JPH0979855A - Target for setting laser reference level and setting device of laser reference level - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To adjust the irradiation position of laser beams in all the directions with simple constitution and no another's hand by symmetrically providing a plurality of reflecting surfaces around a target center separately by needed distances. SOLUTION: The point of intersection of cross lines 63 marked on the center of a target plate 62 is set to be the center, and right-left reflecting surfaces 64, 65 and upper-lower reflecting surfaces 66, 67 are provided symmetrically about the center. This target 61 is set to be on a target position, laser beams 58 are applied, right-left and inclination of the irradiating direction are almost set manually, and after the setting automatic adjustment is operated. Reflected rays 58' from the reflecting surfaces 64, 65 are detected 51, a horizontal gravity center position to a light receiving signal, i.e., the point of intersection of the cross lines 63 in the horizontal direction is computed by a control device 45, and based on this, the irradiating direction of the rays 58 is conformed to the horizontal gravity center position as a computed direction. Based on the reflected rays 58' of the reflecting surfaces 66, 67, the vertical direction is computed, and the irradiating direction of the ray 58 is made to coincide with the vertical gravity center position. Hereby, the horizontal and vertical directions of the rays 58 are set, and the irradiation point coincides with the point of intersection of cross lines 63.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laser reference level setting device for setting a reference level that serves as a reference for the burying position, posture, etc. of a concrete pipe when burying a concrete pipe or the like in soil, and particularly to the laser reference level setting device. The present invention relates to improvement of a target used in a level setting device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a typical work for burying concrete pipes in the soil, there is a work method in which the ground is dug down, concrete pipes are sequentially installed and buried in dug trenches, and backfilled.

[0003] The ground is dug deeper than the depth at which the concrete pipe is installed for each fixed straight section, and the concrete pipe is installed on a temporary stand provided at the bottom of the groove. At this time, the direction and inclination are adjusted so that the lowermost position of the inner surface of each concrete pipe is matched with each other, and then backfilling is performed.

[0004] Such concrete pipes are used for water supply and sewerage.
It serves as a flow path for flowing a liquid substance, and is installed with a certain degree of inclination so as not to bend. When the buried concrete pipe meanders vertically and horizontally, the liquid substance stays, becomes clogged, or leaks into the ground, and cannot function as a flow path. Therefore, an appropriate reference line is required for burying the concrete pipe.

A laser beam is convenient as such a reference line, does not slacken like a thread even at a long distance, does not become an obstacle during work, and further interferes with an operator, a concrete pipe, or the like. It will not be cut.

There is a laser reference level setting device for forming a reference line by the laser beam when installing a concrete pipe.

The laser reference level setting device has a laser aiming device and a target. The laser aiming device is installed at the starting point of the first dug down manhole or groove, and the target is installed at the other end of the groove. A mark indicating the center position is provided on the target so that the center position can be known, and the target is installed so that the center position of the target coincides with the center position of the concrete pipe to be installed. The center position of the target is determined by a surveying device such as theodolite.

Next, the laser aiming device is adjusted such that a laser beam is emitted from the laser aiming device and the center of the target is irradiated with the laser beam. When the adjustment is completed, the laser beam emitted by the laser aiming device becomes the reference line for installing the concrete pipe.

However, during the construction work, there are vibrations during the work, vibrations when passing the vehicle, etc., and there are many displacements due to the vibrations. Moreover, when the construction is interrupted, the laser sighting device and the laser aiming device are frequently used. The position of the target must be adjusted.

Therefore, a laser reference level setting device capable of detecting the center of the target and a target have been proposed.

The laser reference level setting device comprises a laser aiming device and a target, and the laser aiming device is rotatably supported by means of emitting polarized laser beam and receiving means of reflected laser beam from the target. And a driving device for rotating the laser oscillating means up, down, left and right, and a control unit for driving the driving device according to a light receiving state of a reflected laser beam from the target. Further, the reflective surface of the target is a retroreflective surface having a reflective layer of small spheres or small prisms,
A quarter-wave birefringent plate is further attached to either the left or right half.

The polarized laser beam from the laser irradiation device is scanned so as to horizontally traverse the target, and when the target is irradiated with the laser beam, a reflecting surface on which a ¼ wavelength birefringent plate is attached. A polarized light different from the irradiated polarized light is reflected from. On the other reflecting surface, the polarized light is reflected while the polarized light is preserved. The laser oscillating device can detect the center of the target by detecting the state of the reflected light from the target, that is, by detecting the point where the polarization state changes, and the control unit controls the driving device to control the laser beam. Point to the center of the target. Thus, the irradiation position in the horizontal direction is determined. To determine the irradiation position in the vertical direction, there are many configurations in which the device is manually or wirelessly operated while adjusting the center while visually recognizing the target.

After burying concrete pipes, etc.,
In order to confirm whether the concrete pipe was buried according to the setting, or as a work to check whether the buried condition of the concrete pipe has changed over time as a maintenance work after the lapse of a predetermined period, the inclination of the flow path and tunnel There is work to measure. A conventional tunnel inclination measurement will be described with reference to FIG.

The tunnel 1 is formed by embedding a series of concrete pipes 2, and a manhole 3 and a manhole 4 are provided at the upstream end and the downstream end of the tunnel 1, respectively.
Has been dug. The level 5 is horizontally installed at a predetermined position on the upstream end face of the concrete pipe 2, for example, at the lowest position of the concrete pipe, and leveled, and the staff 6 is set up vertically based on the leveled position of the level 5. Set up. Further, the level 7 is horizontally installed at a position corresponding to the leveled position of the level 5 on the downstream end face of the concrete pipe 2, that is, at the lowermost position, and leveled similarly. Based on this, the staff 8 is erected vertically. A level measuring instrument 9 is installed on the ground, and the numerical values of the staff 6 and the staff 8 are read by the level measuring instrument 9, and the slope of the tunnel 1 is measured from the difference and the distance between the staff 6 and the staff 8. It was

[0015]

When determining the irradiation position of the laser beam in the above-mentioned conventional laser reference level setting device and its target, a quarter-wave birefringent plate is attached to half of the reflecting surface of the target. The center of the target is detected in the state of receiving the reflected laser beam from the target, and the laser beam is irradiated to the center to automatically adjust the position. However, alignment is automatic on the left and right, but there are many manual devices on the top and bottom, and if the installed pipe is largely displaced, it is difficult to adjust the laser beam by removing it from the target.

Therefore, a worker is required on each of the laser reference level setting device side and the target side, a plurality of manpower is required for alignment, and there is a problem that workability is poor and loss time cannot be avoided. Therefore, if a mechanism for rotating the target by 90 ° is provided so that the upper and lower positions can be automatically aligned, the device becomes complicated and the manufacturing cost increases.

Further, in the above-mentioned conventional tunnel inclination measurement, it is necessary for an operator to actually enter the manholes 3 and 4 to install the level 5 and the level 7, and to vertically support the staff 6 and the staff 8. However, there is a problem that many workers are required and the measurement accuracy is difficult to obtain.

In view of the above situation, the present invention makes it possible to adjust the position of the laser beam irradiation position in the vertical and horizontal directions with a simple structure without manpower, thereby shortening the loss time and enabling one person to work. The purpose of this is to save labor and to measure the inclination angle of the completed tunnel and the existing tunnel by one person, and also to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0019]

According to the present invention, there is provided a laser reference level setting target having a plurality of reflective surfaces and symmetrically spaced apart from each other by a required distance with respect to the center of the target. A laser reference level setting target with symmetrical reflecting surfaces, or a laser reference level setting target with multiple reflecting surfaces so that a desired pattern is formed along the scanning direction, or a liquid crystal shutter on the reflecting surface Laser reference level setting target,
Alternatively, at least one of the laser reference level setting target having the reflection surface provided at a position separated from the target center by a required distance, or the laser reference level setting target having a shape in which at least one width of the reflection surface gradually changes, or the reflection surface A pair of at least one of the reflective surface width of the reflective surface gradually changed target for reference level setting target, or the target plate is a translucent material, the index to confirm the irradiation position of the laser beam on the back surface of the target The laser reference level setting target provided, or the laser reference level setting target in which at least one of the reflecting surfaces is provided with a ¼λ birefringent member, or a laser aiming device and a target, wherein the target is on the target. The laser aiming device has a reflecting surface that indicates a predetermined position, and A laser oscillating device having a laser beam emitting means and a reflected laser beam receiving means supported by the driving means, a driving device for rotating at least the laser beam emitting means of the laser oscillating device, and a reflecting surface of the target. A laser reference level setting device having a control unit for controlling the driving device so as to direct the laser beam to a predetermined position of the target according to a reflected laser beam receiving state,
Alternatively, a tilt angle detecting means for detecting a vertical rotation angle of the laser transmission device, a tilt sensor for detecting horizontal, and a tilt angle for irradiating a laser beam based on the detection by the tilt angle detecting means and the tilt sensor are displayed. Or a laser reference level setting device provided with a liquid crystal shutter on the reflecting surface of the target, and the light receiving means of the laser aiming device is provided with an electric filter that is synchronized with the opening / closing frequency of the liquid crystal shutter. Or, a laser reference level setting device that irradiates a circularly polarized laser beam through a 1/4 λ birefringent member by a laser beam emitting unit and discriminates a laser beam that has a polarizing plate as a light receiving unit and is reflected by a target, or A laser reference level setting device in which the control device calculates the center of gravity of the received light signal and obtains the target center from the position of the center of gravity, or The control device calculates the pulse width of the received light signal, and the laser reference level setting device that determines the target center from the pulse width, or the control device calculates the scanning rotation angle of the laser beam based on the pulse width of the received light signal. The present invention relates to a laser reference level setting device for calculating a distance between a laser oscillation device and a target from the size of the target corresponding to the scanning rotation angle and the pulse width.

Irradiating a laser beam from a laser oscillator,
Further, the laser beam is scanned across the target, the light reflected from the reflecting surface is detected by the light receiving means, and the received light reflected by the light receiving means is recognized as being from the target. , The light receiving state is calculated, the driving device is controlled based on the calculation result to determine the irradiation direction of the laser beam, and after the irradiation direction of the laser beam is determined, the irradiation direction is set horizontally to determine the irradiation direction. Measure the tilt angle to the horizontal.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show a laser aiming device 10,
FIG. 6 shows the target 61.

First, the laser aiming device 10 will be described.

The laser oscillating device 11 is provided on a swing frame 13 which can be tilted about a horizontal shaft 12, and the swing frame 13 is attached to a main body frame (not shown) by a vertical shaft 14.
Is provided so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. Further, a tilting plate 42 is provided on the horizontal shaft 12, a tilt lever 15 is connected to the tilting plate 42, and a tilt sensor 16 such as a bubble tube for indicating a horizontal state is provided on the tilting plate 42. . An encoder 43 is provided on the horizontal shaft 12, and the encoder 43 detects a rotation angle of the horizontal shaft 12, that is, an inclination angle of the laser oscillator 11. The signal from the encoder 43 is a gradient controller 48 (described later).
Is input to

A horizontal angle adjusting mechanism 17 is connected to the swing frame 13, a vertical angle adjusting mechanism 18 is connected to the laser oscillator 11, and a tilt sensor tilting mechanism is connected to the tilt lever 15. 19 are provided. The tilt sensor tilting mechanism 19 is provided on the support of the laser oscillator 11 and tilts integrally with the laser oscillator 11.

The horizontal angle adjusting mechanism 17 comprises a horizontally rotatable first screw 20, a first slide nut 21 screwed to the first screw 20, and a first slide nut 21.
A pin 23 that is planted in the slide nut 21 and that engages with the swing frame 13, a driven gear 24 that is fitted to the first screw 20, and a drive gear 25 that is attached to the driven gear 24.
It is composed of a horizontal angle adjusting motor 26 connected via.

The vertical angle adjusting mechanism 18 includes a horizontally rotatable second screw 27, a second slide nut 28 screwed to the second screw 27, and a second slide nut 28.
The laser oscillation device 1 is planted in the slide nut 28.
1, a pin 29 that engages with the first screw 27, a driven gear 30 that is fitted to the second screw 27, and a vertical angle adjustment motor 32 that is connected to the driven gear 30 via a drive gear 31.

The tilt sensor tilting mechanism 19 includes a vertically rotatable third screw 33 and a third slide nut 34 that is screwed onto the third screw 33.
A pin 35 that is planted in the third slide nut 34 and that engages with the tilt lever 15, a driven gear 36 that is fitted to the third screw 33, and a gradient that is connected to the driven gear 36 via a drive gear 37. It is composed of a setting motor 38.

The horizontal adjustment controller 46 drives the horizontal angle adjusting motor 26, the vertical angle controller 47 drives the vertical angle adjusting motor 32, and the gradient controller 48 drives the gradient setting motor 38.

The horizontal angle adjusting motor 26 of the horizontal angle adjusting mechanism 17 is a horizontal adjusting controller 46, the vertical angle adjusting motor 32 of the vertical angle adjusting mechanism 18 is a vertical angle controller 47, and a gradient setting motor 38 of the tilt sensor tilting mechanism 19. Is driven by a gradient controller 48, and the gradient controller 48 includes an encoder 43
The rotation angle signal from is input.

The horizontal adjustment controller 46 and the vertical angle controller 4
7. The gradient controller 48 is controlled by the controller 45, and the detection signal from the tilt sensor 16 is input to the controller 45. The control device 45 includes an operation panel 49 for starting and stopping the device, setting a gradient, etc., a gradient set value, an operating state, a laser beam irradiation direction, and a target 6.
A display 50 for displaying the detection position of 1 and the like, and a reflected laser beam detector 51 (described later) are connected.

Next, the laser oscillator 11 will be briefly described with reference to FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 55 denotes a laser light emitting portion, the laser light emitting portion 55 has a light emitting diode 56 and a collimating lens 57, and the laser beam from the light emitting diode 56 is collimated by the collimating lens 57. 58
The target 61 is irradiated with the light through the half mirror 59 or the perforated mirror.

Reflected light 5 reflected by the target 61
8'is incident on the laser oscillating device 11, and the incident reflected light 58 'is focused lens 60, reflected laser beam detector 51.
The light is received by the light receiving means including the above. The focusing lens 60
When the reflected laser beam detector 51 receives the reflected light 58 ′ via, the reflected laser beam detector 51 inputs a detection signal to the control device 45. The control device 45 drives and controls the horizontal angle adjustment motor 26 via the horizontal adjustment controller 46 according to the light receiving state of the reflected laser beam detector 51, and the vertical angle controller 47 via the vertical angle controller 47. The adjustment motor 32 is drive-controlled to determine the irradiation direction of the laser beam 58 from the laser oscillator 11. In addition, in FIG. 5, the laser emitting section and the optical system for emitting the laser beam of the laser oscillator, the reflected laser beam detector which is the light receiving section for receiving the reflected laser beam, and the optical system are integrally shown. Of course, it may be configured as a separate unit.

Next, the target 61 will be described with reference to FIG.

A cross line 63 is imprinted on the target center of the rectangular target plate 62 (in the case of this drawing, the center of the target coincides with the center of the figure).
The left reflecting surface 64, the right reflecting surface 65, the upper reflecting surface 66, and the lower reflecting surface 67 are provided in left-right and up-down symmetric positions around the intersection point of, respectively. Are the same, and the upper reflective surface 66 and the lower reflective surface 67 have at least the same vertical width. If the widths are not the same, the shapes of the left reflecting surface 64 and the right reflecting surface 65, and the shapes of the upper reflecting surface 66 and the lower reflecting surface 67 are symmetrical with respect to the vertical line of the cross line and the horizontal line. May be.

The left reflecting surface 64, the right reflecting surface 65, the upper reflecting surface 66, and the lower reflecting surface 67 are obtained by laminating a retroreflective layer made of small spheres or small prisms on the target plate 62.

The setting of the reference line by the laser beam when burying a pipe or the like will be described below with reference to the case where the reference line is inclined by a required angle θ with respect to the horizontal.

The laser aiming device 1 is installed, and is horizontally positioned with respect to the circumferential direction of the pipe (direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the pipe) by a rod bubble tube (not shown) provided on the upper surface of the laser aiming device 1. Adjust so that

Next, the control device 4 is operated from the operation panel 49.
Input the set inclination angle θ into 5. The controller 45 drives the gradient setting motor 38 via the gradient controller 48. The third slide nut 34 is moved upward via the drive gear 37, the driven gear 36, and the third screw 33 to tilt the tilt lever 15 in the direction opposite to the set angle θ. The tilt lever 15 rotates integrally with the tilting plate 42, and the rotation angle of the tilting plate 42 is detected by the encoder 43 and fed back to the gradient controller 48. When the angle detected by the encoder 43 becomes equal to the set angle, the gradient setting motor 38 is stopped.

The controller 45 includes the vertical angle controller 47.
Drive the vertical angle adjusting motor 32 via the drive gear 31, the driven gear 30, and the second screw 27 to move the second slide nut 28, and drive the laser oscillator 11 and the tilt lever via the pin 29. Tilt 15 together. The vertical angle adjusting motor 32 is driven until the angle detected by the tilt sensor 16 becomes zero.

The controller 45 controls the tilt sensor 16 to operate.
The vertical angle adjusting motor 32 is stopped when the reference level is detected, and the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator 11 is set to the set angle θ. This set angle is displayed on the display 50.

After setting the tilt angle, the horizontal angle adjusting motor 2
6, the horizontal angle adjusting mechanism 17 scans the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillation device 11 in the horizontal direction, and the laser beam irradiates the intersection of the crosshairs 63 based on the detection of the target 61. Set the horizontal direction of the reference line.

When the laser aiming device is used to set the gradient once and then the laser aiming device is further installed, the laser oscillating device does not necessarily have to be horizontally set again. No matter what angle the main body is installed, the previously set angle can be obtained by the encoder, so the difference from the newly set angle can be calculated, and when the tilt sensor reaches the reference level, It becomes the set angle.

The gradient setting motor 38 is a pulse motor,
Needless to say, a motor such as a DC motor or a servo motor can be used, and further, the encoder 43 may be mechanically connected to the tilting plate 42, and is connected to the horizontal shaft 12 via a shaft joint. Alternatively, they may be connected via a motion transmitting means such as a gear. Further, since the encoder 43 detects the actual inclination angle, the inclination may be displayed on the inclination setting indicator provided at a required position of the laser aiming device. Further, the tilt sensor 16 is not limited to the tilting plate 42, and may be provided at a position that tilts integrally with the tilt lever 15, such as the tilt lever 15. Further, the encoder 43 may be either an optical type or a magnetic type.

Next, the present invention has a function of detecting the center of the target 61, and this center detection function enables an automatic adjustment function when the irradiation position of the laser beam is moved due to, for example, vibration. .

First, the laser aiming device 10 is horizontally installed at a starting point, and the target 61 is installed at a target position. The laser aiming device 10 is operated to irradiate the laser beam 58, and the left and right of the irradiation direction and the inclination are roughly set manually. After setting, activate automatic adjustment.

The horizontal angle adjusting motor 26 is rotated, the first screw 20 is rotated, and the laser oscillation device 11 of the laser aiming device 10 is rotated about the vertical axis 14 via the first slide nut 21 and the pin 23. It is reciprocally rotated in the horizontal direction, and the parallel laser beam 58 is horizontally reciprocally scanned. In horizontal scanning, reciprocal scanning is performed while gradually moving upward or downward. If it is not detected, the scanning range is expanded and scanning is performed again.

When the laser beam 58 crosses the target 61, the reflected light 5 from the left reflecting surface 64 and the right reflecting surface 65.
8'is incident on the laser oscillator 11, and the reflected laser beam detector 51 detects the reflected light 58 '. The received light signal from the reflected laser beam detector 51 is, as shown in FIG. 7, pulsed with the same width and shape at predetermined intervals.
When the signal from the reflected laser beam detector 51 is a pulse having the same width at a predetermined interval, the control device 45 recognizes that the reflected light received is from the target 61, and the two received light signals. The horizontal barycentric position, that is, the intersection of the cross lines 63 in the horizontal direction is calculated. The calculation result is stored in the control device 45 and displayed on the display 50 as a horizontal angle. Further, the control device 45 controls the horizontal adjustment controller 46 to drive the horizontal angle adjustment motor 26 based on the calculation result, and sets the irradiation direction of the laser beam 58 to the calculated direction, and matches the horizontal center of gravity position. Let

When the position of the horizontal center of gravity is calculated, the angular difference between the left reflecting surface 64 and the right reflecting surface 65 in the irradiation direction of the laser beam is obtained. Further, since the distance between the left reflecting surface 64 and the right reflecting surface 65 is a known value, the distance from the laser aiming device 10 to the target 61 depends on the angle difference and the distance between the left reflecting surface 64 and the right reflecting surface 65. The distance can be measured.

When the irradiation position in the horizontal direction is set, the vertical angle adjusting motor 32 is driven to drive the second screw 2
7 is rotated, the laser oscillation device 11 is tilted about the horizontal shaft 12 through the second slide nut 28, the pin 29, and the swing frame 13 in the vertical direction at a required angle, and scanning in the vertical direction is started.

In the state of the received light signal from the reflected laser beam detector 51, the controller 45 calculates the vertical center of gravity position, that is, the intersection of the cross lines 63 in the vertical direction. The calculation result is displayed as a vertical angle on the display 50, and the control device 45 controls the vertical angle controller 47 based on the calculation result to drive the vertical angle adjusting motor 32,
The irradiation direction of the laser beam 58 is further matched with the vertical center of gravity position. Thus, the laser beam 58 is set in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the irradiation point of the parallel laser beam 58 coincides with the intersection of the cross lines 63.

Next, by providing a liquid crystal shutter on the reflecting surface, it is possible to prevent noise reduction in the light receiving state of the reflected light 58 '.

Liquid crystal shutters are further attached to the surfaces of the left reflective surface 64, the right reflective surface 65, the upper reflective surface 66, and the lower reflective surface 67 of the target 61, and the liquid crystal shutters are provided at desired positions of the target 61, for example, the rear surface. A shutter control circuit is provided for driving the shutters at different frequencies. Further, the reflected laser beam detector 51 is provided with an electric filter tuned to the frequency of the liquid crystal shutter.

When the liquid crystal shutter is driven, the reflected light is blocked in accordance with the opening and closing of the liquid crystal shutter and is modulated by the driving frequency of the liquid crystal shutter. Further, the reflected laser beam detector 51 can detect only the reflected light from the target 61 by passing through the electrical filter, and the noise from other unnecessary reflectors can be removed and the detection accuracy can be improved. improves. The left reflecting surface 64, the right reflecting surface 65,
The liquid crystal shutters provided on the upper reflection surface 66 and the lower reflection surface 67 may be opened / closed at the same frequency or may be opened / closed at different frequencies. If you open and close at different frequencies,
Each of the left reflecting surface 64, the right reflecting surface 65, and the upper reflecting surface 6
6. The lower reflection surface 67 can be individually recognized.

The reflecting surface of the target 61 is the left reflecting surface 6
4, the right reflecting surface 65, the upper reflecting surface 66, and the lower reflecting surface 67 may be continuous, and the width of the reflecting surface may be changed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Furthermore, a plurality of reflecting surfaces are provided along the scanning line to form a desired pattern, and the pattern is recognized from the received light signal obtained by scanning, and it is recognized that the received light signal is from the target. The center of the target may be determined from the pattern.

Next, the measurement of the tilt angle of the tunnel 1 by the laser sighting device 10 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The target 61 is installed at one end of the tunnel 1 and the laser aiming device 10 is installed at the other end. The target 61 has a structure such that, when the target 61 is installed on the concrete pipe 2, the irradiation center (the intersection of the cross lines 63) coincides with the center of the concrete pipe 2. For example, the target 61 is placed on the inner surface of the concrete pipe 2 via two support points 68, the two support points 68 and the irradiation center form an isosceles triangle, and the irradiation center and the support point 6
The distance between 8 is equal to the radius of the concrete pipe 2, and so on.

Similarly, the laser aiming device 10 includes a support leg 4
The laser beam emitting center of the laser aiming device 10 is installed on the concrete pipe 2 through 1 and substantially coincides with the center of the concrete pipe 2.

When the laser aiming device 10 is operated, the laser aiming device 10 automatically detects the irradiation center of the target 61 by the above-described operation, and matches the irradiation position of the laser beam with the irradiation center of the target 61. At this time, the irradiation direction of the concrete pipe, the laser beam, and the tilt angle of the tilt sensor match the tilt of the tunnel 1.

Next, the tilt setting motor 38 is driven so that the tilt sensor is horizontal, that is, the tilt controller 48, and the detection result of the tilt sensor 16 is set to the horizontal position. The angle from the state where the laser beam irradiates the irradiation center of the target 61 until the detection result of the tilt sensor 16 indicates a horizontal position is detected by the encoder 43, and the detected result is the tilt angle of the tunnel 1. This tilt angle is displayed on the display 50. Thus, the tilt angle is measured, the measurement result can be easily known by the display unit 50, and the laser sighting device 1 is used for the measurement work.
It is only necessary to install 0 and the target 61 in the tunnel 1, and one operator can perform measurement. Furthermore, as described above, distance measurement can also be performed together.

Next, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, in order to improve the detection accuracy of the reflected light 58 'by the reflected laser beam detector 51, further increase the amount of information by the detection of the reflected light 58'. The laser beam emitted from the laser aiming device 10 is circularly polarized. The laser beam transmitted through the half mirror 59 is further divided into 1 / 4λ birefringent member 7
1 to be a circularly polarized laser beam, and a laser aiming device 1
Let's start from 0.

Target 90 used in this embodiment
Is shown in FIG.

The target 90 is the target 6 described above.
The left reflective surface 64, the right reflective surface 65, the upper reflective surface 66, and the lower reflective surface 67 of 1 are further provided with a 1 / 4λ birefringent member, and the polarized reflective surfaces 77, 78, 79, 80 are provided. is there.

The circularly polarized laser beam 58 emitted from the laser aiming device 10 is the polarized reflection surface 7 of the target 90.
The circularly polarized laser beam 58 'having a different polarization direction from the circularly polarized laser beam 58 irradiated by being reflected by 7, 78, 79, 80 becomes. The circularly polarized laser beam 58 'is 1 /
By being transmitted through the 4λ birefringent member 71, the linearly polarized laser beam emitted from the laser beam emitting section 55 is 90 °.
It becomes a linearly polarized laser beam with different polarization directions. The circularly polarized laser beam 58 'passes through the polarizing plate 72 and is received by the reflected laser beam detector 51, and the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 72 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the target 90. The polarization direction is set to match the polarization direction of light transmitted through the / 4λ birefringent member 71.

Thus, the reflected laser beam detector 51 receives only the laser beam emitted from the laser aiming device 10 reflected by the polarized reflection surfaces 77, 78, 79, 80, and the sunlight. Even if the ambient light reflected by the unnecessary reflector enters, it is cut and the detection accuracy is improved. When the irradiation position of the target 90 is obtained, as in the case of the target 61, the horizontal direction of the center of gravity of the reflected light is obtained by scanning the laser beam in the horizontal direction, and then the vertical direction is obtained by the reflected light. The vertical position of the center of gravity may be obtained.

Next, examples of other targets will be described with reference to FIGS.
6 will be described.

The target 91 shown in FIG. 13 has a reflecting surface 8
1, 82 are symmetrical upright triangles and inverted right triangles.

The circularly polarized laser beam 58 'from the target 91 is in the form of two pulses, and the left and right pulse widths change depending on the scanning position of the laser beam. It is a position that passes through the intersection, and the horizontal position of the cross line 63 can also be detected by calculating the center of gravity of the left and right pulse widths. Therefore, by using the target 91, it is possible to set the position of the intersection and the irradiation center of the cross line 63 by moving the scanning position in the vertical direction while scanning in the horizontal direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to stop the movement in the horizontal direction and perform the scanning in the vertical direction to obtain the center position in the vertical direction like the targets 61 and 90 shown in FIGS. 6 and 12, and the work efficiency is improved. .

The target 92 shown in FIG. 14 is basically the same as the target 91, and is symmetrical with an erected right angle 3 with a strip-shaped non-reflective surface 83 having reflective surfaces 81 and 82 provided along a diagonal line. The target plate 92 has a rectangular shape and an inverted right-angled triangular shape, and is provided in one corner of the target plate 92. Since the distances between the reflective surfaces 81, 82 and the non-reflective surface 83 and the cross line 63 are known, the intersection points of the cross lines 63 can be determined by determining the centers of the reflective surfaces 81, 82 and the non-reflective surface 83. .

The target 93 shown in FIG. 15 is provided with an upright right-angled triangular reflective surface 81 and an inverted right-angled triangular non-reflective surface 84 in contact with each other, and a strip-shaped reflective surface along the non-reflective surface 84. 85 is provided. When the laser beam scans the reflective surface 81, the non-reflective surface 84, and the reflective surface 85 in the horizontal direction, the reflective surface 8 is emitted from the target 93.
1 and there is pulsed reflected light from the reflecting surface 85, the width of the pulse of the reflected light from the reflecting surface 81 and the width from the pulse to the pulse of the reflected light from the reflecting surface 85 (width of the non-reflecting surface 84) By detecting the same state, the irradiation center of the target 93 can be detected in the same manner as described above.

A target 94 shown in FIG. 16 has three strip-shaped reflecting surfaces 86 arranged in an N-shape. When a laser beam scans the target 94 in the horizontal direction, the target 94 is separated by three. When there is pulsed reflected light of the same width, and the intervals of the pulsed reflected light of the three are the same, it is the position that passes through the intersection of the cross lines 63. The irradiation center can be detected.

Needless to say, the targets shown in FIGS. 13 to 16 can be used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 unless a 1 / 4λ birefringent member is provided on the reflecting surface.
Furthermore, the shape of the reflecting surface may be one of an upright triangular shape or an inverted triangular shape. In this case, laser beam crosshairs 6
The width when the scanning line passing through the intersection of 3 crosses the reflecting surface may be measured in advance, and the width may be set and input to the control device 45 as a comparison value. Or, the shape of the reflecting surface is the maximum value,
The shape having a minimum value may be adopted, and the control device 45 may detect the extreme value.

Next, FIG. 11 shows another embodiment, in which the following configuration is added to the embodiment shown in FIG.

A half mirror 73 is provided between the half mirror 59 and the focusing lens 60, and the circularly polarized laser beam 58 ′ reflected by the half mirror 73 is reflected by the focusing lens 74 and the polarizing plate 75. Let the light enter the detector 76,
The received light signal from the reflected laser beam detector 76 is input to the control device 45. The polarizing plate 72 and the polarizing plate 75
Indicates that the polarization direction is changed by 90 °, and the reflected laser beam detector 51 and the reflected laser beam detector 76 can detect linearly polarized laser beams whose polarization directions are different by 90 °. Further, the control device 45 compares and calculates the laser beam reception signal from the reflected laser beam detector 51 and the laser beam reception signal from the reflected laser beam detector 76.

Target 95 used in the present embodiment
17, the entire shape of the reflecting surface is a vertically long rectangular shape, and the reflecting surface is divided into two by diagonal lines, one of which is a polarization conversion reflecting surface 87 and the other of which is a polarized light. The storage reflecting surface 88 is formed. The erecting triangular polarization conversion reflection surface 87 has a 1/4 λ birefringent member on the surface, converts the polarization direction of the incident laser beam and reflects it, and the inverted triangular polarization preserving reflection surface 88 receives the incident laser beam. Preserves the polarization direction of light rays and reflects them.

The circularly polarized laser beam 58 is applied to the target 9
5 is scanned in the horizontal direction, the polarization conversion reflection surface 87
The polarization direction of the circularly polarized laser beam 58 'reflected by the laser beam is converted, transmitted through the ¼λ birefringent member 71, and further, the polarization direction of the laser beam transmitted through the half mirror 73 coincides with that of the polarizing plate 72. , The reflected laser beam detector 51
Is detected by The circularly polarized laser beam 58 ′ reflected by the half mirror 73 has a polarization direction different from that of the polarizing plate 75 and is cut by the polarizing plate 75 and does not enter the reflected laser beam detector 76.

The circularly polarized laser beam 58 'reflected by the polarization preserving / reflecting surface 88 is a reflected beam whose polarization direction is preserved, and the polarization direction of the laser beam transmitted through the 1 / 4λ birefringent member 71 is the above-mentioned polarization direction. It matches the plate 75, and the polarizing plate 7
2 does not match. Therefore, light does not enter the reflected laser beam detector 51, but only enters the reflected laser beam detector 76. The control device 45 compares the received light signals of the reflected laser beam detector 51 and the reflected laser beam detector 76, and when the signal pulse widths from the detectors 51 and 76 of both reflected laser beams are equal, The center of the cross line 63 is set to a position where the circularly polarized laser beam 58 passes. Since the distance between the center of the entire reflecting surface of the target 95 and the intersection of the cross line 63 is known, the irradiation center of the target 95 can be calculated.

A target 96 shown in FIG. 18 uses a transparent and semitransparent translucent material for the target plate 62, and has an index 8 having a center on the back surface which coincides with the intersection of the cross lines 63.
9 is printed or engraved so that the irradiation position of the circularly polarized laser beam 58 can be confirmed from the reflection surface side.

[0080]

As described above, according to the present invention, the irradiation positions in the vertical and horizontal directions can be matched with the center of the target without rotating the target, which eliminates the need for an auxiliary worker and eliminates time loss, thus improving work efficiency. The structure is simple because the target rotation mechanism is not needed, and the optical system is simplified because there is no need to use polarized light to find the center, and noise is removed by providing a liquid crystal shutter. Therefore, it has an excellent effect of preventing malfunction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a main part of a laser aiming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of the laser aiming device according to the embodiment.

3 (A), (B) and (C) are operation explanatory views.

FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an optical system of the laser oscillation device according to the previous embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a target used in the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of a light reception signal obtained by irradiating the target with a laser beam.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for measuring a tilt angle of a tunnel by the laser reference level setting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a target used for the tilt angle measurement and the tunnel 1.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing another example of the optical system of the laser oscillator provided in the laser reference level setting device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing still another example of the optical system of the laser oscillator provided in the laser reference level setting device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the target.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the target.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the target.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the target.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the target.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the target.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the target.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional tunnel tilt angle measuring method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tunnel 2 Concrete Pipe 10 Laser Aiming Device 11 Laser Oscillating Device 16 Tilt Sensor 17 Horizontal Angle Adjusting Mechanism 18 Vertical Angle Adjusting Mechanism 19 Tilt Sensor Tilt Mechanism 43 Encoder 45 Controller 48 Gradient Controller 50 Indicator 61 Target 90 Target 91 Target 92 Target 93 target 94 target 95 target

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A laser reference level setting target having a plurality of reflecting surfaces, wherein the reflecting surfaces are provided symmetrically with respect to the center of the target with a required distance therebetween. 2. The laser reference level setting target according to claim 1, wherein reflecting surfaces are provided symmetrically in the vertical and horizontal directions. 3. The laser reference level setting target according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of reflecting surfaces are provided so that a desired pattern is formed along the scanning direction. 4. The laser reference level setting target according to claim 1, wherein a liquid crystal shutter is provided on the reflecting surface. 5. A laser reference level setting target, wherein the reflecting surface is provided at a position separated from the center of the target by a required distance. 6. The laser reference level setting target according to claim 1, which has a shape in which at least one width of the reflecting surface gradually changes. 7. The laser reference level setting target according to claim 1, wherein a width of at least one of the reflecting surfaces of at least one of the reflecting surfaces is gradually changed. 8. The target for laser reference level setting according to claim 1, wherein the target plate is made of a light-transmissive material, and an index for confirming the irradiation position of the laser beam is provided on the back surface side of the target. 9. The laser reference level setting target according to claim 1, wherein a ¼λ birefringent member is provided on at least one of the reflecting surfaces. 10. A laser aiming device and a target, wherein the target has a reflecting surface for indicating a predetermined position on the target, and the laser aiming device emits a laser beam rotatably supported. A laser oscillating device having a means for receiving a reflected laser beam, a drive device for rotating at least a laser beam emitting means of the laser oscillating device, and the laser device according to a reflected laser beam receiving state from a reflecting surface of the target. A laser reference level setting device comprising: a control unit that controls the driving device so as to direct a laser beam to a predetermined position of a target. 11. A tilt angle detecting means for detecting a vertical rotation angle of a laser transmission device, and a tilt sensor for detecting a horizontal direction.
A laser reference level setting device comprising: a tilt angle detection means; and a display unit that displays a tilt angle of a laser beam based on detection by the tilt sensor. 12. The liquid crystal shutter is provided on the reflecting surface of the target, and the light receiving means of the laser aiming device is provided with an electric filter which is synchronized with the opening / closing frequency of the liquid crystal shutter.
0 laser reference level setting device. 13. The laser beam emitting means irradiates a circularly polarized laser beam through a ¼λ birefringent member, and the light receiving means has a polarizing plate and discriminates a laser beam reflected by a target and incident. Laser reference level setting device. 14. The laser reference level setting device according to claim 10, wherein the control device calculates the barycentric position of the received light signal and obtains the center of the target from the barycentric position. 15. The laser reference level setting device according to claim 10, wherein the control device calculates the pulse width of the received light signal and obtains the target center from the pulse width. 16. A control device calculates a scanning rotation angle of a laser beam based on a pulse width of a received light signal, and calculates a distance between the laser oscillation device and the target from the size of the target corresponding to the scanning rotation angle and the pulse width. The laser reference level setting device according to claim 10, which performs calculation.