JPH11133315A - Eyepiece and virtual image presenting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an eyepiece having long eye relief and high resolution over a wide image angle even when a pupil position is deviated from an optical axis. SOLUTION: An eyepiece is constituted of 1st lens group 1 to 4th lens group 4 arranged successively from the pupil side. The 1st lens group 1 is constituted of joining a positive lens 11 with a negative lens 12, the 2nd and 3rd lens groups 2, 3 are respectively constituted of positive lenses 21, 31, and the 4th lens group 4 is constituted of a negative lens 41. At lest one surface out of the 3rd lens group 3 or the 4th lens group 4, i.e., the pupil side surface 31A of the 3rd lens group 3 in Fig.1, is made an aspheric surface and the shape coefficient of the 2nd lens group 2 is set up to a value >0.5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an eyepiece and a virtual image providing apparatus, and more particularly, to a high-performance eyepiece, which can cover a wide angle of view even if the pupil position deviates from the optical axis. The present invention relates to an eyepiece and a virtual image providing apparatus which can provide a high-resolution virtual image.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, television broadcast images,
Images generated by the computer are CRT
(Cathode Ray Tube).

[0003] However, CRTs occupy considerable space in their installation.

Therefore, with the recent miniaturization of two-dimensional video display devices (elements) such as liquid crystal, such a small video display device is combined with an eyepiece and, if necessary, a projection lens. The eyepiece realizes an image providing device (virtual image providing device) called an HMD (Head Mount Display) that can be worn on the head and observes a virtual image of an image displayed by the image display device.

[0005] However, since the HMD is worn on the head, the user feels a sense of restraint, and when looking around, the HMD has to be attached and detached each time, which is inconvenient.

Accordingly, the applicant of the present application has disclosed, for example,
Japanese Patent No. 307667 proposes a display device in which a video display device and an eyepiece are combined and fixed to something other than the user, and a user can look at the eyepiece to observe a virtual image. doing. According to such a display device, there is no sense of restriction unlike the HMD, and
The surroundings can be easily seen.

[0007]

When the image providing apparatus is fixed to something other than the user, for example, when the user moves, the relative positional relationship between the user's pupil and the eyepiece changes. . Therefore, even if the user moves to some extent in the direction of the optical axis, it is necessary to set an interval between the user's pupil and the eyepiece so that they do not come into contact with each other. In addition, a user with low visual acuity, while wearing glasses,
Since the use of the image providing device may be performed, even if the user wearing glasses moves to some extent in the optical axis direction,
It is necessary to prevent the eyepiece from coming into contact with the eyepiece, and considering the user wearing such glasses, the distance between the user's pupil and the eyepiece needs to be longer.

Here, the length from the pupil to the lens on the pupil side, that is, an eyepiece having sufficient eye relief,
Although it is called an eyepiece of a high eye point, as an eyepiece of a high eye point, for example, USP 2,6
37, 245 and US Pat. No. 4,054,370.

When the user moves in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, the user's pupil position is shifted from the optical axis.
It is desirable that the eyepiece be a high-performance eyepiece that can provide a high-resolution image (virtual image) even in such a state and has a large allowable amount of pupil position shift.

[0010] Conventionally, as a video display device, a device in which the number of horizontal and vertical pixels is about 640 x 480 (VGA) has been generally used. Recently, due to requests for higher image quality,
For example, 1024 × 768 (XGA), 1600 × 1
Video display devices having the number of pixels such as 200 (UXGA) and 1920 × 1080 (high-definition) are becoming popular, and accordingly, eyepieces having higher resolution and a wider angle of view are required. It has become to.

However, increasing the eye relief and increasing the permissible amount of pupil position deviation are contrary requirements. Further, these requirements, increasing the resolution, and widening the angle of view are required. Doing so is also a conflicting demand.

Specifically, for example, USP 2,549,
158, the angle of view is as wide as about 80 degrees, but the eye relief is about 0.76f.
In contrast, for example, in the eyepiece disclosed in US Pat. No. 2,637,245, the eye relief is 1.375 f.
Although this is a degree and a high eye point, the angle of view is about 42 degrees. Further, it is difficult for any of these eyepieces to conform to the standards of UXGA and Hi-Vision.

On the other hand, if the focal length of the eyepiece lens (of the entire system) is made longer, the eye relief can be made longer and the allowable amount of the pupil position shift can be increased even with the same configuration.

However, when the size of the image is constant, the angle of view is inversely proportional to the focal length. Therefore, if the focal length of the eyepiece is increased, the angle of view becomes narrower, and the sense of reality is impaired. . In this case, if the image viewed through the eyepiece is enlarged, it is possible to secure the angle of view. However, the user can directly view the image displayed by the image display device through the eyepiece, and thereby obtain a virtual image. In the virtual image providing device provided with the above, it is difficult to secure the angle of view because the size of the video display device is limited.

Therefore, the image displayed by the image display device is
There is a method of enlarging and projecting the image on a screen by an optical system and viewing the projected image through an eyepiece. in this case,
The size of the projected image can be set according to the magnification of the optical system and the distance from the video display device to the screen, and by forming a large projected image, it is possible to secure a large angle of view. Become.

However, in order to form a large projection image, it is necessary to increase the magnification of the optical system and to increase the distance from the video display device to the screen. As a result, the size of the entire virtual image providing device increases. Will be.

The angle of view can be increased by shortening the focal length of the eyepiece. In this case, however, the eye relief is shortened and the tolerance of the pupil position shift is reduced. Further, when the angle of view is increased, astigmatism, image surface distortion, distortion, chromatic aberration of magnification, and the like are generally increased, and it is difficult to ensure resolution.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and has a long eye relief of an eyepiece and a high resolution over a wide angle of view even if the pupil position is shifted from the optical axis. It is intended to provide an image.

[0019]

In the eyepiece according to the first aspect, the first lens group is formed by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens, and the second and third lens groups are The fourth lens group includes a positive lens, and the fourth lens group includes at least one of the third and fourth lens groups.
The surface is aspherical.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the virtual image providing apparatus, the first lens group in the optical system for forming a virtual image of an image is configured by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens, and The lens group is constituted by a positive lens, the fourth lens group is constituted by a negative lens, and at least one surface of the third or fourth lens group is aspherical.

In the eyepiece according to the first aspect,
The first lens group is configured by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens, the second and third lens groups are configured by positive lenses, and the fourth lens group is configured by negative lenses. I have. At least one surface of the third or fourth lens group is aspheric.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the virtual image providing apparatus, the first lens group in the optical system that forms a virtual image of an image is configured by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens,
The second and third lens groups are composed of positive lenses, and the fourth lens group is composed of negative lenses. And
At least one surface of the third or fourth lens group is aspheric.

[0023]

FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of an eyepiece according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As described above, increasing the eye relief of the eyepiece and increasing the allowable amount of the pupil position deviation are contrary requirements, and accordingly, the difference between the eye relief and the pupil position deviation is required. The allowable amount needs to be set to a value that is practically allowable in consideration of the balance between the two.

In the eyepiece of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (the same applies to the eyepieces of the second to fourth embodiments described later), the eye relief is shifted, for example, to 35 mm (millimeters) or more. Is, for example, ± 9 m
m. Further, the angle of view is set such that a horizontal angle of view (full angle) of 35 degrees and a diagonal angle of view (full angle) of 40 degrees or more can be secured.

For example, in the case of binoculars or the like, the eye relief is generally about 20 mm. However, in this case, when the eyepiece is used in the above-described image providing apparatus fixed to a member other than the user. In addition, the eye relief is set to 35 mm or more in order to prevent the spectacles and the eyepiece from coming into contact with each other even if the user wearing the spectacles moves to some extent in the optical axis direction.

In general, the horizontal angle of view that gives a sense of realism is set to 30 degrees or more, so the horizontal angle of view is set to 35 degrees.

In FIG. 1, the eyepiece is constituted by five lenses in four groups. That is, the eyepiece (optical system)
Is configured such that a first lens group 1, a second lens group 2, a third lens group 3, and a fourth lens group 4 are sequentially arranged from the pupil side. In FIG. 1, for example, a screen or the like on which an image forming a virtual image is projected is installed on the right side of the fourth lens group 4, and when the image is viewed from the left side of the first lens group 1, the virtual image is obtained. Can be observed.

The first lens group 1 (first lens group) includes a lens 11 as a positive lens and a lens 12 as a negative lens. The lens 11 is arranged on the pupil side, and the lens 12 is arranged on the side opposite to the pupil (screen side).

The second lens group 2 (second lens group) comprises a lens 21 which is a positive lens. Further, the shape factor of the second lens group 2 is set to a value larger than 0.5. That is, the radius of curvature of the pupil-side surface of the second lens group 2 is r
When the radius of curvature of the surface on the side opposite to the pupil side (screen side) is r5, the shape factor sf2 of the second lens group ₂ is expressed by the following equation.

Sf ₂ = (r5 + r4) / (r5-r4) (1)

The second lens group 2 is configured such that the shape factor sf ₂ satisfies the following expression: 0.5 <sf ₂ (2)

The reason why the shape factor of the second lens group 2 is set to a value larger than 0.5 is that if the value is less than 0.5, the astigmatism is large and the eyepiece as shown by hatching in FIG. This is because the resolution of the intermediate region between the center and the end of the virtual image observed through the lens is degraded due to a decrease in the resolving power of the eyepiece.

Incidentally, the shape coefficient of the second lens group 2 is set to 0.1.
A value greater than 5 is desirable, but does not mean that it cannot be less.

The third lens group 3 (third lens group) also includes a lens 31 that is a positive lens.

The fourth lens group 4 (fourth lens group) includes a lens 41 which is a negative lens.

In FIG. 1 of the first to fourth lens groups 1 to 4, only the pupil-side surface 31A of the lens 31 constituting the third lens group 3 is aspheric. Further, in this case, the surface 31 on the pupil side of the third lens group 3
When the fourth-order aspherical coefficient of A is a ₃₁ , the focal length of the whole eyepiece lens system is f, and the predetermined coefficient is k ₃₁ , the following equation is obtained: −1.3 <k ₃₁ <0.6, However, the coefficient k ₃₁ is set so that a ₃₁ = (k ₃₁ / f) ³ (3) holds.

This is because when the coefficient k ₃₁ is equal to or less than −1.3, the image plane of the intermediate region (image plane in the meridional direction) shaded in FIG. 2 is too curved in the positive direction. Also, when the pupil is moved, coma aberration increases in the peripheral (edge) portion of the image screen, and in any case, the resolving power deteriorates. On the other hand, if the factor k ₃₁ becomes 0.6 or more, the image plane of the peripheral portion of the screen of the image is excessively bent in the negative direction, because resolution deteriorates.

The fourth-order aspherical coefficient of the lens, together with the sixth-order aspherical coefficient, defines the sag amount of the aspheric surface of the lens. When the spherical coefficient is a or b, the sag amount Z
Is represented by the following equation.

Z = ch ² / (1+ (1- (1 + K) c ² h ² ) ^1/2 + ah ⁴ + bh ⁶ (4) where c is the curvature at the vertex of the surface, and h is the optical axis , And K represents a cone coefficient, where,
It is assumed that K = 0.

Here, the coefficient k ₃₁ cannot be set to a value outside the range shown in the equation (3). However, if it is out of the range of the expression (3), the eyepiece is
The performance will be below.

That is, in the first embodiment of the eyepiece shown in FIG. 1 (similarly in the second to fourth embodiments of the eyepiece to be described later), five sets of three optical paths are set. Although the optical paths A to E are shown, for example, 3 on the optical axis
Taking a light path of a book as an example, the three light paths represent an upper ray, a principal ray, and a lower ray, respectively, in order from the top.

In this case, when the pupil is on the optical axis, the difference in the lateral aberration between the upper ray and the lower ray on the image plane is 2 minutes and 50 seconds (= 0.0472 degrees) or more. The time is defined as a range in which the resolution of the eyepiece is deteriorated.

That is, when an image (virtual image) is observed through an eyepiece, it is desirable that the pixels of the observed image can be distinguished. In this case, it is required that each ray such as an upper ray and a lower ray that passes through the eyepiece forms an image with an aberration of 1 to 2 pixels or less. On the other hand, here
Depending on the eyepiece, for example, horizontal x vertical is 1600 x 12
It is assumed that a virtual image of a high-resolution image such as 00 pixels is observed. Now, assuming that the horizontal viewing angle is 30 degrees or more, for example, 35 degrees, the difference of the lateral aberration between the upper ray and the lower ray is 2 minutes and 50 seconds for the 35 degree horizontal viewing angle. This corresponds to a resolution of 1/741 with respect to the horizontal angle of view. This resolution is 1600 × 120
This is the resolution of about 2 pixels in an image composed of 0 pixels.

Therefore, here, when an image composed of 1600 × 1200 pixels is observed with a horizontal angle of view of 35 ° observed, the resolution deteriorates when the two pixels cannot be distinguished. .

The case where the pupil is located on the optical axis is as described above, but the case where the pupil is not located on the optical axis (however, within the range of ± 9 mm from the optical axis, which is the allowable amount of the pupil shift described above). In some cases, the image plane is tilted when the difference in lateral aberration between the upper ray and the lower ray on the image plane is 4 minutes or more. When at least one of the difference in the lateral aberration or the difference in the lateral aberration between the lower ray and the principal ray is 4 minutes or longer, the resolution is degraded.

[0047] The factor k ₃₁ in the case of the range of formula (3), in the sense described above, the resolving power deteriorates. Here, the condition relating to the aspherical coefficient described below is also set so as not to deteriorate the resolving power in the meaning as described above.

In this case, when an image composed of 1600 × 1200 pixels is observed while securing a horizontal angle of view of 35 °, the worst case is set so that two pixels can be distinguished. However, more preferably, the setting can be performed so that one pixel or less can be distinguished. This is because the difference in lateral aberration between the upper ray and the lower ray is 1 minute and 20 seconds (0.022
Degree) should be less than or equal to.

Next, the coefficient k _31, is a value of the intermediate range of the range shown in Equation (3), for example, when a -0.800, each parameter of the ocular lens 1, a second When the shape factor sf ₂ of the lens group 2 is set to satisfy equation (2), for example, as follows.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 50.24994 d1 = 19.437488 nd1 = 1.578294 νd1 = 62.6745 r2 = -41.86735 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.750353 νd2 = 32.8672 r3 = 392.33990 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 38.58461 d4 = 14.577210 nd4 = 70.4000 r5 = 578.24030 d5 = 14.098421 r6 = 38.98957 d6 = 9.615117 nd6 = 1.600080 νd6 = 61.3702 r7 = -138.62195 d7 = 8.369858 r8 = -31.64800 d8 = 3.000000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 78.58062 a 31 = -0.522192 × 10 ^-5 b ₃₁ = -0.715067 × 10 ^-8 f = 46.112 (5)

Here, r0 to r9 are a pupil plane, a pupil-side surface of the lens 11, and a screen-side surface of the lens 11 (lens 12).
Surface of the lens 12 on the screen side, the surface of the lens 21 on the pupil side, the surface of the lens 21 on the screen side, the surface of the lens 31 on the pupil side, the surface of the lens 31 on the screen side, and the lens 41 The radius of curvature (mm) on the pupil-side surface or the screen-side surface of the lens 41 is shown. Also,
d0 represents the distance (eye relief) (mm) from the pupil to the eyepiece, that is, the lens 11 of the first lens group 1, and d1
To d8 are the thickness of the lens 11, the thickness of the lens 12, the air gap between the lens 12 and the lens 21, the thickness of the lens 21, the air gap between the lens 21 and the lens 31, the thickness of the lens 31, The air gap between the lens 41 and the lens 41 and the thickness (mm) of the lens 41 are respectively shown. Furthermore, nd
1, nd2, nd4, nd6, or nd8 are lenses 11, 12,
Represents the refractive index of the respective glass materials at 21, 31 or 41 at the d-line, νd1, νd2, νd4, νd6, or νd8
Represents the Abbe number of the lens material of each of the lenses 11, 12, 21, 31, or 41 at d-line. A ₃₁ or b ₃₁ represents a fourth-order or sixth-order aspherical coefficient of the pupil-side surface 31A of the third lens group 3, which is an aspherical surface, respectively.
f represents the focal length of the eyepiece for light having a wavelength of 525 nm (nanometers).

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 1.143, which satisfies the expression (2).

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (5) and the pupil is on the optical axis, an optical path diagram as shown in FIG. 1 is drawn. Also,
In this case, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 3, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.

Here, in FIG. 3, regarding the spherical aberration, the wavelengths are 615.0 nm, 525.0 nm and 470 n.
The three types of light of m are shown (therefore, looking at the spherical aberration for the light of each wavelength, it represents vertical chromatic aberration). Also, in FIG. 4, three wavelengths of 615.0 nm, 525.0 nm and 470 nm are used.
The lateral aberrations for different types of light are shown. However, FIG.
In, lateral aberrations are shown only in the meridional direction. Further, in FIG. 4, FIGS.
The five transverse aberrations of (E) are shown, which are at points A to E in FIG. 1, respectively. The observation angle of view is 40.8 degrees (± 20.4 degrees) diagonally, and points A to E in FIG.
4.3 degrees, 0 degrees (on the optical axis), -14.3 degrees, -20.4
This is a point corresponding to the angle of view. The pupil diameter is the diameter,
In general, the distance is about 2 to 7 mm, and here, it is set to about 4 mm which is an intermediate value.

The above is also applied to the following spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and lateral aberration.

FIG. 5 shows an optical path diagram drawn when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis when the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in Expression (5). FIG. 6 shows the lateral aberration on the image plane in this case.

Next, when the coefficient k ₃₁ is -1.3 which is the lower limit of the range shown in the equation (3), each parameter of the eyepiece shown in FIG. Coefficient sf ₂
Is set so as to satisfy Expression (2), for example, as follows.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 44.98305 d1 = 21.788580 nd1 = 1.551875 νd1 = 64.4815 r2 = -40.61049 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.751778 νd2 = 31.0426 r3 = -525.70221 d3 = 7.145805 r4 = 36.37975 d4 = 16.717 νd4 = 66.1883 r5 = -260.49181 d5 = 9.028761 r6 = 56.89054 d6 = 4.448242 nd6 = 1.487000 νd6 = 70.4000 r7 = -105.10564 d7 = 5.392555 r8 = -32.15009 d8 = 4.186553 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 64.84861 a 31 = -0.224076 × 10 ^-4 b ₃₁ = 0.101922 × 10 ^-7 f = 46.112 ・ ・ ・ (6)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 0.755, which satisfies the equation (2).

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (6), when the pupil is on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are calculated as shown in FIG.
And the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (6), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

Next, when the coefficient k ₃₁ is set to 0.6 which is the upper limit of the range shown in the equation (3), each parameter of the eyepiece of FIG. When sf ₂ is set to satisfy Expression (2), for example, the following is performed.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 50.05161 d1 = 19.201337 nd1 = 1.556786 νd1 = 64.1245 r2 = -42.93164 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.750946 νd2 = 32.0814 r3 = 3414.53698 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 38.22049 d4 = 20.7000 = 70.4000 r5 = -836.90401 d5 = 13.906944 r6 = 29.70857 d6 = 6.730841 nd6 = 1.591505 νd6 = 61.8656 r7 = 183.26213 d7 = 6.224333 r8 = -30.65892 d8 = 3.00000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 91.55184 a 31 = 0.220299 × 10 - ⁵ b ₃₁ = -0.245065 × 10 ^-7 f = 46.112 (7)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 0.913, which satisfies the expression (2).

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (7), when the pupil is on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG.
0, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.
It becomes as shown in.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (7), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

FIG. 13 shows an example of the configuration of an eyepiece according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, FIG.
The same reference numerals are given to the portions corresponding to the case in. That is, the eyepiece basically has the configuration shown in FIG.
Are configured in the same manner as in the above.

Therefore, also in the second embodiment, the eyepiece is constituted by four groups of five lenses. That is,
The eyepieces include a first lens group 1, a second lens group 2,
The lens group 3 and the fourth lens group 4 are sequentially arranged from the pupil side. The first lens group 1 includes a lens 11 that is a positive lens and a lens 12 that is a negative lens, and the second lens group 2 includes a lens 21 that is a positive lens. Further, the second lens group 2
Shape factor sf ₂ of, again, in order to prevent deterioration of the resolution, the value that satisfies the formula (2), i.e., there is a value greater than 0.5.

The third lens group 3 is composed of a lens 31 which is a positive lens, and the fourth lens group 4 is composed of a lens 41 which is a negative lens.

However, in the second embodiment, of the first lens group 1 to the fourth lens group 4, only the screen side surface 31B of the lens 31 constituting the third lens group 3 is made aspheric. ing. Further, in this case, the third lens group 3
The aspherical coefficients of fourth-order surface 31B with a a ₃₂ of the screen side, a predetermined coefficient k _32, when each expression -0.9 <k ₃₂ <1.4, where, a ₃₂ = (k ₃₂ / f) ³ to (8) is satisfied, the coefficient k ₃₂ is set.

[0071] This coefficient k ₃₂ is, in the case where the -0.9 or less, the image plane of the peripheral portion of the screen of the image is excessively bent in the negative direction, because resolution deteriorates. On the other hand, the coefficient k ₃₂
Is 1.4 or more, when the pupil is moved, the image plane in the peripheral portion of the image screen is bent too much in the positive direction, and the resolution also deteriorates.

Next, the coefficient k _32, is a value of the intermediate range of the range shown in Equation (8), for example, when 1.000, each parameter of the ocular lens 13, second lens When the shape factor sf ₂ of group 2 is set to satisfy equation (2), for example, as follows.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 49.57582 d1 = 18.673001 nd1 = 1.573581 νd1 = 62.9774 r2 = -45.49569 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.751542 νd2 = 31.3301 r3 = 239.93171 d3 = 0.19.9 r4 = 43.29904 d4 = 10.852289 = 61.4503 r5 = 192.70107 d5 = 17.389232 r6 = 34.67545 d6 = 9.794774 nd6 = 1.620000 νd6 = 60.3000 r7 = -197.44785 d7 = 9.494566 r8 = -32.76053 d8 = 3.000000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 82.51277 a 32 = 0.101990 × 10 - ⁴ b ₃₂ = -0.956666 × 10 ^-8 f = 46.121 (9)

Here, b ₃₂ represents a sixth-order aspherical coefficient of the screen-side surface 31 B of the third lens unit 3 which is an aspherical surface.

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 1.580, which satisfies the expression (2).

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (9), when the pupil is on the optical axis, an optical path diagram as shown in FIG. 13 is drawn. In this case, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 14, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 is an optical path diagram drawn when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis when the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in Expression (9).
Shown in Furthermore, the lateral aberration on the image plane in this case is
As shown in FIG.

Next, the coefficient k _32, when -0.9 which is the lower limit of the range shown in Equation (8), each parameter of the ocular lens of FIG. 13, the second lens group 2 shape Coefficient sf
_{When 2} is set so as to satisfy Expression (2), for example, the following is performed.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 47.66856 d1 = 21.334572 nd1 = 1.555536 νd1 = 64.2144 r2 = -43.66090 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.751888 νd2 = 30.9106 r3 = 7046.41554 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 35.63434 d4 = 45.000 = 70.4000 r5 = -881.17596 d5 = 7.125332 r6 = 27.02964 d6 = 5.467799 nd6 = 1.487000 νd6 = 70.4000 r7 = 60.81379 d7 = 8.495934 r8 = -25.69600 d8 = 3.000000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 300.82749 a 32 = -0.743508 × 10 _{^{-5 b 32 = 0.677046 × 10 -7}} f = 46.112 ··· (10)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 0.922, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by the following equation (10).
When the pupil is located on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 18, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (10), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

Next, when the coefficient k ₃₂ is set to 1.4, which is the upper limit of the range shown in the equation (8), each parameter of the eyepiece shown in FIG. sf ₂
Is set so as to satisfy Expression (2), for example, as follows.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 50.34425 d1 = 16.590908 nd1 = 1.590853 νd1 = 61.9042 r2 = -55.68133 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.752327 νd2 = 30.3944 r3 = 224.40520 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 41.99334 d4 = 18.4084 = 60.3000 r5 = 101.12743 d5 = 21.032002 r6 = 27.60385 d6 = 13.502596 nd6 = 1.533368 νd6 = 65.9251 r7 = -65.96967 d7 = 5.164372 r8 = -39.17709 d8 = 3.000000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 51.70521 a 32 = 0.279861 × 10 - ⁴ b ₃₂ = -0.339646 × 10 ^-7 f = 46.112 (11)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 2.420, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by the following equation (11).
When the pupil is on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 21, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (11), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

Next, FIG. 24 shows a configuration example of an eyepiece according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, FIG.
The same reference numerals are given to the portions corresponding to the case in. That is, the eyepiece basically has the configuration shown in FIG.
Are configured in the same manner as in the above.

Therefore, also in the third embodiment, the eyepiece is constituted by four groups of five lenses. That is,
The eyepieces include a first lens group 1, a second lens group 2,
The lens group 3 and the fourth lens group 4 are sequentially arranged from the pupil side. The first lens group 1 includes a lens 11 that is a positive lens and a lens 12 that is a negative lens, and the second lens group 2 includes a lens 21 that is a positive lens. Further, the second lens group 2
Shape factor sf ₂ of, again, in order to prevent deterioration of the resolution, the value that satisfies the formula (2), i.e., there is a value greater than 0.5.

The third lens group 3 is composed of a lens 31 which is a positive lens, and the fourth lens group 4 is composed of a lens 41 which is a negative lens.

However, in the third embodiment, of the first to fourth lens groups 1 to 4, only the pupil-side surface 41A of the lens 41 constituting the fourth lens group 4 is aspheric. ing. Further, in this case, when the fourth-order aspherical surface coefficient of the surface 41A on the pupil side of the fourth lens unit 4 is a ₄₁ and the predetermined coefficient is k ₄₁ , the following equation is obtained: -1.9 <k ₄₁ <-1.1, _{where, a 41 = (k 41 /} f) as ³ (12) is satisfied, the coefficient k ₄₁ is set.

[0092] This is because the coefficient k ₄₁ is, in the case where the -1.9 or less, the image plane of the intermediate region shown by hatching in FIG. 2 is excessively bent in the negative direction, the resolution is degraded is there. On the other hand, if the coefficient k ₄₁ is -1.1 or more, when moving the eyes, because the image surface of the peripheral portion of the screen of the image is excessively bent in the positive direction, the resolution is degraded.

Next, assuming that the coefficient k ₄₁ is a value in the middle range of the range shown in the equation (12), for example, −1.500, each parameter of the eyepiece of FIG. When the shape factor sf ₂ of the lens group 2 is set to satisfy equation (2), for example, as follows.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 46.95438 d1 = 15.243933 nd1 = 1.624863 νd1 = 59.3331 r2 = -81.59796 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.755000 νd2 = 27.6000 r3 = 262.88850 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 35.32537 d4 = 5.265233 = 57.5452 r5 = 42.57455 d5 = 18.825720 r6 = 29.86996 d6 = 13.203455 nd6 = 1.543031 νd6 = 65.1511 r7 = -118.63999 d7 = 2.892257 r8 = -251.38234 d8 = 11.893973 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 40.33824 a 41 = -0.344216 × 10 ^-4 b ₄₁ = 0.373255 × 10 ^-7 f = 46.112 (13)

Here, b ₄₁ represents a sixth-order aspherical surface coefficient of the pupil-side surface 41A of the fourth lens unit 4, which is an aspherical surface.

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 10.746, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by the following equation (13).
When the pupil is on the optical axis when the setting is made as shown in FIG. 24, an optical path diagram as shown in FIG. 24 is drawn. In this case, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 25, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram drawn when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis when the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in Expression (13).
FIG. FIG. 28 shows the lateral aberration on the image plane in this case.

[0099] Then, the coefficient k _32, when a -1.9 which is the lower limit of the range shown in Equation (12), each parameter of the ocular lens of FIG. 24, the second lens group 2 shape Coefficient s
When f ₂ is set so as to satisfy Expression (2), for example, the following is performed.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 51.43608 d1 = 20.175768 nd1 = 1.620000 νd1 = 60.3000 r2 = -48.86497 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.755000 νd2 = 27.6000 r3 = 2852.31240 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 29.02626 d4 = 4.19791 = 63.6389 r5 = 31.02646 d5 = 14.886732 r6 = 29.14243 d6 = 11.868992 nd6 = 1.620000 νd6 = 60.3000 r7 = 293.64092 d7 = 8.338791 r8 = -266.79528 d8 = 5.960953 nd8 = 1.664663 νd8 = 32.4763 r9 = 51.30455 a 41 = -0.699328 × 10 - ⁴ b ₄₁ = 0.953879 × 10 ^-7 f = 46.114 (14)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 30.023, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by the following equation (14).
When the pupil is located on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 29, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.
0.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (14), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

Next, when the coefficient k ₄₁ is -1.1 which is the upper limit of the range shown in the equation (12), each parameter of the eyepiece shown in FIG. Coefficient s
When f ₂ is set so as to satisfy Expression (2), for example, the following is performed.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 42.73929 d1 = 16.486633 nd1 = 1.653513 νd1 = 54.4529 r2 = -90.08130 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.755000 νd2 = 27.6000 r3 = 102.53971 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 44.79904 d4 = 4.650000 = 60.3000 r5 = 90.04515 d5 = 16.723563 r6 = 34.62602 d6 = 7.621149 nd6 = 1.487000 νd6 = 70.4000 r7 = 180.67253 d7 = 1.334160 r8 = 74.08869 d8 = 17.786101 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 34.28271 a 41 = -0.135749 × 10 -4 b ₄₁ = -0.106893 × 10 ^-7 f = 46.112 (15)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 2.980, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by the following equation (15).
When the pupil is located on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 32, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (15), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

Next, FIG. 35 shows a configuration example of an eyepiece according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, FIG.
The same reference numerals are given to the portions corresponding to the case in. That is, the eyepiece basically has the configuration shown in FIG.
Are configured in the same manner as in the above.

Therefore, also in the fourth embodiment, the eyepiece is composed of four groups of five lenses. That is,
The eyepieces include a first lens group 1, a second lens group 2,
The lens group 3 and the fourth lens group 4 are sequentially arranged from the pupil side. The first lens group 1 includes a lens 11 that is a positive lens and a lens 12 that is a negative lens, and the second lens group 2 includes a lens 21 that is a positive lens. Further, the second lens group 2
Shape factor sf ₂ of, again, in order to prevent deterioration of the resolution, the value that satisfies the formula (2), i.e., there is a value greater than 0.5.

The third lens group 3 is composed of a lens 31 which is a positive lens, and the fourth lens group 4 is composed of a lens 41 which is a negative lens.

However, in the fourth embodiment, of the first lens group 1 to the fourth lens group 4, only the screen-side surface 41B of the lens 41 constituting the fourth lens group 4 is made aspheric. ing. Further, in this case, the fourth lens group 4
The aspherical coefficients of fourth-order surface 41B with a a ₄₂ of the screen side, a predetermined coefficient k _42, when each expression -1.8 <k ₄₂ <2.0, where, a ₄₂ = (k ₄₂ / f) ³ to (16) is satisfied, the coefficient k ₄₂ is set.

[0113] This coefficient k ₄₂ is, in the case where the -1.8 or less, when you move the pupil, because coma aberration in the peripheral portion of the screen of the video increases, the resolution deteriorates . Further, in this case, the distortion also increases in the negative direction. On the other hand, if the coefficient k ₄₂ of 2.0 or more, in the intermediate region indicated by hatching in FIG. 2, the image surface is too curved in the negative direction, in the peripheral portion, curved image surface in the forward direction This is because the resolution is deteriorated. Further, distortion also increases in the positive direction.

[0114] Then, the coefficient k _42, is a value of the intermediate range of the range shown in equation (16), for example, when a 1.700, each parameter of the ocular lens of FIG. 35, the second lens When the shape factor sf ₂ of group 2 is set to satisfy equation (2), for example, as follows.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 57.33885 d1 = 18.369087 nd1 = 1.627197 νd1 = 53.4628 r2 = -39.79919 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.752596 νd2 = 30.0865 r3 = 370.26370 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 37.88815 d4 = 14.9337000 nd = 70.4000 r5 = 632.70628 d5 = 19.132328 r6 = 27.34086 d6 = 7.538561 nd6 = 1.620000 νd6 = 60.3000 r7 = 87.43207 d7 = 7.581556 r8 = -29.49375 d8 = 3.000000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 327.65071 a 42 = 0.501077 × 10 -4 b ₄₂ = −0.173207 × 10 ⁻⁶ f = 46.112 (17)

Here, b ₄₂ represents the sixth order aspherical coefficient of the screen-side surface 41 B of the fourth lens unit 4, which is an aspherical surface.

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 1.127, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by the following equation (17).
When the pupil is on the optical axis when the setting is made as shown in FIG. 35, an optical path diagram as shown in FIG. 35 is drawn. In this case, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 36, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (17), an optical path diagram drawn when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG.
FIG. FIG. 39 shows the lateral aberration on the image plane in this case.

[0120] Then, the coefficient k _42, when a -1.8 which is the lower limit of the range shown in equation (16), each parameter of the ocular lens of Figure 35, the second lens group 2 shape Coefficient s
When f ₂ is set so as to satisfy Expression (2), for example, the following is performed.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 63.74873 d1 = 16.817964 nd1 = 1.648512 νd1 = 49.6557 r2 = -41.34616 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.755000 νd2 = 27.6000 r3 = 540.21774 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 37.57345 nd = 14.5477000 nd = 70.4000 r5 = 209.85729 d5 = 21.708479 r6 = 26.83056 d6 = 8.662030 nd6 = 1.620000 νd6 = 60.3000 r7 = 130.40070 d7 = 7.164270 r8 = -30.19076 d8 = 3.000000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 32.73832 a 42 = -0.594804 × 10 - ⁴ b ₄₂ = 0.600080 × 10 ^-8 f = 46.112 (18)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 1.436, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by equation (18).
When the pupil is located on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 40, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (18), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

[0125] Then, the coefficient k _42, when a 2.0 is the upper limit of the range shown in equation (16), each parameter, the shape factor of the second lens group 2 of the eyepiece of Figure 35 sf
_{When 2} is set so as to satisfy Expression (2), for example, the following is performed.

R0 = ∞ d0 = 35.000000 r1 = 57.12941 d1 = 16.680182 nd1 = 1.614935 νd1 = 54.1070 r2 = -46.27543 d2 = 3.000000 nd2 = 1.753322 νd2 = 29.2884 r3 = 308.46978 d3 = 0.100000 r4 = 38.05458 d4 = 13.86814 = 70.4000 r5 = 293.50877 d5 = 20.101568 r6 = 28.03696 d6 = 8.406043 nd6 = 1.675762 νd6 = 51.4159 r7 = 125.69552 d7 = 6.342776 r8 = -36.16103 d8 = 3.000000 nd8 = 1.755000 νd8 = 27.6000 r9 = 29279.63461 a 42 = 0.815921 × 10 -4 b ₄₂ = −0.213534 × 10 ⁻⁶ f = 46.112 (19)

In this case, the shape factor sf ₂ of the second lens group ₂ is 1.298, which satisfies the expression (2).

Each parameter of the eyepiece is expressed by equation (19).
When the pupil is located on the optical axis, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion are as shown in FIG. 43, and the lateral aberration on the image plane is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.

When the parameters of the eyepiece are set as shown in equation (19), the lateral aberration on the image plane when the pupil is shifted by 9 mm from the optical axis is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

According to the configuration described above, the diagonal is 40
Over a field angle of more than degrees, high resolution, long eye relief, and even if the pupil position is shifted from the optical axis to some extent,
An eyepiece with high resolution can be provided.

The expressions (5) to (7), (9) to (11), (13) to (15), (17) to (1)
As is clear from 9), the eye relief is 0.75 f
The above is secured.

Next, with the eyepiece described above,
An image providing apparatus (virtual image providing apparatus) that forms and provides a virtual image of an image will be described.

FIG. 46 shows a configuration example of the first embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

The display element (image display element) 51 is a self-luminous or transmissive display device, and displays an image to be provided to the user.

Here, the self-luminous display device includes a light-emitting portion composed of a large number of light-emitting elements corresponding to pixels,
And a control unit for controlling light emission of each light emitting element. The self-luminous display device has a simple configuration, is lightweight,
In addition, since the light emission is self-luminous, the viewing angle dependency is small. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight of the entire apparatus, and to observe a clear image even when the image is viewed from an oblique direction. On the other hand, a transmissive display device includes a backlight that emits light, and a transmitted light control unit that controls transmission of light from the backlight in pixel units. According to the transmissive display device, the required brightness can be easily obtained by adjusting the amount of light emitted from the backlight, and an image having a desired brightness can be obtained simply by changing the backlight. Can be displayed. Note that a self-luminous display device includes, for example, a CRT, and a transmissive display device includes, for example, a liquid crystal.

An image displayed on the display element 51 is
The light is projected on a transmission screen 53 via a projection lens 52. Then, the image projected on the transmissive screen 53 is incident on the user's eyeball through the eyepiece 54 configured as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 13, FIG. 24, or FIG. Thereby, a virtual image of the image displayed on the display element 51 is observed in the user's eyeball.

FIG. 47 shows an example of the configuration of a video providing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure,
Portions corresponding to those in FIG. 46 are denoted by the same reference numerals. That is, except that the transmissive screen 53 is not provided in this video providing apparatus, FIG.
6 is the same as that in the case of FIG.

In the image providing apparatus shown in FIG.
Is transmitted through the projection lens 52, an aerial image 61 of the image is formed, for example, at the position where the transmission screen 53 is installed in FIG. The aerial image 61 is incident on the user's eyeball via the eyepiece lens 54, whereby a virtual image of the image displayed on the display element 51 is observed on the user's eyeball. In this case, the field lens 55 can be arranged near the aerial image 61 as shown by a dashed line in FIG. In this case, the peripheral light amount of the image viewed through the eyepiece 54 can be increased.

FIG. 48 shows a configuration example of the third embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the figure,
Portions corresponding to those in FIG. 46 are denoted by the same reference numerals. That is, the image providing apparatus is configured in the same manner as in FIG. 46 except that the projection lens 52 and the transmission screen 53 are not provided.

In this image providing apparatus, the image displayed on the display element 51 is incident on the user's eyeball by directly passing through the eyepiece lens 54, and is thereby displayed on the display element 51 on the user's eyeball. A virtual image of the image is observed.

When the display area of the display element 51 is large, as shown in the embodiment of FIG.
Even if the image displayed in is viewed only through the eyepiece 54 without being enlarged by the projection lens 52,
The angle of view can be widened and the eye relief can be lengthened. When the display area of the display element 51 is small, if the focal length of the eyepiece 54 is short, the angle of view is widened, but the eye relief is short. On the other hand, eyepiece 5
When the focal length of No. 4 is long, the eye relief becomes long, but the angle of view becomes narrow. Therefore, when the display area of the display element 51 is small, the image on the display element 51 is enlarged on the transmission screen 53 by the projection lens 42 as shown in FIG. , Through the eyepiece 54. In this case, the angle of view can be widened and the eye relief can be lengthened.

FIG. 49 shows a configuration example of a fourth embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the figure,
Portions corresponding to those in FIG. 46 are denoted by the same reference numerals. That is, this video providing apparatus is configured in the same manner as in FIG. 46 except that a display element 71 and a PBS (polarizing beam splitter) 72 are provided instead of the display element 51.

Light as illumination light emitted from a light source (not shown) is reflected by the PBS 72 at 90 degrees and is incident on a display element (image display element) 71. The display element 71
A reflection type display device displays an image to be provided to a user by reflecting light incident thereon.

That is, the display element 71, which is a reflection type display device, is configured by arranging a number of elements corresponding to pixels in a plane, and the reflectance of each element is controlled in accordance with a video signal. It has been made like that. Therefore, light incident on the reflective display device is reflected by each element at a reflectance corresponding to the video signal.

The image as the reflected light passes through the PBS 72 and enters the projection lens 52, and thereafter, a virtual image is observed in the user's eyeball in the same manner as in FIG.

Also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 49, the image displayed on the display element 71 is enlarged by the projection lens 52. Therefore, even when the display area of the display element 71 is small, the angle of view can be increased and the eye can be enlarged. The relief can be lengthened.

Note that, instead of the PBS 72, it is also possible to provide a half mirror or another element for splitting light.

FIG. 50 shows a configuration example of a fifth embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the figure,
Parts corresponding to those in FIG. 47 or FIG. 49 are denoted by the same reference numerals. That is, the image providing apparatus includes a display element 71 and a PB
The configuration is the same as that in FIG. 47 except that S72 is provided.

In this image providing apparatus, light as illumination light emitted from a light source (not shown) is reflected by the PBS 72 at 90 degrees and enters the display element 71. In the display element 71, the light incident thereon is reflected, and the image as the reflected light is transmitted through the PBS 72 and is incident on the projection lens 52. Thereafter, in the same manner as in FIG. , A virtual image is observed. In addition,
Also in this case, by arranging the field lens 55 as in the case of FIG. 47, the peripheral light amount of the image can be increased.

FIG. 51 shows a configuration example of a sixth embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the figure,
Parts corresponding to those in FIG. 49 are denoted by the same reference numerals. That is, this video providing device is
The configuration is the same as that in FIG. 49 except that 72 is provided not between the display element 51 and the projection lens 52 but between the projection lens 52 and the eyepiece 54.

In this case, light as illumination light emitted from a light source (not shown) is reflected by the PBS 72 at 90 degrees, and is incident on the display element 71 via the projection lens 52. In the display element 71, the light incident thereon is reflected, and the image as the reflected light is transmitted through the projection lens 52 and the PBS 72 and is enlarged and projected on the transmission screen 53. Hereinafter, the same as in FIG. Then, a virtual image is observed in the user's eyeball.

By the same principle, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 50, the PBS 72 comprises the display element 51 and the projection lens 5.
2 and not between the projection lens 52 and the eyepiece 54.

FIG. 52 shows a configuration example of a seventh embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the figure,
Portions corresponding to those in FIG. 46 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this case, light as an image displayed on the display element 51 is incident on the mirror 82 via the projection lens 52. At the mirror 82, the light from the projection lens 52 is reflected by 90 degrees and emitted to the mirror 81. In the mirror 81, the reflected light from the mirror 82 further
The light is reflected by 0 degrees, and the reflected light is projected on the transmission screen 53. Then, the image projected on the transmissive screen 53 is incident on the user's eyeball through the eyepiece lens 54, whereby the virtual image of the image displayed on the display element 51 is observed on the user's eyeball. Is done.

FIG. 53 shows an example of the configuration of an eighth embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the figure,
Parts corresponding to those in FIG. 49 or FIG. 52 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this case, light as illumination light emitted from a light source (not shown) is reflected by the PBS 72 at 90 degrees and enters the display element 71. The display element 71 forms an image to be provided to the user by reflecting the light incident thereon, and the reflected light as the image enters the mirror 82 via the PBS 72 and the projection lens 52, Thereafter, as in the case of FIG. 52, a virtual image is observed in the user's eyeball.

That is, in the embodiment shown in FIGS.
Although the display element 51 or 71, the projection lens 52, and the eyepiece lens 54 are arranged in a straight line, the image providing apparatus uses a mirror 81 in the middle as shown in FIGS.
By inserting the and, the optical path can be bent. In this case, the size of the device can be reduced.

FIG. 54 shows a configuration example of the ninth embodiment of the video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

In the light emitting diodes 91R, 91G, and 91B, red, green, and blue light are emitted as illumination light, respectively, and each light is emitted by the dichroic prism 9.
2, fly-eye lens 93 and field lens 9
4 and enter the PBS 95. In PBS95,
The light from the field lens 94 is reflected by 90 degrees, and the reflected light enters a reflective video display panel 96 which is a reflective display device. Reflective image display panel 96
Forms an image to be provided to the user by reflecting light incident thereon, and the reflected light as the image is P
Through the BS 95 and the projection lens 97, the image is enlarged and projected on the transmission screen 98. This enlarged projected image is
Through the eyepiece 99 configured as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 13, FIG. 24, or FIG. 35, the light enters the user's eyeball, and is displayed on the reflection type video display panel 96 in the user's eyeball. A virtual image of the projected image is observed.

In this case, red, green, and blue light is radiated as illumination light to the reflection-type image display panel 96. Therefore, a so-called field sequential method is used.
A color virtual image can be provided.

FIG. 55 shows a configuration example of a tenth embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied. Note that, in the figure, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 54 are denoted by the same reference numerals. That is, the image providing device is provided between the fly-eye lens 93 and the field lens 94.
A mirror 101 is provided and the projection lens 9
7 and a transmission screen 98, mirrors 102 and 103 are provided.
The configuration is the same as that in FIG. 54 except that it is fixed inside.

In this embodiment, the fly-eye lens 9
Light as illumination light from No. 3 is reflected by the mirror 101 at 90 degrees, and enters the PBS 95 via the field lens 94. In the PBS 95, the light from the field lens 94 is reflected by 90 degrees, and the reflected light is incident on the reflective video display panel 96. Reflective image display panel 96
Forms an image to be provided to the user by reflecting the light incident thereon by 180 degrees, and the reflected light as the image is incident on the mirror 102 via the PBS 95 and the projection lens 97. In the mirror 102, the projection lens 9
The light from 7 is reflected by 90 degrees, and the reflected light enters the mirror 103. In the mirror 103, the reflected light from the mirror 102 is further reflected by 90 degrees, whereby the image enlarged by the projection lens 97 is transmitted to the transmission screen 98.
Projected to Thereafter, in the same manner as in the case of FIG.
A virtual image of the image displayed in is observed.

As described above, the size of the apparatus can be reduced by bending the optical path by the mirrors 101 to 103.

FIG. 56 shows a configuration example of an eleventh embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

In this embodiment, two sets of the image providing apparatus shown in FIG. 55 are provided so that a virtual image formed by each of them can be observed with the left eye and the right eye.

That is, in FIG.
1RL, 91GL, 91BL, dichroic prism 92L, fly-eye lens 93L, field lens 9
4L, PBS 95L, reflective image display panel 96L, projection lens 97L, transmissive screen 98L, eyepiece 99L, mirrors 101L to 103L are light emitting diodes 91R, 91G, 91B, dichroic prism 92, fly-eye lens 93 in FIG. It is configured similarly to the field lens 94, the PBS 95, the reflection type video display panel 96, the projection lens 97, the transmission type screen 98, the eyepiece 99, and the mirrors 101 to 103, and provides a virtual image to the left eye of the user. ing. In FIG. 56, the light emitting diodes 91RR and 91G
R, 91BR, dichroic prism 92R, fly-eye lens 93R, field lens 94R, PBS9
5R, reflective image display panel 96R, projection lens 97
R, the transmission screen 98R, the eyepiece 99R, and the mirrors 101R to 103R are also the light emitting diodes 9 in FIG.
1R, 91G, 91B, dichroic prism 92,
Fly-eye lens 93, field lens 94, PBS
95, a reflection type image display panel 96, a projection lens 97, a transmission type screen 98, an eyepiece 99, and mirrors 101 to 103, respectively.
It is designed to provide a virtual image.

Accordingly, in this case, the user can observe the virtual image with the left and right eyes.

The mirrors 101 to 1 in FIG.
53 and FIG. 55, the arrangement positions of the mirrors 101L to 103L and 101R to 103R are shown in FIG.
The position is not limited to the position shown in FIG. That is, FIG.
In the embodiment of FIG. 4 or FIG. 55, the mirror is arranged so that the optical path is bent in a direction parallel to the drawing. However, for example, the mirror is arranged so that the optical path is bent in a direction perpendicular to the drawing. It is also possible.

As described above, the eyepiece shown in FIG.
According to the video providing apparatus using the one configured as shown in FIG. 13, FIG. 24, or FIG.
It is possible to provide images with a wide angle of view. Also, when such an image providing device is fixed to something other than the user, for example, even if the user's pupil deviates from the optical axis due to movement of the user, it provides a high-resolution image (virtual image). Can be. In addition, the eyepiece shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 13, FIG. 24, or FIG. 35 can make the eye relief long, so that it can cope with the case where the user moves in the optical axis direction.

In the present embodiment, the first lens unit 1
In the fourth to fourth lens groups 4, only one surface of the third lens group 3 or the fourth lens group 4 is made aspherical, but two or more surfaces of the third lens group 3 or the fourth lens group 4 are An aspherical surface may be used. Note that the first lens group 1 and the second lens group
Although the surface of the lens group 2 may be aspherical, astigmatism and coma can be reduced by making the surface of the third lens group 3 or the fourth lens group 4 aspherical.

Further, in the present embodiment, the fourth order aspherical coefficient of the lens is limited. However, for example, the fourth order aspherical coefficient of the lens may be limited. It is possible to obtain the same performance as in the case where the aspherical coefficient is limited.

If one of the surfaces of the third lens unit 3 or the fourth lens unit 4 is not aspherical, astigmatism and distortion become large, and the above-described resolution is maintained while maintaining the above-mentioned resolution. It is difficult to realize an eye relief of 0.75f or more by setting the diagonal angle of view to 40 degrees or more.

[0173]

According to the eyepiece of the first aspect,
The first lens group is configured by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens, the second and third lens groups are configured by positive lenses, and the fourth lens group is configured by negative lenses. I have. At least one surface of the third or fourth lens group is aspheric. Therefore, even if the eye relief is long and the pupil position deviates from the optical axis, it becomes possible to provide an eyepiece with high resolution over a wide angle of view.

According to the virtual image providing device of the seventh aspect,
A first lens group in an optical system that forms a virtual image of an image is configured by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens, the second and third lens groups are configured by positive lenses,
Are constituted by negative lenses. At least one surface of the third or fourth lens group is aspheric. Therefore, it is possible to provide a high-resolution image (virtual image) over a wide angle of view even if the eye relief of the optical system is lengthened and the pupil position is shifted from the optical axis.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an eyepiece according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an intermediate region between a center and an end of a virtual image.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating spherical aberration (chromatic aberration), astigmatism, and distortion of the eyepiece of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an optical path diagram showing an optical path when a pupil position is shifted in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 1 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing spherical aberration (chromatic aberration), astigmatism, and distortion of the eyepiece of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 1;

9 is a diagram illustrating lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 1 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating spherical aberration (chromatic aberration), astigmatism, and distortion of the eyepiece of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 1;

12 is a diagram showing lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 1 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an eyepiece according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG.
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is an optical path diagram showing an optical path when a pupil position is shifted in FIG.

17 is a diagram illustrating lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 13 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 18 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG.
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing lateral aberrations of the eyepiece of FIG. 13;

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating lateral aberrations of the eyepiece of FIG. 13 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 21 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG. 13;
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 13;

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 13 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an eyepiece according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 25 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG. 24;
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 24;

FIG. 27 is an optical path diagram showing an optical path when a pupil position is shifted in FIG.

28 is a diagram illustrating lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 24 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 29 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG. 24;
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 24;

31 is a diagram illustrating lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 24 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 32 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG. 24;
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 24;

FIG. 34 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 24 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an eyepiece according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

36 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG. 35,
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 35;

FIG. 38 is an optical path diagram showing an optical path when a pupil position is shifted in FIG. 35;

FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 35 when the pupil position is shifted.

40 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG. 35,
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 41 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 35;

FIG. 42 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 35 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 43 shows the spherical aberration (chromatic aberration) of the eyepiece of FIG. 35;
It is a figure showing astigmatism and distortion.

FIG. 44 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 35;

FIG. 45 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of the eyepiece of FIG. 35 when the pupil position is shifted.

FIG. 46 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a first embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 47 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a video providing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 48 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a third embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 49 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a fourth embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a fifth embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 51 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a sixth embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 52 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a seventh embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 53 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an eighth embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 54 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a ninth embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 55 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a tenth embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 56 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an eleventh embodiment of a video providing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st lens group, 2 2nd lens group, 3 3rd lens group, 4 4th lens group, 11, 12, 21, 3
1,41 lens, 31A, 31B, 41A, 41B
Lens surface, 51 display element, 52 projection lens, 53 transmissive screen, 54 eyepiece,
55 field lens, 61 aerial image, 71
Display element, 72 PBS, 81, 82 Mirror

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An eyepiece lens comprising first to fourth lens groups sequentially arranged from a pupil side, wherein the first lens group is formed by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens. The second and third lens groups are configured by a positive lens, the fourth lens group is configured by a negative lens, and at least one surface of the third or fourth lens group is An eyepiece characterized by having an aspherical surface. 2. The shape factor of the second lens group is 0.5
2. The eyepiece of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece is larger. 3. When only the surface on the pupil side of the third lens group is aspherical, the fourth order aspherical coefficient of the pupil side surface of the third lens group is a
And the focal length of the entire system of the first to fourth lens groups is f
2. The eyepiece according to claim 1, wherein when a predetermined coefficient is k and an equation -1.3 <k <0.6, a = (k / f) ³ holds. lens. 4. A quaternary aspherical surface on the surface of the third lens group opposite to the pupil side when only the surface opposite to the pupil side of the third lens group is aspherical. When the coefficient is a, the focal length of the whole system of the first to fourth lens groups is f, and the predetermined coefficient is k, the following equation is obtained: -0.9 <k <1.4, where a = (K / f) ³ , wherein the eyepiece lens according to claim 1 is satisfied. 5. When only the surface on the pupil side of the fourth lens group is aspherical, a fourth-order aspherical surface coefficient of the surface on the pupil side of the fourth lens group is a
And the focal length of the entire system of the first to fourth lens groups is f
And when a predetermined coefficient is k, an equation -1.9 <k <-1.1, where a = (k / f) ^3, is satisfied. Eyepiece. 6. A quaternary aspherical surface on the surface of the fourth lens unit opposite to the pupil side when only the surface opposite to the pupil side of the fourth lens unit is aspherical. When a is a coefficient, f is a focal length of the entire system of the first to fourth lens groups, and k is a predetermined coefficient, the following equation is obtained: -1.8 <k <2.0, where a = (K / f) ³ , wherein the eyepiece lens according to claim 1 is satisfied. 7. A virtual image providing device, comprising: a display device that displays an image; and an optical system that forms a virtual image of the image, wherein the optical system is configured such that first to fourth lens groups are arranged from a pupil side. The first lens group is configured by sequentially joining a positive lens and a negative lens; the second and third lens groups are configured by positive lenses; The virtual image providing apparatus, wherein the lens group includes a negative lens, and at least one surface of the third or fourth lens group is an aspheric surface. 8. The shape factor of the second lens group is 0.5
The virtual image providing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the virtual image providing apparatus is larger than the virtual image providing apparatus. 9. In a case where only the pupil-side surface of the third lens group is aspherical, the fourth-order aspherical surface coefficient of the pupil-side surface of the third lens group is a
And the focal length of the entire system of the first to fourth lens groups is f
8. The virtual image according to claim 7, wherein, when a predetermined coefficient is k and an equation -1.3 <k <0.6, a = (k / f) ³ is satisfied. Providing device. 10. A quaternary aspherical surface on the surface of the third lens group opposite to the pupil side when only the surface opposite to the pupil side of the third lens group is aspherical. Coefficient is a
And the focal length of the entire system of the first to fourth lens groups is f
8. The virtual image according to claim 7, wherein when a predetermined coefficient is k and an equation, -0.9 <k <1.4, a = (k / f) ³ is satisfied. Providing device. 11. When only the pupil-side surface of the fourth lens group is aspherical, a fourth-order aspherical surface coefficient of the pupil-side surface of the fourth lens group is a
And the focal length of the entire system of the first to fourth lens groups is f
And when a predetermined coefficient is k, an equation -1.9 <k <-1.1, where a = (k / f) ^3, is satisfied. Virtual image providing device. 12. A fourth-order aspherical surface on a surface of the fourth lens group opposite to the pupil side when only the surface on the side opposite to the pupil side of the fourth lens group is aspherical. When a is a coefficient, f is a focal length of the entire system of the first to fourth lens groups, and k is a predetermined coefficient, the following equation is obtained: -1.8 <k <2.0, where a 8. The virtual image providing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: (k / f) ³ holds.