JPH0978559A - Prostratable weir - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a prostaratable weir facilitating the movement of fish to the upstream side or the downstream side with a simple structure. SOLUTION: This prostratable weir is provided with an upstream side sheathing board 4 rotatably fitted with the upstream edge to a spindle 2a fixed in the width direction of a riverbed 2, a downstream side sheathing board 3 rotatably connected with the upstream edge to a spindle 3a provided on the downstream edge of the upstream side sheathing board 4 and slid with the downstream edge on the riverbed 2, and a driving means 5 erecting or prostrating both sheathing boards 3, 4. A fish ladder 11 inclined in the flowing direction is formed from the upstream edge of the downstream side sheathing board 3 to the downstream edge.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fishway that blocks rivers, drainage channels, etc., and enables fish (including crabs, mud eels, eels, etc.) to move upstream (or downstream). The present invention relates to a dam-type dam having a height of more than 15 m and a normal weir, or an undulating weir that can be used as a floodgate or a valve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, weirs provided in rivers include a gate weir, an overturn weir, a rubber weir, and the like, all of which have various problems. That is, in order to allow fish and the like to move to the upstream side (or the downstream side) of each weir, a fishway is provided so as to bypass the weir, or an elevator or the like appropriately conveys the fish to the upstream side (or the downstream side). Etc.
It had to be a large structure.

The inventor of the present invention invented an undulating weir to solve these problems and has already filed an application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-1).
No. 80009). This undulating weir has an upstream weir plate whose one end edge is rotatably attached to a support shaft fixed in the width direction of the river bed, and one end edge of a support shaft provided at the other end edge part of the upstream weir plate. The downstream side weir plate, which is rotatably connected to each other, and whose other end edge slides on the river bed, and the drive means for raising or lowering the both weir plates are provided. With this configuration, fish or the like can be moved directly on the downstream dam plate to the upstream side (or the downstream side).

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned undulating weir, any fish can be found upstream (or downstream).
It is necessary to maintain the gradient of the downstream dam plate to be 1/10 or less so that it can be smoothly moved toward. Therefore, if the standing height of the upstream weir plate is increased to increase the amount of weir, the size of the downstream weir plate to the downstream side is increased accordingly, and it is put into practical use in terms of installation cost, occupied space, etc. May not be suitable for.

Further, if the flow rate decreases, the flow will be such that fish or the like cannot move upstream on the upper surface of the downstream dam plate. That is, there arises a problem that a desired overflow height cannot be obtained. On the contrary, if it is desired to secure a desired overflow height, it will not function as a weir. Such a problem of overflow height also occurs when the flow state of the river changes and the flow rate becomes uneven.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide an undulating weir that has a simple structure and facilitates the movement of fish or the like upstream or downstream.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an upstream weir plate having an upstream edge rotatably attached in the width direction of a river bed and a downstream edge of the upstream weir plate. In an undulating weir having a downstream side weir plate whose upstream edge is rotatably connected to a provided support shaft and whose downstream edge slides on a river bed, the downstream side weir plate flows down from the upstream edge to the downstream edge. It forms a fishway that inclines with respect to the direction. According to this, the gradient of the fishway can be made smaller than that of the downstream weir plate, and regardless of the standing position of both weir plates, fish (crab, mud eel, eel etc.) to the upstream side (or the downstream side). It is possible to move. Moreover, since the fishway is directly provided on the downstream weir plate, the fishway length can be minimized,
It is possible to smoothly move fish or the like to the upstream side (or the downstream side). (Claim 1)

[0008] It is preferable that the fishway is formed so that the slope thereof is 1/10 or less regardless of the standing positions of the both dam plates. (Claim 2)

Further, it is preferable that the fishway is formed by a concave groove. Various shapes such as a semicircle, a rectangle, and an inverted triangle can be adopted as the sectional shape of the groove. In the groove, the fishway does not obstruct the running water even when both dam plates are flatly tumbled, and there is no concern that dust will be caught or sand will be accumulated. Moreover, because the flow resistance of water is large in the groove, the flow velocity is slower than that of the surface of the other downstream dam plate, and fish and the like are easily moved to the upstream side. (Claim 3)

It is preferable that the downstream dam plate is provided with a lid body that closes the upper opening of the concave groove from the upstream side and that can adjust the closing size. According to this, even if the groove is not so deep, the fish or the like is less likely to receive the resistance to water flow and is appropriately protected from the external enemy such as the bird. The closing dimension of the lid body is adjusted by forming a long hole in the lid body and screwing it to the downstream dam plate through the long hole, or connecting the lid body and the downstream dam plate with a plurality of holes. It may be configured such that the rods are rotatably connected and the operation portion extending to the riverbank side is operated in the river width direction to change the rotational position of the connecting rod. (Claim 4)

The fishway may be formed of a plurality of grooves, and the intermediate portions of the grooves may intersect so as to communicate with each other. The end of each groove may be opened at various positions such as both sides of the upstream edge and the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate, the intermediate portion, etc., and may be designed arbitrarily according to the running water situation of the river. Good. According to this, when a fish or the like moves to the upstream side (or the downstream side), it is possible to select a route that can be easily moved or can be moved according to the difference in the amount of water or the flow velocity. (Claim 5)

The fishway may be composed of a downstream dam plate, a partition wall protruding from the downstream dam plate, and a groove portion formed on the upstream side of the partition wall. In a state in which both dam plates are erected at a predetermined height, a part of the running water from the upstream side flows down the groove-like portion, and the rest passes over the partition wall and flows down on the downstream dam plate. Since the groove portion is inclined with respect to the downstream direction and has a predetermined gradient, fish and the like can move toward the upstream side. Moreover, since the flow velocity is slow in the groove portion,
Fish are also easy to move. In addition, the partition wall, while being able to design the fishway position appropriately according to the running water situation of the river,
Even if the running water situation changes, it is possible to respond flexibly so that water can surely flow into the fishway. That is, since the partition wall has a simple structure in which the partition wall only projects from the downstream weir plate, it is possible to easily change the position of the groove portion which will be the fishway thereafter. (Claim 6)

It is preferable that the partition wall is rotatably provided between a position where a groove is formed between the partition wall and the downstream dam plate and a position where the downstream wall is folded. According to this, even if both the weir plates are turned over, the partition wall can be folded so as not to project upward, and dust or the like will not be caught or flow will not be obstructed. (Claim 7)

The fishway may be constituted by a groove member rotatably provided along the upper surface of the downstream dam plate around the upstream edge side. The groove member has a cross section of approximately C
A long member having various cross-sectional shapes, such as a V-shape, a substantially U-shaped cross-section, and a substantially V-shaped cross-section, may be used, and the intermediate portion may be bendable. According to this, it is possible to make the groove member have a desired slope according to the standing position of both the dam plates, and to make it possible to always move the fish toward the upstream side. (Claim 8)

The fishway may be composed of a tubular body provided in the groove. According to this, the fish flowing in the fishway is completely protected from the surroundings, so that the fish can move to the upstream side without fear of external enemies. In this case, if necessary, a through hole may be formed in the tubular body so that the running water flowing down the upper surface of the downstream dam plate can also be supplied into the tubular body. (Claim 9)

Further, it is preferable that the most upstream position of the fishway extends further upstream along the upstream dam plate. According to this, even if the water level of the river becomes low, or even if eels and crabs that move on the river bottom can be moved, it is possible to respond without changing the standing position of both weir plates. . Further, if the fishway is formed of a tubular body, even if the upstream water level drops and does not overflow, the siphon principle causes the water to flow down through the tubular body to the downstream side. The fish can be moved upstream and downstream without changing the standing position of the plate.
(Claim 10)

The fishway may have a bent portion at least at one place. According to this, even if the river width is narrow and the desired slope cannot be obtained only by inclining the fishway as described above, it can be sufficiently dealt with. (Claim 11)

It is preferable to form a retention part in the middle of the fishway because the fish can move comfortably to the upstream side while resting in the retention part. In this case, it is needless to say that the position where the retaining portion is provided may be the bent portion or may be provided in the middle of the inclined portion. (Claim 12)

It is preferable that a straight line portion extending in the downstream direction is formed on at least one end of the fishway.
According to this, when the fish moves toward the upstream side or the downstream side, it can easily enter the fishway through the straight portion. It is more preferable that the connecting portion between the linear portion and the inclined portion is formed in an arc shape so that the fish can move smoothly. (Claim 13)

It is preferable to form a plurality of protrusions on the inner surface of the fishway. According to this, the running water in the fishway can be made smooth along the protruding portion, and the fish can be easily moved to the upstream side. The projecting portion is not limited to a hemispherical bulge, but may have various shapes such as a plurality of slanting protrusions arranged in parallel. The protrusions are formed by various methods such as spraying particles onto the inner surface of the fishway to attach them, forming the plate itself constituting the fishway by pressing, or sticking a sheet having the protrusions. be able to. (Claim 14)

[0021] It is preferable to form a groove portion continuous to the downstream end portion of the fishway toward the downstream side in the river bed where the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate slides. According to this, regardless of the sliding position of the downstream edge of the downstream dam, the running water from the downstream end of the fishway can always be guided to the groove, and the fish can move freely upstream (or downstream). It is possible to Further, even if the water level of the river decreases, it is possible to maintain the water level in which the fish can move until the end. (Claim 15)

It is preferable that a slide contact member that slides in the groove is provided at the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate. As the sliding contact member, a member formed of a plurality of elastic string-shaped members, a hard rod-shaped member, or the like can be used. According to this,
Even if particles such as sand and gravel are arranged in the groove, algae, dust, and the like can be removed from the particles by the sliding contact member, and an environment where fish and the like are easily moved is maintained. be able to. (Claim 16)

[0023] It is preferable to attach an auxiliary plate to the upstream side weir plate, excluding the most upstream position of the fishway, so that the projecting dimension of the downstream side obliquely upward can be adjusted. According to this, by adjusting the protruding size of the auxiliary plate, it is possible to block the running water at a position higher than the standing position of both the dam plates. In this case, since the auxiliary plate is not provided at the most upstream position of the fishway, the fish ascending along the fishway can smoothly move to the upstream side. In particular, since the fishway corresponds to the lower-layer region where the flow is slow, it is convenient for the fish to move upstream. Further, even when the amount of water becomes small, water flows in the fishway of the downstream dam plate, so that the downstream dam plate does not rise in temperature excessively due to solar radiation, and the deformation of the downstream dam plate can be prevented. (Claim 17)

It is preferable that the auxiliary plate is attached so as not to be located at the upstream position of the most downstream part of the fishway. According to this, the amount of water in the most downstream part of the fishway becomes larger than that in other parts, and the splashes rise, so that the fish easily react in response to this sound and gather. Also, the more water the fish has, the easier it is for the fish to move upstream. (Claim 18)

A flat surface may be formed by bending near one of the connecting portions of each of the dam plates, and both edges of the flat surface are preferably chamfered. According to this, the fish can smoothly move toward the upstream side (or the downstream side) via the flat surface. Moreover, even if the fish are washed away on the downstream side when the water level rises, no injury or death will occur. In addition, when both the dam plates are set in a predetermined standing position so that the flat surface is horizontal, the flat surface can be used as a sidewalk, and walking on the flat surface causes problems such as a damaged portion. It is also possible to easily move to a certain part. (Claim 19)

The dam plate may have a structure in which flat plates are integrally opposed to each other at a predetermined interval via a plurality of ribs. According to this, although the weir plate is lightweight, it can be made highly rigid and can withstand a large water pressure sufficiently. (Claim 20)

Each of the weir plates may further be provided with an automatic auxiliary undulating weir having an upstream auxiliary weir plate, a downstream auxiliary weir plate, and an auxiliary drive means of substantially the same structure capable of adjusting the amount of water. According to this, compared with the case where the auxiliary plate is provided, not only the water level can be adjusted in a wider range, but also the amount of water flowing down in the fishway can be easily adjusted. (Claim 21)

An upstream side dam plate having one end edge rotatably attached to a support shaft fixed in the width direction of the riverbed, and one end edge on a support shaft provided at the other end side edge part of the upstream side dam plate. In an undulating weir having a downstream side weir plate whose end portions are rotatably connected and whose other end edge slides on a river bed, both the weir plates have opening / closing means and fish and the like can move. Each of the through holes is formed. According to this, first, the through hole formed in the upstream dam plate is opened, and the upstream running water is introduced into the internal space formed by both dam plates and the river bed. Then, after the through-hole of the upstream dam plate is once closed by the opening / closing means, the through-hole of the downstream dam plate is opened to allow the fish to move into the internal space. Then, by closing the through hole of the downstream dam plate, by opening the through hole of the upstream dam plate,
The fish in the internal space can be moved upstream. Since the water pressure acting on the downstream weir plate becomes large when the through hole of the upstream weir plate is opened, the downstream weir plate can withstand this water pressure similarly to the upstream weir plate. Is preferably set. (Claim 22)

An upstream weir plate having an upstream edge rotatably attached to a support shaft fixed in the width direction of the river bed, and an upstream edge rotatably attached to a support shaft provided at the downstream edge of the upstream weir plate. Connected to
A plurality of undulating weirs with a downstream weir plate whose downstream edge slides on the riverbed are arranged side by side in the river width direction, and a guide wall is erected from the riverbed so that there is no gap between the undulating weirs. When the standing position is the same for each undulating weir, a fishway located on the same straight line is formed, and even if the standing position of each undulating weir is changed on the guide wall, the fishway can be positioned on the same straight line. For example, the fishway and the escape recess may communicate with each other on the upstream side and the downstream side by forming an escape recess communicating with them. According to this, even when the width dimension of the river is large, it is possible to cope with it by the undulating weir, and it is possible to set the slope of the fishway sufficiently small. Moreover, since both the dam plates are guided by the guide wall, the strength is excellent, and even if the standing positions of the dam plates are slightly changed, the escape recesses formed in the guide walls allow the fishway to communicate properly. (Claim 23)

[0030]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an undulating weir 1 according to the first embodiment, except for a undulating weir according to a conventional example except for a fishway 11 formed on a downstream side weir plate 4 described below. The configuration is almost the same. That is, the undulating weir 1 includes an upstream weir plate 3 having an upstream edge rotatably provided around a support shaft 2a on a river bed 2 made of concrete, and a support provided on the downstream edge of the upstream weir plate 3. A downstream dam plate 4 which is rotatably connected to an upstream edge around the shaft 3a and whose downstream edge slides on the river bed 2,
A drive means 5 for raising or lowering the both dam plates 3 and 4 is provided.

The both dam plates 3 and 4 are provided with a rust preventive steel plate, a reinforced plastic board, a sandwich structure plate having resin plates on both sides of the steel plate, and steel plates arranged at predetermined intervals. A honeycomb structure plate or the like connected by a plurality of ribs can be used, and sealing members 6 made of waterproof rubber, plastic, or the like are provided on both sides (the front edge in the figure is not shown).
Are integrated.

On both sides of the river where the weir plates 3 and 4 are arranged, side walls 7 (the front side in the figure is omitted) made of concrete or the like are formed continuously with the river bed 2, and the sealing member is formed. A metal 8 is integrated in a portion where 6 slides. As a material that can be used for the metal 8, for example, stainless steel (SUS
304), carbon steel (SS400) and the like. Of course, when using carbon steel, it is necessary to prevent its surface from rusting by painting.

In addition, the drive means 5 includes an upstream dam plate 3
It is possible to employ a mechanism in which the cylinder is rotated by a cylinder, a motor is driven, and the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4 is pulled via a wire or the like (a cylinder is used in the present embodiment). An appropriate number may be arranged according to the above. However, when the undulating weir 1 is formed at a low cost, the driving means 5 is not always necessary, and a structure capable of maintaining the erection weir 1 at a predetermined standing position so as to prevent the standing weir 1 from falling is provided. The standing position can be changed by. As a structure for maintaining the standing position of the undulating weir 1, for example, both ends of the support shaft 3a are fixed to both banks with wires or the like, or the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4 is appropriately erected from the riverbed 2. It is possible to employ a structure in which it is supported by the supporting member.

A groove portion 9 is formed in the river bed 2 along which the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4 slides. The groove 9 is provided in the vicinity of both banks of a river where fish and the like (including crabs, mud eels, and eels) often move. Further, regardless of the sliding position of the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4, the downstream dam plate 4 communicates with the recessed groove 12 of the downstream dam plate 4 described below. However, it goes without saying that the groove 9 can be provided in various places such as the central part of the river according to the difference or change in the flowing water state. A groove 9 is formed in the river bed 2 along which the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4 slides. The groove 9 is provided in the vicinity of both banks of a river where fish and the like (including crabs, mud eels, and eels) often move. Further, regardless of the sliding position of the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4, the downstream dam plate 4 communicates with the recessed groove 12 of the downstream dam plate 4 described below. However, it goes without saying that the groove 9 can be provided in various places such as the central part of the river according to the difference or change in the flowing water state.

As shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable to provide a sliding contact member 10 slidingly contacting the inside of the groove portion 9 at the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4. As the sliding contact member 10, for example, one composed of a plurality of elastic string-like members, a hard rod-shaped member, or the like can be used, and the granular material such as sand or gravel arranged in the groove portion can be changed to algae or the like. By removing the mosquitoes and making moss more likely to form, an environment in which fish, etc., prefer to move is formed.

A fishway 11 is formed on the downstream dam plate 4. The fishway 11 includes a groove 12 formed in the downstream dam plate 4 and a lid 13 that covers the groove 12. The recessed groove 12 is an inclined portion 1 provided so as to incline with respect to the downflow direction from the upstream edge to the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4.
4 and a straight line portion 15 provided along the downstream direction at the downstream end, and has a semicircular cross section and is formed by pressing or the like. The inclination angle of the inclined portion 14 of the groove 12 is set to a value such that the inclination of the fishway 11 becomes 1/10 or less even when both the dam plates 3 and 4 are erected to the maximum erected position.

The lid 13 is attached so as to cover the concave groove 12 from the upstream side of the downstream dam plate 4. Specifically, a long hole 13a is formed in the lid body 13 in the width direction, and is screwed to the downstream dam plate 4 through the long hole 13a. Therefore, by changing the position of the screw with respect to the elongated hole 13a, it is possible to adjust the projecting (closing) dimension of the lid body 13 that covers the concave groove 12. Thereby, the groove 1
In order to take in a lot of light in 2 (it is effective because fish often dislike moving to a dark place), or to prevent dust and the like from accumulating, the projecting dimension of the lid 13 should be reduced. In order to protect from external enemies (eg, birds), the blockage size may be increased (eg, fully closed). In this case, if the lid 13 is made of a transparent material such as a transparent acrylic plate,
The problem of insufficient light quantity in the fishway 11 does not occur. The lid 13 is not always necessary, and the flow in the concave groove 12 is greatly affected by the flowing water flowing on the upper surface of the downstream weir plate 4 depending on various conditions such as the installation location of the undulating weir 1 and the flow velocity. Not needed if none.

The undulating weir 1 provided with the fishway 11 having the above-mentioned structure is
It is installed at multiple points in the river and dams running water sequentially. Then, the standing positions of both weir plates 3 and 4 are changed and used according to the amount of water in the river. It is preferable that the standing positions of both the dam plates 3 and 4 be slightly lower than the water level. In the undulating weir 1 used in this way, the fish can move upstream as follows.

That is, the fish mainly moves toward the upstream side (or the downstream side) in the groove 9 near both banks. Due to the groove 9 near the both banks, the amount of water is large and the flow velocity is low compared to other portions, so that the fish easily moves. Further, even if the water level of the river drops, a predetermined amount of water is guaranteed by the groove portion 9, and the flowing water on the upstream side flows in from the concave groove 12 formed in the downstream dam plate 4, so movement of fish is hindered. There is no need to be.

Thus, when the fish reaching the undulating weir 1 has a sufficiently high water level and the standing positions of both the weir plates 3 and 4 are low so that the gradient of the downstream weir plate 4 is 1/10 or less. Can pass not only to the fishway 11 of the downstream weir plate 4 but also to other parts to go to the upstream side (or the downstream side).

On the other hand, the water level is low, or the standing positions of both dam plates 3 and 4 are high, and the gradient of the downstream dam plate 4 is 1/1.
When it exceeds 0, the inclined portion 14 can be moved to the upstream side. In this case, the fish moving from the downstream side is the straight part 1 formed in the same direction as the moving direction on the riverbed 2.
After entering 5, you can move to the slope 14. Further, since the fishway 11 has a structure in which the concave groove 12 is covered with the lid body 13, the flow velocity is slow and the movement to the upstream side is easy.

In the first embodiment, the lid 1
As shown in FIG. 3, 3 is connected to a plurality of connecting rods 16 rotatably provided on the upstream side of the concave groove 12 of the downstream dam plate 4, and the rotational positions of these connecting rods 16 are changed. Thus, the protrusion size of the lid 13 with respect to the groove 12 may be adjustable. According to this, by connecting the operation member 17 to the lid body 13 itself, it is possible to adjust the protrusion size from the bank of the river to the recessed groove 12, and the adjustment work is easier than that using the elongated hole 13a. Is.

Although the concave groove 12 is formed in a semi-circular shape, it may be formed in various shapes such as a quadrangle and an inverted triangle. In short, regardless of the standing position of the undulating weir 1, the concave groove 12 is formed. The shape may be such that a predetermined water level can be maintained. However, it is preferable to adopt a configuration in which dust or the like is unlikely to be collected and the shape of the material is smoothly changed into a semicircular shape or the like in order to allow water to flow down smoothly.

Further, although the straight line portion 15 is formed only at the downstream end portion of the concave groove 12, it may be formed only at the upstream end portion or at both end portions.
The straight line portion 15 is formed also at the upstream end portion so that the fish can easily move to the downstream side through the fishway 11. That is, when the gradient of the downstream dam plate 4 is large (1 /
10)), the moving speed of the fish on the downstream weir plate 4 is high, and the risk of scratching is high.
By arranging at the upstream end, it is possible to easily enter the fishway 11 and smoothly move to the downstream without fear of being damaged.

If a plurality of protrusions are provided on the bottom surface of the concave groove 12 to make running water flow smoothly along the protrusions,
Fish etc. can move smoothly toward the upstream side.

The projecting portion is composed of an infinite number of protrusions 18a shown in FIG. 4 (a), and a plurality of protrusions 18b arranged side by side in a downward direction as shown in FIG. 4 (b). Alternatively, various shapes, such as a plurality of ridges 18c that are arranged in parallel at right angles to the flow-down direction shown in FIG. 4C, are applicable. Then, each of the protrusions 18a, 18
b and 18c are formed by spraying particles onto the inner surface of the fishway 11 to attach them, integrating plate members by welding, or the like.
It may be formed by various methods such as forming by pressing on the plate material itself constituting the above, or attaching a sheet having a protruding portion.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, the protrusion has a hollow space 100a and a plurality of through holes 1
You may make it comprised with the block 100 provided with 00b. The block 100 can be made of various high-strength materials such as concrete and reinforced plastic. The block 100 may be fixed or placed not only on the fishway 11 but also on the riverbed 2 formed of concrete or the like. However, it is preferable to fix it so that it will not be washed away when the water level increases. Further, the protruding direction and the length of the block 100 may be freely set, and the point is that it is possible to form a region on the downstream side of the block 100 in which the fish and the like can be prevented from flowing in a more natural state. Good. It is preferable to put seeds such as aquatic plants in the hollow space 100a. The grown water plants and the like extend to the outside of the block 100 through the through holes 100b and do not peel off like the ones extending from the surface of the block to be washed away, so that a state close to nature can always be maintained. . In addition, in the through hole 100b, so that the block 100 is not damaged by cracks or the like due to growth of water plants or the like,
A ring made of metal or the like may be fitted in the through hole 100b, or a protective frame such as an iron plate may be provided on the outer surface.

The fishway 11 has a groove 12 and a lid 13.
However, it may be configured by a tubular member or a groove member having a U-shaped cross section or a U-shaped cross section. These may be directly fixed to the downstream dam plate 4 by welding, bolting or the like, but are preferably rotatably connected to the upstream edge of the downstream dam plate 4. According to this, the slope of the fishway 11 can be freely adjusted regardless of the slope of the downstream dam plate 4. It is preferable that the tubular body and the groove member have a shape that smoothly changes in the downflow direction so that the running water flows smoothly. The tubular body or the grooved portion may be formed by forming a bellows portion at an intermediate portion so as to be bendable or may be configured to have flexibility as a whole, but in this case, the tubular body or the like may be placed at any position. Need to be able to position. In the case of a tubular body, it is made of a transparent material so that light can be taken into the inside, or a plurality of through holes are bored to make the running water on the upper surface of the downstream dam plate 4 or when this running water is small. It is preferable that air (oxygen) can be taken inside.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 5 shows an undulating weir 20 according to a second embodiment. The undulating weir 20 differs from the first embodiment in that the upstream weir plate 21 and the downstream weir plate 2 are provided.
2 and the driving means 23 are common, but the fishway 24 is formed by two concave grooves 25a, 25b having different inclination directions toward the downstream side.
Are different in that they intersect so as to communicate with each other.

The downstream ends of the grooves 25a and 25b are located on both banks of the river. This is because the flow velocity is usually slow in the vicinity of both banks of the river, and the fish prefers the slow flow velocity portion to move to the upstream side, so that the fish can easily enter the fishway 24.

According to the undulating weir 20 having the above-mentioned structure, the fishway 24 is provided in the vicinity of both banks where fish moving upstream in the river prefer to pass.
Since the downstream end of the fish passage is positioned so that the fish can easily enter the fish passage 24, the fish passage 24 can be effectively used.

In the undulating weir 20 according to the second embodiment described above, the fishway 24 is provided with the two concave grooves 25a and 25b so that the two communicate with each other at the intermediate portion, but the fishway 24 may be further branched. May be. For example, when the water level becomes low, it often flows down only in the central part of the river,
This is because it is necessary to open the downstream end of the fishway 24 at that position (indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure). In addition, the first
Similar to the embodiment described above, a straight portion is formed at the end of the groove 25a or 25b, a lid is provided in the groove 25a or 25b, and a plurality of protrusions are provided on the inner surface of the groove 25a or 25b. Alternatively, it goes without saying that a tubular body may be arranged in the concave grooves 25a and 25b. further,
The width and depth of the grooves 25a and 25b may be changed according to the type of moving fish.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 6 shows an undulating weir 30 according to a third embodiment. The undulating weir 30 is common to the first and second embodiments in that it includes an upstream weir plate 31, a downstream weir plate 32, and a driving means 33, but the fishway 34 is not provided. It is different in that it is bent at an intermediate portion, and that a bent portion is formed with a retaining portion 35 in which a fish can rest.

According to the undulating weir 30, since the rising position is high and the width of the river (downstream dam plate 3) is narrow, the gradient of the fishway in the downstream direction is formed in the configuration of each of the above embodiments. Even if it cannot be reduced to 1/10 or less, as described above, the fish moves to the upstream side (or the downstream side) by bending the middle part of the fishway 34 and suppressing the gradient of each inclined portion 34a, 34b. It is possible.

Further, the fishway 34 has a retaining portion 35 formed therein, in which water is settled to some extent, so that the fish is not washed away. Therefore, fishway 3
The fish that has climbed up the inclined portion 34a of No. 4 is temporarily rested in the retaining portion 35 to change its direction, and then the inclined portion 34 of the fishway 34 is further changed.
All you have to do is go up b and you can move smoothly to the upstream side.

Although the retaining portion 35 is formed in the fishway 34, the total length of the fishway 34 is not so long,
It is not necessary when the fish can move sufficiently upstream.
The fishway 34 does not necessarily have to be formed in a straight line, and may be formed in a meandering shape as long as it can maintain a predetermined gradient (for example, a gradient of 1/10 or less). is there.

The retaining portion 35 is not necessarily the fishway 3
4 does not need to be provided in the bent portion, and the inclined portions 34a, 34
If b is long, or if a fish that cannot go up even if the inclined portions 34a and 34b are short moves, the inclined portion 3
Needless to say, the retaining portion 35 may be formed in the middle of 4a and 34b.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 7 shows an undulating weir 40 according to a fourth embodiment. The undulating weir 40 is common to the above-described respective embodiments in that it has a downstream weir plate 41, an upstream weir plate 42, and a drive means 43, and the like.
The difference is that a partition wall 45 constituting a fishway 44 is provided on the surface of the downstream dam plate 3 so as to be rotatable around a support shaft 45a.

The partition wall 45 is supported by a plurality of ribs 46 (see FIG. 8) projecting from the downstream weir plate 3 on the downstream surface when the undulating weir 40 is raised.
The groove portion 47 can be formed on the upstream side with the surface of the downstream dam plate 42. Then, in a state in which the standing weir 40 is flatly tumbled, the partition wall 45 is rotated to the opposite side with respect to the rib 46 so as not to project from the downstream dam plate 42. As a result, the partition wall 45 does not obstruct the flow-down, and a smooth flow is always ensured.

By supporting the downstream surface of the partition wall 45 with ribs 46, the partition wall 45 withstands water pressure and is provided on the downstream dam plate 4.
Although the groove-shaped portion 47 can be formed between the groove and the groove 3, various structures such as the partition wall 45 can be rotated by a cylinder (not shown) without the rib 46 can be adopted. is there. That is, when the groove portion 47 is used as the fishway 44, it may have a structure capable of withstanding a predetermined water pressure and being foldable. Further, it is more preferable to form a recess (not shown) in the downstream dam plate 43 so as to be substantially flush with the downstream dam plate 43 when folded.

The partition wall 45 does not necessarily have to be rotatable but may be integrated with the downstream dam plate 43 by welding or the like. In this case, for example, if it is necessary to change the fishway position due to a change in the running water of a river, a part of the partition wall 45 is cut and a new partition wall 45 is connected, which makes it relatively easy. can do.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 9 shows an undulating weir 50 according to a fifth embodiment. The undulating weir 50 is common to the above-described respective embodiments in that it includes an upstream weir plate 51, a downstream weir plate 52, and a driving means 53.
The upstream dam plate 51 is different in that a plurality of auxiliary plates 54 made of steel plates or the like are screwed and fixed along the upstream edge via elongated holes 54a.

Each of the auxiliary plates 54 is fixed so as to project obliquely upward from the upstream side dam plate 51 toward the downstream side,
The protruding size can be adjusted by using the elongated hole 54a. The auxiliary plate 54 has a protruding dimension of zero from the upstream dam plate 52 at one location or at a plurality of locations as necessary. Specifically, at the portion where the upstream opening of the fishway 55 is located, the protruding size of the auxiliary plate 54 is set to zero for moving the fish (in FIG. 9, the auxiliary plate 54 is not provided at this position). ). In addition, the auxiliary plate 54
Although it may be composed of a single piece, it is composed of multiple pieces in consideration of the change over time in the running water state of the river (for example, the one flowing in the center flows near one shore due to topographic changes, etc.). Can be more flexible.

According to the auxiliary plate 54, the upstream dam plate 51
The level of the damming water can be adjusted by adjusting the protruding size from the above, and this can be easily handled as compared with the case where the rising height of the undulating weir 50 is adjusted by the driving means 53.
Moreover, a large amount of energy is not required unlike the case where the standing dam 50 is raised against the water pressure. However, since the auxiliary plate 54 has a structure only screwed to the upstream dam plate 51, there is a limit to the amount of water that can be dammed, and only when the rise level of the water level is within 20 cm, for example. It is available. Therefore, if the rise level of the water level exceeds 20 cm, it is necessary to deal with it by adjusting the standing position of the undulating weir 50.

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 10, it is preferable that the auxiliary plate 54 has no protrusion dimension or is not provided at the upstream position of the downstream end of the fishway 55. That is, by not projecting the auxiliary plate 54 to this position, a larger amount of running water can be supplied to the downstream end of the fishway 55 as compared to other parts. At the downstream end of the fishway 55, a sound is generated due to splashes of water and the fish react to the sound to collect, and the water volume increases so that the fishway 55 easily enters the fishway 55. Further, also in the fifth embodiment, the same fish path as that adopted in each of the above-mentioned embodiments can be adopted.

(Sixth Embodiment) FIG. 11 shows an undulating weir 60 according to a sixth embodiment. The undulating weir 60 is different from the above-described respective embodiments in that the upstream weir plate 61 and the downstream weir plate 62.
Although it is common in that it is provided with a drive means 63 and the like, it is formed by bending the downstream dam plate 62 inward in the vicinity of a support shaft 61a which is a connecting portion with the upstream dam plate 61. The difference is that the flat portion 64 is formed.

Both edges of the flat portion 64 are chamfered or arc-shaped so as not to be angular. As a result, the gradient changes smoothly, so that the fish can smoothly move to the upstream side (or the downstream side) without being scratched. Further, the flat portion 64 improves the mechanical strength of the entire undulating weir, and, as described above, when the fishway is formed of the concave groove, the connection structure with the upstream side becomes simple (2 in FIG. 11). It is only necessary to form a groove, as indicated by the dashed line.) Moreover, the flat portion 64 can be used also as a sidewalk when the water level is low, and when a repaired place occurs, it is convenient to move the flat portion 64. The flat portion 64 is not limited to the downstream dam plate 62, and may be formed on the upstream dam plate 61.

(Seventh Embodiment) FIG. 12 shows an undulating weir 70 according to a seventh embodiment. The undulating weir 70 is different from each of the above-described embodiments in that the upstream weir plate 71 and the downstream weir plate 72.
1 and the driving means 73 are common, but they are different in that a smaller auxiliary undulation weir 74 is provided above the undulation weir 70.

The auxiliary undulating weir 74 is the upstream auxiliary weir plate 7
5, the downstream side auxiliary barrier plate 76 and the auxiliary drive means 77 are provided. The upstream edge of the upstream side weir plate 75 is the both weir plates 7
It is rotatably connected to a support shaft 71a that connects 1, 72. An upstream edge of a downstream auxiliary weir plate 76 is rotatably connected to a downstream edge of the upstream auxiliary weir plate 75 about a support shaft 75a. The downstream edge of the downstream side weir plate 76 slides on the upper surface of the downstream side weir plate 76, and the undulating weir 70 is driven by an auxiliary drive means 77 such as a cylinder connected thereto.
The standing position of is adjusted.

In the undulating weir having the above structure, if the water level changes in a small amount, it can be dealt with by adjusting the standing position of both the auxiliary weir plates 75 and 76. For example, the auxiliary undulation weir 74 may be used to maximize the coverage by collecting statistics on the change in the water level of the river in one year. The auxiliary undulating weir 74 consumes less energy than when adjusting the standing position of the undulating weir 70, and can respond quickly. That is, since the water pressure acting on the upstream side weir plate 71 of the undulating weir 70 is large, there are restrictions when changing the standing position.

When the both dam plates 71 and 72 are to be laid flat, the auxiliary dam plates 75 and 76 do not hinder the flow by laying them flat. Further, the upstream edge of the upstream auxiliary barrier plate 75 has a support shaft 7
Although it is provided in 1a, a support shaft (not shown) may be separately fixed to another portion, for example, the upstream dam plate 71 or the downstream dam plate 72, and may be connected to this shaft. Of course.

(Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 13 shows an undulating weir 80 according to an eighth embodiment. The undulating weir 80 is different from the above-described embodiments in that the upstream weir plate 81 and the downstream weir plate 82.
Although it is common in that it is provided with a drive means 83 and the like, through holes 85a and 85b through which fish and the like can be moved while having opening and closing means 84a and 84b on both the weir plates 81 and 82.
The difference between the two is that running water can be introduced into the internal space 87 formed by the inner surfaces of both the dam plates 81 and 82 and the upper surface of the riverbed 86.

As the opening / closing means 84a, 84b, a valve, a slide type plate material or the like can be used (the opening / closing means 84a, 84b shown in FIG. 13 are constituted by slide type opening / closing plates. It is preferable that the opening / closing plate closes the through holes 85a, 85b on the upstream side in the downflow direction, and the opening / closing plate and the dam plates 81, 82 are preferably watertight with packing or the like. . Further, the number of the through holes 85a and 85b may be any, but when the number of the through holes 85a provided in the upstream dam plate 81 is increased, the downstream dam plate 82 is provided in relation to the water pressure. A structure having the same high strength as the upstream dam plate 81 is required.

In the undulating weir 80 having such a structure, first,
The through hole 85a of the upstream dam plate 81 is opened, and the internal space 87
Upstream running water is taken in. Then, the through hole 85a of the upstream dam plate 81 is temporarily closed, and the through hole 85b of the downstream dam plate 82 is opened. As a result, the fish or the like on the downstream side can be moved into the internal space 87. When a fish or the like moves in the internal space 87 in this manner, the fish or the like can be moved to the upstream side by temporarily closing the through hole 85b of the downstream dam plate 82 and opening the through hole 85a of the upstream dam plate 81. And

In this case, the respective opening / closing means 84a, 84b
Are the through holes 85a, 8 automatically in a predetermined time cycle in the above order.
It is preferable to open and close 5b. Also,
Instead of forming the through hole 85b in the downstream dam plate 82, a groove or the like that connects the internal space 87 and the downstream side may be formed in the river bed 86 whose downstream edge slides.
Further, each of the opening / closing means 84a, 84b and the through hole 85
The a and 85b may be used not only as a fishway but also as a water discharge when the water pressure is large because the upstream water level is high and the standing position of the undulating weir 80 cannot be changed. That is, by opening both through holes 85a and 85b,
The standing position of the undulating weir 80 is changed after the water blocked at the upstream side is made to flow down to the downstream side to lower the water level.

(Ninth Embodiment) FIG. 14 shows an undulating weir 90 according to a ninth embodiment. The undulating weir 90 is the same as the undulating weirs 91a and 9a described in the above-mentioned embodiments.
1b is installed side by side in the width direction of the river.
A guide wall 93 standing upright from the riverbed 92 is located between a and 91b. Each undulating weir 91a, 91b is provided with an upstream side weir plate 94a, 94b, a downstream side weir plate 95a, 95b, and a drive means 96a, 96b.
Grooves 97a, 9 are formed in the weir plates 94a, 94b on the downstream side of 91b.
7b are respectively formed. One end of the groove 97a formed in the downstream dam plate 95a is located at the downstream edge, and the other end is located at the side edge. On the other hand, one end of the groove 97b formed in the downstream dam plate 95b is located at the side edge, and the other end is located at the upstream edge. In addition, the guide wall 93 is formed with an escape recess 98 that communicates the recessed grooves 97a and 97b. The relief recess 98 is formed by the undulating weirs 92a and 92a.
Even if the standing position of 1b is changed to some extent, the both concave grooves 97a,
The width and depth are formed to be large so that the 97b can communicate with each other.

In this way, since the undulating weirs 91a and 91b are arranged in parallel, it is possible to cope with the case where the width of the river is large, and one undulating weir has a high upright position, which is desirable for the fishway. Even if the slope cannot be obtained, it is possible to cope without bending the fishway in the middle.

In the ninth embodiment, the case where the two undulating weirs 91a and 91b are arranged in parallel has been described, but it goes without saying that the number may be three or more depending on the width of the river. In this case, the fishway does not have to be formed by the concave grooves formed in all the downstream dams, and may be configured appropriately according to the standing position of the undulating weir that is normally used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

3 is a partially enlarged view showing a mechanism capable of adjusting a protruding dimension of the lid body of FIG. 1. FIG.

4 (a) to (c) are partial front views showing various forms of a protrusion formed in the groove of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a partial side view of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an undulating weir according to a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing one aspect of a protruding portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Riverbed 3 Upstream weir plate 4 Downstream weir plate 2a, 3a Spindle 5 Drive means 11 Fishway

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. An upstream weir plate having an upstream edge rotatably attached in a width direction of a river bed, and an upstream edge rotatably connected to a support shaft provided at a downstream edge of the upstream weir plate, In an undulating weir having a downstream weir plate whose downstream edge slides on a riverbed, a fish path that is inclined with respect to the downflow direction is formed from the upstream edge to the downstream edge of the downstream weir plate. Undulating weir. 2. The undulating weir according to claim 1, wherein the fishway is formed to have a slope of 1/10 or less regardless of the standing position of both the weir plates. 3. The undulating weir according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fishway comprises a concave groove. 4. The lid for closing the upper opening of the concave groove from the upstream side and for adjusting the closing size is provided on the downstream dam plate. The undulating weir described in. 5. The undulating weir according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fishway is formed of a plurality of grooves, and the intermediate portions of the grooves intersect so as to communicate with each other. 6. The fishway is composed of a downstream dam plate and a partition wall projecting from the downstream dam plate, and a groove portion formed on the upstream side of the partition wall. Claim 1 or 2
The undulating weir described in. 7. The partition wall is rotatable between a position where a groove portion is formed between the partition wall and the downstream dam plate and a position where the downstream wall is folded. The undulating weir according to claim 6. 8. The fishway according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fishway is composed of a groove member provided so as to be rotatable along an upper surface of the downstream weir plate along the upstream edge thereof. Undulating weir. 9. The fishway is configured by a tubular body provided on the downstream dam plate.
The undulating weir described in. 10. The undulating weir according to claim 1, wherein the most upstream position of the fishway extends further upstream along the upper surface of the upstream dam plate. 11. The undulating weir according to claim 1, wherein the fishway has a bent portion at at least one location. 12. The undulating weir according to claim 1, wherein a retaining portion where a fish can rest is formed in the middle of the fishway. 13. The undulating weir according to claim 1, wherein at least one end of the fishway is formed with a straight line portion extending in the downstream direction. 14. The undulating weir according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of protrusions are formed on the inner surface of the fishway. 15. The river bed along which the downstream edge of the downstream dam plate slides is provided with a groove portion which is continuous with the downstream end of the fishway and extends toward the downstream side.
The undulating weir according to any one of 4 above. 16. The undulating weir according to claim 15, wherein a sliding contact member that slidably contacts the inside of the groove is provided at a downstream edge of the downstream dam plate. 17. An auxiliary plate is attached to the upstream side dam plate, except for an upstream end portion of the fishway, which is capable of adjusting a projecting dimension in a diagonally upper side of the downstream side. The undulating weir according to any one of 1 to 16. 18. The undulating weir according to claim 17, wherein the auxiliary plate is attached except the upstream position of the downstream end of the fishway. 19. A flat portion that forms a horizontal plane at a predetermined standing position of both dam plates is formed by bending a portion near one of the support shafts connecting both dam plates, on one of the dam plates. The undulating weir according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein 20. The undulating weir according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the dam plate has a structure in which flat plates are integrally opposed to each other at a predetermined interval via a plurality of ribs. 21. An automatic auxiliary undulating weir comprising an upstream auxiliary weir plate, a downstream auxiliary weir plate, and an auxiliary drive means, which have substantially the same structure and which can adjust the water level above the weir position on both of the weir plates. The undulating weir according to claim 1, wherein the undulating weir is provided. 22. An upstream dam plate having one end rotatably attached to a support shaft fixed in the width direction of the riverbed, and a support shaft provided at the other end edge of the upstream dam plate. An undulating weir having one edge portion rotatably connected and the other edge portion having a downstream weir plate that slides on a river bed, wherein both weir plates have opening / closing means and fish, etc. move. An undulating weir characterized in that each possible through hole is bored. 23. An upstream dam plate having one end edge rotatably attached to a support shaft fixed in the width direction of the river bed, and a support shaft provided at the other end edge part of the upstream dam plate. Plural undulating weirs are installed side by side in the river width direction, with one edge part being rotatably connected and the other edge part being a downstream weir plate that slides on the river bed. If a guide wall is erected from the river bed so that there is no ridge and the erected position is the same for each undulating weir, a fish path located on the same straight line is formed and the erected position of each undulating weir is changed on the guide wall However, if the fishway is located on the same straight line, an undulating recess communicating with them is formed so that the fishway and the escaping recess flow down from the upstream side to the downstream side. .