JPH1020420A - Movie film - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately reproduce audio data by preventing the deterioration of an error rate. SOLUTION: On a digital sound track 52 formed along a film traveling direction, the data patterns of the audio data crossing a film traveling direction and juxtaposed along the film traveling direction are recorded on the data tracks 52n , 52n+1 and 52n+2 ... per block unit. Besides, between respective adjacent data tracks, for example, between the data tracks 52n and 52n+1 , a guard band 52Gn is installed orthogonal to the film traveling direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motion picture film having a sound track on which a digital pattern is recorded.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a movie film has a video recording area arranged in a frame shape substantially at the center of the film, and film winding holes for winding the film are provided on both sides of the video recording area. Perforations are provided. Further, an analog sound track is provided linearly along a film winding direction (hereinafter, referred to as a film running direction) between the video recording area and one of the perforations.

[0003] With the development of digital technology in recent years, there has been a movement to digitally record an audio signal on a sound track of a movie film. Therefore, in a movie film, for example, a digital sound track is provided linearly along the film running direction between each perforation and each edge, and each digital sound track includes a right channel for which an audio signal is digitized. Audio data and audio data for the left channel are respectively recorded.

[0004] Audio data recorded on a digital sound track is recorded in units of blocks in a direction orthogonal to the film running direction, and synchronization data and tracking patterns are added to the audio data. The synchronization data is recorded at the head of the audio data block, and the tracking pattern is recorded at, for example, a recording start portion and a recording end portion of the audio data. Therefore, as a whole, the tracking pattern is recorded on both sides of the digital sound track in a strip shape along the film running direction.

A movie film reproducing apparatus for reproducing audio data or the like from a movie film as described above, for example, includes two digital sound tracks for right and left channels of a movie film. Synchronous data, audio data, tracking patterns, and the like recorded on each digital sound track are read by a CCD (charge coupled device) line sensor.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional cinema film, the audio data to which the synchronization data, the tracking pattern, and the like are added includes a plurality of continuous data rows (hereinafter referred to as tracks). ), Since it is recorded in a direction perpendicular to the film running direction, when scanning the digital sound track with the CCD line sensor, the inclination error of the CCD line sensor, that is, the CCD with respect to the horizontality of the recording direction of digital data.
A tilt error of the line sensor (hereinafter, referred to as an azimuth error) is affected by crosstalk from an adjacent track continuously recorded in a direction perpendicular to the film running direction, and the error rate is deteriorated. Was gone.

As described above, each track has
Tracking patterns are included. The tracking pattern is composed of a pair of left and right patterns whose contrast is opposite to each other, and is recorded at a recording start portion and a recording end portion of one track of audio data.

Using such a tracking pattern, tracking control is performed in the above-described movie film reproducing apparatus. That is, the playback device
The signal level difference between the tracking pattern reproduced at the recording start portion and the tracking pattern reproduced at the recording end portion is detected as a tracking error, and the read timing of the CCD line sensor is variably controlled according to the tracking error. As a result, the tracking error can be corrected, and the audio data can always be reproduced in the just track state.

However, when digital data recorded on the conventional movie film 200 as shown in FIG. 13 is reproduced, each of the tracking pulses P _201a and P _201b obtained from each of the tracking patterns 201a and _201b has a signal level. Are equal, each tracking pattern 20
The positions of 1a and 201b do not appear clearly. For this reason, the position adjustment of the sampling pulse for sample-holding each of the tracking pulses 201a and 201b cannot be performed accurately, and the digital data recorded on the movie film 200 is reproduced accurately and stably. Could not.

On the other hand, in order to prevent the influence of crosstalk from an adjacent track as described above, as shown in FIG. 14, each of the tracking patterns 301a, 301a,
At 301b, there is a conventional movie film 300 in which a guard band 301G is recorded in a direction perpendicular to the film running direction. When playing digital data recorded on such motion picture film 300, the signal level of the tracking pulses P ₃₀₁ obtained by reproducing the motion picture film 200 which is a guard band as shown in FIG. 15 not recorded
With respect to the signal level of the tracking pulses P ₂₀₁ obtained from, it has moved to the black side.

That is, in the movie film 200, since the guard bands 301G are also recorded on the tracking patterns 301a and 301b in a direction orthogonal to the film running direction, the tracking patterns 301a and 301b are recorded.
The signal level of the tracking pulses P ₂₀₁ obtained from 01b has fallen vary.

This means that, for example, it is not suitable for a motion picture film reproducing apparatus that adjusts the signal level of audio data using the signal level of a tracking pulse obtained from a tracking pattern.

Specifically, first, the recording level of a data pattern recorded on a cinema film differs depending on the development and printing densities of the film, the asymmetry of the recording of the data pattern, and the like. Therefore, when a movie film having a different recording level is reproduced, such as a movie film having a high degree of burn-in or a movie film having asymmetry in data pattern recording, a decrease in the level of the playback waveform or an asymmetry in the playback waveform is caused. This may increase the error rate of reproduced audio data.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned reproducing apparatus, when a movie film having a different recording level is reproduced, the signal level of the reproduced signal fluctuates. The reproduction level of the audio data is adjusted so that the difference between the average of the levels and the reproduction level of the audio data is constant. This allows
The reproduction level of the audio data can be compensated according to the actual recording level.

However, the cinema film 300 as described above
When the audio data recorded in the audio data is reproduced by the reproduction apparatus, the reproduction level of the audio data is adjusted using the tracking pulse _P301 whose signal level has moved to the black side. Therefore, it is not preferable to record a guard band on a tracking pattern in a direction perpendicular to the film running direction.

As described above, the reproducing apparatus which compensates the reproduction level of the audio data in accordance with the actual recording level cannot correctly detect the recording level of the movie film. For this reason, the signal level of the reproduction signal of the audio data cannot be accurately adjusted, and the accuracy of the apparatus has been hindered.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and has the following objects.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a motion picture film capable of accurately reproducing audio data by preventing deterioration of an error rate.

Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to clarify the positional relationship between the tracking patterns.
An object of the present invention is to provide a cinema film capable of reproducing audio data accurately and stably.

[0020]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a motion picture film according to the present invention is a motion picture film in which a digital sound track on which audio data is recorded is formed along the film running direction. The digital sound track includes a data track in which a data pattern of audio data is recorded in units of blocks orthogonal to the film running direction and arranged in parallel with the film running direction, and a film running direction between the adjacent data tracks. And a guard band provided at right angles.

Further, in the motion picture film according to the present invention, the digital sound track is recorded on one side of each data track along a film running direction and indicates a position of each data track in track units; Having a guard band provided along the film running direction in between, each of the tracking patterns is repeatedly formed along the film running direction in a state where the density is inverted at the center of the data track,
It is characterized in that shading is opposite in a direction perpendicular to the film running direction.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

The cinema film according to the present invention is, for example, a cinema film 1 having a recording mode as shown in FIG. 1, and a video recording area 2 in which an image to be projected is recorded and a cinema film 1 for winding the cinema film 1. Film winding holes (hereinafter, referred to as perforations) 3L, 3R provided on both sides of the video recording area 2, and two gaps existing between the video recording area 2 and the perforations 3L, 3R. Analog sound track 4 linearly provided in any one of the gaps along the film running direction.
L, 4R, and a digital sound track 5 linearly provided along the film running direction between the perforations 3L, 3R and both edges of the movie film 1.
L, 5R.

First, an analog audio signal for the left channel is recorded on the analog sound track 4L, and an analog audio signal for the right channel is recorded on the analog sound track 4R.

The digital sound track 5L records digitized left-channel audio data, and the digital sound track 5R records digitized right-channel audio data. ing.

More specifically, for example, a film block as shown in FIG. 2 is formed on the digital sound track 5L and recorded in block units.

Since the digital sound track 5R is also recorded with the film blocks formed in the same manner as the film blocks shown in FIG. 2, the film blocks recorded on the digital sound track 5L will be described below. I will explain only.

In FIG. 2, the film block includes a head data 50 and a light-shielding region 51L formed in a black band along the film running direction on the film edge side of the digital sound track 5L shown in FIG.
And audio data 52 recorded so as to be arranged side by side along the film running direction at right angles to the film running direction.
And tracking patterns 53a and 53 recorded adjacent to the light-shielding region 51L in a strip shape along the film running direction.
b is recorded.

The leading data 50 includes 8 dots in the film running direction and 58 dots in the direction orthogonal to the film running direction.
Synchronous data and block identification numbers are recorded by dots.

As the audio data 52, audio data to which C1 parity and C2 parity are added at 192 dots in the film running direction and 58 dots in the direction perpendicular to the film running direction is recorded. (Hereafter, 58
A data string of dots is called a track. The tracking patterns 53a and 53b are recorded on, for example, only one side of the digital sound track 5L.
The tracking patterns 53a and 53b are black and white repetitive patterns for each dot along the film running direction, and the tracking pattern 53a and the tracking pattern 53b are arranged in one direction along the film running direction.
It is recorded so as to be shifted by a dot.

In the above-described film block, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, one dot is recorded in a size of 22.5 μm in length × 24.0 μm in width.

The above-mentioned film block is
As shown in FIG. 1, the digital sound track 5L, a 5R, excluding the right edge width and digital sound track 5R width D _A of the combined light shielding region 51R width of the light shielding region 51R width from the digital sound track 5R width width D _B, width D _D excluding from the movie film 1 width width D _C excluding the light shielding region 51L width of the left edge width and the digital sound track 5L, a light shielding region 51L width from the digital sound track 5L width, and perforations 3R width D _e between the digital sound track 5R, the light-blocking region 51R width D _F of the digital sound track 5R, perforations 3L and digital sound track 5
Width D _G between L, the light shielding region 51L width D _H of the digital sound track 5L are each recorded to be the values shown in Table 1 below.

[0033]

[Table 1]

Here, in the motion picture film 1, as shown in FIG. 4, a guard band 53G is recorded between the tracking patterns 53a and 53b in the film running direction. Further, in the movie film 1, the track 52 _n, a guard band 52G _n between the tracks 52 n _{+ 1} adjacent to the track 52 _n is recorded in the direction perpendicular to the film running direction, the track 52 n _{+ 1,} so on guard band 52G n + ₁ between the tracks 52 n _{+ 2} adjacent to the track 52 n _{+ 1} is recorded in the direction perpendicular to the film running direction, with respect to all tracks of the audio data 52,
A guard band is recorded between a track and a track adjacent to the track.

A movie film reproducing apparatus for reproducing audio data from the movie film 1 as described above has a configuration as shown in FIG.

The reproducing apparatus 100 includes a light source 101 for irradiating the cinema film 1 with imaging light and a CCD line sensor 1.
03, a lens 102 for imaging the imaging light passing through the movie film 1 on a photosensitive surface of a CCD line sensor 103,
A waveform equalizer 104 to which the output of the CCD line sensor 103 is supplied, an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit 105 and a comparator 107 to which the output of the waveform equalizer 104 is supplied, and an output of the AGC circuit 105 are supplied. An analog / digital (A / D) converter 106 and a comparator 1
07 to which the output of 07 is supplied
The output of the A / D converter 106 is output via an output terminal I _out and the timing generator 1
The output of 08 is supplied to the CCD line sensor 103.

The operation of the reproducing apparatus 100 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5.

First, when the reproduction is started, the cinema film 1 is irradiated with imaging light by the light source 101. At the same time, the movie film 1 is fed at a predetermined speed by a drive circuit (not shown).

The lens 102 forms an image of the imaging light passing through the movie film 1 on the photosensitive surface of the CCD line sensor 103.

Although not shown, the CCD line sensor 103 is composed of two CCD line sensors, one for the right channel and the other for the left channel. And a reading unit for one line in a direction orthogonal to.

Accordingly, the lens 102 forms an image of the imaging light passing through the digital sound track 5L of the movie film 1 on the photosensitive surface of the CCD line sensor for the left channel, and also forms the digital sound track 5R of the movie film 1 on the photosensitive surface. The passed imaging light is imaged on the photosensitive surface of the right channel CCD line sensor.

Each of the right and left channel CCD line sensors photoelectrically converts the imaging light imaged by the lens 102 at a timing based on a later-described line sensor start pulse from the timing generator 108. That is, it receives the lightened synchronization data, audio data, and tracking pattern for each channel, converts them into electric signals, and supplies them to the waveform equalizer 104.

Here, the waveform of the electric signal obtained by the CCD line sensor 103 has distortion generated during reproduction of the movie film 1 and on the transmission path.

The waveform equalizer 104 performs a frequency characteristic correction process on the electric signal waveform obtained by the CCD line sensor 103 to generate a reproduced signal with reduced distortion as described above. Then, they are supplied to the AGC circuit 105 and the comparator 107, respectively.

The AGC circuit 105 adjusts the signal level of the reproduction signal from the waveform equalizer 104 to a constant amplitude, and supplies the reproduction signal having the adjusted signal level to the A / D converter 106.

The A / D converter 106 includes an AGC circuit 105
Is digitized and output via an output terminal _Iout .

The digitized reproduced data is output from the output terminal I _out, for example, is supplied to the data processing circuit (not shown), the data processing circuit, the reproduced data from the output terminal I _out, C1 parity and C
An error correction process using two parities is performed, and the reproduced data subjected to the error correction process is converted into an analog signal to form an audio signal. Then, the audio signal formed by the data processing circuit is supplied to a speaker device (not shown), so that a sound corresponding to the audio signal is output via the speaker device.

On the other hand, the comparator 107 is provided with the waveform equalizer 104.
The signal level of each tracking pulse corresponding to each of the above-mentioned tracking patterns 53a and 53b included in the reproduction signal from the CPU is compared. Then, the comparator 107 supplies the tracking signal to the timing generator 108 at the timing when the signal levels of the tracking pulses match.

The timing generator 108 supplies the above-described line sensor start pulse to the CCD line sensor 103 based on the tracking signal from the comparator 107.

Therefore, the CCD line sensor 103
The read timing is variably controlled by the line sensor start pulse from the timing generator 108. That is, the CCD line sensor 10
3 scans a point where the sum of the upper and lower limits of the signal level of each tracking pulse corresponding to each of the tracking patterns 53a and 53b is equal. Thus, the audio data recorded on the movie film 1 can always be reproduced in the just-track state.

Hereinafter, the reproduction waveform obtained from the movie film 1 by the reproduction apparatus 100 will be specifically described.

First, as described above, "1" and "0" of digitized audio data (hereinafter referred to as "digital data") are converted into light and dark of the film, for example, black and white on the movie film 1. , Are recorded as shown in FIG. Then, the digital data recorded on the movie film 1 is read by the CCD line sensor 103 of the playback device 100.

At this time, the digital data converted into an electric signal by the CCD line sensor 103 is represented as an eye pattern, like other recording media. The amplitude and S / N ratio of the eye pattern are determined by the ratio of light transmittance based on the brightness of the light source 101, the contrast of the movie film 1, and the like.

Since the identification of "1" and "0" of the digital data recorded on the cinema film 1 is usually made at the cross point of the eye pattern, as shown in FIG. A slice level L for identifying “1” and “0” of data is set as a cross point.

However, in general, a motion picture film contains many black particle noises, dust, vertical scratches and the like.
Such particle noise, adhesion of dust and scratches, etc.
It works in the direction of blocking light from one. As a result, FIG.
As shown in (B), noise is biased toward white having high transmittance, that is, digital data “1”. On the other hand, black having low transmittance, that is, digital data “0” is hardly affected by noise.

Therefore, in the reproducing apparatus 100, as shown in FIG. 6B, the slice level L is set on the black side from the cross point.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, in order to correctly reproduce digital data recorded on the movie film 200, it is necessary to perform tracking so as to correctly capture the track 202, which is a data string of 58 dots as described above. In addition, it is necessary to position the CCD line sensor 103 for converting the imaging light passing through the movie film 200 into an electric signal in parallel with the recording direction of the track 202.

However, the parallelism of the CCD line sensor 103 is determined by the accuracy of the mounting machine, and at present, a tilt error of several degrees must be tolerated.

Therefore, in the reproducing apparatus 100, the comparator 1
07, a tracking signal is detected.
The position of the track 202 is captured by controlling the line sensor start pulse supplied to the D line sensor 103 and applying a servo. However, as described above, the CCD line sensor 1
If the degree of parallelism of 03 is not ensured, as shown in FIG. 8, the further away from the side where the tracking pattern 201 is recorded, the more the tracking is lost, and an azimuth error E occurs.

Therefore, the movie film 200 shown in FIGS.
Since the guard band is not recorded in FIG. 5, the eye pattern of the reproduced signal obtained from the movie film 200 has a larger cross point due to the azimuth error E as the distance from the tracking pattern 201 increases, as shown in FIG. It will be shaken up and down, that is, white side and black side. As a result, the error rate is deteriorated.

[0061] Therefore, in the movie film 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the guard band 52G _n is recorded in the direction perpendicular to the film running direction between the track 52 _n and the track 52 n _{+ 1,} track 52 Guard band 52G _{n + 1} is recorded between _{n + 1} and track 52 _{n + 2 in} a direction perpendicular to the film running direction.

When the digital data recorded on the movie film 1 is read by the CCD line sensor 103, the tracking is deviated because the parallelism of the CCD line sensor 103 is not ensured.
As shown in FIG. 11, when the azimuth error E occurs, the guard band is recorded between the adjacent tracks in the direction orthogonal to the film running direction on the movie film 1. As shown, a reproduced signal having an eye pattern in which the cross point has moved to the black side due to the influence of the guard band is obtained.

In the reproducing apparatus 100, as described above, the slice level for identifying "1" and "0" of the digital data recorded on the movie film 1 is set on the black side from the cross point. Therefore, FIG.
Is closer to the slice level.

Therefore, by recording the guard band between the adjacent tracks in the direction perpendicular to the film running direction, it is possible to prevent the error rate from deteriorating.

Next, when digital data recorded on the conventional movie film 200 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, that is, the movie film 200 on which no guard band is recorded, is reproduced, as shown in FIG. Since the tracking pulses P _201a and P _201b obtained from the tracking patterns 201a and 201b have the same signal level, the positions of the tracking pulses P _201a and P _201b do not appear clearly.

As shown in FIG. 14, the guard band 3 is provided on each of the tracking patterns 301a and 301b.
01G is the conventional motion picture film 300 is recorded in the direction perpendicular to the film running direction, the signal level of the tracking pulses P ₃₀₁ obtained by reproducing has fallen moved to the black side.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the movie film 1 has the tracking patterns 53a and 53b.
The guard band 53G is recorded in the film running direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, the pulse P _G obtained from the guard band 53G, the tracking pulse P _53a obtained from the tracking patterns 53a, 53b, it is possible to clarify the positional relationship between P _53b. At this time, the tracking pulses P _53a and P _53b
Does not move to the black side.

Therefore, each tracking pattern 53
By recording a guard band 53G in the film traveling direction between a and 53b, each tracking pulse 53a, 53b is recorded.
The position of a sampling pulse for sample-holding 53b can be adjusted accurately, and the digital data recorded on the movie film 1 can be accurately and stably reproduced. Also, this movie film 1
Can be suitably used in a reproducing apparatus in which the reproduction level of audio data is compensated according to the actual recording level as described above.

In the movie film 1 described above, the tracking patterns 53a and 53b are recorded on only one side of the digital sound track 5L.
The audio data for one track may be recorded on both sides of the recording start portion and the recording end portion.

[0070]

In the cinema film according to the present invention, in a digital sound track formed along the film running direction, the data pattern of audio data which is orthogonal to the film running direction and juxtaposed along the film running direction is a block. It is recorded on the data track in units. A guard band is provided between the data tracks adjacent to each other in a direction perpendicular to the running direction of the film.
This makes it possible to accurately reproduce the audio data recorded on the movie film without deteriorating the error rate, even when tracking is lost when reproducing the data recorded on the digital sound track. .

In the cinema film according to the present invention, in the digital sound track, a tracking pattern indicating the position of each data track in track units is recorded on one side of each data track along the film running direction. Further, each of the tracking patterns is repeatedly formed along the film running direction in a state where the shading is inverted at the center of the data track, and the shading is opposite in a direction orthogonal to the film running direction. Further, guard bands are provided between the tracking patterns along the film running direction. This makes it possible to clarify the positional relationship between the tracking pulses without changing the signal level of each tracking pulse of each tracking pattern obtained by reproduction. Therefore, the position of the sampling pulse for sampling and holding each tracking pulse can be adjusted accurately, and the audio data recorded on the movie film can be accurately and stably reproduced. Also,
The above-mentioned movie film can be suitably used for a reproducing apparatus adapted to compensate for a reproduction level of audio data in accordance with an actual recording level.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a recording mode of a movie film according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a digital sound track of the movie film.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing one dot size of each data recorded on the movie film.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing guard bands recorded on the movie film.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the movie film reproducing apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining setting of a slice level in the playback device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining tracking in a state where the parallelism of the CCD line sensor is ensured.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining tracking when the parallelism of the CCD line sensor is not ensured.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an eye pattern of a reproduction signal obtained from a conventional cinema film in which a guard band is not recorded.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a state in which tracking has been deviated from the cinema film according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an eye pattern of a reproduced signal obtained from the movie film.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a tracking pulse of a reproduction signal obtained from a movie film according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a tracking pulse of a reproduction signal obtained from a conventional cinema film in which a guard band is not recorded.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a tracking pulse of a reproduction signal obtained from a conventional movie film having a guard band recorded in the horizontal direction between tracking patterns and the center of an eye pattern.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between a tracking pulse of a reproduction signal obtained from a conventional cinema film on which a guard band is not recorded and the center of an eye pattern.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 movie film 52 audio data 52 _n , 52 _{n + 1} , 52 _{n + 2} track 52G _n , 52G _{n + 1} guard band 53a, 53b tracking pattern 53G guard band

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A motion picture film in which a digital sound track on which audio data is recorded is formed along a film running direction, wherein the digital sound track is orthogonal to the film running direction and arranged along the film running direction. A cinema film comprising: a data track on which a data pattern of audio data is recorded in block units; and a guard band provided between each adjacent data track at right angles to the film running direction. 2. The digital sound track includes a tracking pattern recorded on one side of each data track along the film running direction and indicating the position of each data track in track units, and a tracking pattern between the tracking patterns along the film running direction. Provided with a guard band, wherein each of the tracking patterns is repeatedly formed along the film running direction in a state where the shading is inverted at the center of the data track, and the shading is opposite in the direction orthogonal to the film running direction. 2. The motion picture film according to claim 1, wherein