JPH10261286A - Information recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effect a high speed reading of data in which data being on a rewriting impossible recording medium are apparently corrected and added and to attain the effective utilization of all areas of a disk by managing data before and after corrections and addition while providing directory parts. SOLUTION: A directory part D(0) 20 is provided in the first sector of a disk and an inherent code, the number of files and data for retrieval are recorded in the part 20. In the case of correcting the recorded data of the disk or of adding a file to the disk, a new data file AF(1) 40 is recorded in an unused area and also a new directory part D(1) 41 is recorded in an unused area and the address of the D(1) is recorded in an unused block next to the old directory part D(0) 20 and, thereafter, the accessing of data is performed by using the D(1) 41. Also in the case of performing the changing of data again, the directory part is updated to a new directory part similarily to form the newest directory part always and the shortening of access is made possible.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-rewritable recording medium, such as a disk or an optical tape, which can be reproduced and recorded only once, and in particular, stores information later. And information recording media suitable for additional recording. 2. Description of the Related Art As a method of recording information using a non-rewritable optical disk, as shown in JP-A-56-25278, the disk is divided into an index area and a data recording area. There is known a method of recording data in a data recording area and recording search data corresponding to each data in an index area. This method has an advantage that arbitrary data can be accessed at high speed and randomly using search data in the index area. However, if the amount of data to be recorded and the area for search data prepared in the index area do not correspond one-to-one, it is necessary to divide the data into a data recording area and an index area beforehand so that the entire area of the disc is It is difficult to make effective use of. For example, although the data amount is large and the data recording area occupies a large portion,
If there is a lot of data that does not require much search data, the index area is left unused.
Conversely, if there is much data that does not occupy the data recording area very much, the index area is filled first and the data recording area becomes unusable. As a method for apparently rewriting already recorded data, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 56-22
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 274, there is known a method of recording data to be corrected in a recordable area that has not been used yet, and adding information indicating that correction is to be performed to search data corresponding to the data to be corrected. Have been. However, this prior art discloses a method of recording search data on a rewritable floppy disk, but details a method of recording search data on a non-rewritable optical disk. Absent. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to apparently correct, add, and add data recorded on a non-rewritable recording medium, and to correct these corrected or added data. An object of the present invention is to provide an information recording medium which can be read at high speed and can effectively use the entire area of a disk. A feature of the present invention is that a directory section for data retrieval is provided, thereby enabling high-speed access to data and modifying the directory section such as correction and addition of data. If necessary,
The directory part that manages both the data before correction and addition and the data after correction and addition is newly recorded in the data recording area, so that the directory part can be updated one after another. It is in. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
The operation will be described. In FIG. 1, 1 is an optical disk for recording data, 2 is an actuator that can move an optical pickup for recording and reproducing data in three directions, and 3 is a spindle motor for rotating the disk 1. The optical pickup actually comprises a laser oscillator 7 and a light receiving element 10. Reference numeral 11 denotes a mechanism control circuit, which controls an actuator drive circuit 15 and a motor drive circuit 16 via a focus servo circuit 12, a tracking servo circuit 13, and a motor servo circuit 14, so that the disk 1 and the optical pickup can operate normally. It is controlled to maintain the positional relationship. Reference numeral 4 denotes a control circuit which controls the entire apparatus shown in FIG. Reference numeral 5 denotes an error correction code (ECC code) encoder circuit, 6 denotes a laser oscillator driving circuit, 9 denotes an amplification circuit, and 8 denotes an error correction code decoder circuit. When recording data, for example, 2K bytes of original data
An ECC code for error correction of 288 bytes is added and recorded on the disk by the laser drive circuit 6 and the laser oscillator 7. Recording is performed in sector units. One sector is composed of 2K bytes of original data, 288 bytes of ECC code, and several bytes of information for representing the address of the sector. When reproducing data, the light receiving element 10 and the amplification circuit 9 are used to reproduce the data on the disk.
Data for the sector is sent to the decoder circuit 8. If an error has occurred in the data, the decoder circuit corrects the error using an ECC code and then outputs the necessary information of 2 Kbytes. FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of data on a disk. There are a plurality of concentric tracks or a single spiral track on the disk, and each track is divided into several sectors. These sectors can be further arranged in a certain order. A directory section is recorded in the first sector. FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the directory section. At the head of the directory, a unique code ID 30 representing the directory is 8
The FN 31 indicating the number of files stored in the disk and the number of files stored in the disk is also recorded in 8 bytes. From the 33rd byte, 32 bytes of search data are recorded for each file. The search data is an 11-byte FN representing the name of the file.
-1 32, 1 byte A3 representing file attribute
3, the address SA34 of the first block in which the file is recorded, FL35 indicating the size of the file
Are stored in 4 bytes each. As the block, a sector is used as it is, or an integral multiple of the sector is used as one block. The size of the directory portion is not limited, and may be over a plurality of blocks according to the size of the file. 36 is a code indicating the end of the file, in which φφ is recorded. The next block 21 of the directory section 20
Are left unused, and files are sequentially recorded from the next block. In the example of FIG. 2, F (1) to F (1)
Up to (n), n files are recorded from 22 to 26. 27 is an unused area. When a file is read, first, the directory section is read, the directory is searched by the file name, necessary data such as the start address of data is obtained, and the target data file can be read immediately. When correcting data or adding a file, a new data file AF (1) 40 is first recorded in an unused area as shown in FIG. Next, the directory section is corrected as necessary. (In the case of data correction, the start address SA of the file and the size FL of the file are changed to those of the new file AF (1), In the case of addition, the number of files is increased by one and new file data is added to the directory by 32 bytes.) This new directory D (1) 41 is recorded in an unused area. In addition, the old directory D
The address of the new directory section D (1) is recorded in the unused block 21 next to (0). Thereafter, data access is performed using the new directory section D (1). When the data is changed again, the new data is recorded in the same manner, the updated new directory is recorded, and the address of the new directory is recorded in the block next to the old directory. I do. Since a new directory is created each time data is updated, it is desirable to update data collectively. FIG. 5 shows such an example. Four additional files AF (2) to AF (5) are additionally recorded in the example of FIG. 4, and thereafter, a new directory section D (2) and D (2) are added.
Data PD (2) indicating the address of (2) is recorded. PD (2) is recorded in the block next to the old directory section D (1). The new data, the directory part, and the address of the new directory are preferably recorded in this order. Because there is a defect on the disc,
This is because data may not be recorded. As shown in FIG. 6, new data AF (m) 52 is recorded, and this data is reproduced. At this time, if a serious error occurs due to a defect on the disc and the data cannot be decoded even by using the error correction code, the data AF (m) '5
Record 3. When data AF (m) 'can be reproduced,
The updated directory D (n + 1) 54 is recorded for the first time, and the address of AF (m) 'is used as the address of the new file. In this way, the file AF (m) that could not be reproduced is automatically excluded from the file. Also in the case of recording of the directory part, reading is performed after recording, and if a serious error occurs, the directory part is recorded again. As shown in FIG. 7, if the new directory section D (n + 1) 61 cannot be reproduced, D (n + 1) '62 is recorded again, and after confirming that D (n + 1) 'can be reproduced, D (n + 1)' is confirmed. The address of (n + 1) 'is recorded in PD (n + 1) 51. Although a replacement block is not prepared in PD (n + 1), only the address of D (n + 1) needs to be recorded in PD (n + 1), so that the address is repeatedly recorded in a multiplexed manner. Then, even if a serious error that cannot be corrected by the error correction code occurs, the location where the error occurred can be detected. Can be. Since a new directory portion is recorded every time data is corrected, it is necessary to find the latest directory portion. However, this requires the PD (1) of the block following the first directory portion D (0). ), It is possible to detect the latest directory portion by sequentially traversing the addresses. In the latest directory part, the next block is unused, and in the other directory parts, the address of the next directory part is recorded. Further, the latest directory portion is detected only once after the power is turned on, and then its address may be recorded in the RAM in the main body, so that the time required for data access does not increase. When erasing data or changing the name of data, it is possible to perform correction and addition of data in the same way as by simply updating only the directory part. Although the embodiment of FIG. 1 describes the case where an optical disk is used as a recording medium, any non-rewritable recording medium can be used in exactly the same way.
For example, the present invention can be applied to an optical tape or the like. As described above, according to the present invention, although a non-rewritable recording medium is used, it is possible to apparently correct, add, and delete data, and to always use the latest data. Is completely updated, the time required to access the data does not increase, and the data can be increased by effectively using the area of the recording medium.

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of data according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a directory unit according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of data according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of data according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of data according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement of data according to the present invention. [Explanation of symbols] 1 ... optical disk, 2. Actuator, 3. Spindle motor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An information recording medium on which data cannot be rewritten and data can be added or updated, wherein at least a first data group and a first directory for managing the first data group are recorded. An information recording medium, further comprising: a second data group; and a second directory for managing both the second data group and the first data group. 2. 2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, further comprising information indicating an address of said second directory. 3. 2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the second data group and the second directory are additionally recorded at a recording position on a recording medium according to a data amount of the first data group. An information recording medium, wherein the recording position changes according to the data amount of the first data group. (Effective use of media by packing and recording) An information recording medium on which data cannot be rewritten, wherein at least a first data group and a first directory for managing the first data group are recorded. An information recording medium, wherein a second directory for managing a second data group excluding data to be deleted from the group is recorded. The information recording medium according to claim 4, further comprising information indicating an address of the second directory.