JPH11162269A - Superconducting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a superconducting equipment enhanced in reliability by quickly detecting the quenching phenomenon of a superconducting wire rod or suppressing the influence by the quenching phenomenon. SOLUTION: A V-shaped slit 12 is spirally formed on the outside surface of a FRP insulating cylinder 1. A temperature measuring optical fiber 3 is wound along the slit 13. The optical fiber 3 is connected to a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature on the basis of a characteristic change by ambient temperature change. A superconducting wire rod 2 is wound on the optical fiber 3 along the slit 12, whereby the optical fiber 3 and the superconducting wire rod 2 are installed into the slit 12 in the mutually contact state. The winding by the superconducting wire rod 2 is constituted as the coil of a superconducting transformer cooled to superconductive state by liquid helium or liquid nitrogen.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power device using a superconducting material, and more particularly to a superconducting device having improved quench phenomenon detection and control functions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the economy has been in a stable growth period, but since power demand has been steadily increasing, it is still necessary to add power generation facilities and transmission facilities. However, along with the difficulty of acquiring land for new power plants and transmission lines, various problems such as a decrease in the margin of stability of the power system have become apparent, and there is a need to increase transmission power capacity and realize long-distance transmission. Response is becoming increasingly difficult. Therefore, recently, as a technique for solving such a problem, a device utilizing a superconductivity phenomenon has been attracting attention.

For example, when the power transmission line becomes superconducting, a large current can flow because the loss due to resistance is eliminated. Therefore, there is no need to increase the transmission voltage by enlarging the transmission line in order to transmit a large amount of electric power.

[0004] The application of such superconductors to power equipment has been studied for a relatively long time.
Along with the development of the superconducting device for AC, as shown in FIG. 12, research on application to AC electric devices such as the superconducting transformer 20 is also progressing. For superconducting elements used in such AC electric equipment, not only metal-based superconducting elements such as NiTi that exhibit superconducting properties at liquid helium temperature, but also oxide superconducting elements that exhibit superconducting properties even at liquid nitrogen temperature can be applied. It is becoming. For example, at present,
A prototype of a 6 kV 1000 kVA class superconducting transformer and a superconducting cable and a superconducting current limiter have also been reported (Iwakuma, “Design and Prototyping of Superconducting Transformer”: Discharge Research No. 15).
2, 7.2 (1996), Okuma, Iwata "Current status of development of superconducting power cables and current limiters": Discharge Research No. 152,
7.3 (1996)).

[0005]

However, in a power AC device utilizing such a superconducting phenomenon, a quench phenomenon in which a superconducting element transitions from a superconducting state to a normal conducting state may occur. However, if a quench phenomenon occurs in a device such as a superconducting transformer or a superconducting cable that needs to maintain the superconducting state at all times, resistance will be generated in the relevant portion, and the loss due to the flow of current will become heat, and the relevant portion will become heat. Temperature rises rapidly, which can cause equipment damage.

In order to cool the superconducting wire, liquid helium, liquid nitrogen, or the like is used as an insulating medium. However, when a quench phenomenon occurs, these insulating media are vaporized to generate bubbles. Since these bubbles are gas, their dielectric strength is low, and if they enter a space where a high voltage is applied, they may cause dielectric breakdown.

In order to cope with such a problem, conventionally, as a method for determining whether or not a quench phenomenon has occurred in a superconducting wire of a superconducting device or a method for preventing dielectric breakdown due to bubbles, the following methods are described. Methods have been proposed, but each has problems.

[0008] The first method is to monitor a voltage generated between a certain element portion and propose a quench phenomenon when a voltage is generated as proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-194822. Is determined to have occurred. However, according to this method, when the quench occurs in a high-voltage portion, it is necessary to measure the voltage in a state in which the quench is insulated from the ground.

A second method is a method of irradiating a superconducting element with microwaves and measuring the reflectance or transmittance of the superconducting element, as proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 24488/1988. This is to determine the phenomenon. However, in this method, the superconducting element had to be arranged in a naked state and without being hidden by other objects, and it was not possible to detect the quench of the superconducting element covered with an insulating film or the like, or installed in the back. .

A third method, as proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 1-206825, is a method of determining the end of a current-limiting element or a connection between current-limiting elements in which a superconducting state is easily destroyed by the influence of heat. A quench phenomenon is monitored by attaching a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature rise to a normal conduction state portion of the portion. However, in this method, when a sensor is attached to a portion expected in advance, a temperature rise due to a quench phenomenon in the expected portion can be detected, but a quench phenomenon in an unexpected portion cannot be detected.

A method of judging by pressure A fourth method is to cover a superconducting wire with an elongate cylindrical coating so as to be airtight as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-23513, It detects internal pressure changes. However, in this method, even if a quench occurs in a part of the electric power equipment, it takes time for the pressure wave to reach the pressure sensor. Of the quench is difficult to detect. Also, it has been difficult to install a pressure sensor in the high voltage portion.

A fifth method for preventing the influence of air bubbles is a method for preventing dielectric breakdown due to air bubbles. As proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-198225, a superconducting wire is made of a metal cylinder having a slit. It is attached inside. According to this method, the bubbles generated around the superconducting wire due to the quench phenomenon remain inside the metal cylinder, so that an electric field is not applied and the insulation does not become a weak point. However, this method is very costly because the superconducting wire is inserted into the metal cylinder. In addition, when the superconducting wire is mounted, the direction in which the slit is opened must always be the lower direction, and the space may be collapsed during the winding operation.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the prior art as described above.
An object of the present invention is to provide a superconducting device having improved reliability by detecting a quench phenomenon of a superconducting wire immediately or suppressing an influence of the quench phenomenon.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a superconducting device using a superconducting wire obtained by processing a superconducting element into a long wire as a high voltage charging path. An optical fiber for temperature measurement is attached along the superconducting wire. According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the optical fiber for temperature measurement is in close contact with the superconducting wire, the temperature distribution of the superconducting wire can be measured. Therefore, when the temperature rise is measured in a portion where the temperature does not normally rise, it is possible to detect that the quenching phenomenon has occurred in the portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a superconducting device using a superconducting wire in which a superconducting element is processed into a long wire as a high-voltage charging path, an optical fiber for temperature measurement is inserted inside the superconducting wire. It is characterized by having been done. According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is almost no thermal gradient between the optical fiber and the superconducting wire,
Since heat is transferred in a short time, accurate temperature measurement can be performed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the superconducting device according to the first aspect, the optical fiber is inserted into a metal tube. According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the metal tube serves as the cover, deterioration of the characteristics of the optical fiber due to mechanical stress during cooling or the like is prevented, and the temperature of the superconducting wire can be accurately adjusted. Can be measured.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superconducting device in which at least one set of a large-diameter and a small-diameter insulating tube is concentrically arranged via a spacing piece, and a superconducting element is formed into a long wire around the insulating tube. In a superconducting device around which a wire is wound, an electrostatic shield is attached inside the insulating cylinder and outside the spacing piece. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when a quench phenomenon occurs in the superconducting wire, a resistance is generated in the superconducting wire, and a voltage difference is generated between turns and between the windings. This potential difference is much larger between layers than between turns. However, even if the quench phenomenon occurs and the temperature of the superconducting wire rises due to Joule heat, and the insulating medium in contact with the superconducting wire boils and bubbles are generated, the part where the electric field between turns with a low voltage difference is applied The bubble enters, but the path through which the bubble rises is surrounded by an electrostatic shield. For this reason, bubbles do not enter the portion where the electric field between the layers having a large voltage difference is applied, and do not become a weak point on insulation.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the superconducting device according to the fourth aspect, the spacing piece has a resistance smaller than a resistance when the superconducting wire is in a normal conducting state. It is characterized by. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the resistance of the spacer disposed outside the superconducting wire is smaller than the resistance when the quench phenomenon occurs in the superconducting wire. For this reason, when the quench phenomenon occurs, the current mainly flows through the spacing piece, so that the current flowing through the superconducting wire decreases, and the deterioration of the superconducting wire due to the Joule heat generated in the superelectric wire can be prevented.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the superconducting device according to the fourth or fifth aspect, the insulating cylinder has a resistance in an axial direction smaller than a resistance when the superconducting wire is in a normal conducting state. Is used. According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the resistance in the axial direction of the insulating cylinder around which the superconducting wire is wound is smaller than the resistance when the quench phenomenon occurs in the superconducting wire. Therefore, when the quench phenomenon occurs, the current mainly flows through the insulating cylinder, so that the current flowing through the superconducting wire is reduced, and the deterioration of the superconducting wire due to Joule heat generated in the superconducting wire can be prevented.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superconducting device in which at least one set of a large-diameter and a small-diameter insulating cylinder is concentrically arranged via a spacing piece, and a superconducting element is formed into a long wire around the insulating cylinder. In the superconducting device in which the wire is wound, the winding directions of the superconducting wire with respect to two adjacent insulating cylinders are opposite to each other, are connected in parallel with each other, and an electrostatic shield is provided on the inner side of the inner insulating cylinder and the outer side of the outer insulating cylinder. It is characterized by being attached. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when a quench phenomenon occurs in the superconducting wire, a resistance is generated in the superconducting wire, and a voltage difference is generated between turns and between the windings. This potential difference is much larger between layers than between turns. However, the quench phenomenon occurs and the temperature of the superconducting wire increases due to Joule heat,
Even if the insulating medium in contact with the superconducting wire boils and bubbles are generated, the bubbles enter into the area where the electric field between turns with a low voltage difference is applied, but the passage where the bubbles rise is surrounded by an electrostatic shield. ing. For this reason, bubbles do not enter the portion where the electric field between the layers having a large voltage difference is applied, and do not become a weak point on insulation.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (1) First Embodiment (Configuration) An embodiment corresponding to the first aspect of the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the superconducting transformer according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view. That is, a cut 12 having a V-shaped cross section is spirally formed on the outer surface of the insulating tube 1 of the FRP. An optical fiber 3 for temperature measurement is wound along the cut 12. Optical fiber 3
Is connected to a temperature measuring device for measuring a temperature based on a characteristic change due to a change in ambient temperature.

The superconducting wire 2 is wound along the cut 12 from above the optical fiber 3, so that the optical fiber 3 and the superconducting wire 2 are mounted in the cut 12 in contact with each other. The winding of such a superconducting wire 2 is configured as a coil of a superconducting transformer that is cooled to a superconducting state by liquid helium, liquid nitrogen, or the like.

(Operation) In this embodiment as described above,
When the superconducting wire 2 is in a superconducting state, the superconducting wire 2 has no resistance, so that almost no loss occurs, and the temperature of the superconducting wire 2 is equal to the temperature of the cooling medium. However, when a current exceeding the rating flows through the superconducting wire 2 and a so-called quench phenomenon occurs in which the superconducting state of the superconducting wire 2 is broken, resistance is generated at that portion. Then, due to the resistance loss, the temperature of the superconducting wire rapidly rises. At this time, since the temperature distribution of the superconducting wire 2 can be detected by the optical fiber 3 and continuously monitored by the temperature measuring device, the location where the quench phenomenon has occurred becomes clear.

(Effect) According to the present embodiment as described above, the progress of the quench phenomenon can be accurately recognized, and it is possible to easily determine whether the quench phenomenon is normal or abnormal. Abnormalities can be detected at an early stage, and measures such as disconnection from the system can be taken.

When a long optical fiber 3 is used, the temperature can be measured with one or several optical fibers 3, so that the occurrence of a quench phenomenon in a wide range can be easily detected.

(2) Second Embodiment (Configuration) An embodiment corresponding to the second aspect of the present invention is
This will be described with reference to FIG. That is, FRP insulating cylinder 1
A cut 12 having a V-shaped cross section is formed in a spiral shape on the outer surface of the superconducting wire 3, and the superconducting wire 3 is wound along the cut 12. The optical fiber 2 is inserted into the superconducting wire 3. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(Effects) In the present embodiment as described above, by inserting the optical fiber 2 into the superconducting wire 2, the adhesion between the superconducting wire 2 and the optical fiber 2 is increased, and the thermal resistance is extremely small. Therefore, there is no time delay in the response for temperature measurement. Therefore, the time from the occurrence of the quenching phenomenon to the detection of an increase in the temperature is shortened, and a quick response by quick measurement becomes possible, so that the safety is further improved.

(3) Third Embodiment An embodiment corresponding to the invention described in claim 3 will be described with reference to FIG. That is, the present embodiment has the same configuration as the above-described first embodiment except that the optical fiber 3 is covered with the metal cover 6 which is a metal tube.

In the present embodiment as described above, since the optical fiber 3 is protected by the metal cover 6,
Since refraction and damage are prevented and the metal cover 6 and the superconducting wire 2 are in contact with each other, the thermal resistance can be reduced, and accurate temperature measurement can be performed.

(4) Fourth Embodiment (Configuration) Another embodiment corresponding to the first aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, the superconducting wire 2 and the optical fiber 3 are brought into close contact with each other by winding the coating 4 around the periphery thereof.
It is wound around the cut 12 of the insulating tube 1. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(Effects) In the present embodiment as described above, the adhesion between the superconducting wire 2 and the optical fiber 3 is increased, and the thermal resistance becomes extremely small, so that a time delay occurs in the response for temperature measurement. Nothing. Therefore, the same operation and effect as those of the second embodiment can be obtained, and the coating 4
If an insulating material is used, the insulating characteristics are improved.

(5) Fifth Embodiment (Configuration) An embodiment corresponding to the invention described in claim 4 is
This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the superconducting transformer of the present embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a radial sectional view. That is, in the present embodiment, the notch 12 having a V-shaped cross section is formed in a spiral shape on the outer surface of each of the plurality of FRP insulating cylinders 1 having different diameters. The superconducting wire 2 is wound around the cut 12. A predetermined number of such cylindrical windings composed of the insulating cylinder 1 and the superconducting wire 2 are arranged concentrically. A plurality of outer spacing pieces 6 and intermediate spacing pieces 7 are radially arranged between the insulating cylinders 1 to maintain the spacing between the insulating cylinders 1. Grooves 6 a are formed in the outer spacing pieces 6 at locations corresponding to the superconducting wires 2 and the cuts 12.

Further, an insulating sheet 9 coated with a high-resistance conductive paint 8 is provided between the outer spacing piece 6 and the intermediate spacing piece 7 and inside the insulating cylinder 1 around which the superconducting wire 2 is wound. I have. At the upper and lower ends of the insulating sheet 9, an electrostatic shield 8 for alleviating an electric field is attached. here,
The conductive paint 8 is applied so that its axial resistance is sufficiently larger than the resistance generated by the quench phenomenon in the superconducting wire 2, and the generation of heat due to the current flowing through the conductive paint 8 is suppressed. I have. Claim 4
The described electrostatic shield is configured by the insulating sheet 9 and the electrostatic shield 8.

(Effects) In the present embodiment as described above, under normal operating conditions, the superconducting wire 2 used for the windings hardly suffers any loss, so the insulating material such as liquid helium is used. Almost no bubbles are generated due to the vaporization of the medium, and there is no weak point in insulation. On the other hand, when a quench phenomenon occurs for some reason and resistance occurs in the superconducting wire 2 and bubbles are generated in the insulating medium due to Joule heat, the bubbles are formed between the inside of the insulating cylinder 1 and the outside of the outer spacing piece 6. That is, it passes through the space 14 maintained at the same potential between the insulating sheets 8. For this reason, the air bubbles do not pass through the space 15 to which the voltage between the layers of the windings is applied, so that the air bubbles do not become a weak point on insulation.

If the voltage applied between turns of the winding at the time of occurrence of the quench phenomenon is kept below the minimum voltage of the Paschen curve of helium of the insulating medium, bubbles are generated in the region where the voltage between turns is applied. Even if you enter,
No dielectric breakdown occurs. In other words, if the minimum voltage of the helium Paschen curve is suppressed to 340 V or less, for example, the voltage applied between turns when a quench occurs is 200 V
Therefore, even if air bubbles enter a region where a voltage between turns is applied, dielectric breakdown does not occur.

(6) Sixth Embodiment (Configuration) An embodiment corresponding to the fifth aspect of the present invention is
This will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, the present embodiment has basically the same configuration as the above-described fifth embodiment, but the outer interval piece 6 arranged outside the winding is
The resistance is smaller than the resistance of the superconducting wire 2 in a state where the quench phenomenon occurs, and the shape is a metal rod having heat radiation fins 16 attached to both sides.

(Function and Effect) In the present embodiment as described above, when a quench occurs in the superconducting wire 2, the current mainly flows to the outer spacing piece 6 having a small resistance, so that the current flowing in the superconducting wire 2 is small. Thus, deterioration due to Joule heat generated in superconducting wire 2 can be prevented.
In addition, since bubbles of the cooling medium are generated between the fins 16 of the outer spacing pieces 6, the bubbles are less likely to adhere to the superconducting wire 2, and the voltage applied between turns can be set high.

(7) Seventh Embodiment Another embodiment corresponding to the invention described in claim 5 is shown in FIG.
0 will be described. That is, in the present embodiment, the outer spacing piece 6 in the sixth embodiment has a shape in which the fins 16 are provided inside.

With the above configuration, the superconducting wire 2
In the case where the quench occurs, since the air bubbles of the cooling medium are generated only inside the outer spacing piece 6, the air bubbles do not enter the portion where the voltage between turns is applied, and the reliability in insulation is further improved.

(8) Eighth Embodiment An embodiment corresponding to the invention described in claim 6 will be described.
That is, this embodiment has basically the same configuration as that of the above-described fifth embodiment. However, as the insulating cylinder 1 around which the winding is wound, the resistance thereof is in a state where the quench occurs in the superconducting wire 2. The resistance is smaller than that of the resistance.

With the above configuration, the superconducting wire 2
When the quench phenomenon occurs, the current mainly flows through the insulating tube 1 having a small resistance, so that the current flowing through the superconducting wire 2 decreases, and the deterioration of the superconducting wire 2 due to the Joule heat generated in the superconducting wire 2 is prevented. be able to. Also,
Since bubbles of the cooling medium are generated in the outer spacing pieces 6, the bubbles are less likely to adhere to the superconducting wire 2 and the voltage applied between turns can be set higher.

(9) Ninth Embodiment (Structure) An embodiment corresponding to the invention of claim 7 is
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the superconducting current limiter of the present embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, a plurality of FRP insulating cylinders 1 having different diameters are used.
Are provided concentrically, and a cut 12 having a V-shaped cross section is formed in a spiral shape on each outer surface. The superconducting wire 2 is wound around the cut 12.

As described above, the superconducting wire 2 is wound in the opposite direction, and the two insulating cylinders 1 connected in parallel to each other are set as one set. By connecting a predetermined number of sets, a superconducting resistance type current limiter is formed. I have. An insulating sheet 9 coated with a high-resistance conductive paint 8 is provided inside and outside one set, and an electrostatic shield 10 for alleviating an electric field is attached to the upper and lower ends thereof. The electrostatic shield according to claim 7 is configured by the insulating sheet 9 and the electrostatic shield 8.

(Effects) In the present embodiment as described above, under normal operating conditions, the superconducting wire 2 used for the windings hardly suffers any loss, so that the insulating medium such as liquid helium is used. Almost no bubbles are generated due to vaporization, and there is no weak point in insulation. On the other hand, when a quench phenomenon occurs for some reason and a resistance is generated in the superconducting wire 2 and bubbles of the insulating medium are generated by Joule heat, the bubbles are generated in a space where a voltage accompanying the generation of the back electromotive force is applied to the resistance portion. If it does, dielectric breakdown may occur.

However, in this embodiment, since the insulating sheets 9 are arranged inside and outside one set, the generated air bubbles pass between the two insulating sheets 9. Therefore, the air bubbles do not pass through the space where the voltage between the windings is applied, and the air bubbles do not become a weak point on the insulation.

If the voltage applied between turns during the occurrence of the quench phenomenon is kept below the minimum voltage of the Paschen curve of helium of the insulating medium, the voltage may enter the region where the voltage between turns is applied. Even if it does, dielectric breakdown does not occur. In other words, if the minimum voltage of the helium Paschen curve is suppressed to 340 V or less, for example, if the voltage applied between turns when a quench occurs is set to 200 V, even if bubbles enter the region where the voltage between turns is applied, insulation is achieved. No destruction occurs.

(10) Other Embodiments The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the size, shape, number, etc. of each member can be changed as appropriate. For example, the cross section of the cut 12 formed in the insulating cylinder 1 is not limited to the V shape, but may be any shape such as a U shape. The cross section of the superconducting wire 2 is not limited to a simple circular shape, but may be a complicated shape such as a stranded wire. Furthermore, the insulating cylinder 1 in the eighth embodiment does not need to have a low resistance.
A configuration in which the inside is made of an insulating material and a metal stay is attached to the outside may be used.

The electrostatic sheet 9 is not limited to the one coated with the conductive paint 8, but may be an electrostatic shield such as a polymer sheet into which the conductive paint 8 is kneaded or an insulating sheet on which metal is deposited. The sheet having the effect described above may be used. Furthermore, the present embodiment can be applied to any device having a winding such as a superconducting transformer, a superconducting current limiter, and a superconducting coil for an energy storage device.

[0049]

As described above, according to the present invention, a quench phenomenon of a superconducting wire can be detected immediately or the influence of the quench phenomenon can be suppressed, thereby providing a superconducting device with improved reliability. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a winding portion of a superconducting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a winding portion in a second embodiment of the superconducting device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a winding part in a third embodiment of the superconducting device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a winding part in a fourth embodiment of the superconducting device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a winding part in a superconducting device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a radial sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a winding portion of a superconducting device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an outer space piece in the embodiment of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an outer space piece in a superconducting device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a winding part in a ninth embodiment of the superconducting device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a partially transparent perspective view showing an example of a general superconducting transformer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cylinder 2 ... Superconducting wire 3 ... Optical fiber 4 ... Coating 5 ... Metal cover 6 ... Outer spacing piece 7 ... Intermediate spacing piece 8 ... Conductive paint 9 ... Insulating sheet 10 ... Electrostatic shield 12 ... Cut 16 ... Fin

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A superconducting device using a superconducting wire obtained by processing a superconducting element into a long wire as a high-voltage charging path, wherein an optical fiber for temperature measurement is attached along the superconducting wire. And superconducting equipment. 2. A superconducting device using a superconducting wire obtained by processing a superconducting element into a long wire as a high-voltage charging path, wherein an optical fiber for temperature measurement is inserted inside the superconducting wire. And superconducting equipment. 3. The superconducting device according to claim 1, wherein said optical fiber is inserted into a metal tube. 4. A superconductor in which at least one set of a large-diameter and a small-diameter insulating cylinder is concentrically arranged via a spacing piece, and a superconducting wire obtained by processing a superconducting element into a long wire is wound around the insulating cylinder. A superconducting device, wherein an electrostatic shield is attached to the inside of the insulating cylinder and the outside of the spacing piece. 5. The superconducting device according to claim 4, wherein the spacing piece has a resistance smaller than a resistance when the superconducting wire is in a normal conducting state. 6. The insulating tube according to claim 4, wherein the insulating tube has an axial resistance smaller than that of the superconducting wire in a normal conducting state. Superconducting equipment. 7. At least one set of a large-diameter and a small-diameter insulating cylinder is concentrically arranged via a spacing piece, and a superconducting wire obtained by processing a superconducting element into a long wire is wound around the insulating cylinder. In superconducting equipment, the winding directions of the superconducting wires on two adjacent insulating cylinders are opposite to each other, they are connected in parallel, and an electrostatic shield is attached to the inside of the inner insulating cylinder and the outside of the outer insulating cylinder. Superconducting equipment characterized by the following.