JPH10136588A - Charge system of motorized vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charge system which can optionally select either a first charge mode where the work for electric connection is needless, though energy efficiency is a little low, or a second charge mode where energy efficiency is high, though the work the electric connection is necessary, in the system for charging the battery of an electric motor mounted on a motorized vehicle. SOLUTION: This charge system provided with a normal charge primary circuit 5 equipped with the output part of magnetic energy, and a quick charge primary circuit 7 equipped with the output part of a charge current, and a motorized vehicle is equipped with the first input part which supplies a battery 3 with a charge current, being usually magnetically connected with the output part of the charge primary circuit 5, and a charge secondary circuit 6 having the second input part which supplies the battery 3 with a charge current, being electrically connected with the output part of the quick charge primary circuit 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging system for charging a battery mounted on an electric vehicle such as a bicycle with an electric motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, bicycles equipped with an electric motor for assisting a human-driven driving force by mounting an electric motor on a bicycle body that can be driven manually are being developed. FIG. 8 shows a schematic configuration of a bicycle with an electric motor. Torque generated by depressing a pedal of the bicycle body (1) is detected by a torque sensor (21), and the detection signal is input to a controller (22). Is done. Controller accordingly
In (22), a torque command according to the input torque detection signal is created and supplied to the electric motor (2). As a result, in addition to the manual torque, the motor output torque having a magnitude corresponding to the manual torque value is supplied to the bicycle body (1),
The driving force by human power is assisted. The bicycle body (1)
A battery (3) that is a power source for the electric motor (2) is mounted, and when the output voltage of the battery (3) decreases,
The battery (3) is removed from the bicycle body (1), and the battery is connected to a dedicated charging device for charging.

According to the charging device, the voltage to be applied to the charging terminal of the battery (3) and the temperature of the battery (3) are appropriately controlled, and a relatively large charging current is applied to the battery (3).
, Charging can be completed in a short time of about 30 minutes, for example.

[0004]

However, in the above-described charging method, it is necessary to connect the output terminal of the charging device to the charging terminal of the battery (3) by a wire, and this operation is troublesome. is there. On the other hand, a method is conceivable in which charging current is supplied from the charging device to the battery of the bicycle main body by electromagnetic coupling between the primary coil and the secondary coil, regardless of the electrical connection. There is a problem in that energy efficiency is reduced when the electromagnetic coupling between the secondary coils involves energy loss, particularly when the charging current increases.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a first charging method which does not require an operation for electrical connection although energy efficiency is somewhat low, according to a place where charging operation is to be performed, time of day, and other conditions. It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging system that can arbitrarily select any one of the second charging methods with high energy efficiency even when the operation for the above is necessary.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A charging system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention comprises a first system having a magnetic energy output unit.
A charging primary circuit, a second charging primary circuit having a charging current output unit, and an electric vehicle, which is magnetically coupled to the first charging primary circuit output unit to transfer the charging current to the battery. And a charging secondary circuit having a second input electrically connected to an output of the second charging primary circuit and supplying a charging current to the battery.

In the above charging system, when the operation for electrical connection is to be omitted even if the energy efficiency is somewhat low, the electric vehicle is moved and the first charging secondary circuit of the charging secondary circuit is moved.
The input is arranged close to the output of the first charging primary circuit to operate the first charging primary circuit. by this,
Magnetic energy is released from the output of the first charging primary circuit and is input to the first input of the charging secondary circuit,
The output of the primary charging circuit and the first input of the secondary charging circuit are magnetically coupled to each other. As a result, a charging current is supplied from the first input unit of the charging secondary circuit to the battery, and the battery is charged (first charging method).

On the other hand, if charging is to be performed with high energy efficiency even if work for electrical connection is required, the output of the second charging primary circuit is connected to the second input of the charging secondary circuit. To operate the second charging primary circuit. As a result, the output of the second charging primary circuit and the second input of the charging secondary circuit are electrically connected to each other. As a result, a charging current flows from the output of the second charging primary circuit to the second input of the charging secondary circuit, and the charging current is supplied to the battery to charge the battery (second charging). Charging method).

In a specific configuration, the output of the first charging primary circuit is constituted by a primary coil, and the first input of the charging secondary circuit is constituted by a secondary coil.
The output of the second charging primary circuit and the second input of the charging secondary circuit are connectable to each other by a connector. According to this specific configuration, by bringing the primary coil closer to the secondary coil, the lines of magnetic force emitted from the primary coil pass through the secondary coil, and the primary coil and the secondary coil are magnetically coupled to each other. Also, an electrical connection is made by engaging the output of the second charging primary circuit with the second input of the charging secondary circuit and connecting the output of the second charging primary circuit to the second input of the charging secondary circuit. By disconnecting from the two inputs, the electrical connection is disconnected.

In a specific configuration, the charging operation of the first input unit and the second input unit of the charging secondary circuit is controlled by a common charging control circuit. In the specific configuration, since the first input unit and the second input unit of the charging secondary circuit perform basically the same control operation, when charging by the first input unit is performed, the charging control circuit performs the first control. When one input unit is controlled and charging is performed by the second input unit, the second input unit is controlled by the charge control circuit. This simplifies the circuit configuration as compared to a case where both input sections are controlled by separate circuits.

More specifically, first sensor means for detecting a state in which the output of the first charging primary circuit and the first input of the charging secondary circuit can be magnetically coupled to each other;
And a second sensor means for detecting a state in which the output part of the charging primary circuit and the second input part of the charging secondary circuit are electrically connected to each other, based on a detection signal from the first sensor means. The first charging primary circuit is activated, and the second charging primary circuit is activated based on a detection signal from the second sensor means.

According to the above specific configuration, when the output section of the first charging primary circuit is installed close to the first input section of the charging secondary circuit, this state is detected by the first sensor means,
Activate the first charging primary circuit. On the other hand, by connecting the output of the second charging primary circuit to the second input of the charging secondary circuit, the second sensor means detects this state and activates the second charging primary circuit. . Therefore, the first charging primary circuit and the second charging primary circuit are automatically switched, and a circuit necessary for charging operates.

[0013]

According to the charging system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, any one of the first charging system emphasizing workability of electrical connection and the second charging system emphasizing energy efficiency can be arbitrarily selected. You can choose.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a bicycle with an electric motor shown in FIG. 8 will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 8, a battery (3) serving as a power source of an electric motor (2) is mounted on the bicycle body (1), and the battery (3) can be charged in two ways as described later. It is.

First Embodiment FIGS. 4 to 7 show a battery of a bicycle body (1) by a charging device (4) installed at a predetermined position in a home or a bicycle parking lot.
(Not shown) indicates the state of charging. The charging device (4) is provided with a positioning groove (44) for the rear wheel (11) of the bicycle body (1).
Comprises a recessed base (41), on the base (41),
A stand receiving member (42) is provided. The stand receiving member (42) has a stand leg (12) for supporting the bicycle body (1).
A concave portion (43) to be engaged with the ground portion (13) is formed, a primary coil device (51) is buried surrounding the concave portion (43), and a normal charging primary circuit described later should be constituted. Other circuit elements are built in. Further, a power cord (45) extending from the base (41) to be connected to an outlet of a commercial power supply extends. On the other hand, the ground part (1) of the stand leg (12) of the bicycle body (1)
3), a secondary coil device (61) is built in, and the secondary coil device (61) is a line (not shown) stretched along the stand legs (12) and the frame (14). , And together with other circuit elements interposed in the line, constitute a charging secondary circuit described later.

As shown in FIG. 7, the primary coil device (51) of the charging device (4) is composed of an iron core (52) and a primary coil (50), and the primary coil (50) is used for a normal charging primary circuit described later. It constitutes the output unit. On the other hand, the secondary coil device (61) installed on the bicycle body is composed of an iron core (62) and a secondary coil (60), and the secondary coil (60) is a first input unit of a charging secondary circuit described later. Is composed. A sensor (46) for detecting a state in which the ground portion (13) of the stand leg (12) of the bicycle body (1) is engaged is attached to the stand receiving member (42) of the charging device (4). I have.

As shown in FIG. 1, the normal charging primary circuit (5) built in the above-described charging device includes a commercial power supply (53), a full-wave rectifier circuit (54), a smoothing capacitor (55), a primary Coil (5
0), which is composed of a switching transistor (56) and the like, and the transistor (56) is driven by a drive signal supplied from a drive circuit (57). On the other hand, the charging secondary circuit (6) provided in the bicycle body has a secondary coil (6
0), a smoothing capacitor (63), a charge on / off transistor (64), a battery (3) and the like. A connector (66) is connected to both charging terminals of the battery (3). I have. The transistor (64) is turned on / off by an ON / OFF signal supplied from the charge control circuit (65).
The voltage across the battery (3) is input to the charge control circuit (65). When the voltage across the battery (3) is lower than a predetermined threshold, the charge control circuit (65) ) Is turned on to continue charging, and once the voltage across the battery (3) exceeds a predetermined threshold, the transistor (64)
To stop charging.

In the above-described normal charging primary circuit (5), the alternating current obtained from the commercial power supply (53) is supplied to the full-wave rectifier circuit (5).
After being rectified through 4) and further smoothed by the capacitor (55), it is supplied to the primary coil (50). Here, the transistor (56) is switched by a drive signal from the drive circuit (57). As a result, the primary coil (5
0), a high-frequency magnetic field line is generated, the magnetic field line passes through the secondary coil (60) of the charging secondary circuit (6), and the primary coil (50) and the secondary coil (60) are electromagnetically coupled to each other. Will be.

By the electromagnetic coupling, a high-frequency pulse current is obtained from the secondary coil (60), and the pulse current is smoothed by the capacitor (63) to become a substantially DC charging current, which is supplied to the battery (3). Supplied. As a result, the battery (3) is charged.

The rapid charging primary circuit (7) supplies a larger charging current to the battery (3) than the above-described normal charging primary circuit (5), and performs charging in a relatively short time (for example, 100 minutes). belongs to. The fast charging primary circuit (7) has the same configuration as the conventional charging primary circuit, and includes a commercial power supply (71), a full-wave rectifier circuit (72), a smoothing capacitor (73), and a switching transistor (74). ), Drive circuit (75) for supplying drive signal to transistor (74), isolation transformer (70),
It comprises a smoothing capacitor (76), a charge on / off transistor (77), a charge control circuit (78) for controlling on / off of the transistor (77), and the output part thereof is provided by the connector (66). Connected to the charging secondary circuit (6). The charging control circuit (78) has a battery (3) from the connector (66).
When the voltage across the battery (3) is below a predetermined threshold, the charge control circuit (78) turns on the transistor (77) to continue charging,
Once the voltage across (3) exceeds a predetermined threshold, the transistor (77) is turned off to stop charging.

In the above-described quick charging primary circuit (7), the alternating current obtained from the commercial power supply (71) is supplied to the full-wave rectifier circuit (7).
After being rectified through 2) and further smoothed by the capacitor (73), it is supplied to the primary winding of the insulating transformer (70).
Here, the transistor (74) is switched by a drive signal from the drive circuit (75). As a result, a high-frequency pulse current is obtained from the secondary winding of the insulating transformer (70), and the pulse current is smoothed by the capacitor (76), becomes a substantially DC charging current, and becomes the transistor (77) and the connector ( 66) and is supplied to the battery (3).
As a result, the battery (3) is charged.
In the fast charging primary circuit (7), the charging current to be supplied to the battery (3) is set to be larger than the charging current by the normal charging primary circuit (5), whereby the charging is completed in a short time. Will do.

According to the charging system shown in FIG. 1, when charging the battery (3) of the bicycle body (1) even if it takes a long time to perform charging,
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rear wheel (11) of the bicycle body (1) is set on the charging device (4), and the stand legs (12) are engaged with the stand receiving member (42). Normal charging primary circuit (5) provided in device (4) and charging secondary circuit provided in bicycle body (1)
And (6) are magnetically connected to each other to charge the battery. Therefore, the conventional connection by wire is unnecessary, which is convenient.

On the other hand, when the charging is to be completed in a short time, the quick charging primary circuit (7) is connected to the charging secondary circuit (6) of the bicycle body using the connector (66) shown in FIG. Connecting. As a result, the primary quick charging circuit (7) and the secondary charging circuit (6) are electrically connected to each other, and the battery can be charged in a short time. Normal charging primary circuit
The battery (3) can be charged with higher energy efficiency than the charging by (5).

Second Embodiment In a first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a charge control circuit (65) for controlling a transistor (64) of a secondary charging circuit (6) and a transistor ( 77) charge control circuit
(78) and separate transistors (64)
Since the control operation of (77) is the same, both charging control circuits are shared in the second embodiment shown in FIG.

The normal charging primary circuit (5) has the same configuration as in the first embodiment. On the other hand, the charging secondary circuit (8) equipped on the bicycle body has a secondary coil (80) and a capacitor for smoothing.
(81), a charge on / off transistor (82), a battery (3), etc., in addition to the same configuration as the charging secondary circuit (6) of the first embodiment, and a rapid charging primary circuit (9) described later. Equipped with a transistor (85) for turning on / off charging by means of a connector and a connector (86) used for connection to a primary circuit for quick charging (9),
ON / OFF of both transistors (82) (85) is controlled by a common charge control circuit (83).

The charge control circuit (83) includes a normal charge primary circuit.
A switch (84) for switching between charging by (5) and charging by the rapid charging primary circuit (9) is connected, and control of the charging control circuit (83) is performed based on a signal from the switch (84). The target is switched.

The quick charging primary circuit (9) includes a commercial power supply (91),
Full-wave rectifier circuit (92), capacitor for smoothing (93), transistor for switching (94), drive circuit (95) for supplying drive signal to transistor (94), isolation transformer (9
0), a smoothing capacitor (96) and the like, and its output is connected to the charging secondary circuit (8) by the connector (86).

The circuit operation of the charging system shown in FIG. 2 is the same as that of the charging system shown in FIG. 1 except for the control of the transistors (82) and (85) by the charging control circuit (83). I do. The control operation by the charge control circuit (83) is not limited to the method of monitoring the voltage between both ends of the battery (3).
The method of monitoring the temperature of (3) can also be adopted.

According to the charging system shown in FIG. 2, the charging control circuit (83) provided in the charging secondary circuit (8) controls the on / off control of the charging by the normal charging primary circuit (5) and the rapid charging. Since both the on / off control of charging by the primary circuit (9) is performed, the circuit configuration is simpler than the charging system shown in FIG.

Third Embodiment In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the second embodiment shown in FIG.
Although the normal charging primary circuit (5) and the rapid charging primary circuits (7) and (9) are built in separate casings, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. A charging primary circuit (100) having both a circuit section A and a quick charging primary circuit section B is incorporated. Further, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the normal charging primary circuit portion A of the charging primary circuit (100) and the charging secondary circuit
And (200) detect a state that can be magnetically coupled to each other, and automatically activate the normal charging primary circuit section A, while the quick charging primary circuit section B and the charging secondary circuit of the charging primary circuit (100). (200) is detected to be electrically connected to each other, and the rapid charging primary circuit section B is automatically activated.

The primary charging circuit (100) includes a commercial power supply (101), a full-wave rectifier circuit (102), a capacitor (103), and a primary coil (10).
4), the normal charging primary circuit section A is composed of the switching transistor (105) and the like. Also, full-wave rectifier circuit (10
An isolation transformer (106) to which the current obtained from 2) is supplied,
A fast charging primary circuit section B is constituted by the switching transistor (107) and the like. Primary charging circuit (100)
Has a primary control unit (108) for supplying drive signals G1 and G2 to the transistor (105) of the normal charging primary circuit unit A and the transistor (107) of the rapid charging primary circuit unit B, respectively.

More specifically, the primary control unit (108) performs a pulse width modulation signal P1, a pulse width modulation signal P1 based on the voltage V1 and the current I1 of the normal charging primary circuit unit A and the current I2 of the rapid charging primary circuit unit B.
A primary control circuit (109) for creating P2 and a primary control circuit (10
Drive circuits (110) and (111) that generate the drive signals G1 and G2 based on the pulse width modulation signals P1 and P2 obtained from 9) and supply the generated drive signals to the transistors (105) and (107), respectively. . The primary control circuit (109) includes a sensor (4) mounted on a stand receiving member (42) of the charging device (4).
6) and a second detection signal D2 for detecting a state in which the rapid charging primary circuit section B is connected to the charging secondary circuit (200), as described later, to supply the primary control signal. When the first detection signal D1 is supplied, the circuit (109) sends the pulse width modulation signal P1 to the drive circuit (110),
When the detection signal D2 is supplied, the pulse width modulation signal P2 is sent to the drive circuit (111).

On the other hand, the charging secondary circuit (200) comprises a secondary coil (201) to be electromagnetically coupled with the primary coil (104) of the charging primary circuit (100), and a current supplied from the secondary coil (201). Or, a relay (202) for selecting one of the currents supplied from the insulating transformer (106) of the charging primary circuit (100), a switching transistor (203), a smoothing capacitor (204), and a battery (3) Drive signal G3 to the transistor (203)
And a secondary control unit (206) to supply the battery (3), and a connector (205) to the negative electrode of the relay (202) and the battery (3).
Is connected. Connector (205) is a secondary charging circuit
(200) has a function of detecting a state in which the charging primary circuit (100) is connected and outputting a detection signal D2. The detection signal D is supplied to the primary control circuit (109) of the primary control unit (108). Is done.

More specifically, the secondary control unit (206) performs the relay control based on the input voltage V2 from the connector (205), the charging current I3 for the battery (3) and the charging voltage V3.
(202) a secondary control circuit (207) for generating a control signal S and a pulse width modulation signal P3, and a drive signal G3 based on the pulse width modulation signal P3 obtained from the secondary control circuit (207). And a drive circuit (208) to be created and supplied to the transistor (203). Here, the secondary control circuit (207) performs pulse width modulation control so as to control the charging current and the charging current for the battery (3) to specified values, respectively.

In the charging system shown in FIG. 3, when performing simple charging using the normal charging primary circuit section A, as in the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. Place (11) on charging device (4) and stand legs (12)
Is engaged with the stand receiving member (42). by this,
As shown in FIG. 3, the detection signal D1 is supplied from the sensor (46) to the primary control circuit (109), and the primary control circuit (109) is responsive thereto.
Supplies the pulse width modulation signal P1 to the drive circuit (110), whereby the supply of the drive signal G1 to the transistor (105) of the normal primary charging circuit section A is automatically started. Also, the relay (202) of the charging secondary circuit (200) is a secondary coil
Switch to (201) side. As a result, the battery (3) is charged by the normal charging primary circuit section A.

On the other hand, when quick charging is performed by the quick charging primary circuit section B, the connector (205) is used.
The primary charging circuit (100) is connected to the secondary charging circuit (200). As a result, the detection signal D2 is supplied from the connector (205) to the primary control circuit (109) of the primary control unit (108), and the primary control circuit (109) responds to this by pulse width modulation to the drive circuit (111). A signal P2 is supplied, whereby the supply of the drive signal G2 to the transistor (107) of the fast charging primary circuit section B is automatically started. Also, the relay (202) of the charging secondary circuit (200) is switched to the connector (205). As a result, the battery (3) is charged by the quick charge primary circuit section B.

It should be noted that both the normal charging primary circuit section A and the rapid charging primary circuit section B of the charging primary circuit (100) are connected to the charging secondary circuit (2).
(00), a configuration in which the quick charge primary circuit section B is preferentially activated can be adopted. Also, the primary charging circuit (10
0) The primary control circuit (109) monitors the power obtained from the normal charging primary circuit unit A, and when the specified power cannot be obtained, it is determined that the power has been activated due to malfunction and the drive circuit
It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the supply of the pulse width modulation signal to (110) and (111) is stopped.

As described above, according to the charging system shown in FIG. 3, the primary charging primary circuit section A and the rapid charging primary circuit section B of the primary charging circuit (100) are connected to the secondary charging circuit (200). The switching is performed on the basis of one of the circuits, and one of the necessary circuit units automatically operates, so that the operability is good.

The description of the above embodiments is for the purpose of describing the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the claims or reducing the scope thereof.
Further, the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims. For example, it goes without saying that the charging system according to the present invention can be widely applied not only to a bicycle with an electric motor but also to an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a charging system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the above.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially broken plan view showing a state of charge by the charging device.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway front view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a charging device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a primary coil device and a secondary coil device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a bicycle with an electric motor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Bicycle body (2) Electric motor (3) Battery (5) Normal charging primary circuit (53) Commercial power supply (50) Primary coil (6) Secondary charging circuit (60) Secondary coil (66) Connector (7) ) Quick charge primary circuit (71) Commercial power supply (70) Isolation transformer

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A system for charging a battery serving as a power source of an electric motor mounted on an electric vehicle, comprising: a first charging primary circuit including a magnetic energy output unit; and a charging current output unit. A second charging primary circuit, which is provided in the electric vehicle, is magnetically coupled to an output of the first charging primary circuit, and supplies a charging current to the battery; and a second charging primary circuit. A charging secondary circuit electrically connected to an output of the circuit and having a second input for supplying charging current to the battery. 2. The output of the first charging primary circuit is constituted by a primary coil, the first input of the charging secondary circuit is constituted by a secondary coil, and the output of the second charging primary circuit is The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the second input unit of the charging secondary circuit is connectable to each other by a connector. 3. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charging operation of the first input unit and the second input unit of the charging secondary circuit is controlled by a common charging control circuit. 4. A first charging means for detecting a state in which an output of the first charging primary circuit and a first input of the charging secondary circuit can be magnetically coupled to each other, and a second charging primary circuit. And a second sensor means for detecting a state in which the output section of the charging secondary circuit and the second input section of the charging secondary circuit are electrically connected to each other.
The charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the charging primary circuit is activated, and the second charging primary circuit is activated based on a detection signal from the second sensor means.