JPH10238735A - Refuse incinerating furnace, method and apparatus for detecting hopper bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refuse incinerating furnace for early detecting occurrence of bridge of refuse in a hopper and a method and apparatus for detecting hopper bridge to detect the bridge of the refuse in the hopper. SOLUTION: A hopper 2 of the refuse incinerating furnace 1 has a bridge detection meter 12. The hopper is provided at its bottom with a dust feeder 4a for supplying refuse into a combustion furnace 1a, and provided with a dust feeding speedometer 13 for measuring a dust feeding speed and an operating pressure gage 14 for detecting an operation of the feeder 4a. A hopper bridge is detected according to a height of a hopper level, dust feeding speed and operating pressure. This apparatus is provided to stabilize combustion of the furnace.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse incinerator, a hopper bridge detection method and an apparatus therefor, and more particularly, it promotes a stable supply of municipal waste and the like from a hopper to a refuse incinerator.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse incinerator effective for automatic combustion control of a refuse incinerator, and relates to a hopper bridge detection method and a device for detecting cross-linked refuse in a hopper into which the refuse is charged.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Municipal solid waste incinerators play an important role in treating various wastes discharged in social life. In recent years, with the promotion of effective use of thermal energy generated from municipal refuse incinerators, refuse incinerators equipped with boiler power generation equipment are increasing. In such a refuse incinerator, it is necessary to burn the refuse in the furnace stably to supply stable electric power. In such a refuse combustion furnace,
Usually, for the stable supply of steam and the stabilization of the furnace outlet temperature,
Automatic combustion control is being performed. In this combustion control, the amount of combustion air and the amount of cooling air are used as control factors. Or,
It is controlled by a method of controlling the feed rate of dust in a dust supply device for feeding dust supplied from a dust input hopper into a combustion furnace, or controlling a grate speed.

[0003] However, when the dust is clogged in the dust input hopper in a bridging manner to form a so-called hopper bridge, the supply of the dust into the combustion furnace is stopped. The automatic combustion control of the refuse incinerator and the occurrence of a hopper bridge reduce the amount of steam generated (volume of steam) and the temperature inside the furnace because the refuse is not supplied to the combustion furnace. Control alone cannot ensure stable combustion.

For this reason, in the refuse combustion furnace disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-266310, the temperature in the combustion furnace, or the change in the amount of steam and the pressure of the combustion air are measured to detect the hopper bridge. I have. Referring to FIG. 14, a combustion furnace 20 having a waste heat boiler 22 is provided. Dust 23 supplied from a hopper 21 is supplied into the combustion furnace by a dust supply device 24, and air is supplied from below a stoker 28. Sent and incinerated. The combustion gas is exhausted through the heat exchanger of the waste heat boiler 22. In this incinerator, a pressure gauge 25 is provided below the combustion grate and a furnace temperature / temperature sensor 2 is provided in a combustion gas passage.
6. A steam amount sensor 27 is provided in the steam piping system.
The state in which the refuse forms the hopper bridge B in the hopper 21 is shown. In such a state, the amount of the refuse on the combustion grate decreases, and the pressure loss of the combustion air decreases. This pressure loss is measured by the pressure gauge 25 to detect the occurrence of the hopper bridge B, or to detect a decrease in the temperature in the combustion furnace or a decrease in the amount of steam in the waste heat boiler.

[0005]

However, FIG.
In the refuse incinerator, when the hopper bridge B is generated in the middle of the normal chute 21a,
Since the refuse is supplied to the combustion furnace until there is no refuse, the temperature, steam amount and combustion air pressure in the furnace do not change immediately. And the chute 2 at the lower part of the hopper bridge B
After the waste of 1a is completely eliminated, the measured values of the furnace temperature, the steam amount and the combustion air pressure begin to decrease. In the conventional refuse incinerator, the occurrence of hopper bridge B is detected after these measured values begin to fall, so the recovery operation to release hopper bridge B is only after the measured values have fallen, and the amount of steam has stabilized. Therefore, a certain amount of power cannot be supplied by a refuse incinerator equipped with a power generation facility.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is a waste incinerator capable of detecting the occurrence of a hopper bridge of refuse in a hopper at an early stage, and detecting the refuse bridge in the hopper. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hopper bridge detection method and an apparatus therefor.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a refuse incinerator, a hopper bridge detection method, and a hopper bridge detection method capable of detecting the generation of refuse bridges in a hopper at an early stage and stabilizing the amount of steam. is there.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and a method for detecting a hopper bridge of a refuse incinerator according to the first aspect of the present invention is directed to a hopper level in a refuse incinerator. The height of the hopper is periodically measured, and a bridge of dust in the hopper is detected based on the measured value. In the present invention, when a hopper bridge occurs, the level does not change and the hopper bridge remains in a constant state. When such a state continues, it is determined that a bridge has occurred.

In the hopper bridge detecting method for a waste incinerator according to the second aspect of the present invention, the height of the hopper level in the waste incinerator, the dust feeding speed by the dust feeding device, and the operating pressure of the dust feeding device are periodically changed. It is characterized by measuring and detecting a dust bridge in the hopper based on each measurement value.In the present invention, the hopper level is constant, and the dust feeding speed by the dust feeding device, the dust feeding device, When the operating pressure is measured and the operating pressure is reduced, the occurrence of the hopper bridge becomes more reliable.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a hopper bridge of a refuse incinerator, wherein the height of the hopper level in the refuse incinerator is periodically measured, and the amount of the hopper level drop is calculated based on the measured value. The height of the hopper level is periodically measured by periodically comparing the descent amount with a preset reference value of the descent amount to detect a dust bridge in the hopper. Then, the amount of descent of the hopper level is stored, and it is determined that a hopper bridge has occurred based on a comparison between the amount of descent in the past and the amount of descent periodically measured.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a hopper bridge of a refuse incinerator, wherein the hopper level height is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed in the hopper of the refuse incinerator, and the hopper level for a predetermined time in the past is measured. The present invention is characterized in that a current hopper level estimated value is calculated from the measured value, the estimated value is compared with the currently measured hopper level height, and a bridge of dust in the hopper is detected. Is periodically measured and stored, and the current hopper level height is estimated from changes in the past hopper level,
It is determined that a hopper bridge has occurred by comparing the measured value of the current hopper level height.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a hopper bridge of a refuse incinerator, wherein the height of the hopper level is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed on the hopper of the refuse incinerator, and based on the measured value. The average amount of hopper level descent in the past fixed time is calculated, and the dust feeding speed of the dust feeder that supplies refuse from the hopper into the combustion furnace is periodically measured. Based on the average value of, the amount of drop of the hopper level per unit operation of the dust supply device is calculated and compared with the amount of drop of the hopper level per unit operation of the dust supply device of the refuse that has been thrown in several times in the past, The present invention is characterized in that a bridge of dust in the hopper is detected, and in the present invention, the hopper bridge is compared with the past and present amount of drop of the hopper level per unit operation of the dust supply device. To detect the raw.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a hopper bridge in a refuse incinerator, wherein the height of the hopper level is periodically measured in the refuse incinerator, and the hopper level drop amount is calculated based on the measured value. Then, the hopper level drop amount is compared with a reference value, and the operating pressure when the dust supply device is driven is periodically measured, and the measured value is compared with the reference value.
Detecting the dust bridge in the hopper from the two comparison results. According to the present invention, the judgment according to the invention of claim 3 and the judgment based on the comparison between the operating pressure at the time of driving the dust supply device and the reference value are performed. Thereby, the detection of the hopper bridge is ensured.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a hopper bridge of a refuse incinerator, wherein the hopper level height is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed in the hopper of the refuse incinerator, and the hopper level for a predetermined time in the past is measured. The current hopper level estimated value is calculated from the measured value of, the estimated value is compared with the currently measured hopper level height, and the operating pressure at the time of driving the dust supply device is periodically measured, and the measured value is compared with the measured value. A comparison with a reference value is performed, and a bridge of dust in the hopper is detected based on a result of these two comparisons. The hopper bridge is reliably detected by the determination based on the comparison between the hopper bridge and the reference value.

In the hopper bridge detecting method for a refuse incinerator according to the present invention, the height of the hopper level is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed on the hopper of the refuse incinerator, and based on the measured value. The average descent amount of the hopper level in the past fixed time is calculated, and the dust feeding speed of the dust feeding device is periodically measured, and based on the average value of the dust feeding speed in the past fixed time calculated from the measured value. The amount of level drop per unit operation of the dust supply device is calculated, and based on the level drop amount per unit operation of the dust supply device and the measured value with respect to refuse that has been thrown in the past several times, the hopper level of the hopper level for a predetermined time in the past is calculated. The present invention is characterized in that an average drop amount is compared, an operating pressure at the time of driving the dust supply device is compared with a reference value, and a bridge of dust in the hopper is detected from a result of these two comparisons. An average drop of the bell, and drop of the hopper level per unit operation of Kyuchiri device according average feeding dust rate, the operating pressure of the Kyuchiri device, by statistical methods, can be more accurately detect the hopper bridge.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a hopper bridge in a refuse incinerator according to the seventh or eighth aspect, wherein the two comparison results are used to detect a refuse bridge by fuzzy inference. As a feature, the present invention is a detection method for detecting a hopper bridge by fuzzy inference of two comparison results, and can detect a hopper bridge early.

In a hopper level detecting device according to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dust supply speed detecting means for detecting a dust supply speed of a dust supply device for supplying dust introduced from a hopper into a combustion furnace; Operating pressure detecting means for detecting the operating pressure of the apparatus, hopper level detecting means for detecting the height of dust in the hopper, and a hopper based on outputs from the operating pressure detecting means and the hopper level detecting means. And a control means for detecting a bridge in the hopper. In the present invention, the hopper level detecting means for detecting the height of the refuse in the hopper provided above the refuse input hopper, and the operation of the dust supply device A hopper level detection device capable of detecting the occurrence of a hopper bridge by one or both of pressure detection means.

The refuse incinerator according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention includes:
Hopper level detection means for detecting the height of the refuse in the hopper provided at the top of the refuse input hopper, dust supply speed detection means for a dust supply device for supplying refuse supplied from the refuse input hopper into the combustion furnace, Operating pressure detecting means for detecting the operating pressure of the dust supply device; control means for processing outputs from the dust feeding speed detecting means, the operating pressure detecting means, and the hopper level detecting means to detect a bridge in the hopper. According to the present invention, any one of hopper level detecting means for detecting the height of dust in a hopper provided at the upper part of the dust input hopper and operating pressure detecting means for the dust supply device is provided. Or both means to detect the occurrence of hopper bridges and to stabilize the combustion of the refuse incinerator.

The refuse incinerator according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention is
12. The refuse incinerator according to claim 11, wherein the control means includes a fuzzy inference unit. In the present invention, the hopper bridge can be detected by fuzzy inference, so that the detection can be performed at high speed and early. be able to.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a hopper bridge detection method and a hopper bridge detection method for detecting a state in which garbage is packed in a hopper at a refuse incinerator and a refuse inlet in a bridge shape, that is, a hopper bridge, will be described.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a refuse incinerator and a hopper bridge detection apparatus to which a hopper bridge detection method for refuse in a hopper applied to a refuse incinerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is. Note that the configuration of FIG. 1 is also applied to Embodiments 2 to 11 described below as it is.

The refuse incinerator 1 is provided with a hopper 2 into which refuse is charged, and the refuse supplied from the hopper 2 passes through the chute 3 and is supplied to the dust supply provided at the entrance of the combustion chamber 1a. The primary combustion air is sent from the device 4a to the combustion grate 4b in order, and the primary combustion air is sent from below the combustion grate 4b by the primary combustion air fan 5. The garbage is dried, burned, and ashes in the process of moving on the combustion grate 4b, and is discharged from the fall port 6 to the outside of the furnace.

On the other hand, above the combustion grate 4b, the secondary combustion air supplied from the secondary combustion air fan 7 is blown into the furnace from the secondary combustion air blowing port 8 to oxidize unburned components, Prevents furnace overheating. The combustion exhaust gas that has exited the furnace outlet 9 heats the heat exchanger 10a to boil water in the boiler 10b, and the steam is used for heating, power generation, and the like.

The refuse incinerator is provided with a hopper bridge detecting means 16, which includes a hopper level meter 12, a dust feeding speed meter 13, and a dust feeding device operating pressure gauge 14.
Is input, and predetermined arithmetic processing is performed to determine whether or not the hopper bridge B has occurred, and a signal is sent to the alarm device 15. The timing at which the dust supply device 4a sends the refuse into the combustion furnace 1a is once every several tens of seconds to several minutes. Therefore, the sampling of each data is appropriately performed at a period of several tens seconds to several minutes.

If the refuse incinerator has a bridge release device that destroys the hopper bridge B generated in the hopper, a signal to be sent to the alarm device is sent directly to the bridge release device to automatically release the bridge. can do. The bridge release device is a device (not shown) that breaks the hopper bridge B by forcibly applying vibration to the chute 3 or by inserting an arm-shaped member into the hopper.

The hopper bridge detecting device of the refuse incinerator according to the present embodiment comprises a level meter 12 installed above the hopper 2.
The height of the garbage in the hopper (the height of the hopper level)
Is periodically sampled and measured, and the hopper bridge B can be detected. Further, the speed and operating pressure of the dust supply device 4a are periodically sampled and measured. The hopper bridge B is detected based on these measured values.

For example, when a hopper bridge B is generated in the hopper and the state is left as it is, dust below the hopper bridge B is supplied into the furnace, and the dust is removed from the chute 3.
And the refuse is not supplied to the combustion grate 4b. FIG. 2 shows the fluctuation of the hopper level. The portion A in the figure indicates the occurrence of the hopper bridge B.
The hopper level does not change and becomes a constant state. If such a state continues, it is determined that a hopper bridge has occurred, and an alarm is given to the operator by the alarm device 15 by an electric signal. By receiving the warning and performing a recovery operation, it is possible to prevent a drop in the amount of steam. Alternatively, in the case of a refuse incinerator equipped with a bridge release device, this electric signal is sent directly to the bridge release device to automatically release the hopper bridge.

Conventionally, the amount of steam from the boiler 10b and the temperature inside the furnace begin to decrease after the state in which the hopper bridge B has been generated. In the present embodiment, the hopper bridge is closed before these phenomena occur. Since the detection operation and the recovery operation can be performed, the steam amount can always be stabilized.

(Embodiment 2) A method for detecting hopper bridges in the hopper will be described with reference to the refuse incinerator of FIG. The second embodiment is a detection device that uses a hopper level meter 12 and a hopper bridge detection unit 16, and outputs the output of the hopper level meter 12 to the hopper bridge detection unit 16.
To calculate the hopper bridge B. The hopper bridge detecting means 16 is connected to the central control device (C
PU) and a storage device, and the central control unit is provided with arithmetic means, comparison means, and counting means. Fifteen
Is an alarm device. As shown in the equation (1), the detection method calculates and calculates a difference DL3 (k) between the current hopper level L (k) and the previously measured hopper level L (k-1). Then, whether or not this value is equal to or less than the reference value DL3 _RE is calculated and determined at regular intervals by the comparing means. Subsequently, the number of times that the difference DL3 is equal to or less than the reference value DL3 _RE is counted by the counting means. When the count value is repeated n times, it is determined that the hopper bridge B has occurred. Note that the reference value DL3 _RE is determined from the actual value. DL3 (k) = L (k) -L (k-1) (1)

Next, a hopper bridge detection method according to this embodiment will be described. The hopper bridge detecting means 1
A control program is stored in the storage device 6 and will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3 based on the control program. In the figure, in step S1, the difference DL
3 (k) and the reference value DL3 _RE are calculated based on the comparison means.
It is determined whether or not L3 (k) ≦ DL3 _RE . If this condition is satisfied, the number of times that this condition is satisfied is counted by the counting means in the process of steps S2 and S3. If it is n or more, it is determined in step S4 that a hopper bridge has occurred, and the hopper bridge detection is performed. A bridge generation alarm signal is generated from the means 16 and left by the alarm device 15. Also, the bridge generation alarm signal is input to a bridge release device (not shown) to release the hopper bridge. The automatic combustion control of the refuse incinerator is controlled so that the temperature in the furnace becomes constant.

(Embodiment 3) Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described. This embodiment is a detection device similar to the above embodiment, and the hopper level height is periodically measured by the hopper bridge detection means 16 and the hopper level meter 12. The hopper bridge detecting means 16 calculates a hopper level drop amount DL1 (m / min) per unit time based on the measured value, compares the drop amount with a reference value, and generates the hopper bridge B. Is detected.
As shown in equation (2), the current hopper level L (k)
And the hopper level L (k
The value of -d) is read out, and DL1 (k) is obtained by the arithmetic means at a constant period. According to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4, DL1 (k) is changed to the reference value DL1 _RE.
It is determined whether or not the following conditions are satisfied. When this condition is satisfied, it is determined that the hopper bridge B has occurred.

DL1 (k) = (L (k) −L (k−d)) / d (2) where k: current time, L: hopper level (m), d:
Unit time (minutes)

As shown in FIG. 4, in step S1, the comparing means of the hopper bridge detecting means 16
DL1 (k) ≦ DL1 _RE is determined, and if this condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S2 where it is determined that the hopper bridge B has occurred. Similarly to the above embodiment, a bridge occurrence alarm signal is generated from the hopper bridge detection means 16 and input to the bridge release device to release the hopper bridge. The refuse incinerator is controlled by automatic combustion control so that the temperature in the furnace becomes constant.

(Embodiment 4) A hopper bridge detection method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a description will be given of a detection method by a hopper bridge detection device based on a hopper bridge detection means 16, a hopper level meter 12, and a dust feed speed meter 13 in the refuse incinerator of FIG. The height of the hopper level is measured by the hopper level meter 12 and input to the hopper bridge detecting means 16. Further, a dust feeding speed is input from the dust feeding speed meter 13.
The hopper bridge detecting means 16 calculates the average drop amount DL2 of the hopper level in the past fixed time by the calculating means.
(M / min) and the average value VSm of the dust supply speed for the past fixed time
Based on the (reciprocation / minute), the level drop LVS (m / reciprocation) per reciprocation of the dust supply device is calculated, and the level drop LVS per reciprocation of the dust rejection device of the refuse input several times in the past.
S (m / round trip) is compared with a fixed period, and the occurrence of the hopper bridge B is detected by the procedure shown in FIG. In addition, the average descent amount DL2 (m / min) of the hopper level in the past fixed time
Is calculated by the formula (3), the average value of the dust supply speed VSm (reciprocating / minute) in the past fixed time is calculated by the formula (4), and the level drop amount LVS per reciprocating dust supply device (m / reciprocating) Is (5)
Expression, Level drop amount LVS per reciprocation of the dust collector
S (m / reciprocation) is shown in equation (6). The programs of these formulas are stored in a storage device, read out from the storage device as needed, and executed based on the calculating means of the hopper bridge detecting means 16.

Next, the hopper bridge detection method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The height of the hopper level from the hopper level meter 12 is periodically measured, the measured value is taken in, and the arithmetic processing by the equations (3) to (6) is executed. In the flowchart of FIG. 5, the same applies to the above flowchart, but this processing step is omitted. Subsequent to these steps, in step S1, the comparison means determines the level drop amount LVS (k) (m / reciprocation) per reciprocation of the dust supply device and the reciprocation of the dust rejection device of the past several times. Level drop LVSS
(M / round trip). In step S1, LV
If the condition of S (k) ≦ LVSS is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S2, and it is determined that a hopper bridge has occurred. A bridge occurrence alarm signal is transmitted as in the above embodiment.

That is, since the dust put into the hopper is not uniform, the amount of dust sent into the furnace by one reciprocation of the dust feeder may be different. The descent fluctuates. For this reason, in order to perform more accurate detection, the average level drop amount LVSS of the refuse thrown in the past several times is compared with the current level drop amount LVS. For the arithmetic expression,
It is shown below.

[0037]

(Equation 1)

(Fifth Embodiment) A hopper bridge detection method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Embodiment 5
FIG. 1 shows a detection method by a hopper bridge detection device using the hopper bridge detection means 16, the hopper level gauge 12, and the operating pressure gauge 14 of the dust supply device 4a in FIG. First, based on equation (2), the current hopper level L (k)
DL1 (k) between the hopper level L (k−d) and d minutes ago
Ask for. Subsequently, it is determined whether DL1 (k) is equal to or less than the reference value DL1 _RE , and then the operating pressure VSP (k) of the dust supply device is determined.
Is less than or equal to the reference value VSP _RE , and when these two conditions are simultaneously satisfied, it is determined that a bridge has occurred.

Next, description will be made with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The hopper bridge detection method according to the present embodiment includes, in addition to the hopper bridge detection method according to the third embodiment, periodically measuring the operating pressure when the dust supply device is driven, and comparing the measured value with a reference value. Detects trash bridges in the hopper. In step S1, the current hopper level L
The difference DL1 (k) between (k) and the hopper level L (k−d) measured d minutes ago is compared with the reference value DL1 _RE , and DL1
If the condition of (k) ≦ DL1 _RE is satisfied, step S2
Proceed to. In step S2, the operating pressure VSP of the dust supply device
(K) is compared with the reference value VSP _RE, and VSP (k) ≦
If the condition of VSP _RE is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S3, and it is determined that a hopper bridge has occurred.

In this hopper bridge detection method, the operating pressure when the operating dust supply device 4a is driven is measured by the operating pressure gauge 14. If the hopper chute 3 is filled with dust, the pressure can be measured even if the pressure is equal to or higher than the set reference value. However, when the hopper bridge B is generated in the hopper chute 3 and the dust below the hopper is thrown into the combustion furnace 1a, and the dust thrown from the hopper does not fall in the chute 3, the dust feeder 4a Then, no dust is supplied into the combustion furnace 1a. Therefore, the working pressure, which is a value measured by the working pressure gauge 14, becomes low. Utilizing the measurement result by the working pressure gauge 14, the detection accuracy of the hopper bridge can be improved as compared with the detection by the second embodiment.

Embodiment 6 Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment includes a refuse combustion furnace, a hopper bridge detection method and a hopper bridge detection device, and the hopper bridge detection device includes a hopper bridge detection unit 16 provided in the refuse combustion furnace 1, a hopper level meter 12, a dust feed speed meter 13, It is constituted by the working pressure gauge 14 of the dust supply device 4a. In the hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to the present embodiment, in addition to the bridge detection method according to the fifth embodiment, the operating pressure when the dust supply device is driven is periodically measured, and the measured value is compared with a reference value. Detects refuse bridges in the hopper. When the operating pressure when the dust supply device 4a is driven is measured, if the hopper chute 3 is filled with dust, the pressure can be measured to a value equal to or higher than a set reference value. However, when a bridge is generated in the hopper chute 3 and the dust does not fall in the chute and the dust supply device 4a does not supply the dust into the furnace, the operating pressure decreases. Utilizing this causal relationship, the detection accuracy of the hopper bridge can be increased by comparing the method of Embodiment 4 with the operating pressure of the dust supply device and the reference value.

Next, a detection method by the hopper bridge detection device will be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG. First, the hopper level height is measured by the hopper level meter 12, and based on the measured value, the average drop amount DL2 of the hopper level for the past fixed time shown in Expression (3).
Based on (m / min) and the average value VSm (reciprocation / min) of the dust supply speed for a certain period of time in the past shown in equation (4), the level drop amount per reciprocation of the dust supply apparatus shown in equation (5) LVS (m /
Round trip). In step S1, based on the equation (6), the level drop amount LVS per one reciprocation of the dust feeder is performed.
(M / reciprocation) and the level drop amount LVSS (m / reciprocation) per reciprocation of the dust-supplying device of the refuse introduced several times in the past are compared. If this condition, LVS (k) ≦ LVSS, is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S2. In step S2, it is determined whether the operating pressure VSP of Kyuchiri device 4a (k) is less than the reference value VSP _RE, to satisfy the VSP (k) ≦ VSP _RE, the process proceeds to step S3, the bridge has occurred And outputs a bridge occurrence alarm signal as in the above embodiment. Thus, it is determined that a hopper bridge has occurred when the two conditions of steps S1 and S2 are simultaneously satisfied. The bridge detection flow shown in FIG. 7 is executed at a constant cycle.

(Embodiment 7) Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment includes a refuse combustion furnace, a hopper bridge detection method and a hopper bridge detection device, and the hopper bridge detection device includes a hopper bridge detection unit 16 provided in the refuse combustion furnace 1, a hopper level meter 12, a dust feed speed meter 13, It is constituted by the working pressure gauge 14 of the dust supply device 4a. In the present embodiment, a detection method for detecting a hopper bridge using fuzzy inference based on the outputs of the hopper level gauge 12 and the operating pressure gauge 14 of the dust feeder is used.

First, the method for detecting a hopper bridge in a refuse incinerator according to the present embodiment is based on the comparison result of the hopper level drop amount DL1 (m / min) per unit time with the reference value and the dust supply shown in the fifth embodiment. Fuzzy inference is used for bridge determination based on a comparison result between the operating pressure at the time of driving the device 4a and the reference value. The occurrence of a hopper bridge can be accurately determined by fuzzy inference. Hereinafter, detection of a hopper bridge by fuzzy inference will be described. First, Table 1
The hopper bridge detection rule will now be described.

[0045]

[Table 1] Table 1 Hopper bridge detection rule ────────────────────────────── (1) DL1 (k) is small and VSP (k) is small → bridge is possible (2) DL1 (k) is very small → bridge is possible (3) DL1 (k) is large → bridge is not possible (4) VSP (k) ) Is large → No possibility of bridge ──────────────────────────────

Table 1 shows the difference DL1 (k) between the current hopper level L (k) shown in equation (2) and the hopper level L (k-d) d minutes ago, and the operating pressure of the dust supply device 4a. VSP (k)
This is a bridge detection rule based on. Table 2 summarizes (1) to (4) in Table 1.

[0047]

[Table 2]

In Table 2, the antecedent part (input) is
The difference DL1 (k) between the current hopper level L (k) and the hopper level L (k−d) d minutes before and the operating pressure VSP (k) of the dust supply device shown in the equation (2), The subject part (output) is whether or not there is a possibility of a bridge. The calculation of each rule is performed based on the membership function shown in FIG. The calculation of the level difference DL1 (k) is shown in FIG.
The calculation of the operating pressure VSP (k) is performed based on the functions shown in FIG. Next, rules (1)-
The possibility of a bridge is calculated based on the sum of the calculation results of (4). However, if the condition is not satisfied, the output is calculated as zero.

The hopper bridge detecting means 16 in FIG. 1 integrates the consequent part inference results obtained by performing the above-described operations and outputs the inference results of the entire rule. For integrating the consequent part inference results of each rule, a general method of fuzzy operation, for example, a min-max centroid method, a product-sum centroid method, or the like is used. Then, the possibility of a bridge is determined from the inference result obtained by the hopper bridge detection means 16, and a signal is sent to the alarm device 15 when the possibility of the bridge is high.

Next, as a specific application form of fuzzy inference, a singleton method with a small amount of calculation will be described with reference to FIG. First, the fitness is calculated by the antecedent membership function. FIG. 8A shows the level difference DL1.
(K) is the antecedent membership function of, when the level difference is DL1 (k), goodness-of-fit to the condition that "the DL1 (k) is very small" is a _1. "DL1
(K) fit to the condition that is small "is a _2. Goodness-of-fit to the condition that "the DL1 (k) is large" is a _3.

FIG. 8B shows the operating pressure VSP (k).
Is a membership function of the antecedent part, and the operating pressure is VSP
(K) is the time a, fit for the condition of "VSP (k) is low" is b _1. "VSP (k) is large"
Fit to the condition that is b _2.

From these antecedent membership functions, the degree of conformity X ₁ with respect to rule (1) in FIG. 8A is calculated by equation (7). Rule (1) states that “DL (k) is small,
And VSP (k) is small ", the conformity is X ₁
= A ₂ × b ₁ . Similarly, the conformity X ₂ (=
a ₁ ) is the equation (8), the conformity X ₃ (= a ₃ ) of the rule ( ₃ ) is the equation (9), and the conformity X ₄ (= b ₂ ) of the rule (4) is (10).
It becomes an expression.

X ₁ = a ₂ × b ₁適合 (7) X ₂ = a ₁ ８ (8) X ₃ = a ₃ ... (9) rule (4) of fitness X ₄ = b ₂ ... (10)

Next, in order to make an inference in the consequent part,
There is a possibility of a bridge, y1 (= 1), and there is no possibility of a bridge, y2 (= 0). Then, inference is performed by equation (11) to obtain an inference result z.

[0055]

(Equation 2)

From the inference result based on the equation (11), z represents the possibility of a bridge, and a range of 0 to 1 is calculated. At this time, for example, when z is 0.8 or more, it is determined that a bridge has occurred.

Embodiment 8 Next, Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
A method for detecting hopper bridges in the hopper according to the above will be described. Here, the hopper bridge detecting means 16 of FIG.
In the following, a description will be given of a detection method using fuzzy inference based on the hopper level meter 12, the dust feeding speed meter 13, and the working pressure gauge 14 of the dust feeding device.

The hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to the present embodiment uses the level drop LVS (m / reciprocation) per reciprocation of the dust supply apparatus described in the seventh embodiment and the dust supply of refuse input several times in the past. Level drop amount L per round trip of the device
Fuzzy inference is used for the bridge judgment based on the comparison result of VSS (m / reciprocation) and the comparison result of the operating pressure and the reference value when the dust supply device is driven. As described above, since the fuzzy inference is suitable for judging the situation from the plurality of comparison results, the occurrence of the hopper bridge can be accurately judged.

Table 3 shows the level drop amount LVS (m / reciprocation) per reciprocation of the dust supply device shown in the equations (4) to (6), and the level of the rejection of the refuse input several times in the past. Lowering amount LVSS (m / reciprocation) and operating pressure VS of dust supply device
This is a bridge detection rule based on P (k). Table 4
Is a summary of Tables (1) to (4).

[0060]

[Table 3] Table 3 Hopper bridge detection rule ──────────────────────────────── (1) (LVS (k) -LVSS) and VSP (k) are small → Possibility of bridge (2) Very low (LVS (k) -LVSS) → Possibility of bridge (3) (LVS (k) -LVSS) Is not small → No possibility of bridge (4) VSP (k) is large → No possibility of bridge ────────────────────────── ───────

[0061]

[Table 4]

In Table 4, the antecedent part (input) is
The level drop amount LVS (m / reciprocation) per reciprocation of the dust supply device shown in the equations (5) and (6) and the level drop amount LVSS (m / reciprocation) per reciprocation of the dust supply device of the refuse input several times in the past.
Difference (LVS (k) -LVSS) and the operating pressure VSP (k) of the dust supply device shown in equation (4). The consequent part (output) may be a bridge, is there. The calculation of each rule is performed based on the membership function shown in FIG. The calculation of (LVS (k) -LVSS) is shown in FIG. 9A, and the calculation of the operating pressure VSP (k) is shown in FIG.
This is performed based on the functions shown in (b). next,
The possibility of a bridge is calculated based on the sum of the respective calculation results of the rules (1) to (4). However, if the condition is not satisfied, the output is calculated as zero.

The hopper bridge detecting means 16 in FIG. 1 integrates the inference result of the consequent part of each rule obtained by performing the above operation, and outputs the inference result of the entire rule. For integrating the consequent part inference results of each rule, a general method of fuzzy operation, for example, a min-max centroid method, a product-sum centroid method, or the like is used. Then, the possibility of a bridge is determined from the inference result obtained by the hopper bridge detection means 16, and a signal is sent to the alarm device 15 when the possibility of the bridge is high.

Next, as a specific application form of fuzzy inference, the singleton method with a small amount of calculation will be described with reference to FIG. First, the fitness is calculated by the antecedent membership function. FIG. 9A shows (LVS (k) −
LVSS) is a membership function of the antecedent part, "(L
VS (k) -LVSS)) goodness of fit for the condition that the very small "is a _1. "(LVS (k) -LVS
S) fit to the condition that is small "is a _2.
Fit to condition "(LVS (k) -LVSS) is not less" is a _3.

FIG. 9B shows the operating pressure VSP (k).
Is a membership function of the antecedent part, and the operating pressure is VSP
(K) is the time a, fit for the condition of "VSP (k) is low" is b _1. "VSP (k) is large"
Fit to the condition that is b _2.

From these antecedent part membership functions
9 (a) Compliance X with rule (1)₁To the equation (12)
Is calculated by Rule (1) is “(LVS (k) −L
VSS) and VSP (k) are small. "
From the fitness X₁ (= A_Two× b ₁) Is equation (12).
Similarly, the conformity X of rule (2)_Two(= A₁) Is the expression (13),
The conformity X of rule (3)_Three(= A_Three) Is the expression (14), the rule
(4) Fitness X_Four(= B_Two) Becomes equation (15).

The conformity of the rule (1) X ₁ = a ₂ × b ₁ (12) The conformity of the rule (2) X ₂ = a ₁ (13) The conformity of the rule (3) X ₃ = a ₃ …… (14) Compliance with rule (4) X ₄ = b ₂ …… (15)

Next, in order to make an inference in the consequent part,
A bridge possibility y1 (= 1) and a bridge lack possibility y2 (= 0) are determined. Then, inference is performed by equation (16) to obtain an inference result z.

[0069]

(Equation 3)

From the inference result based on the expression (16), Z represents the possibility of a bridge, and a range of 0 to 1 is calculated.
At this time, for example, when Z is 0.8 or more, it is determined that a bridge has occurred.

Next, in the above-described embodiment, a result of examining a variation in steam amount when the hopper level and the dust supply speed are measured by the bridge detecting means 16 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. FIG.
Shows the results of the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional example,
FIG. 10A is a diagram showing a measurement result of a change in steam amount for 6 hours in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10B is a view showing a measurement result of a change in steam amount for 6 hours in the conventional example. FIG. As shown in FIG. 10B, in the conventional example,
A hopper bridge occurred at 3.5 hours, and then 4
Since the refuse is not supplied into the furnace at the time point, the amount of steam drops from 20 t / h to about 17 t / h.
However, in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 10A, even if a bridge occurs at the same time, the steam amount does not drop as in the conventional example.

In the above embodiment, one reciprocation of the operation of the dust supply device is set as a unit. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an arbitrary time may be set.

(Embodiment 9) A method for detecting hopper bridges in the hopper will be described with reference to the refuse incinerator of FIG. The present embodiment is a detection device using a hopper level meter 12 and a hopper bridge detecting means 16, and outputs an output of the hopper level meter 12 to a hopper bridge detecting means 16 to perform arithmetic processing to detect a hopper bridge B. .
In the detection method, the change of the past hopper level represented by the equation (17) is represented by a linear approximation by the least squares method, the current estimated hopper level Le (k) is calculated from this equation, and the current measurement result L Compare with (k).

Le (k) = ak− _d, k− _dn × k + bk− _d, k− _dn (17) Here, the linear approximation formula of the hopper level change is represented by d at the current time.
Using the hopper level L (k) in the section d minutes before d + n minutes, the parameter a shown in equations (18) and (19)
_{kd, kdn} , b _{kd, kdn} .

A _{kd, kdn} = ( _nΣ (L (i) × i) −ΣL (i) × Σi) / (nΣi ^2- (Σi) ² ) (18) b _{kd, kdn} = (ΣL (i) × Σi ² -Σ (L (i) × i) × Σi) / (nΣi ^2- (Σi) ² )… (19)

However, the range i of the sum (Σ) is a section from kd to kdn. Then, the difference DL between L (k) and Le (k) shown in equation (20) is calculated by the comparing means.
4 (k) is equal to or more than the reference value DL4RE,
When this condition is satisfied, it is determined that the hopper bridge B has occurred.

DL4 (k) = L (k) −Le (k) (20)

This control method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
By the comparing means of the hopper bridge detecting means 16, DL
It is determined that 4 (k) ≧ DL4RE, the process proceeds to step 2 that satisfies this condition, and it is determined that the hopper bridge B has occurred. Similarly to the above embodiment, a bridge occurrence alarm signal is generated from the hopper bridge detection means 16 and input to the bridge release device to release the hopper bridge. The automatic combustion control of the refuse incinerator is controlled so that the temperature in the furnace becomes constant.

(Embodiment 10) A hopper bridge detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, in FIG. 1, a detection method is performed by the hopper bridge detection device using the hopper bridge detection means 16, the hopper level gauge 12, and the operating pressure gauge 14 of the dust supply device 4a.

First, a difference DL4 (k) between the current hopper level measurement value L (k) and the current hopper level estimated position Le (k) described by the equation (17) is obtained based on the equation (20). . Subsequently, it is determined whether DL4 (k) is equal to or more than the reference value DL4RE, and then the operating pressure VSP (k) of the dust supply device is determined.
Is less than or equal to the reference value VSPVRE.
When the two conditions are satisfied at the same time, it is determined that a bridge has occurred.

Next, this control method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The hopper bridge detection method according to the present embodiment is configured such that, in addition to the hopper bridge detection method according to the ninth embodiment, the operating pressure when the dust supply device is driven is periodically measured, and the measured value is compared with a reference value. Detects trash bridges in the hopper. In step S1,
The difference DL4 between the current measured hopper level L (k) and the current estimated hopper level Le (k) described by equation (17)
(K) is compared with the reference value DL4RE. If the condition of DL4 ≧ DL4RE is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S2. Step S
2, the operating pressure VSP (k) of the dust supply device and the reference value VS
Compare with PRE. VSP (k) ≦ V in step S2
If the condition of SPRE is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S3,
It is determined that a hopper bridge has occurred.

In this hopper bridge detection method, the operating pressure when the operating dust supply device 4a is driven is measured by the operating pressure 14. If the hopper chute 3 is filled with dust, the pressure can be measured even if the pressure is equal to or higher than the set reference value. However, when the hopper bridge B is generated in the hopper chute 3 and the dust below the hopper is thrown into the incinerator 1a, and the dust thrown from the hopper does not fall in the chute 3, the dust feeder 4a Then, no refuse is supplied into the incinerator 1a. Therefore, the working pressure, which is a value measured by the working pressure gauge 14, becomes low. Utilizing the measurement result by the operating pressure gauge 14, the detection accuracy of the hopper bridge can be improved as compared with the detection by the embodiment a.

(Embodiment 11) A method for detecting a hopper bridge of dust in a hopper according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIG. Here, a hopper bridge detecting method using fuzzy inference in the hopper bridge detecting means 16 of FIG. 1 based on the hopper level meter 12 and the operating pressure gauge 14 of the dust supply device will be described.

First, the method for detecting a hopper bridge of a refuse incinerator according to the present embodiment uses the current hopper level measurement value L (k) shown in the tenth embodiment and the current hopper level estimated position described by the equation (17). Difference DL4 of Le (k)
Fuzzy inference is used for bridge judgment from the comparison result of (k) with the reference value DL4RE and the comparison result of the dust supply device operating pressure VSP (k) and the reference value VSPRE. The occurrence of a hopper bridge can be accurately determined by fuzzy inference. Hereinafter, detection of a hopper bridge by fuzzy inference will be described. First, the hopper bridge detection rule will be described with reference to Table 5.

[0085]

[Table 5] Table 5 Hopper bridge detection rule ─────────────────────────────── (1) DL4 (k) is large And VSP (k) is small → bridge is possible (2) DL4 (k) is very large → bridge is possible (3) DL4 (k) is small → bridge is not possible (4) VSP ( k) is large → bridge is not possible ブ リ ッ ジ

Table 5 shows the current hopper level measurement value L (k) and the current hopper level estimated position L shown in equation (20).
This is a bridge detection rule based on the difference DL4 (k) of e (k) and the operating pressure VSP (k) of the dust supply device 4a. Table 6 summarizes (1) to (4) in Table 5.

[0087]

[Table 6]

In Table 6, the antecedent part (input) is
The current hopper level measurement value L (k) shown in equation (20)
DL4 between the current hopper level estimated position Le (k) and the current hopper level estimated position Le (k)
(K) and the operating pressure VSP (k) of the dust supply device 4a, and the consequent part (output) is whether or not there is a possibility of a bridge. The calculation of each rule is performed based on the membership function shown in FIG. Level difference DL4 (k)
Is calculated based on the functions shown in FIG. 13 (a), and the operation pressure VSP (k) is calculated based on the functions shown in FIG. 13 (b). Next, the possibility of a bridge is calculated based on the sum of the calculation results of the rules (1) to (4). However, if the condition is not satisfied, the output is calculated as zero.

The bridge detecting means 16 in FIG. 1 integrates the inference result of the consequent part of each rule obtained by performing the above operation, and outputs the inference result of the entire rule. To integrate the consequent inference results of each rule, a general method of fuzzy operation,
For example, a min-max centroid method, a product-sum centroid method, or the like is used. Then, the possibility of a bridge is determined from the inference result obtained by the bridge detecting means 16, and a signal is sent to the alarm device 15 when the possibility of the bridge is high.

Next, as a specific application form of fuzzy inference, the singleton method with a small amount of calculation will be described with reference to FIG. First, the fitness is calculated by the antecedent membership function. FIG. 13A shows the level difference DL.
4 (k) is a membership function of the antecedent part, and when the level difference is DL4 (k), “DL4 (k) is small”
Fit to the condition that is a _1. "DL4
(K) fit to the condition that a large "is a _2. The degree of conformity to the condition “DL4 (k) is very large” is a ₃ .

FIG. 13B shows the operating pressure VSP.
This is a membership function of the antecedent part of (k). When the operating pressure is VSP (k), the degree of conformity to the condition “VSP (k) is low” is b ₁ . The degree of conformity to the condition “VSP (k) is large” is b ₂ .

From these antecedent membership functions, the degree of conformity X ₁ with respect to rule (1) in FIG. 13A is calculated by equation (21). Since the rule (1) is “DL4 (k) is large and VSP (k) is small”, the fitness X ₁
(= A ₂ × b ₁ ). Similarly, the conformity X of rule (2)
₂ (= a ₃ ) is the conformity X ₃ (= a
₁ ) is the equation (23), and the conformity X ₄ (= b ₂ ) of the rule (4) is the equation (23).
(24).

The conformity of the rule (1) X ₁ = a ₂ × b ₁ (21) The conformity of the rule (2) X ₂ = a ₃ (22) The conformity of the rule (3) X ₃ = a ₁ … (23) Compliance with rule (4) X ₄ = b ₂ … (24)

Next, in order to make inferences in the consequent part,
Possibility of bridge y1 (= 1), no y2 (= 0)
Is determined. Then, inference is performed by equation (25) to obtain an inference result z.

[0095]

(Equation 4)

From the inference result based on the equation (25), z represents the possibility of a bridge, and a range of 0 to 1 is calculated.
At this time, for example, when z is 0.8 or more, it is determined that a bridge has occurred.

[0097]

As described above, according to the refuse incinerator of the present invention, the hopper bridge can be detected at an early stage, so that the recovery operation can be executed immediately, and the refuse incinerator can be automatically operated. This has the effect of enabling stable combustion by combustion control.

Further, according to the hopper bridge detection method and apparatus of the present invention, the hopper bridge can be detected at an early stage, and the recovery operation can be immediately executed by detecting the hopper bridge. In a refuse incinerator equipped with a power boiler that maintains stable combustion inside
Since the amount of steam is stabilized, there is an advantage that power generation efficiency is improved.

Further, according to the present invention, the detection of the hopper bridge is performed by inference represented by fuzzy control, and the subsequent recovery work is performed quickly, so that stable combustion in the combustion furnace is maintained. A refuse incinerator equipped with a power generation boiler has an advantage of improving power generation efficiency because its steam amount is stabilized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a refuse incinerator and a hopper bridge detection method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a situation of a hopper bridge.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a hopper bridge detection method of a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a hopper bridge detection method of a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an antecedent membership function used in a hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an antecedent membership function used in a hopper bridge detection method of a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a variation of a steam amount according to the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional hopper bridge detection method.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a hopper bridge detection method of a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an antecedent membership function used in a hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a refuse incinerator provided with a conventional hopper bridge detection means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage incinerator 1a Combustion furnace 2 Hopper 3 Chute 4a Dust supply device 5 Primary combustion air fan 6 Drop port 7 Secondary combustion air fan 8 Secondary combustion air blowing port 9 Furnace outlet 10a Heat exchanger 10b Boiler 11 Power generation turbine 12 Hopper Level meter 13 Dust feeding speed meter 14 Dust feeding device operating pressure gauge 15 Alarm device 16 Hopper bridge detecting means

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A hopper bridge detection of a refuse incinerator characterized by periodically measuring a height of a hopper level in a hopper of a refuse incinerator and detecting a refuse bridge in the hopper based on the measured value. Method. 2. The height of a hopper level in a hopper of a refuse incinerator, a dust supply speed by a dust supply device, and an operating pressure of the dust supply device are periodically measured, and the refuse in the hopper is determined based on each measurement value. A method for detecting a hopper bridge in a refuse incinerator, comprising detecting a bridge. 3. The height of the hopper level in the hopper of the refuse incinerator is periodically measured, and the amount of drop of the hopper level is calculated based on the measured value. And periodically detecting the bridge of the refuse in the hopper to detect the hopper bridge of the refuse incinerator. 4. The hopper level height is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed in a hopper of a refuse incinerator, and a current hopper level estimated value is calculated from a measured value of the hopper level for a predetermined time in the past. A method for detecting a hopper bridge in a refuse incinerator, comprising comparing a value with a currently measured hopper level height to detect a refuse bridge in the hopper. 5. The height of a hopper level is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed in a hopper of a refuse incinerator,
Based on this measurement value, the average descent amount of the hopper level for a certain period of time in the past is calculated, and the dust supply speed of the dust supply device that supplies the refuse input from the hopper into the combustion furnace is periodically measured, so that Based on the average value of the dust supply speed over time, the amount of hopper level drop per unit operation of the dust supply device is calculated, A hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator, comprising: comparing a hopper level with an average hopper level descent amount based on the hopper level meter to detect a refuse bridge in the hopper. 6. The height of the hopper level is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed in a hopper of a refuse incinerator, and a hopper level drop amount is calculated based on the measured value. Value, and periodically measure the operating pressure when the dust supply device is driven, compare the measured value with the reference value, and detect the dust bridge in the hopper from these two comparison results. Characteristic hopper bridge detection method of refuse incinerator. 7. The hopper level height is periodically measured by a hopper level meter installed in a hopper of a refuse incinerator, a current hopper level estimated value is calculated from a measured value of the hopper level in a past fixed time, and the estimated value is calculated. The value is compared with the currently measured hopper level height, and the operating pressure at the time of driving the dust supply device is periodically measured, and the measured value is compared with the reference value,
A hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator, wherein a refuse bridge in the hopper is detected from a result of comparison between the two. 8. The height of a hopper level installed in a hopper of a refuse incinerator is periodically measured, and based on the measured value, an average amount of hopper level drop for a predetermined time in the past is calculated. The dust feeding speed is periodically measured, and the level drop amount per unit operation of the dust feeding device is calculated based on the average value of the dust feeding speed for a certain period in the past calculated from the measured value. Based on the measured value and the level drop amount per unit operation of the dust feeder for the input dust, compare the average drop amount of the hopper level in the past fixed time, the operating pressure and the reference value when driving the dust feeder And detecting a bridge of the refuse in the hopper from the result of the comparison between the two. 9. The hopper bridge detection method for a refuse incinerator according to claim 7, wherein a refuse bridge is detected by fuzzy inference of the two comparison results. Method. 10. A dust feeding speed detecting means for detecting a dust feeding speed of a dust feeding device for supplying dust introduced from a hopper into a combustion furnace, and an operating pressure detecting means for detecting an operating pressure of the dust feeding device. A hopper level detecting means for detecting a height of dust in the hopper, and a control means for detecting a bridge in the hopper based on outputs from the operating pressure detecting means and the hopper level detecting means. A hopper level detecting device used in a refuse combustion furnace. 11. In a refuse incinerator, a hopper level detecting means provided at an upper portion of a refuse input hopper for detecting a height of refuse in the hopper, and a supply for supplying refuse supplied from the refuse input hopper into the combustion furnace. Processing the output from the dust supply speed detecting means of the dust device, the operating pressure detecting means for detecting the operating pressure of the dust feeding device, the dust feeding speed detecting means, the operating pressure detecting means, and the hopper level detecting means. And a control means for detecting a bridge in the hopper. 12. The incinerator according to claim 11, wherein the control unit includes a fuzzy inference unit.