the gasifier 1 is controlled by the measured value. In addition, quick control was not possible because the time required for analysis was about 5 minutes or more.
【０００５】これに対し、近年の火力発電では、昼間と
夜間との使用電力が大幅に違うため、従来に比べて負荷
（発電量）の時間的変動が大きくなっており、これに対
処するため最大負荷を１００％とすると、少なくとも１
分間当たり３％程度の負荷を増減できる制御速度が要求
されている。したがって、これに組み合わせるガス化炉
では、リアルタイム（少なくとも３０秒程度）でのガス
発熱量測定が要求されている。よって、ガスクロマトグ
ラフを用いた従来の発熱量計測方法では、火力発電等に
おけるガス化装置の効率的かつ信頼性の高い運転が困難
であるという問題点を有していた。また、従来のガス化
設備における別の問題としては、前処理装置でのトラブ
ルがある。特に冷却した際に、水滴あるいは析出したＮ
Ｈ4 Ｃｌ（塩化アンモニウム）が管内に付着し、管の閉
塞が頻繁に起こり、前処理装置のメインテナンスに多大
の労力を要していた。On the other hand, in thermal power generation in recent years, power consumption between daytime and nighttime is significantly different, so that the load (power generation amount) has a temporal variation larger than that of the conventional thermal power generation. If the maximum load is 100%, at least 1
A control speed capable of increasing or decreasing the load by about 3% per minute is required. Therefore, in the gasifier combined with this, it is required to measure the gas calorific value in real time (at least about 30 seconds). Therefore, the conventional calorific value measurement method using a gas chromatograph has a problem that it is difficult to operate a gasifier efficiently and highly reliably in thermal power generation or the like. Another problem in the conventional gasification equipment is a trouble in the pretreatment device. In particular, when cooled, water droplets or precipitated N
H 4 Cl (ammonium chloride) adhered to the inside of the tube, and frequently clogged the tube, requiring much labor for maintenance of the pretreatment device.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明者らは、上記問
題点に鑑み、ガス化炉の生成ガス等に適用される高温・
高圧ガスの発熱量計測において、計測の応答性に優れ、
リアルタイムでの計測が可能であり、かつ、生成ガスの
前処理も大幅に簡素化された発熱量計測方法、並びに、
ガス化炉へ投入する燃料及び空気の供給量を速やかに制
御，調整できるガス化装置及びその運転方法を開発すべ
く鋭意検討した。その結果、本発明者らは、従来のガス
クロマトグラフを用いる計測方法とは全く異なり、レー
ザー光を照射した際の散乱光のスペクトラム分析に基づ
き、生成ガス中の成分及び濃度を計測して、生成ガスの
発熱量を算出する方法により、かかる問題点が解決され
ることを見い出した。本発明は、かかる見地より完成さ
れたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present inventors have developed a high-temperature,
Excellent measurement response in high pressure gas calorific value measurement,
A calorific value measurement method capable of real-time measurement and greatly simplifying pretreatment of generated gas, and
We have studied diligently to develop a gasifier that can quickly control and adjust the amounts of fuel and air supplied to the gasifier and its operating method. As a result, the present inventors are completely different from the conventional measurement method using a gas chromatograph, based on the spectrum analysis of scattered light when irradiating laser light, to measure the components and concentration in the generated gas, It has been found that such a problem can be solved by a method of calculating the calorific value of gas. The present invention has been completed from such a viewpoint.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち、本発明は、ガ
ス化生成ガスにレーザー光を照射（入射）し、該生成ガ
スからの散乱光をスペクトラム分析することにより、該
生成ガス中の可燃性ガスの濃度を計測して、該濃度から
発熱量を算出することを特徴とする発熱量計測方法を提
供するものである。また、本発明は、上記方法により計
測した生成ガスの発熱量の結果を用い、制御装置を通じ
て燃料供給弁及び空気供給弁を調節することにより、ガ
ス化炉へ投入する燃料及び空気の供給量を調整すること
を特徴とするガス化装置、並びに、該ガス化装置の運転
方法を提供するものである。That is, the present invention irradiates (incidents) a laser beam to a gasification product gas and performs spectrum analysis of scattered light from the product gas, thereby obtaining a combustible gas in the product gas. It is an object of the present invention to provide a calorific value measuring method, which comprises measuring a gas concentration and calculating a calorific value from the concentration. Further, the present invention uses the result of the calorific value of the generated gas measured by the above method, and adjusts the fuel supply valve and the air supply valve through the control device, thereby controlling the supply amounts of the fuel and the air to be supplied to the gasification furnace. An object of the present invention is to provide a gasifier characterized by adjustment and a method of operating the gasifier.
【０００８】本発明では上記のような特徴を有すること
によって、ガスクロマトグラフを用いた場合には困難で
あった速やかな制御が可能となり、リアルタイム（少な
くとも３０秒程度）での生成ガス発熱量計測が可能であ
る。また、上記発熱量計測方法を用いて、投入する燃料
及び空気の供給量を調整するガス化装置の運転方法で
は、要求される負荷の増減が可能であり、火力発電等の
設備の一部に採用すれば、設備の効率的な運転が可能で
ある。更に、本発明では、ガス化設備の前処理装置等に
おいて、冷却した際の水滴等の管内に付着、さらには管
の閉塞の問題が解消され、前処理装置のメインテナンス
の労力軽減を図ることができる。以下、本発明につい
て、詳細に説明する。According to the present invention, the above-mentioned features enable quick control, which was difficult when using a gas chromatograph, and make it possible to measure the generated gas calorific value in real time (at least about 30 seconds). It is possible. In addition, in the operation method of the gasifier that adjusts the supply amounts of the supplied fuel and air by using the above-described calorific value measurement method, the required load can be increased or decreased, and it is necessary to use a part of equipment such as thermal power generation. If adopted, the equipment can be operated efficiently. Further, in the present invention, in a pretreatment device or the like of a gasification facility, it is possible to eliminate the problem of water droplets or the like adhering to the inside of a tube when cooled, and further to solve the problem of blockage of the tube, thereby reducing the labor for maintenance of the pretreatment device. it can. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】添付図面（図１〜３）を参照しな
がら、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。実施の形態 図１は、本発明に係る発熱量計測方法により、生成ガス
の発熱量を計測して、投入する燃料及び空気の供給量を
調整するガス化装置の実施の形態の１つを示す構造図で
ある。図１において、ガス化炉１では石炭等の燃料をガ
ス化する。ガス化された生成ガス２は、ガスタービン１
１に連結された配管１２に誘導されるが、その一部は途
中に設けられたサンプリング管３を通って、前処理装置
４に導かれる。前処理装置４では、生成ガス２を脱塵処
理する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings (FIGS. 1 to 3). Embodiment FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a gasification apparatus that measures the calorific value of a generated gas by the calorific value measuring method according to the present invention and adjusts the supply amounts of the supplied fuel and air. FIG. In FIG. 1, a gasifier 1 gasifies fuel such as coal. The gasified product gas 2 is supplied to the gas turbine 1
While being guided to a pipe 12 connected to 1, a part thereof is guided to a pretreatment device 4 through a sampling pipe 3 provided on the way. In the pretreatment device 4, the generated gas 2 is subjected to dust removal.
【００１０】一方、本発明の発熱量計測方法を用いたガ
ス化装置は、前処理装置から燃料及び空気供給弁に至る
までの計測，制御部において、生成ガスにレーザー光を
照射（入射）し、該生成ガスからの散乱光をスペクトラ
ム分析することにより、該生成ガス中の可燃性ガスの濃
度を計測して、該濃度から発熱量を算出する。図１によ
り具体的に説明すれば、以下のようになる。すなわち、
レーザー１５より発射されたレーザービーム１６は、レ
ンズ１７にて集光され、ビームスプリッタ１８を経由し
て、生成ガス管の計測部１９に取り付けた計測用窓２０
を通して管内部で焦点を結ぶ。レーザービーム焦点域２
１より散乱されたラマン光（散乱光）２２は、ビームス
プリッタ１８を経由して、レンズ２３で集光され分光器
２４に入射される。On the other hand, in a gasifier using the calorific value measuring method of the present invention, a measurement and control section from a pretreatment device to a fuel and air supply valve irradiates (incidents) a generated gas with laser light. By measuring the scattered light from the generated gas by spectrum analysis, the concentration of the combustible gas in the generated gas is measured, and the calorific value is calculated from the concentration. This will be described more specifically with reference to FIG. That is,
A laser beam 16 emitted from a laser 15 is condensed by a lens 17 and passes through a beam splitter 18 to a measurement window 20 attached to a measurement unit 19 of a generated gas pipe.
Focus inside the tube through. Laser beam focal area 2
Raman light (scattered light) 22 scattered from 1 is condensed by a lens 23 via a beam splitter 18 and is incident on a spectroscope 24.
【００１１】分光器２４では、散乱光のスペクトラム
（波長及び強度）が計測され、計測データが計算機６に
伝達される。計算機６では散乱光のスペクトラムより、
生成ガス中の各成分及びその濃度が解析される。生成ガ
スの内、可燃性ガスである一酸化炭素，水素，メタンの
濃度値が計算機６へ出力され、下式により単位体積当た
りの発熱量Ｑ（Kcal/Nm3）が計算される。 Ｑ＝ＣCO×ＪCO＋ＣH2×ＪH2＋ＣCH4 ×ＪCH4 ・・・（１） 式（１）中、ＣCOは一酸化炭素濃度（vol%）、ＪCOは一
酸化炭素の理論発熱量（Kcal/Nm3）、ＣH2，ＪH2はそれ
ぞれ水素濃度及びその理論発熱量、ＣCH4 ，ＪCH4 はそ
れぞれメタン濃度及びその理論発熱量である。In the spectroscope 24, the spectrum (wavelength and intensity) of the scattered light is measured, and the measurement data is transmitted to the computer 6. In the computer 6, from the spectrum of the scattered light,
Each component in the product gas and its concentration are analyzed. Among the produced gases, the concentration values of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane are output to the computer 6, and the calorific value per unit volume Q (Kcal / Nm 3 ) is calculated by the following equation. Q = C CO × J CO + CH 2 × J H2 + C CH4 × J CH4 (1) In the formula (1), C CO is the concentration of carbon monoxide (vol%), and J CO is the theoretical heat generation of carbon monoxide. The amount (Kcal / Nm 3 ), C H2 and J H2 are the hydrogen concentration and its theoretical heating value, respectively, and C CH4 and J CH4 are the methane concentration and its theoretical heating value, respectively.
【００１２】次いで、上記方法により計測した生成ガス
の発熱量を用い、制御装置を通じて燃料及び空気供給弁
を調節することにより、ガス化炉へ投入する燃料及び空
気の供給量を調整する。すなわち、生成ガス発熱量Ｑの
計算結果が制御装置７へ伝達されて、ガス化炉運転制御
用信号に変換される。この信号により、ガス化炉１内へ
投入される石炭等の燃料量，空気量がそれぞれ燃料供給
弁１３，空気供給弁１４にて調節され、生成ガス発熱量
が常に許容範囲内に入るように制御される。Next, by using the calorific value of the generated gas measured by the above method, the fuel and air supply valves are adjusted through the control device to adjust the supply amounts of the fuel and air to be supplied to the gasification furnace. That is, the calculation result of the generated gas calorific value Q is transmitted to the control device 7 and converted into a gasification furnace operation control signal. With this signal, the amount of fuel such as coal and the amount of air supplied into the gasifier 1 are adjusted by the fuel supply valve 13 and the air supply valve 14, respectively, so that the calorific value of the generated gas always falls within the allowable range. Controlled.
【００１３】ここで、散乱光のスペクトラムからガス成
分濃度を求める原理は、ラマン散乱分光分析法に基づい
ており、図２で説明する。計測対象のガス分子に周波数
ω1 （波長λ＝光速ｃ／周波数ω）のレーザービームを
入射すると、ラマン効果により基本光ω1 より周波数が
低いほうにΔωシフトした周波数ω2 のストークス光、
及び周波数が高い方にΔωシフトした周波数ω3 のアン
チストークス光がラマン光として発生する。そして、こ
のシフト量Δωは成分に固有な量であるため、この値に
より生成ガス中の各成分を特定できる。また、ストーク
ス光の強度Ｉ2 及びアンチストークス光の強度Ｉ3 は、
各成分の分子数すなわち濃度に比例する。したがって、
ラマン散乱光のスペクトラム（波長及び強度）を計測す
ることにより、ガスの成分濃度を計測できることにな
る。Here, the principle of obtaining the gas component concentration from the spectrum of the scattered light is based on Raman scattering spectroscopy and will be described with reference to FIG. When a laser beam having a frequency ω 1 (wavelength λ = light speed c / frequency ω) is incident on a gas molecule to be measured, Stokes light having a frequency ω 2 shifted by Δω to a lower frequency than the fundamental light ω 1 due to the Raman effect,
And anti-Stokes light of a frequency omega 3 that Δω shift occurs as the Raman light in the higher frequencies. Since this shift amount Δω is an amount unique to the component, each component in the generated gas can be specified by this value. The intensity I 2 of the Stokes light and the intensity I 3 of the anti-Stokes light are
It is proportional to the number of molecules of each component, that is, the concentration. Therefore,
By measuring the spectrum (wavelength and intensity) of the Raman scattered light, the concentration of the gas component can be measured.
【００１４】図３に、石炭ガス化生成ガスを計測対象と
した場合のスペクトラム計測例を示すが、このように各
成分の濃度が同時に計測できる。計測に要する時間につ
いては、原理的に散乱光の測定なので高速であること、
及び計測信号を全て電気信号として取り扱えるので数秒
以内である。また、前処理については、必要な処理は除
塵のみである。原理的にガスが高温高圧であっても制約
を受けないし、水分が含まれていてもよく、スペクトラ
ム分析により水分濃度も計測可能である。したがって、
ガスを冷却した際に、水滴あるいは析出したＮＨ4 Ｃｌ
（塩化アンモニウム）が管内に付着し、管の閉塞を起こ
すことがなくなり、従来多大の労力（手間）を要してい
た前処理装置のメインテナンスが大幅に軽減される。こ
のように、ラマン散乱法をガス化生成ガスの発熱量計測
に応用すると、計測の応答性が飛躍的に向上し、前処理
も大幅に簡素化され、従来法の課題が解決される。FIG. 3 shows an example of spectrum measurement in the case where the coal gasification product gas is to be measured. In this way, the concentrations of the components can be measured simultaneously. Regarding the time required for measurement, it is high-speed because it is a measurement of scattered light in principle,
In addition, all the measurement signals can be handled as electric signals, which is within a few seconds. As for the pretreatment, the only necessary treatment is dust removal. In principle, there is no restriction even if the gas is at high temperature and high pressure, and the gas may contain moisture, and the moisture concentration can be measured by spectrum analysis. Therefore,
When the gas is cooled, water droplets or precipitated NH 4 Cl
(Ammonium chloride) does not adhere to the inside of the tube and does not cause blockage of the tube, so that maintenance of the pretreatment device, which conventionally required a great deal of labor (labor), is greatly reduced. As described above, when the Raman scattering method is applied to the measurement of the calorific value of the gasification product gas, the responsiveness of the measurement is drastically improved, the preprocessing is greatly simplified, and the problems of the conventional method are solved.
【００１５】一方、ラマン散乱法は通常、ガスの成分濃
度計測にはあまり利用されていない。これは、ラマン散
乱光の強度は非常に微弱であるため、ノイズ信号に埋も
れやすく、良好なＳ／Ｎ比で計測することが容易でない
からである。他方、石炭等のガス化生成ガスは前記した
ように非常に高圧である。高圧場のガスは、単位体積当
たりの分子数が圧力に比例して増加する。ラマン散乱光
強度は分子数に比例するので、例えば石炭ガス化生成ガ
スを計測対象とした場合、常圧のガスに比べてＳ／Ｎ比
が大幅に向上する。かかる観点とともに、前記した応答
性及び前処理の容易な点により、ラマン散乱法をガス化
生成ガスの発熱量計測に応用すると、特有な効果を発揮
できるのである。On the other hand, the Raman scattering method is not generally used for measuring the component concentration of a gas. This is because the intensity of the Raman scattered light is very weak, so it is easily buried in a noise signal, and it is not easy to measure with a good S / N ratio. On the other hand, the gasification product gas such as coal has a very high pressure as described above. The gas in the high-pressure field increases the number of molecules per unit volume in proportion to the pressure. Since the Raman scattered light intensity is proportional to the number of molecules, for example, when a coal gasification product gas is to be measured, the S / N ratio is significantly improved as compared with a gas at normal pressure. In addition to this point of view, due to the above-mentioned responsiveness and easy pretreatment, when the Raman scattering method is applied to the measurement of the calorific value of the gasification product gas, a special effect can be exhibited.
【００１６】本発明に係る発熱量計測方法及びガス化装
置は、上記実施の形態に限らず、本発明の技術的思想の
範囲において種々変形が可能であり、上記した具体的な
形態に何ら限定されるものではない。The calorific value measuring method and the gasifier according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. It is not something to be done.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明の発熱量計測方法は、石炭ガス化
炉の生成ガス等に適用される高温・高圧ガスの発熱量測
定において、リアルタイムでの計測が可能であり、ガス
化装置の計測部，制御部に用いれば、投入する燃料及び
空気の供給量を速やかに制御，調整することができる。
また、本発明のガス化装置及びその運転方法によれば、
ガス化炉へ投入する燃料及び空気の供給量を迅速かつ効
果的に調整できるので、火力発電で一般に要求される負
荷の増減速度での運転が可能である。更に、本発明によ
れば、例えば冷却した際に管の閉塞が起こり、前処理装
置のメインテナンスに多大の労力を要する等の不都合が
解消されて、優れた信頼性・安定性を有するガス化装置
を提供できる。したがって、本発明はガス化設備の信頼
性向上及び補修工事数の低減等に対する寄与も大きく、
その産業上の意義は極めて大きい。The calorific value measuring method of the present invention enables real-time measurement of the calorific value of a high-temperature and high-pressure gas applied to a gas produced in a coal gasifier, and the measurement of a gasifier. If it is used for the control unit and the control unit, the supply amounts of the supplied fuel and air can be quickly controlled and adjusted.
According to the gasifier of the present invention and the operating method thereof,
Since the supply amounts of fuel and air to be supplied to the gasifier can be adjusted quickly and effectively, it is possible to operate at a load increasing / decreasing speed generally required for thermal power generation. Further, according to the present invention, for example, a gasification device having excellent reliability and stability can be solved by eliminating inconveniences such as clogging of a pipe upon cooling and requiring much labor for maintenance of the pretreatment device. Can be provided. Therefore, the present invention greatly contributes to improving the reliability of gasification equipment and reducing the number of repair works, and the like.
Its industrial significance is extremely large.
【図１】本発明に係る発熱量計測方法を用いたガス化装
置の実施の形態を示す構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a gasification apparatus using a calorific value measurement method according to the present invention.
【図２】ラマン散乱の原理を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the principle of Raman scattering.
【図３】石炭ガス化生成ガスのラマン散乱を計測した場
合のスペクトラム（波長及び強度）の概略を示す図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a spectrum (wavelength and intensity) when Raman scattering of coal gasification product gas is measured.
【図４】従来のガスクラマトグラフを用いた発熱量計測
方法によるガス化装置の構成図である。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a gasifier according to a conventional calorific value measurement method using a gas chromatograph.
１ ガス化炉 ２ 生成ガス ３ サンプリング管 ４ 前処理装置 ５ ガスクロマトグラフ ６ 計算機 ７ 制御装置 １１ ガスタービン １２ 生成ガス配管 １３ 燃料供給弁 １４ 空気供給弁 １５ レーザー装置 １６ レーザービーム １７，２３ 集光レンズ １８ ビームスリッター １９ ガス管計測部 ２０ 計測用窓 ２１ レーザービーム焦点域 ２２ ラマン散乱光 ２４ スペクトラム分析分光器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification furnace 2 Produced gas 3 Sampling pipe 4 Pretreatment device 5 Gas chromatograph 6 Computer 7 Control device 11 Gas turbine 12 Produced gas piping 13 Fuel supply valve 14 Air supply valve 15 Laser device 16 Laser beam 17, 23 Condensing lens 18 Beam slitter 19 Gas tube measuring unit 20 Measurement window 21 Laser beam focal area 22 Raman scattered light 24 Spectrum analysis spectroscope
Claims (3)
該生成ガスからの散乱光をスペクトラム分析することに
より、該生成ガス中の可燃性ガスの濃度を計測して、該
濃度から生成ガスの発熱量を算出することを特徴とする
発熱量計測方法。Claims: 1. A gasification product gas is irradiated with a laser beam,
A calorific value measuring method comprising: measuring the concentration of a combustible gas in the produced gas by spectrum analysis of scattered light from the produced gas; and calculating the calorific value of the produced gas from the concentration.
測した生成ガスの発熱量により、ガス化炉へ投入する燃
料及び空気の供給量を調整することを特徴とするガス化
装置。2. A gasification apparatus wherein the supply amounts of fuel and air to be supplied to a gasification furnace are adjusted based on the heat generation amount of the generated gas measured by the heat generation amount measurement method according to claim 1.
測した生成ガスの発熱量により、ガス化炉へ投入する燃
料及び空気の供給量を調整することを特徴とするガス化
装置の運転方法。3. A method for operating a gasification apparatus, comprising: adjusting supply amounts of fuel and air to be supplied to a gasification furnace according to a heat generation amount of a generated gas measured by the heat generation amount measurement method according to claim 1. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34602597A JPH11173989A (en) | 1997-12-16 | 1997-12-16 | Measuring method for calorific value, gasification apparatus and its operating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34602597A JPH11173989A (en) | 1997-12-16 | 1997-12-16 | Measuring method for calorific value, gasification apparatus and its operating method |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004155046A Division JP2004325458A (en) | 2004-05-25 | 2004-05-25 | Calorific value measuring method, gasifier and its operating method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11173989A true JPH11173989A (en) | 1999-07-02 |
Family
ID=18380632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34602597A Pending JPH11173989A (en) | 1997-12-16 | 1997-12-16 | Measuring method for calorific value, gasification apparatus and its operating method |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JPH11173989A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010085374A (en) * | 2008-10-02 | 2010-04-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Apparatus for measuring gas component and method for adjusting optical axis thereof |
| CN102401794A (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-04-04 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Optical device unit and detection apparatus |
| WO2013091399A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | 武汉四方光电科技有限公司 | Coal gas component and calorific value measurement method |
| CN105527255A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-27 | 华南理工大学 | On-line monitoring system of coal characteristics of as-fired coal |
| CN109870430A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-11 | 西派特（北京）科技有限公司 | Coal quality on-line analysis |
-
1997
- 1997-12-16 JP JP34602597A patent/JPH11173989A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010085374A (en) * | 2008-10-02 | 2010-04-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Apparatus for measuring gas component and method for adjusting optical axis thereof |
| CN102401794A (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-04-04 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Optical device unit and detection apparatus |
| WO2013091399A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | 武汉四方光电科技有限公司 | Coal gas component and calorific value measurement method |
| CN105527255A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-27 | 华南理工大学 | On-line monitoring system of coal characteristics of as-fired coal |
| CN109870430A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-11 | 西派特（北京）科技有限公司 | Coal quality on-line analysis |
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