JPH0929236A - Water purifier - Google Patents
Water purifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0929236A JPH0929236A JP18886195A JP18886195A JPH0929236A JP H0929236 A JPH0929236 A JP H0929236A JP 18886195 A JP18886195 A JP 18886195A JP 18886195 A JP18886195 A JP 18886195A JP H0929236 A JPH0929236 A JP H0929236A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- water
- water purifier
- chlorine
- active carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、浄水器内の活性炭
層に水道水その他の原水を通過させ、原水中に含まれる
塩素や、２−メチルイソボルネオール（以下「２−ＭＩ
Ｂ」という。）などの臭気物質・トリハロメタン・農薬
などの有害な有機化合物を除去することにより、おいし
く安全な水を供給するための浄水器に関するものであ
る。さらに詳細には、活性炭等の濾材を有する浄水器の
能力をバランスよくかつ最高の効率で機能するようにし
た、浄水器内の濾材層の充填に特徴を有する浄水器を提
供することに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention allows tap water or other raw water to pass through an activated carbon layer in a water purifier to obtain chlorine or 2-methylisoborneol (hereinafter referred to as "2-MI") contained in the raw water.
B ". ) And other odorous substances, trihalomethanes, pesticides and other harmful organic compounds are removed to provide delicious and safe water purifiers. More specifically, the present invention relates to providing a water purifier characterized by filling a filter medium layer in the water purifier, in which the ability of the water purifier having a filter medium such as activated carbon is functioned in a balanced manner with the highest efficiency.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】河川や土壌の汚染等により、水道水や井
戸水の中に、人体に有害な物質や水の味を損ねる物質が
微量成分として含まれているのは周知の通りである。こ
れらを除去するために、濾材として活性炭を用いた浄水
器が広く使用されている。2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that tap water and well water contain trace amounts of substances harmful to the human body and substances that impair the taste of water due to pollution of rivers and soil. In order to remove these, a water purifier using activated carbon as a filter medium is widely used.
【０００３】活性炭における塩素除去は分解反応であ
り、賦活の進んだ活性炭ほど高い性能を示す。賦活度そ
のものを示す指標はないが、ヨウ素吸着量や嵩密度で代
用されることがある。明確な定義はないが、ヨウ素吸着
量で１５００mg／ｇ以上、嵩密度で０．４０ｇ／cm3 以
下は明らかに高賦活炭に分類される。Removal of chlorine in activated carbon is a decomposition reaction, and activated carbon with higher activation shows higher performance. Although there is no index indicating the degree of activation itself, the iodine adsorption amount or bulk density may be substituted. Although there is no clear definition, an iodine adsorption amount of 1500 mg / g or more and a bulk density of 0.40 g / cm 3 or less are clearly classified as highly activated carbon.
【０００４】一方、有機化合物の除去は活性炭表面への
吸着現象であるため、活性炭の細孔径が吸着能力に深く
関与している。飲み水において問題となる有機化合物は
概して分子量が小さいので、賦活の程度が低く細孔径の
小さい活性炭が適している。充填密度においては、０．
４０ｇ／cm3 以上となるように賦活された活性炭の中か
ら選択すべきである。On the other hand, since the removal of organic compounds is an adsorption phenomenon on the surface of activated carbon, the pore size of activated carbon is deeply involved in the adsorption ability. Since the organic compound which is a problem in drinking water generally has a small molecular weight, activated carbon having a low degree of activation and a small pore size is suitable. At packing density, 0.
It should be selected from the activated carbon activated to have a concentration of 40 g / cm 3 or more.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】活性炭は賦活が進むほ
ど細孔径が大きくなるので、塩素と有機化合物の両方と
もよく除去出来る活性炭を作ることは難しい。それ故、
従来の浄水器のように活性炭を一種類だけ用いた場合
に、塩素と有機化合物の両方を充分に除去することは困
難であった。Since the activated carbon has a larger pore size as it is activated, it is difficult to produce activated carbon which can remove both chlorine and organic compounds well. Therefore,
It was difficult to sufficiently remove both chlorine and organic compounds when only one kind of activated carbon was used as in the conventional water purifier.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この課題は、浄水器の濾
材充填部に浄水性能が異なる二種類以上の活性炭を混合
して充填することにより解決される。This problem is solved by mixing and filling two or more kinds of activated carbons having different water purification performances into the filter medium filling portion of the water purifier.
【０００７】この手法によれば、賦活の程度が高い活性
炭を混合することにより、水道水中の残留塩素は効果的
に分解される。また、賦活の程度を抑えて孔径を制御し
た活性炭を混合することにより、有害および／または臭
気性の有機化合物を効率よく除去することができる。混
合する活性炭の比率を調整することにより、各種除去対
象物質にたいして性能バランスのとれた浄水器が得られ
る。According to this method, residual chlorine in tap water is effectively decomposed by mixing activated carbon having a high degree of activation. In addition, harmful and / or odorous organic compounds can be efficiently removed by mixing activated carbon whose pore size is controlled by suppressing the degree of activation. By adjusting the ratio of the activated carbon to be mixed, a water purifier having a performance balanced with respect to various substances to be removed can be obtained.
【０００８】有機化合物の除去に適した活性炭は一通り
ではなく、除去対象とする物質の構造に対して、吸着を
起こし易い活性炭の構造が存在すると考えられる。ま
た、活性炭には鉛などの無機化合物を除去する効果が確
認されており、これらの除去に適した活性炭を混合する
ことも有効である。There is no single type of activated carbon suitable for removing organic compounds, and it is considered that there is an activated carbon structure that easily adsorbs to the structure of the substance to be removed. Further, it has been confirmed that activated carbon has an effect of removing inorganic compounds such as lead, and it is also effective to mix activated carbon suitable for removing these compounds.
【０００９】ただし、各種活性炭の混合比率が小さすぎ
る場合には十分な効果が得られないので、それぞれの活
性炭について、重量パーセントで少なくとも活性炭全体
量の１０％以上混合することが必要である。However, if the mixing ratio of various activated carbons is too small, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained, and therefore it is necessary to mix each activated carbon in a weight percentage of at least 10% or more of the total amount of activated carbon.
【００１０】また、前記の課題は、浄水器の濾材充填部
に機能が異なる二種類以上の活性炭を通水方向に対して
直交する層に分けて充填することにより解決することが
できる。The above-mentioned problems can be solved by separately filling two or more types of activated carbons having different functions in the filter medium filling portion of the water purifier in layers orthogonal to the water flow direction.
【００１１】一般に、活性炭において塩素が除去される
際に、塩素は酸化剤として働くので、活性炭表面は酸化
される。この反応が繰り返されると、活性炭表面の構造
が変化して、塩素を除去する能力だけでなく、有機化合
物を吸着する能力も低下する。そのため、前記の手法に
より、先に塩素除去に適した活性炭に通水して塩素を分
解しておくことが望ましい。その場合、有機化合物除去
に適した活性炭は塩素除去に適した活性炭層より後方に
充填されるため、塩素の負荷が小さくなるので、効率的
に有機化合物の吸着に利用できる。In general, when chlorine is removed from activated carbon, chlorine acts as an oxidant, so that the surface of activated carbon is oxidized. When this reaction is repeated, the structure of the activated carbon surface changes, and not only the ability to remove chlorine but also the ability to adsorb organic compounds is reduced. Therefore, it is desirable that water be passed through activated carbon suitable for chlorine removal to decompose chlorine by the above method. In that case, the activated carbon suitable for removing organic compounds is packed behind the activated carbon layer suitable for removing chlorine, so that the chlorine load is reduced, so that it can be efficiently used for adsorption of organic compounds.
【００１２】層の順序を逆にして用いた場合には、塩素
除去能は多少向上するものの、有機化合物の吸着に適し
た活性炭に塩素除去の負荷が大きくかかる分、有機化合
物の除去能が低下する。そのため、塩素除去能と有機化
合物除去能のバランスはとれなくなる。When the layers are used in the reversed order, the chlorine removing ability is slightly improved, but the active carbon suitable for adsorbing the organic compound is heavily loaded with chlorine to remove the organic compound. To do. Therefore, the chlorine removing ability and the organic compound removing ability cannot be balanced.
【００１３】有機化合物の除去に適した活性炭は一通り
ではなく、除去対象とする物質の構造に対して、吸着を
起こし易い活性炭の構造が存在する。よって、各除去対
象物質に対して活性炭を選定した場合には、二種を越え
る活性炭を層状に充填する場合もあり得る。There is no single type of activated carbon suitable for removing organic compounds, and there is an activated carbon structure that easily adsorbs to the structure of the substance to be removed. Therefore, when activated carbon is selected for each substance to be removed, it is possible that more than two types of activated carbon are packed in layers.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施例を具体
的に説明する。ここで、図１は、本発明の一実施例に係
る浄水器１の断面図である。また、図２は、本発明の他
の一実施例に係る浄水器１の断面図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a water purifier 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a water purifier 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【００１５】（実施例１）図１に示した浄水器について
説明する。図１において、浄水器１は、その内部に交換
可能であるカートリッジ２を有する。カートリッジ２
は、活性炭層３と中空糸膜４を主構成要素としている。
取水口５を蛇口に接続することにより、原水はカートリ
ッジ２へ導入され、活性炭層３→中空糸膜４→清水口６
を経て、清水として得られる。(Embodiment 1) The water purifier shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In FIG. 1, the water purifier 1 has a replaceable cartridge 2 therein. Cartridge 2
Is mainly composed of the activated carbon layer 3 and the hollow fiber membrane 4.
Raw water is introduced into the cartridge 2 by connecting the water intake 5 to the faucet, and the activated carbon layer 3 → the hollow fiber membrane 4 → the clean water inlet 6
After that, it is obtained as Shimizu.
【００１６】前記活性炭層３は、充填密度０．３３ｇ／
cm3 、ヨウ素吸着量１８５０mg／ｇの粒状活性炭（Ａ）
２５ｇと、充填密度０．５０ｇ／cm3 の粒状活性炭
（Ｂ）２５ｇを混合して充填した層である。The activated carbon layer 3 has a packing density of 0.33 g /
Granular activated carbon (A) with cm 3 and iodine adsorption of 1850 mg / g
This is a layer filled by mixing 25 g and 25 g of granular activated carbon (B) having a packing density of 0.50 g / cm 3 .
【００１７】上述の実施例１と、次に掲げる二つの手法
により構成される各々の浄水器について、塩素除去能力
・２−ＭＩＢ除去能力を比較した。 （比較例１）活性炭（Ａ）５０ｇを充填した浄水器 （比較例２）活性炭（Ｂ）５０ｇを充填した浄水器 塩素除去能力については、日本水道協会の型式審査制度
に従い、水道水に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液を添加して
塩素濃度が２．０ppm になるように原水を調製し、清水
中の塩素濃度が０．４ppm になるまで通水したときの積
算流量で表した。また、臭気物質の２−ＭＩＢ除去能力
については、２−ＭＩＢ濃度が１００ppt となるように
水道水に２−ＭＩＢを添加した水を原水として用いて、
清水中の２−ＭＩＢ濃度が閾値といわれる２０ppt にな
るまで通水したときの積算流量で表した。各々の通水に
おいて、流量は４Ｌ／分とした。The chlorine removing ability and the 2-MIB removing ability of the water purifiers constructed by the following two methods were compared. (Comparative example 1) Water purifier filled with 50 g of activated carbon (A) (Comparative example 2) Water purifier filled with 50 g of activated carbon (B) Regarding chlorine removal ability, according to the type examination system of the Japan Water Works Association, Raw water was prepared by adding a sodium chlorate solution to a chlorine concentration of 2.0 ppm, and the flow rate was expressed as the cumulative flow rate when water was passed until the chlorine concentration in fresh water reached 0.4 ppm. Regarding the ability to remove 2-MIB of odorous substances, tap water containing 2-MIB added so that the concentration of 2-MIB was 100 ppt was used as raw water.
It was expressed as the cumulative flow rate when water was passed until the 2-MIB concentration in clear water reached 20 ppt, which is said to be the threshold value. In each water flow, the flow rate was 4 L / min.
【００１８】比較した結果を表１に示す。The results of the comparison are shown in Table 1.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１９】活性炭（Ａ）あるいは活性炭（Ｂ）のどち
らか一方を用いた場合（比較例１、２）に比べ、両方を
混合して充填したカートリッジ（実施例１）の方が、各
除去能力のバランスがとれている。Compared with the case where either activated carbon (A) or activated carbon (B) was used (Comparative Examples 1 and 2), the cartridge (Example 1) in which both were mixed and filled had a different removal capacity. Is well balanced.
【００２０】（実施例２）図２に示した浄水器について
説明する。図２において、浄水器１は、その内部に交換
可能であるカートリッジ２を有する。カートリッジ２
は、二種類の層からなる活性炭層３ａ及び３ｂと中空糸
膜４を主構成要素としている。取水口５を蛇口に接続す
ることにより、原水はカートリッジ２へ導入され、活性
炭層３ａ→活性炭層３ｂ→中空糸膜４→清水口６を経
て、清水が得られる。(Embodiment 2) The water purifier shown in FIG. 2 will be described. In FIG. 2, the water purifier 1 has a replaceable cartridge 2 therein. Cartridge 2
Is mainly composed of activated carbon layers 3a and 3b composed of two types of layers and a hollow fiber membrane 4. By connecting the water intake 5 to the faucet, the raw water is introduced into the cartridge 2, and the fresh water is obtained through the activated carbon layer 3a → the activated carbon layer 3b → the hollow fiber membrane 4 → the fresh water inlet 6.
【００２１】前記活性炭層は、その中間を微細孔を有す
るフィルターで仕切り、充填密度０．３３ｇ／cm3 、ヨ
ウ素吸着量１８５０mg／ｇの粒状活性炭（Ａ）２５ｇか
らなる層３ａと、充填密度０．５０ｇ／cm3 の粒状活性
炭（Ｂ）２５ｇからなる層３ｂより構成される。The activated carbon layer is partitioned by a filter having fine pores in the middle, and has a packing density of 0.33 g / cm 3 and a layer 3a composed of 25 g of granular activated carbon (A) having an iodine adsorption amount of 1850 mg / g and a packing density of 0. The layer 3b is composed of 25 g of granular activated carbon (B) of 0.50 g / cm 3 .
【００２２】上述の実施例２と、次に掲げる三つの手法
により構成される各々の浄水器について、塩素除去能力
・２−ＭＩＢ除去能力を比較した。 （比較例１′）活性炭（Ａ）を層３ａ，３ｂにそれぞれ
２５ｇずつ充填した浄水器 （比較例２′）活性炭（Ｂ）を層３ａ，３ｂにそれぞれ
２５ｇずつ充填した浄水器 （比較例３）活性炭（Ａ）２５ｇと活性炭（Ｂ）２５ｇ
を二層に分けて充填し、且つ、最初に原水が通る層に活
性炭（Ｂ）層を配置した浄水器 塩素除去能力、及び臭気物質の２−ＭＩＢ除去能力につ
いては、実施例１と同様の測定方法、条件を採用した。The chlorine removing ability and the 2-MIB removing ability of the water purifier constructed by the following three methods were compared with the above-mentioned Example 2. (Comparative Example 1 ') Water purifier in which layers 3a and 3b are filled with 25 g each of activated carbon (A) (Comparative Example 2') Water filter in which layers 3a and 3b are filled with 25 g each of activated carbon (Comparative Example 3) ) 25g activated carbon (A) and 25g activated carbon (B)
The water purifier in which the activated carbon (B) layer was placed in the layer through which the raw water first passed was divided into two layers, and the chlorine removal capacity and the 2-MIB removal capacity of odorous substances were the same as in Example 1. The measurement method and conditions were adopted.
【００２３】比較した結果を表２に示す。The results of the comparison are shown in Table 2.
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２４】活性炭（Ａ）または（Ｂ）のどちらか一方
を用いた場合（比較例１′、２′）に比べ、両方を層に
して充填したカートリッジ（実施例２、比較例３）の方
が、各除去能力のバランスがとれている。また、二種類
の活性炭を層状に充填した場合では、上流側に有機化合
物除去に適した活性炭（Ｂ）を配置したもの（比較例
３）より、塩素除去に適した活性炭（Ａ）を配置したも
の（実施例２）の方が、よりバランスのとれた性能を示
し、好ましい充填法といえる。Compared with the case where either activated carbon (A) or (B) was used (Comparative Examples 1 ', 2'), the cartridges filled with both layers (Example 2, Comparative Example 3) However, each removal capacity is well balanced. Further, when two types of activated carbon were packed in layers, activated carbon (A) suitable for chlorine removal was arranged rather than activated carbon (B) suitable for organic compound removal on the upstream side (Comparative Example 3). The one (Example 2) shows a more balanced performance and can be said to be a preferable filling method.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、浄水性能が異なる二種
類以上の活性炭を混合充填することにより、また、二種
類以上の活性炭を通水方向に対して直交する層に分けて
充填することにより、塩素や有機化合物などの除去性能
がバランスよく設計され、かつ効率よく機能する浄水器
を与えることができる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, two or more kinds of activated carbons having different water purification performances are mixed and packed, and two or more kinds of activated carbons are separately packed into layers orthogonal to the water flowing direction. Thus, it is possible to provide a water purifier that has a well-balanced design of removal performance of chlorine and organic compounds and that functions efficiently.
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係る浄水器の断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a water purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の他の一実施例に係る浄水器の断面図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a water purifier according to another embodiment of the present invention.
１…浄水器 ２…カートリッジ ３…活性炭層 ３ａ…活性炭（Ａ）層 ３ｂ…活性炭（Ｂ）層 ４…中空糸膜 ５…取水口 ６…清水口 1 ... Water purifier 2 ... Cartridge 3 ... Activated carbon layer 3a ... Activated carbon (A) layer 3b ... Activated carbon (B) layer 4 ... Hollow fiber membrane 5 ... Intake port 6 ... Fresh water port
Claims (5)
いて、浄水性能が異なる二種類あるいはそれ以上の種類
の活性炭を混合して充填したことを特徴とする浄水器。1. A water purifier having at least an activated carbon layer, wherein two or more types of activated carbon having different water purification performances are mixed and filled.
いて、充填密度が０．４０ｇ／cm3 未満であり、且つヨ
ウ素吸着量が１５００mg／ｇ以上である活性炭と、充填
密度が０．４０ｇ／cm3 以上である活性炭を、混合して
充填したことを特徴とする浄水器。2. The activated carbon according to claim 1, which has a packing density of less than 0.40 g / cm 3 and an iodine adsorption amount of 1500 mg / g or more, and a packing density of 0.40 g. A water purifier characterized by being filled with a mixture of activated carbon having a density of at least 3 / cm 3 .
いて、各種類の活性炭を全活性炭量にたいして、おのお
の少なくとも１０重量％以上混合して充填したことを特
徴とする浄水器。3. A water purifier according to claim 1, wherein each type of activated carbon is mixed and filled in an amount of at least 10% by weight based on the total amount of activated carbon.
いて、浄水能力が異なる二種類以上の活性炭を通水方向
に対して直交する層状に充填し、原水が最初に通過する
活性炭層に、使用している活性炭の内でもっとも塩素除
去能の高い活性炭を配したことを特徴とする浄水器。4. In a water purifier having at least an activated carbon layer, two or more types of activated carbons having different water purification capacities are packed in a layer shape orthogonal to the water flowing direction, and the raw water is first used as an activated carbon layer. A water purifier characterized by arranging the activated carbon with the highest chlorine removal ability among the activated carbons.
おいて、原水が最初に通過する活性炭層に、充填密度が
０．４０ｇ／cm3 未満であり、且つヨウ素吸着量が１５
００mg／ｇ以上である活性炭を配したことを特徴とする
浄水器。5. The water purifier according to claim 4, wherein the activated carbon layer through which the raw water first passes has a packing density of less than 0.40 g / cm 3 and an iodine adsorption amount of 15
A water purifier characterized by arranging activated carbon of at least 00 mg / g.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18886195A JPH0929236A (en) | 1995-07-25 | 1995-07-25 | Water purifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18886195A JPH0929236A (en) | 1995-07-25 | 1995-07-25 | Water purifier |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0929236A true JPH0929236A (en) | 1997-02-04 |
Family
ID=16231151
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18886195A Pending JPH0929236A (en) | 1995-07-25 | 1995-07-25 | Water purifier |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0929236A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008119692A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2008-05-29 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Water purifier |
| WO2016194809A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | サラヤ株式会社 | Agrochemical-free siraitia grosvenorii extract, and method for preparing same |
| US11932814B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2024-03-19 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Biocarbon blends with optimized fixed carbon content, and methods for making and using the same |
-
1995
- 1995-07-25 JP JP18886195A patent/JPH0929236A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008119692A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2008-05-29 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Water purifier |
| WO2016194809A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | サラヤ株式会社 | Agrochemical-free siraitia grosvenorii extract, and method for preparing same |
| CN107708440A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-02-16 | 莎罗雅株式会社 | Fructus Monordicae extract without agricultural chemicals and preparation method thereof |
| JPWO2016194809A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-03-01 | サラヤ株式会社 | Luohan fruit extract containing no pesticide and method for preparing the same |
| JP2019165728A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2019-10-03 | サラヤ株式会社 | Momordicae fruit extract containing no agricultural chemical, and preparation method thereof |
| US11932814B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2024-03-19 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Biocarbon blends with optimized fixed carbon content, and methods for making and using the same |
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