JPH0936635A - Antenna for satellite - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily attain directivity even under, for example, a worst condition or for a person unfamiliar to an operation or without technical knowledge. SOLUTION: An indicator 5a and a locus 6 provided with plural markers 7-n representing specific time and position are provided in a plane antenna 1. When the radial axis of the plane antenna 1 is directed to a geostationary satellite from which a wave is desired to receive, the indicator 5a projects shade on the markers 7-n indicating corresponding time on the locus 6.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a satellite antenna suitable for transmitting microwave charged waves, and particularly suitable for transmitting and receiving radio waves between the ground and a broadcasting satellite.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art So-called broadcasting satellites for Japan (hereinafter referred to as BS: Broadcasting Satellite)
Has been launched into a geosynchronous orbit at 110 ° east longitude.
Therefore, as an example, from Tokyo (approximately 139.7 ° east longitude, 36.6 ° north latitude), it looks stationary at a position of approximately 224.4 ° in azimuth (southwest direction) and 38.1 ° in elevation.

By the way, the above-mentioned BS is located at a position of 36,000 km or more (above the equator) from the ground, and the radio waves reaching the ground from the BS (hereinafter referred to as satellite waves or BS waves) are extremely weak. is there. Therefore, it is necessary to use an antenna for receiving satellite waves, which has a high gain and is less affected by external noise (external radio waves). Generally, for receiving BS waves, a parabolic antenna or an antenna having a strong directivity configured by an array of elements or slots is used.

[0004]

However, while the satellite wave receiving antenna has the advantages described above, the half-value angle is extremely narrow, for example, 1 ° to several °, and strict antenna orientation is required for installation. To be done. For this reason, BS antennas that are generally available on the market are provided with an indicator for displaying the elevation angle and an indicator for displaying the azimuth, such as a azimuth magnet, and the like. The explanation is written. The user and the antenna installation personnel (hereinafter referred to as the user) will roughly adjust the orientation of the antenna based on this number, and then
C (Auto gain control) Finely adjust the direction while checking the voltage and image quality.

However, the user or the like has to adjust the direction of the antenna only by relying on the above-mentioned numbers, and the work requires a lot of trouble. Further, for example, in an offset parabolic type BS antenna, the radiation axis (direction of directivity) is not perpendicular to the front surface of the antenna. Therefore, it is extremely difficult for an unfamiliar person to adjust the orientation of the antenna.

[0006] Further, satellite broadcasting is expected to be used outdoors in the camp or the like because of the nature of receiving geographical conditions. However, it is obvious that precise alignment in adverse conditions, such as on the roof of a parked car or in a swamp with poor scaffolding, is extremely difficult.

The present invention has been made under such a background, and it is possible to easily face each other even in a bad situation, an inexperienced person, or a person who has no technical knowledge. It is intended to provide a satellite antenna.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the invention according to claim 1, an antenna main body having directivity in a substantially vertical direction from one surface, and the antenna main body are provided. Elevation angle adjusting means attached to the antenna body so that the antenna body can be elevated and lowered, azimuth adjusting means attached to the antenna body to allow the antenna body to rotate, and projection attached to the one surface side with a space therebetween. Means, a projection locus formed on the one surface and showing a position where the projection means should cast a shadow, and a plurality of pointing points showing a position at a specific time on the projection locus. Is characterized by.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2,
A primary radiator that transmits or receives an electromagnetic wave, and the primary radiator is separately mounted on the reflecting surface side, and is mounted on the reflector and the reflector that reflects the electromagnetic wave so that the reflector can be elevated. Elevation angle adjusting means, azimuth adjusting means attached to the reflector to rotate the reflector, projection means attached to one end of the primary radiator, and formed on the reflecting surface, The projection means is provided with a projection locus indicating a position where a shadow should be projected, and a plurality of pointing points indicating a position at a specific time on the projection locus.

[0010] Further, in the invention according to claim 3,
In the satellite antenna according to claim 1 or 2, the projection locus is formed in a band shape.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4,
(1) An antenna main body having directivity in a substantially vertical direction from one surface, and (2) elevation angle adjusting means attached to the antenna main body so that the antenna main body can be elevated and lowered.
(3) An azimuth adjusting means attached to the antenna main body so as to allow the antenna main body to rotate, and (4) attached to the directional side in parallel or at a specific angle with the one surface. Projection means attached by
It is composed of a projection locus formed on the surface having the directivity and showing a position where the projection means should project a shadow, and a plurality of pointing points showing a position at a specific time on the projection locus. And an adjusting means for adjusting.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5,
(1) An antenna main body having directivity in a substantially vertical direction from one surface, and (2) elevation angle adjusting means attached to the antenna main body so that the antenna main body can be elevated and lowered.
(3) An azimuth adjusting means attached to the antenna main body to rotate the antenna main body, (4) a projection means attached to the one surface side with a space, and (5) the one surface. Mounted parallel to or at a specific angle,
It is composed of a projection locus formed on the surface having the directivity and showing a position where the projection means should project a shadow, and a plurality of pointing points showing a position at a specific time on the projection locus. And an adjusting means for adjusting.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6,
(1) A primary radiator that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves,
(2) A reflector for attaching the primary radiator to the reflecting surface side so as to be spaced apart from each other, for reflecting the electromagnetic waves; and (3) an elevation angle adjusting means attached to the reflector for raising and lowering the reflector. (4) A direction adjusting means attached to the reflector to make the reflector rotatable, (5) a projection means attached to one end of the primary radiator, and (6) the reflector. The projection locus, which is attached to the reflecting surface side and is formed on the surface having the directivity of the electromagnetic wave, indicates the position where the projection means should project a shadow, and the position at a specific time on the projection locus. It is characterized by comprising an adjusting means composed of a plurality of indicated points.

According to the invention of claim 7,
In the satellite antenna according to any one of claims 4 to 6, the adjusting means is detachable.

[0015]

According to the present invention, when the radiation axis of the satellite antenna is directed to the geostationary satellite to be transmitted and received,
The projection means projects a shadow on a designated point located at the time on the projection trajectory.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. A. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a satellite antenna 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a front view of the satellite antenna 1, and FIG. b) is a side view of the same.

First, the structure of the satellite antenna 1 will be described. In FIGS. 1A and 1B, reference numeral 2 is a radome in which the antenna main body is stored. In this embodiment, a slot array type planar antenna having a plurality of slots (elongated small holes) arranged concentrically or spirally is used as the antenna body. Therefore, the satellite antenna 1 is the front surface 2a of the radome 2 (antenna body).
Has a strong directivity in the direction of arrow A (see FIG. 1 (b)) which is perpendicular to.

The radome 2 is mounted on a mounting base 4 via an elevation angle adjusting section 3 (elevation angle adjusting means) provided on the back surface thereof. Further, the mount 4 also has a rotating portion 4a (azimuth adjusting means), which allows the satellite antenna 1 to arbitrarily set the azimuth and elevation of the radiation axis (the axis having the strongest directional characteristic). .

A part of the outer circumference of the radome 2 (FIG. 1 (a),
A support rod 5 is attached to the upper end portion in FIG. 1B, and the tip end portion of the support rod 5 is separated from the front surface of the radome 2 and extends to the vicinity of the center. An indicator 5a (projection means) is attached to the tip of the support rod 5. The support rod 5 and the indicator 5a are formed of a material that does not affect the propagation of BS waves, such as plastic or other resin.

Further, on the front surface 2a of the radome 2, a trajectory 6 (projection trajectory) and markers 7-1, 7-2, ...
・ 7-k (marker 7-n: designated point) is drawn. Although not shown in the drawing, the time and number corresponding to each marker 7-n are engraved in the vicinity thereof. This trajectory 6, marker 7
The material that does not affect the propagation of BS waves is also used for the paint used for -n or marking.

Next, the trajectory 7 and the markers 7-n will be described. For example, when the satellite antenna 1 of the present invention is oriented in the direction of the target BS, the sun passes through the radial axis around 2:00 pm on the spring equinox day or autumn equinox day. That is BS
The direction of and the direction of the sun are almost the same. At this time, the indicator 5a (see FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b)) is attached to the radome 2
A shadow is formed at the position of the marker 7-4 on the front surface 2a of the. Further, after a predetermined time, the indicator 5a forms a shadow on the position of the marker 7-5 on the front surface 2a of the radome 2, and conversely, forms a shadow on the position of the marker 7-3 before a predetermined time.

In this way, the shadow formed by the indicator 5a moves on the locus 6 shown in FIG. 1B from sunrise to sunset. Therefore, when the user or the like orients the satellite antenna 1, the shadow formed by the indicator 5a is first located on the marker 7-n corresponding to the current time or on the trajectory 6 that can be inferred from the current time. Adjust the orientation of the radome 2. As a result, the radiation axis of the satellite antenna 1 is oriented substantially in the direction of BS. After that, the user or the like finely adjusts the orientation of the satellite antenna 1 toward the BS while confirming the AGC voltage and the image quality.

B. Second Embodiment FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a satellite antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The satellite antenna according to this embodiment includes an antenna adjusting device 10 (adjusting means) and a planar antenna unit 1a.

Here, the plane antenna section 1a is a satellite antenna which has been conventionally used. Further, since the radome 2b of the present embodiment also has a built-in slot array type planar antenna like the radome 2 described in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

The antenna adjusting device 10 includes a radome 2b.
Although it is not shown in the figure, it has a structure in which it is mounted on the radome 2b in a predetermined direction. In FIG. 2, a support rod 5 having an indicator 5a at the tip is attached to the upper end of the antenna adjustment device 10, and a trajectory 6 and a marker 7 are provided on the upper surface.
-1, 7-2 ... 7-k (marker 7-n) are drawn.

The support rod 5, the indicator 5a, the locus 6 and the marker 7-n have been described in the above-mentioned first embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted here. The antenna adjustment device 10 is also made of a material that does not affect the propagation of BS waves, such as plastic or other resin.

In the present embodiment, the procedure when the user or the like orients the satellite antenna (planar antenna section 1a) is the same as that in the first embodiment, so a detailed description is omitted.

According to the present embodiment, the antenna adjusting device 10 can be applied to the satellite antenna of the conventionally used shape.
The user can easily orient the antenna by mounting the antenna. Furthermore,
If the antenna adjusting device 10 is configured to be detachable, it is possible to remove the antenna adjusting device after the orientation is completed and use it as a satellite antenna of a conventional shape.

C. Other Application Examples (1) In the first and second embodiments described above,
The example in which the indicator 5a is attached to the tip of the support rod 5 has been described. However, when the present invention is applied to an antenna having a primary radiator such as a parabolic antenna, the indicator 5a is attached to the primary radiator. Good.

(2) In the first or second embodiment described above, the locus 6 and the marker 7-n drawn on the radome 2 or the antenna adjustment device 10 are the loci created by the indicator 5a on the spring equinox day. is there. Therefore, the position where the original locus 6 should be drawn deviates slightly in the vertical direction depending on the season. If the position of the locus 6 shifts in this way, it becomes difficult to align the antenna with a strong directivity (a narrow half-value angle).

Therefore, when the locus 6 and the markers 7-n are drawn on the radome 2 as in the first embodiment, the locus 6 is formed in a band shape. By doing this, users etc.
By placing the shadow created by the indicator 5a in the strip-shaped locus 6 at the site corresponding to the time when the antenna is installed, the orientation can be roughly adjusted.

On the other hand, when the antenna adjusting device 10 is mounted on the satellite antenna as in the second embodiment, the user or the like draws the locus 6 according to the season (month) of the installation. Select and use properly. This makes it easier to orient the antenna.

(3) In each of the above-described embodiments, an example of application to an antenna having a circular appearance or a disk-shaped satellite antenna is shown, but the present invention is limited to such a shape. However, it is also applicable to, for example, a satellite antenna having a square appearance.

Further, in the second embodiment, it is possible to make the cost low by using, for example, a paper on which the locus 6 and the markers 7-n are printed as the forming material of the antenna adjusting device 10. is there.

Further, in the second embodiment, only the support bar 5 having the indicator 5a formed at the tip thereof is attached to the upper end of the radome 2b in advance, and the above-mentioned configuration is adopted. As described above, the indicator 5a may be attached to the primary radiator.

The type of antenna (slot array type planar antenna) shown in each of the above-described embodiments is an example of the antenna to which the present invention can be applied, and the present invention can be applied to any other type of antenna. Applicable.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the radiation axis of the satellite antenna is directed to the geostationary satellite to be transmitted / received, the projection means positions the time on the projection locus. Since a shadow is projected on the pointing point to be used, for example, even in a bad situation, an inexperienced person or a person who does not have technical knowledge, by using sunlight,
It is possible to obtain the effect that it is possible to realize a satellite antenna in which the orientation of the satellite antenna can be aligned with the direction of the broadcasting satellite, for example. Further, the effects of the present invention can be obtained even by a configuration in which the adjusting means is simply attached to the existing satellite antenna, or by attaching the projection means to the primary radiator.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Satellite Antenna 1a Planar Antenna Part 2 Radome 2b Radome 3 Elevation Adjusting Part 4a Rotating Part 5 Supporting Rod 5a Indicator 6 Trajectory 7-1 to 7-k Marker 10 Antenna Adjusting Device

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An antenna main body having directivity in a direction substantially vertical from one surface, an elevation angle adjusting means attached to the antenna main body and capable of raising and lowering the antenna main body, and the antenna main body attached to the antenna main body. Azimuth adjusting means that allows the main body to rotate, a projection means that is attached separately to the one surface side, and a projection that is formed on the one surface and that indicates a position where the projection means should cast a shadow. An antenna for a satellite, comprising: a trajectory and a plurality of pointing points indicating a position at a specific time on the projection trajectory. 2. A primary radiator for transmitting or receiving an electromagnetic wave; a reflector for mounting the primary radiator on a reflecting surface side so as to be spaced apart from each other; and a reflector for mounting the reflector on the reflecting surface. And an azimuth adjusting means that is attached to the reflector and that allows the reflector to rotate, a projection means that is attached to one end of the primary radiator, and A satellite antenna, comprising: a projection locus formed on the projection locus indicating a position where a shadow should be projected; and a plurality of pointing points indicating a position at a specific time on the projection locus. 3. The satellite antenna according to claim 1, wherein the projection locus is formed in a band shape. 4. (1) An antenna main body having directivity in a direction substantially vertical from one surface; (2) An elevation angle adjusting means attached to the antenna main body so that the antenna main body can be elevated. Azimuth adjusting means attached to the antenna main body and allowing the antenna main body to rotate, (4) attached to the side having the directivity in parallel or at a specific angle with the one surface. A projection means, a projection trajectory formed on the surface having the directivity and showing a position where the projection means should project a shadow, and a plurality of instructions indicating a position at a specific time on the projection trajectory. An antenna for a satellite, comprising: an adjusting unit composed of points. 5. (1) An antenna main body having directivity in a direction substantially perpendicular to one surface, (2) elevation angle adjusting means attached to the antenna main body and capable of raising and lowering the antenna main body, (3) Azimuth adjusting means attached to the antenna main body to allow the antenna main body to rotate, (4) projection means attached to the one surface side with a space, (5) parallel to the one surface or A plurality of projection loci attached at a specific angle, formed on the surface having the directivity, and showing a position where the projection means should project a shadow, and a plurality of positions showing a position at a specific time on the projection locus. An antenna for satellites, comprising: an adjusting means configured by the pointing point of 1. 6. (1) A primary radiator that transmits or receives an electromagnetic wave; (2) A reflector that is mounted on the reflecting surface side so that the primary radiator is spaced apart; and (3) a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic wave. An elevation angle adjusting means attached to the reflector so that the reflector can be elevated and lowered, (4) an azimuth adjusting means attached to the reflector, and making the reflector rotatable, (5) the primary radiator (6) a projection means attached to one end of the reflector, and (6) the projection means, which is attached to the reflection surface side of the reflector and is formed on the surface having the directivity of the electromagnetic wave, and which projects the shadow. A satellite antenna, comprising: a projection locus indicating a position; and an adjusting unit configured from a plurality of pointing points indicating a position at a specific time on the projection locus. 7. The satellite antenna according to claim 4, wherein the adjusting means is removable.