JPH1045519A - Agent for preventing rind-puffing of citrus fruit and prevention of rind-puffing using the agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a rind-puffing preventing agent achieving sufficient effect to prevent rind-puffing of citrus fruit at a low cost by the use of a small amount of the agent in the culture of a citrus fruit by using a specific compound derived e.g. from lignite, peat, etc., as an active component. SOLUTION: A humic acid salt is used as an active component of the subject agent. The rind-puffing preventing agent for citrus fruit is irrigated from the surface of soil, sprayed on the leaf of the citrus tree or scattered on the soil in the form of granule or powder. The humic acid salt may be used in combination with other substances. The other substance is e.g. a fertilizer such as phosphoric acid. The humic acid is preferably free humic acid, its salt or nitrohumic acid. The humic acid can be produced e.g. by crushing young grass peat and adding nitric acid to effect oxidization and decomposition of the raw material. The citrus fruit is e.g. Citrus unshu, sweet summer orange, Citrus iyo, Citrus hassaku, shaddock, lemon, Chinese honey wanurco and Citrus junos.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a citrus peeling inhibitor and a method for preventing the peeling thereof, and more particularly to a technique for reducing the peeling of citrus fruits with humic acid when cultivating tangerine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In citrus fruits such as tangerine, there is little space between the pulp and the pericarp, and those with reduced so-called floating skin (floating fruit) are preferred, and the commercial value is increased by reducing the floating skin. , The taste is also good. For this reason, cultivation farmers have made various efforts to spray various pesticides, etc., but they have not been able to achieve sufficient effects yet, and even if there is some effect, a large amount of spraying is necessary. Or
There has been a demand for a technique that is high in cost and has a high floating skin prevention effect.

On the other hand, humic acids are known as soil amendments. (1) JP-A-63-301804 proposes a liquid crop stimulant containing a water-soluble alkali metal salt of humic acid, a phytonutrient and an appropriate liquid. Stimulate crops and increase crop yields synergistically. (2) In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-198226, humic acid such as natural humic acid or nitrohumic acid or a salt thereof is sprayed at the latter stage of hardening stage of a seedling grown in a nursery box in rice cultivation. When the seedlings are attached to the roots of the seedlings and then transplanted to Honda, the rooting of the rice is promoted, so that the rooting can be accelerated and the tillering can be promoted. (3) JP-A-3-8788 discloses that a soluble humate solution obtained by dissolving a coal-derived oxidation product having a specific element and a functional group analysis value in water is capable of promoting the growth of seedlings and the root growth of seedlings. It is said that it can lead to improved growth and a low shoot-to-root ratio. (4) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-160660 discloses that fertilizers obtained by reacting sawdust, bark, and the like with urea are provided with water-soluble nitrogen and humic acid-like substances and urea. Reacts to produce non-water-soluble condensed nitrogen,
It is said that it can bring about the effect of maintaining fertilization in soil and contribute to the enrichment of organic matter in soil by continuous use. (5) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-84392 discloses that a mixed phosphate fertilizer obtained by treating liquor fertilizer with humic acid and then blending lime superphosphate, etc., has a stable water-soluble phosphoric acid content. It is said that it will be surely guaranteed and will have an excellent fertilizing effect. (6) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 03-237082 discloses that metallic Mg
Magnesium slag by-produced during refining, lime superphosphate,
Granular humic acid phosphate fertilizers containing one or more of heavy superphosphate and humic acid and humic acid as main components do not use soluble phosphorus fertilizer,
It can contain water-soluble and water-soluble phosphoric acid, and can control the water-soluble phosphoric acid, improve the disintegration of granular materials, and promote the initial growth of plants. It can be done. (7) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 61-40889 proposes a soil application material in which compost or the like is treated with nitric acid to enrich nitrohumic acid, and a corrosive acid material such as compost is oxidized with nitric acid to produce nitrohumic acid. After acid-enrichment, if necessary, by mixing topsoil powder and biotite rock powder from a crushed stone quarry, soil base substitution capacity and agglomeration can be increased, and a soil application material without odor can be obtained. And (8) JP-A-3-52990 discloses that a product derived from coal such as oxyhumic acid (salt) gel or the like is applied to soil to stabilize it, especially in hardened or compacted soil. It is assumed that a (small) aggregate can be formed. (9) JP-A-4-214085 discloses that trace elements are (1) suspended or combined with coal-derived humic acid in an aqueous medium, (2) trapped in oxidized coal,
Or (3) a trace element-containing composition contained in a mixed form of the above (1) and (2) is supplied to soil, and even in a basic soil, a plant (maize) contains iron, zinc, copper, Techniques have been proposed to provide a form that easily absorbs trace elements such as manganese or a mixture thereof. (10) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 58-208191 discloses that a soil activator obtained by combining a culture containing a bacterium of the genus Bacillus with a culture of an actinomycete in a carrier containing humic acid and protein nitrogen is disclosed. It has a function of fixing useful microorganisms in soil to improve and activate the soil. (11) JP-A-07-126091 describes a soil conditioner containing silicic acid and humic acid as main components using natural products as raw materials.

[0004] As can be seen from the above, humic acid is used in crops,
It is described that it can be used for promoting the growth of seedlings or regulating soil. The above-mentioned (1) JP-A-63-301804 describes that the number of tomato plants can be increased. There is no mention of the cultivation of fruit trees,
There is no disclosure that the tangerine whose citrus peel adheres to the pulp surface in the harvested tangerine to which humic acid has been applied can provide a tangerine in which so-called floating skin is prevented.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique having a high effect of preventing floating in cultivation of citrus fruits. Another object of the present invention is to provide a technique for preventing floating skin which can provide a sufficient floating skin preventing effect with a small amount of use and is inexpensive. The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention relates to a citrus floating agent containing humic acids as an active ingredient. The present invention also relates to a method of irrigating a citrus floating agent containing humic acids as an active ingredient from the soil surface. The present invention relates to a method for preventing citrus husks, which comprises spraying citrus leaves on the ground or spraying granules or powder on soil.

Examples of humic acids used in the present invention
Is humic acid, nitrohumic acid, oxyhumic acid
Salts thereof. Humic acid is also called humic acid
Alkali in soil or low-rank coal
Brown to black amorphous acidic substance soluble in water and insoluble in acid
Humus, along with large amounts of organic and coal quality in soil
Forming part. The separation methods generally involve soil or
Treated coal with water or organic solvents to remove associated substances
After that, extract with diluted alkali and add inorganic acid until it becomes acidic.
And obtained by precipitation. The elemental composition is unknown, but its
One example is 60-65% carbon, 4-5% hydrogen, 30-oxygen.
It is 35%. The chemical structure of humic acid is unknown
Shows an example of the descriptive formula: ₇₈H₅₂O_Five(COO
H)₈(OH)₇(CO)_TwoIt is something like
The humic acid, for example, lignite, lignite, peat coal young coal
By crushing, adding nitric acid and oxidatively decomposing
Obtainable. Nitrohumic acid is similar to humic acid
Crushes young coal such as lignite, peat, lignite, etc.
Then, nitric acid is added to oxidize, which is filtered and precipitated.
And the solution obtained by drying the precipitate.
Can be. Corrosive acids such as compost, manure and compost
After pretreatment such as dehydration and pulverization of the starting material
Oxidation by adding nitric acid, high nitrohumic acid content
Can be obtained. Oxyhumic acid
In a similar way to these humic and nitrohumic acids.
The obtained and oxidized coal (oxychol)
Mix with aqueous solution of lukali, filter the heated and cooled products,
It can be obtained by making the liquid acidic. these
Examples of salts such as humic acid include water-soluble alkali metals
And ammonium salts.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned citrus floating inhibitor containing humic acids as an active ingredient is irrigated from the soil surface, sprayed on citrus leaves or sprayed on the soil in the form of granules or powder. For example, an aqueous solution (suspension) obtained by dissolving humic acid in water may be irrigated from the soil surface or sprayed on citrus leaves. For its application, a sprinkler sprinkler can be used. A citrus edema inhibitor containing granulated or powdered humic acids as an active ingredient may be directly applied to soil, dissolved in rainwater or the like, and allowed to penetrate into the soil. Humic acids may be used in combination with other substances. Examples of other substances include fertilizers. A specific example is phosphoric acid. Calcareous fertilizers such as lime superphosphate, crushed stones, clay minerals such as topsoil powder from gravel pits, plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium phosphate, and ascorbic acid, sugars, amino acids, iron, zinc, copper, manganese or manganese , Etc. may be used in combination. In addition, an organic substance, a water retention material, a soil conditioner, and the like may be added within a range that does not interfere.

The present invention broadly comprises a fruit-like pulp and pericarp, with little space between the pulp and pericarp,
Those having reduced floating skin (floating skin fruits) are applied to those which are preferred. In particular, by applying to citrus fruits, floating skin can be reduced, commercial value can be increased, and taste can be improved. Examples of citrus fruits include Citrus unshiu, such as Nankan No. 20, sweet summers, summer summers such as neo-summer oranges, orange summer mandarins, Hinata summer mandarins, Iyokan, Hassaku, Sanbokan, Naruto mandarins :, grapefruit, Buntan ), Lemon, sweet oranges, Washington Navel, Valencia Orange, Ponkan, Yuzu and other citrus fruits.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0011]

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

Example 1 The floating test effect of Unshu mandarin orange was investigated by the following test method. Test method; (1) Test location, cultivar Farmer's farm in Yoshida-cho, Kita-wa, Ehime Prefecture Cultivar: Nankan No. 20 4
4th grade (2) Outline of the test; 1st section: Humic acid concentrated solution 15% 200CC + water-soluble phosphoric acid 20% 1kg 2nd section: Humic acid concentrated solution 15% 200CC 3rd section Unapplied Each section dissolved in 1200 liters of water per 1a, soil surface Water. (3) Date of application: September 19, 1995 (6
(1.5 mm rainfall) (4) Date of floating skin investigation and fruit analysis; before harvest 1995
January 22 The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

[0013]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1, in the investigation according to the degree of husk before harvesting, in each of the humic acid application plots, there was little occurrence of husk, and those with low husk were obtained with a high probability. But a firm fruit was obtained. On the other hand, in the untreated plots, floating fruits were observed and the fruits were soft. The orchard is a land with a lot of floating skins every year, and therefore, the remarkable effect of humic acid application was confirmed.

Example 2 Nankan No.20, 11th grader, on a farmer's farm in Yoshida-cho, Kita-Uwa-gun, Ehime Prefecture
0 trees were tested, and on September 8, 1995, humic acid 500
An anti-floating agent consisting of a 1-fold aqueous solution and a 2000-fold aqueous solution of polyphosphoric acid (hereinafter, referred to as P) was sprayed on the leaves to investigate the effect of reducing the floating of Nankan. November 16, 1995 before harvest
On the day and on November 29, the rate of floating skin occurrence and the degree of floating skin were examined in accordance with Example 1. Table 2 shows the results.

[0016]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2 above, in the investigation according to the degree of husk before harvest, there was a difference in the rate of emergence of husk of nearly 30% between the humic acid and P-applied section and the non-applied section. It can be seen that a material with a low degree of scab is obtained with a high probability, and the occurrence of scab can be reduced by applying humic acid and P.

Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. Needless to say,

[0019]

The effects obtained by the representative ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows. That is, according to the present invention, the anti-citrus citrus peeling agent containing humic acids as an active ingredient is irrigated from the soil surface, sprayed on the citrus leaves or sprayed on the soil in the form of granules or powder to be harvested. In citrus such as tangerine, the rind such as mandarin peel adheres to the pulp surface, and citrus in which so-called floating skin is prevented can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the operation and effect of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... data in 1st ward 2 ... data in 2nd ward 3 ... data in 3rd ward

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location A01N 59:26)

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An anti-citrus citrus floating agent comprising a humic acid as an active ingredient. 2. The citrus floating inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the humic acids are humic acids. 3. The humic acids are humic acid salts,
The citrus floating agent according to claim 1. 4. The humic acids are nitrohumic acids.
The citrus floating agent according to claim 1. 5. A citrus anti-icing agent comprising humic acids as an active ingredient, comprising humic acids and phosphoric acid.
The citrus floating agent according to claim 1. 6. The anti-citrus citrus floating agent according to claim 1, wherein the citrus is tangerine. 7. Citrus floating skin, characterized in that a citrus floating inhibitor comprising humic acids as an active ingredient is irrigated from the soil surface, sprayed on citrus leaves or sprayed on the soil in the form of granules or powder. Prevention method. 8. A citrus anti-icing agent comprising humic acids as an active ingredient, comprising humic acids and phosphoric acid.
The citrus floating agent according to claim 7.