JPH1049157A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To substantially protective the appearance of a mis-touch or touch deviation by reading out the control value meeting the degree of depression of an expression pedal and controlling a dynamic range. SOLUTION: Every time there is an on-event of a key, the treading quantity of the expression pedal 13 is read in and the dynamic range 19 continuously changed according to the state of playing by controlling the dynamic range determined by a key velocity according to this treading quantity. The treading quantity of the expression pedal 13 is, therefore, read in by a control section 22 and the control value of the key velocity meeting the treading quantity is determined when the on-event of the key is detected and the key velocity is determined by a touch detecting circuit (velocity detecting means) 2. This control value is multiplied by the key velocity value and the compressed key velocity value is determined in an arithmetic section 21. The dynamic range is determined in accordance therewith.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is to easily control a dynamic range determined by the intensity of a key velocity in accordance with an amount of depression of an expression pedal, thereby making it difficult to cause mistouch or misalignment of a touch. Regarding possible electronic musical instruments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the dynamic range of an electronic musical instrument has been uniquely determined by the strength of key velocity. Generally, it is considered that a wider dynamic range is desirable for an electronic musical instrument because a wider dynamic range enables a more subtle expression such as the strength of key velocity.

[0003] However, if the dynamic range is set too wide, finger movements such as variations in key pressing speeds and deviations in the timing of small touches are clearly reflected in the immediate tone and volume, so that beginners are not allowed. It was an instrument that was difficult and difficult to play.

A conventional expression pedal or the like controls not the individual key-touched sound but the entire tone and volume of the sound being generated, that is, the level. , That is, the dynamic range was in the state before the volume change and was not changed.

[0005] For this reason, in particular, there is a disadvantage that not only does the sound not become weak when a weak sound is designated, but also that the dynamic range is too large to give a sense of incongruity. This has a remarkable effect particularly on a damped sound of a piano or the like.

Further, in the conventional expression pedal, the volume is changed each time the expression pedal is operated. For example, when the expression pedal has a long sounding time, such as a decay sound of a piano, the expression pedal is changed during sounding. There was a sense of incongruity because the timbre and volume changed when the operation value was read.

On the other hand, as a conventional method of controlling the dynamic range of an electronic musical instrument, there is a method of selecting and using a velocity curve which is easy for a player to play. However, according to this method, the width of the dynamic range controlled is limited. , I could only select within the range of the selected velocity curve.

[0008] Further, when performing with an electronic musical instrument having a wide dynamic range, depending on the scene of the music,
In some cases, it is necessary to reduce mistouch or to express inflection strongly. However, in a conventional electronic musical instrument, it is necessary to operate an operator each time, and the operation is complicated and troublesome.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. By operating an expression pedal in accordance with a playing state, a dynamic range can be set in real time every time a key ON event occurs. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument sound source device that can be easily played by a novice even when it is controlled so that mistouch or misalignment of touch can be made difficult to appear.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a velocity detecting means 2 for detecting a key velocity and converting it into velocity data having a dynamic range, and for controlling the velocity data converted by the velocity detecting means 2. The control value input means 13 for inputting the control value of the above and the velocity data converted by the velocity detecting means 2 are subjected to an operation based on the control value input by the control value input means 13 to calculate compressed velocity data. And a control means 22 for determining the compressed dynamic range based on the compressed velocity data calculated by the calculating means 21 and controlling the volume and timbre.

The control value input by the control value input means 13 is read out each time the key is turned on to control the dynamic range.

The control value input means 13 is an expression pedal, and a control value corresponding to the degree of depression of the expression pedal is read out to control the dynamic range.

The tone generator of the present invention having such a configuration reads the depression amount of the expression pedal 13 every time a key ON event occurs, and controls the dynamic range determined by the key velocity in accordance with the depression amount. The dynamic range is continuously changed according to the state of the performance.

For this reason, in the present invention, when the key on event is detected by the velocity detecting means 2 and the key velocity is determined, the depression amount of the expression pedal 13 is subsequently read by the control section 22, and
A key velocity control value corresponding to the read depression amount is obtained.

[0015] The obtained control value is sent to the arithmetic unit 21.
The operation unit 21 multiplies the key velocity value input by the key event to obtain a compressed key velocity value, and a dynamic range is determined based on the key velocity value and sent to the musical tone signal generation unit 5. hand,
A desired musical tone is produced.

The median of the compressed dynamic range is adjusted so as to match the median of the dynamic range based on the key velocity value input by the key event.

Thus, during the performance, the player can freely control the difference between the hard hitting sound and the soft hitting sound, that is, the dynamic range by operating the expression pedal 13.
The music to be played is inflected, and variations in key velocity and a slight shift in timing are unlikely to appear, so that the sound source device of the electronic musical instrument is easy to use.

Further, according to the present invention, every time a key-on event occurs, the operation amount of the expression pedal 13 is read out and controlled, so that, for example, the timbre is attenuated in the middle of attenuation like a conventional piano attenuation sound. And the volume does not change, and the sound does not feel uncomfortable.

[0019]

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a CPU, 11 denotes a ROM, 12 denotes a RAM, and 13 denotes an expression pedal as control value input means. 1 is the keyboard, 2
Is a touch detection circuit as velocity detection means, 3 is an operation panel, 4 is a panel scan circuit, 5 is a tone signal generator, 6 is a waveform memory, 7 is a D / A converter, 8 is an amplifier,
9 is a speaker.

The CPU 10 controls each section of the electronic musical instrument according to a control program stored in a program memory section (not shown) of the ROM 11. For this reason,
The CPU 10 is provided with an arithmetic unit 21 and a control unit 22, and performs processing for converting input / output data, generating sound, and the like.

The calculation unit 21 calculates (for example, multiplies) the key velocity detected by the touch detection circuit 2 and the expression data read from the expression pedal to calculate a limit value for limiting the dynamic range. . The dynamic range determined by the operation unit 21 is sent to the musical tone signal generation unit 5 by the control unit 22.

The control unit 22 controls the electronic musical instrument in general, and writes and reads data based on signals transmitted from the keyboard 1 and the operation panel 3 and controls and generates a tone signal during performance. It controls the transmission of the output signal to the tone signal generator 5, and the like.

The compressed key velocity obtained by the arithmetic section 21 is converted into a dynamic range by the control section 22 and sent to the musical tone signal generating section 5 to be stored in a predetermined register of the musical tone signal generating section 5. .

The ROM 11 stores tone color data and various other fixed data in addition to the control program for operating the CPU 10 described above. The tone color data memory section stores frequency numbers, waveform numbers, envelope waveform numbers, mode data, and the like, which are data for generating musical tone signals.

The ROM 11 stores a dynamic range table 23 which is referred to when the control unit 22 converts the compressed key velocity into a dynamic range.

The RAM 12 has a work area for the CPU 10,
Various registers, counters, flags, buffers, and the like for controlling the electronic musical instrument are defined.
1 has a data area in which necessary data is transferred and temporarily stored.

A plurality of registers in which data necessary for sound emission are set corresponding to the setting states of the respective controls and switches of the operation panel 3 and each tone generation circuit of the tone signal generation unit 5 are set to unused channels. The RAM 12 is also provided with an assigner memory for storing data to be allocated, a storage area for storing musical sound information, and the like.

The expression pedal 13 controls the volume of a musical tone, is mechanically connected to a movable portion (slider) of the variable resistor, and varies the variable resistor in accordance with the amount of depression of the expression pedal 13. Slider moves, and the position of the slider, that is, the expression pedal 1
A voltage corresponding to the stepping amount of No. 3 is output.

The voltage output according to the amount of depression of the expression pedal 13 is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal by an A / D converter (not shown).
Sent to 0. In the present invention, digital data output according to the amount of depression is used as a control value of a dynamic range.

The keyboard 1 sends a key number as key pressing information to the control unit 22, and is composed of a plurality of keys and a key switch which opens and closes in conjunction with the key pressing / release operations of these keys. The key press / key release operation of the performer is detected by a key scan circuit (not shown), and a signal detected under the control of the CPU 10 is sent to the musical tone signal generator 5.

The touch detection circuit 2 sends a scan signal to the keyboard 1 and detects the strength (velocity) of key touch in accordance with a signal from the keyboard 1, and detects the state of depression of the keyboard 1. The indicated data and the touch data indicating the strength of the key touch are formed from a signal indicating the open / closed state of the key switch detected from the keyboard 1.

The signal generated by the touch detection circuit 2 is
The velocity data is formed on the basis of the key number of the depressed or released key and touch data indicating the velocity of the depressed or released key, and the obtained velocity data is digitally converted and sent to the control unit 22 of the CPU 10.

The transfer of data from the touch detection circuit 2 to the CPU 10 is performed by the touch detection circuit 2 interrupting the CPU 10 to the effect that a keyboard event has occurred.

The operation panel 3 is provided with various switches and indicators for controlling the electronic musical instrument, such as a tone selection switch, a mode designation switch, a melody selection switch, and a rhythm selection switch, in addition to a power switch. The expression pedal 13 directly related to the present invention is connected to the operation panel 3.

The set / reset state of each switch of the operation panel 3 is detected by a panel scan circuit 4 included therein. Data relating to the set state of the switch detected by the panel scan circuit 4 is stored in the CPU 10. Is stored in a predetermined area on the RAM 12 under the control of.

The tone signal generator 5 reads out tone waveform data and envelope data corresponding to the signal sent from the CPU 10 from the waveform memory 6, adds an envelope to the read tone waveform data, and outputs it as a tone signal. .

The tone signal output from the tone signal generator 5 is supplied to an amplifier 8 after being converted into an analog signal by a D / A converter 7. For this purpose, a waveform memory 6 for storing waveform data and envelope data is connected to the tone signal generator 5.

The D / A converter 7 converts an input digital tone signal into an analog tone signal. The analog tone signal converted by the D / A converter 7 is supplied to an amplifier 8.

The amplifier 8 amplifies the analog tone signal supplied from the D / A converter 7 with a predetermined gain. The output of the amplifier 8 is supplied to a speaker 9.

The speaker 9 converts an analog tone signal as an electric signal sent from the amplifier 8 into an acoustic signal. That is, a tone is emitted according to the generated tone signal.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the function of the tone generator of the present invention for converting a key-input velocity value based on a control value input by the expression pedal 13 to generate a compressed dynamic range. .

As shown in the figure, when there is a key on event, the strength of the key touch input by the key is detected by the touch detection circuit 2 and sent to the control unit 22 to transmit the velocity data (Dv
i) and sent to the arithmetic unit 21.

On the other hand, when the key-on event of the key is detected, the control section 22 reads the depression amount of the expression pedal 13 and generates expression data (Dix) corresponding to the depression amount. That is, based on the change width when the expression pedal 13 is fully depressed, it is detected how much the current depression amount is the entire change width.

The detected expression data (D
ix) is sent to the calculation unit 21 and the key velocity data (Dvi) detected by the touch detection circuit 2 by the calculation unit 21
Is multiplied to obtain compressed velocity data, which is sent to the control unit 22.

The control section 22 refers to the dynamic range table 23, converts the compressed velocity data into a dynamic range, and sends it to the musical tone signal generating section 5. The sent dynamic range is stored in a predetermined register of the tone signal generator 5, and is read out and emitted at a predetermined timing.

Next, an example of the calculation process of the calculation unit 21 will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, Rfd is the entire dynamic range determined based on the input key velocity, and Rld is the compressed dynamic range controlled by the operation of the expression pedal 13.

Dfx is all expression data output when the expression pedal 13 is fully depressed, and Dix is expression data output according to the amount of operation of the expression pedal 13 during performance.

In this relation, the compressed dynamic range Rld in this embodiment is determined by the expression data Dfx that can be output from the expression pedal 13 and the expression data D that is output according to the operation amount of the expression pedal 13 during the performance.
Since it is controlled by the ratio of ix, it is expressed by the following equation.

Rld = (Dix / Dfx) × Rfd (1)

In the dynamic range control method of the present embodiment, the median of the compressed dynamic range controlled by the expression pedal 13 is:
It is assumed that control is performed so as to match the median of the dynamic range obtained based on the key velocity.

Therefore, the dynamic range compressed in accordance with the operation amount of the expression pedal 13 has a lower limit (Rfd-Rld) / 2 based on the median of the dynamic range obtained based on the key velocity.
And the upper limit is (Rfd + Rld) / 2, and the width of the dynamic range is compressed.

Therefore, the operation of the operation unit 21 from the touch detection circuit 2
The velocity data inputted to the tone signal generator 5 is represented by Dvi.
vo, all velocity data, that is, Dfv that outputs the maximum value of velocity data that can be output from the electronic musical instrument, velocity data Dvo output from the arithmetic unit 21 to the tone signal generation unit 5 is expressed by the following equation. Is done.

Dvo = (Dvi / Dfv) × Rld + (Rfd−Rld) / 2 (2)

In the above equation (2), (Dvi / Df
v) indicates the maximum value that can be output by a key touch of the electronic musical instrument, that is, the ratio of all velocity data to the velocity data input by the current key touch.

Rld in the above equation (2) is the dynamic range compressed by the operation of the expression pedal 13, and the relationship with the operation amount of the expression pedal is shown in the above equation (1).

In the equation (2), (Rfd-Rl
d) / 2 indicates the lower limit of the dynamic range compressed by the operation of the expression pedal 13 as (Rfd
+ Rld) / 2 indicates the upper limit of the dynamic range compressed by the operation of the expression pedal 13.

By transforming the above equation (2), Dvo = Rfd ｛(Dvi / Dfv) (Dix / Dfx) + (1−Dix / Dfx) / 2｝ (3)

This is because the velocity data Dvi input from the touch detection circuit 2 is
3 shows the result of the control, and the velocity data represented by the equation (3) is converted into a dynamic range and sent to the musical tone signal generator 5. Note that the calculation method described in this embodiment is an example, and another calculation method may be used.

Next, the operation of controlling the dynamic range by the expression pedal 13 of the present invention will be described with reference to a flowchart. FIG. 4 is a main flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention.

A reset signal generated when the power is turned on or a reset switch (not shown) is pressed,
Initial setting processing of the electronic musical instrument is performed (step S1).
1).

The initial setting process sets the internal state of the tone signal generator 5 to the initial state to prevent generation of unnecessary sounds when the power is turned on, clears the work area of the RAM 12, This is processing for initial setting data such as registers, flags, volume, and timbre.

Next, panel processing is performed (step S12). In this panel processing, each switch detected by the panel scan circuit 4 of the operation panel 3 is turned on / off.
Information indicating the OFF state is taken into the event buffer of the RAM 12.

Then, by comparing the information (previously stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 12) indicating the ON / OFF state of each switch taken in last time with the information taken in this time, it corresponds to the switch newly turned on. This is a process of creating an on-event map on the RAM 12 in which only the bit to be set is set.

Next, keyboard processing is performed (step S).
13). In this keyboard processing, key data is read from a key scan circuit (not shown) of the keyboard 1 and set in a new key buffer. Then, by comparing the contents of the old key buffer and the contents of the new key buffer, a key event buffer in which a portion corresponding to the newly operated key is turned on or off is created.

When the detected key event is an ON event, the key velocity is subsequently detected by the touch detection circuit 2. The detected key velocity as an analog value is subjected to A / D conversion by an A / D conversion circuit (not shown) under the control of the control unit 22 to generate a digital velocity value.

Subsequently, expression data is detected. That is, the expression data as the detected voltage value is A as in the case of the key velocity.
A / D conversion is performed by the / D conversion circuit to obtain digital expression data. Note that the dynamic range compression processing accompanying the key velocity detection is shown in FIG.
Will be described in detail.

Then, other processing is performed (step S14). This "other processing" is processing in accordance with the designation of switches and key events detected in panel processing, keyboard event processing, and the like. For example, processing for changing tone and volume, rhythm selection processing, and sound generation corresponding to key numbers. Processing, mute processing, and the like are performed.

Thereafter, the flow returns to step S12, and the same processing is repeated. As a result, musical tones having a tone corresponding to the operation of the keyboard 1 are continuously generated with a tone color and a volume corresponding to the operation of the operation panel 3.

Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 5, of the keyboard processing in step S13 of the main routine, the operation of compressing the dynamic range by the expression data directly related to the present invention will be described.

In the dynamic range compression processing, it is first checked whether or not a key event has occurred (step S21). This is performed by examining the old and new key event buffers. If there is no key event, there is no need for keyboard processing, and the process returns to the main routine.

On the other hand, if there is a key event, it is checked whether or not the key event is an ON event (step S22). As a result, if the key event is an off event, it is a mute process,
Since it is not necessary to compress the dynamic range, the process returns to the main routine as it is and the mute processing is performed.

On the other hand, if the key event is an ON event, the dynamic range is compressed. Therefore, the key velocity is first detected (step S23). That is, the control unit 22 A / D converts the key velocity as an analog value detected by the touch detection circuit 2 into digital data by the A / D conversion circuit and sends the digital data to the calculation unit 21.

Subsequently, the control value inputted by operating the expression pedal 13 is detected (step S24). That is, the control unit 22 converts the voltage value sent from the expression pedal 13 into a digital value of, for example, 00 to FF by an A / D conversion circuit and sends the digital value to the arithmetic unit 21.

The operation section 21 performs the operation described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 based on the transmitted data to generate compressed velocity data (step S25).

Next, the compressed dynamic range is determined (step S26). That is, the control unit 22 determines the dynamic range with reference to the dynamic range table 23 based on the compressed velocity data determined by the calculation unit 21, and sends the dynamic range to the tone signal generation unit 5.

As a result, the compressed dynamic range is written into the predetermined register of the tone signal generator 5 (step S27). Then, at a predetermined timing, the compressed dynamic range written in the predetermined register is read and sounded.

As described above, according to the present invention, the depression amount of the expression pedal 13 is referred to only when the key is turned on. Therefore, for example, the dynamic range does not change during the generation of the decay sound of the piano. There is no discomfort.

[0079]

As described above in detail, according to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the dynamic range can be compressed at any time during the performance by depressing the expression pedal, so that variations in key touch and mistouch are less likely to appear. Becomes possible. Further, since it is not necessary to manually operate the operation device, an electronic musical instrument that is easy to use can be provided.

Further, since the electronic musical instrument of the present invention is controlled by a program, it can be realized by a simple modification with a slight modification, and a low-cost electronic musical instrument can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating functions of parts related to compression of a dynamic range of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a calculation process of a calculation unit of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a main flowchart of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a dynamic range compression operation of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 keyboard 2 touch detection circuit (velocity detection means) 3 operation panel 4 panel scan circuit 5 tone signal generation unit 6 waveform memory 7 D / A converter 8 amplifier 9 speaker 10 CPU 11 ROM 12 RAM 13 expression pedal (control value input means) 21 calculation unit (calculation means) 22 control unit (control means) 23 dynamic range table

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Velocity detecting means for detecting key velocity and converting the velocity data into velocity data having a dynamic range, and control value input means for inputting a control value for controlling the velocity data converted by the velocity detecting means. Calculating means for calculating compressed velocity data by performing an operation based on the control value input by the control value input means on the velocity data converted by the velocity detecting means; and a compression calculated by the calculating means. Determine the compressed dynamic range based on the velocity data
An electronic musical instrument, comprising: control means for controlling a volume and tone. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control value input by said control value input means is read out each time the key is turned on to control the dynamic range. 3. The dynamic range according to claim 1, wherein the control value input means is an expression pedal, and a control value corresponding to a degree of depression of the expression pedal is read to control a dynamic range. An electronic musical instrument according to any of the above.