JPH10206156A - Method and apparatus for surveying of propulsion method of construction as well as surveying instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a method and an apparatus in which a surveying operation is performed efficiently when many curve sections exist in a long-distance propulsion operation in a propulsion method of construction. SOLUTION: A total station 20 which can be moved together with a propulsion pipe is set on a horizontality adjusting base so as to be capable of performing a horizontality adjusting drive and a collimation changeover drive. A target 16 is set inside a conduit at the front or the rear on a sighting line by the total station 20. A computer and a control board as control means to perform the horizontality adjusting operation and the collimation direction operation of the total station 20 are arranged on the side of a vertical shaft. By the control means, the horizontality of the total station 20 is adjusted, a collimation-target direction is changed over, and an automatic surveying operation can be performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surveying method, a surveying device, and a surveying instrument of a propulsion method, and more particularly to a surveying method for long-distance and curved propulsion which can enter a propulsion pipe in a short time. The present invention relates to a surveying method and apparatus, and a surveying instrument used for these.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a propulsion method, a pipe of a fixed length is extruded from a starting shaft and excavated, and buried along a predetermined design route. In such a propulsion method, a surveying operation for confirming whether or not the excavation tunnel center is propelled in accordance with the design center is essential.

In general, surveying in the conventional propulsion method is performed using a surveying machine called a total station capable of measuring a distance and an angle. As shown in FIG. 5, the operator sets the surveying machine at the reference position TP0 of the shaft 1, and obtains the position of the first refilling point TP1 in the tunnel. Next, a surveying machine is set at the first refilling point TP1,
After collimating the reference position TP0 in the shaft 1, the vehicle turns and measures the angle and distance to determine the position of the second refilling point TP2. This operation is sequentially repeated (TP3...) To determine the position of the propulsion device 2 at the tip end. At this time, in order to eliminate the work of moving the surveying machine, the surveying machine is placed at each of the rearrangement points TP, and the work of setting the surveying machine every time the surveying is performed is performed.

[0004]

The surveying work of the propulsion method as described above is performed several times a day. Especially, since the pipe moves with the propulsion, the position of the measuring point changes, so the surveying machine must be set each time. Must. For this reason, every time the surveying work is performed, the worker enters the tunnel and repeats the collimation work while moving to the change point, which hinders the propulsion efficiency. In particular, tunnels where the propulsion method is implemented have a space with a diameter of about 800 mm that is difficult for workers to enter easily, so it is not easy to move underground for surveying work, and surveying work is a key to improving propulsion efficiency. It had become. Further, the actual situation is that the position coordinates of the measurement data are manually calculated using a pocket computer or the like.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned conventional problems, and enables an operator to automatically perform surveying work without entering a mine, thereby improving the efficiency of surveying work during the propulsion method. It is an object of the present invention to provide a surveying method and a surveying instrument which can be performed in a reliable manner, and a surveying instrument used for these.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the surveying method of the propulsion method according to the present invention is arranged such that a total station capable of horizontal adjustment is installed in a propulsion pipe so as to be movable with the propulsion pipe. A target is set at a re-placement point at the forward collimation position and the rear collimation position from the total station, and the horizontal adjustment driving operation and the collimation switching driving operation of the total station are performed from the shaft side to measure the propulsion pipeline. It is characterized by doing.
In addition, a total station and a target that is a collimation target are alternately installed at a refilling point where a pipeline from the starting shaft to the propulsion device is set, and the total station can perform a horizontal adjustment drive and a collimation direction switching drive. A control means for operating this is provided on the shaft side, and the control means performs horizontal adjustment and collimation operation of the total station to measure the pipeline.

In the surveying device of the propulsion method according to the present invention, a total station movable along with the propulsion pipe is installed on a leveling table so that the leveling drive and the collimating direction can be performed, and the total station is positioned on a line of sight by the total station. A target is installed in a front or rear pipe, and a control means for performing a horizontal adjustment operation and a collimating direction operation of the total station is provided on a shaft side, and the collimation target is controlled by performing the horizontal adjustment of the total station by the control means. It is characterized in that automatic surveying is possible without a direction switching operation. Further, the surveying instrument used in the propulsion method according to the present invention is provided with a horizontal adjustment table below the total station for collimating the target, and the horizontal adjustment table can be horizontally adjusted by at least three support portions with respect to the fixed plate. And a total station and an inclination sensor are mounted on the movable plate, and at least two of the supporting portions can be adjusted up and down based on the inclination sensor.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific embodiments of the surveying method, apparatus and surveying instrument of the propulsion method according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a surveying method according to the embodiment. This survey is suitable for measuring a propulsion line when a long-distance curved pipeline is constructed by extruding a fume pipe 10 having a diameter of about 800 mm from the starting shaft 12 into the ground by a propulsion method.

[0010] While the tip propulsion machine 14 excavates and leads by the propulsion method, pipes are successively formed by being pushed out of the starting shaft 12, and this line survey is performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 1A, a base point is installed in the starting shaft 12, and reference targets 16N are installed at two points. In addition, the target 16A is located at three points, the center of the excavation tip and the rear end of the propulsion machine.
Is installed. Since the propulsion device 14 goes out of the line of sight from the starting shaft 12 by passing through the curved portion as the digging proceeds, a first refilling point 18A is set behind the propulsion device 14. Similarly, as the propulsion proceeds,
8A deviates from the line of sight from the shaft 12
Set the transition point 18B. By setting such a change point, a plurality of change points 18 (18A, 18) are provided on the route.
B, 18C,...) Are set.

With respect to the refilling point 18 set in this manner, an automatic tracking-type first total station 20A capable of collimating the tip propulsion unit 14 is provided at the first refilling point 18A. At the second rearrangement point 18B behind the second rearrangement target 1
Attach 6B. Then, a second total station 20C is installed at a third rearrangement point 18C behind the second rearrangement target 18B. Similarly, the fourth replacement point 18D
The third re-arrangement target 16D and the fifth re-arrangement point 18E
To the third total station 20C,
A total station 20 (20A, 20C, 20E,...) Is provided on the route from the propulsion device 14 to the starting shaft 12.
And the rearrangement targets 16 (16B, 16D,...) Are alternately provided.

These total stations 20 (20
A, 20C, 20E,...
(16B, 16D,...) Are installed at fixed positions of the fume tube 10. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 (2) and (3), a base 24 is provided at an appropriate position in the upper section of the pipe section so as to avoid various pipes 22 inserted into the fume pipe 10 and the total station The remounting target 16 is fixed to the fume tube 10 so as to be located at two positions on the left and right at substantially the same level.

The total station 20
Is propelled and moved together with the fume tube 10, so that the horizontal level may be deviated during the propulsion process. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, a horizontal adjustment table 26 is installed on the base 24, and the total station 20 is mounted on the horizontal adjustment table 26.
Is placed. That is, the horizontal adjustment stand 26 and the total station 20 constitute a surveying instrument.
FIG. 4 shows the details of the horizontal adjustment table 26 on which the total station 20 is mounted. This has a triangular fixed plate 30 built in the waterproof box 28 and a circular movable plate 32 disposed on the upper part thereof, and these triangular fixed plate 30 and the circular movable plate 32 are spaced apart by 120 degrees in the plane circumferential direction. At three places, they are connected by screws 34 as support parts disposed equidistant from the center. The screw 34
In the embodiment, is screwed to three places of the upper circular movable plate 32 so that the screw 34 can be rotated up and down partially. The screw 34 is provided with rotating teeth 36 so that driving teeth 38 meshing with at least two rotating teeth 36 can be rotationally driven by a motor 40. By the rotation drive of the motor 40, the screw 34 rotated thereby changes the height of the upper circular movable plate 32,
The horizontal adjustment of the upper circular movable plate 32 can be performed. The upper circular movable plate 32 is provided with a laminated plate 42, which is provided with an X direction sensor 44X and a Y direction sensor 44Y for detecting the horizontality of the upper circular movable plate 32. The detection signals of the sensors 44 (44X, 44Y) are sent to control means described later, and the control means outputs a signal for horizontally driving the upper circular movable plate 32 to each motor 4.
Output to 0.

The total station 20 has an automatic tracking type structure, and is capable of turning operation drive and elevation operation drive. A control means for operating these is provided on the starting shaft 12 side. I have. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the system. A computer 46 as control means for operating and controlling the total station 20 installed in the pit and the above-mentioned horizontal adjustment table 26 is installed on the ground on the side of the shaft 12. From the total station 20, a cable 48 for transferring measurement data such as a horizontal angle, a vertical angle, and an oblique distance and supplying power is derived, and an operation signal for measurement is output on the ground so that the measurement data can be captured. It has become. As shown in FIG. 3, a control panel 5 for receiving a signal from a sensor 44 and transmitting a horizontal drive control signal to a motor 40 is provided on the horizontal adjustment table 26.
0 is connected by a cable 52, and the control panel 50 outputs to the computer 46 a measurement start enable signal when the total station 20 on the leveling table 26 is in a horizontal state. The total station 20 has a CCD camera 54 mounted thereon. This is used for confirming the direction in which the total station 20 collimates the target 16, and the captured image is output directly on the monitor 56 provided on the ground side, and is used for reference of the survey.

The operation of the surveying device having the above configuration is as follows. In the process of extending the pipeline by the excavation movement by the propulsion device 14, the re-placement point 18 required for surveying
Are sequentially determined. At the first refilling point 16A following the propulsion device 14 at the tip, the total station 20A is connected to the shaft 12
Side, and sent as it is, and a second reordering point 18B following the target 16 is formed of a reflective prism.
Attach B and move it. As described above, the total station 20 and the target 16 are excavated and moved while being attached to the fume tube 10 alternately. When the surveying is performed, the following is performed. First, the mounting position of the target 16N installed in the starting shaft 12 is known, and the target 16N is collimated backward by the total station 20 which is installed in the pipeline and can collimate directly. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the shaft target 1 is controlled by the total station 20E.
6N will be collimated.

Since the horizontal movement of the total station 20 moving together with the fume tube 10 due to the excavation movement of the propulsion device 14 is out of order, the horizontal adjustment of the total station 20 is performed before the measurement. This is the inclination sensor 4 of the leveling table 26 on which the total station 20 is mounted.
The control panel 50 for inputting signals from the upper circular movable plate 3
The horizontal deviation of 2 is detected and calculated, and a driving signal for correcting the horizontal deviation is output to the motor 40 to perform horizontal adjustment of the upper circular movable plate 32. An end signal of the correction work is output to the computer 46, and the computer 46 outputs a measurement start signal. In response to this, the total station 20 performs backward collimation, and obtains angle and distance data of the target 16N. Next, the total station 20 is set to the forward collimation state, collimates the target 16D provided on the line of sight, and obtains the angle and distance data. Such an operation is performed for each of the total stations 20 alternately installed with the target 16, and finally the tip propulsion device 1
The measurement is completed by collimating the target 16A of No. 4. As shown in FIG. 1, the computer 46 calculates the position of the target 16A of the tip propulsion unit 14 from the position of the target 16A of the tip propulsion unit 14 from the shaft target 16N known from the distance and angle data of the quadrangle formed by the measurement line of each target 16. Attitude angle,
Is calculated, the actual propulsion route for the planned route is determined, and used for construction management.

According to such an embodiment, when surveying the propulsion pipeline at the time of constructing the propulsion method, it is not necessary for an operator to enter the pipeline to install the total station 20 as a surveying instrument. Become. This works effectively as the pipe length increases, and the time saving effect for setting the surveying instrument increases. Further, since the target 16 of the reflecting prism and the total station 20 are arranged alternately, it is not necessary to set a surveying instrument at all of the rearrangement points 18, and the number of surveying instruments to be used can be reduced by almost half.

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A total station that can be moved together with the propulsion pipe is installed on a horizontal adjustment table to enable horizontal adjustment drive and collimation switching drive, and a target is installed in a front or rear pipe line on a line of sight by the total station, A control means for performing a horizontal adjustment operation and a collimating direction operation of the total station is provided on the shaft, and the collimation target direction switching operation is performed without performing the collimation target direction operation while performing the horizontal adjustment of the total station. The target is collimated forward and backward by remotely controlling the total station in which the target is alternately installed from the shaft, and even when the total station loses the horizontal state due to the pipe propulsion, the remote control is performed. Horizontal adjustment can be performed by operation. Effect that can perform surveying operation of the propulsion tube routes often curved section when efficiently can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a surveying method and an installation configuration of surveying instruments according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the entire surveying system.

FIG. 3 is an apparatus configuration diagram of a measuring instrument.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a horizontal adjustment table.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional propulsion pipeline surveying method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fume pipe 12 Start shaft 14 Tip propulsion machine 16 Target 18 Replacement point 20 Total station 22 Piping 24 Base 26 Horizontal adjustment stand 28 Waterproof box 30 Triangular fixing plate 32 Circular movable plate 34 Screw 36 Rotating tooth 38 Driving tooth 40 Motor 42 Stacking Board 44 tilt sensor 46 computer 48 cable 50 control panel 52 cable 54 CCD camera 56 monitor

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A horizontally adjustable total station is installed in a propulsion pipe so as to be movable together with the propulsion pipe, and a target is set at a rearrangement point at a forward collimation position and a rear collimation position from the total station. A surveying method of a propulsion method, wherein a survey of a propulsion pipeline is performed by performing a horizontal adjustment driving operation and a collimation switching driving operation of the total station from a shaft. 2. A total station and a target which is a collimation target are alternately installed at a set-up change point of a pipeline from a starting shaft to a propulsion machine, and the total station performs horizontal adjustment driving and collimating direction switching driving. A surveying method for a propulsion method, wherein a control means for operating the apparatus while making it possible is provided on a shaft side, and the control means performs horizontal adjustment and collimation operation of the total station to measure a pipeline. 3. A total station movable along with the propulsion pipe is installed on a horizontal adjustment table to enable horizontal adjustment drive and collimation switching drive, and a target is provided in a forward or rearward line on the line of sight of the total station. Is installed, a control means for performing a horizontal adjustment operation and a collimating direction operation of the total station is provided on the shaft side, and it is possible to perform an automatic survey without a collimation target direction switching operation while performing the horizontal adjustment of the total station by the control means. A surveying device using the propulsion method. 4. A horizontal adjustment table is provided below a total station for collimating a target, and the horizontal adjustment table has a movable plate that can be horizontally adjusted by at least three support portions with respect to a fixed plate. A surveying instrument of a propulsion method, wherein the total station and the inclination sensor are mounted on a movable plate, and at least two support portions can be adjusted up and down based on the inclination sensor.