JPH09187427A - Intraocular observation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To output an easily identifiable diaphanoscopic image with a simple structure. SOLUTION: In the measurement of refractivity of eyes, a light source 18 for lighting a fixation target is lit and a testee is asked to look at an internal fixation target 17. Light sources 10a and 10b for lighting an intraocular anterior part are turned ON and the reflected luminous flux on the anterior part forms an image on an image sensor 20. An operator observes this image on a TV monitor and performs positioning. After the end of the positioning, when a light source 1 for measuring the refractivity of eyes is turned ON, the reflected luminous flux on the eyegrounds Er forms an image on an image sensor 14 to measure the reflectivity of the eyes. In the observation of a diaphanoscopic image, the light sources 10a and 10b for lighting the anterior part and the light source 18 for lighting a fixation target are dimmed down to a specified brightness. The reflected luminous flux on the eyegrounds Er from the light source 1 for measuring the reflectivity of the eyes is formed on the image sensor 20 as diaphanoscopic image. When a pupil part of the diaphanoscopic image is applied on the pupil part of the intraocular anterior segmenti, and easy to identify image is obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an intraocular observation device for observing and examining opacity of a crystalline lens in an eyeball.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional intraocular observation apparatus, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-96730,
The transillumination image can be observed on the TV monitor screen. On the television monitor screen, only the image of the pupil portion where the transillumination image of the eye to be inspected is displayed, and since the illumination light is not irradiated around the pupil portion, it is displayed in black.

When recording a transillumination image, the transillumination image displayed on the screen is recorded by an externally connected video printer. The output is the same as the image displayed on the television monitor, and the doctor explains the degree of ocular opacity and cataract while showing the image to the patient and his family.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, it is not possible for an ordinary person to know what kind of photograph the transillumination image is recorded, and it is conceivable that this is a photograph of one's eye to be examined. I can't even do it. A doctor has to explain such an image to a patient or his / her family each time, which is very troublesome. Moreover, since only the pupil part is imaged, even a doctor who is used to it may make a mistake in the direction or the left and right of the eye to be examined.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems,
An object is to provide an inexpensive intraocular observation device that outputs a transillumination image that is easy to understand not only for a patient and his / her family but also for a doctor with a simple structure, and that has an easy-to-use function.

[0006]

An intraocular observation apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a fundus illuminating means for illuminating the fundus of an eye to be inspected with illumination light, and an anterior segment of the eye to be inspected. In an intraocular observation device having an anterior segment illumination unit for irradiating light, an image capturing unit for capturing an image of an anterior segment including a crystalline lens of an eye to be examined, and a display unit for displaying a video output of the image capturing unit, the anterior segment Anterior segment image illuminated by the partial illumination unit and the fundus illumination unit, and an intraocular image illuminated only by the fundus illumination unit, and combined from both images of the anterior segment image and the intraocular image The image processing control means for outputting the synthesized image is provided.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram, and a condenser lens 2, a measurement index 3, a relay lens 4, an eye E to be inspected E on an optical path O1 from an eye refractive power measuring light source 1 which emits a light beam of an infrared wavelength to an eye E to be inspected. A diaphragm 5 having a central opening conjugate with the pupil Ep, a perforated mirror 6, light splitting mirrors 7 and 8, and an objective lens 9 provided in the vicinity thereof are sequentially arranged.

The light splitting mirror 7 transmits a light beam having a wavelength from the eye refractive power measuring light source 1 and reflects visible light, and the light splitting mirror 8 transmits a light beam having a wavelength from the eye refractive power measuring light source 1. It reflects and transmits at a certain ratio, and transmits visible light. Further, the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a, 1 for illuminating the anterior ocular segment Ef widely are provided on both sides of the eye E to face.
0b is provided.

On the optical path O2 in the reflection direction of the perforated mirror 6, as shown in FIG.
Multi-hole aperture 11 including 1a to 11f, relay lens 1
2, a prism 13 for separating and deflecting a light beam, an image sensor 14
Are sequentially arranged. Further, on the optical path O3 in the reflection direction of the light splitting mirror 7, a fixation target relay lens 16 movable in the optical path O3 direction by a drive motor 15 and an internal fixation target 1 are provided.
7. A fixation target illumination light source 18 is sequentially arranged, and a lens 19 and an image sensor 20 are arranged in the reflection direction of the light splitting mirror 8.

FIG. 3 is a block circuit configuration diagram. The output of the image pickup device 20 is connected to an amplifier circuit 21 and an A / D converter 22, and the output of the A / D converter 22 is image memories 23 and 24.
It is connected to the. Further, the output of the image memory 23 is the D / A converter 25 and the video mixing / switching control circuit 2
6. Connected to the TV monitor 27 in sequence to mix video
The output of the amplifier circuit 21 is also directly connected to the switching control circuit 26.

The output of the image pickup device 14 is the amplification circuit 2
8, the A / D converter 29 and the image memory 30 are sequentially connected, and the input and output of these image memories 23, 24 and 30 are
A VR which is a video RAM for displaying characters and the like on the television monitor 27 via the bus 31 of the microcomputer.
The AM 32, the interface 33, the MPU 34, the ROM 35 in which programs related to control and measurement are stored, and the RAM 36 used for processing operations of programs, temporary storage of images, image processing, and the like are connected to the input / output.

The VRAM 32 and the interface 33
Is connected to the video mixing / switching control circuit 26, and the output of the interface 33 is connected to the eye refractive power measurement light source 1 and the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b. Also, VRA
The character signal from M32 is the video mixing / switching control circuit 26.
Thus, it operates so as to superimpose characters and symbols on other input signals.

At the time of measuring the eye refractive power, the light source 1 for illuminating the fixation target
8 is turned on to show the internal fixation target 17 to the subject. The image of the internal fixation target 17 illuminated by the fixation target illumination light source 18 passes through the fixation target relay lens 16, is reflected by the light splitting mirror 7, and is passed through the light splitting mirror 8 and the objective lens 9 to be examined. Present on the fundus Er of the eye.

At this time, the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b are turned on so that the iris portion Es of the eye E can be seen well. The light flux reflected by the anterior ocular segment Ef illuminated by the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b passes through the objective lens 9, is reflected by the light splitting mirror 8, and is reflected by the lens 19 to the image pickup device 2
Image on 0. This image is an image obtained by enlarging the anterior segment Ef at a predetermined magnification, and the video signal amplified by the amplifier circuit 21 is directly output to the video mixing / switching control circuit 26 and displayed on the television monitor 27 as shown in FIG. It is projected. The examiner aligns the eye E to be inspected with the measurement optical system of the apparatus while observing the television monitor 27.

For the alignment, first, the operating rod is operated so that the not-shown alignment ring and the pupil Ep, which are displayed substantially in the center of the screen of the television monitor 27, are concentric.
Further, the distance in the front-back direction is adjusted so as to focus on the upper, lower, left, right and iris portions Es. When the positioning is completed, when the measurement switch provided at the tip of the operating rod is pressed, the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b are turned off and the eye refractive power measurement light source 1 is turned on.

The luminous flux from the eye-refractive-power measuring light source 1 illuminates the measurement index 3 with the condenser lens 2, passes through the relay lens 4, the diaphragm 5, the perforated mirror 6, the light splitting mirrors 7 and 8, and then the objective lens 9. Is projected from the pupil Ep to the fundus Er via. The reflected light beam from the fundus Er returns through the same optical path, is reflected by the perforated mirror 6, and is then the porous diaphragm 11, the relay lens 12,
Six reflected images Pa to Pf as shown in FIG. 5 are projected on the image sensor 14 via the prism 13.

An output signal from the image pickup device 14 is amplified by an amplifier circuit 28 into a video signal, input to an A / D converter 29, converted into a digital signal and stored in an image memory 30. Storage control to the image memory 30 is performed by the MPU 34.
By the control of 1, the image for one frame is stored at a predetermined timing. The stored image data are reflected images Pa to Pf, and the eye refractive power of the eye E to be inspected is calculated from the imaged position of each spot and displayed on the lower portion of the screen of the television monitor 27.

During measurement of the eye refractive power, the fixation target relay lens 16 is moved by the drive motor 15 in the optical path O3 direction so as to be in a position conjugate with the fundus Er, and the refractive power of the subject is measured. The image position of the internal fixation target 17 is changed according to.
After that, it moves in a direction in which the cloud is applied by an appropriate diopter, and the fixation force of the eye E to be examined is removed by this fixation guidance.

When observing a transillumination image, a transillumination image observation switch (not shown) is pressed to switch to the transillumination image observation mode. Then, the eye refractive power measurement light source 1 is turned on with a predetermined brightness, and the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b and the fixation target illumination light source 18 are illuminated.
Is controlled by the interface 33 so as to be dimmed to a predetermined brightness. The luminous flux from the eye refractive power measurement light source 1 is
It is projected on the fundus Er through the same optical path as when measuring the eye refractive power. The reflected light beam from the fundus Er illuminates the pupil region of the eye E to be inspected and is imaged on the image sensor 20 as a transillumination image. The output from the image pickup device 20 is amplified into a video signal by the amplifier circuit 21 and directly output to the video mixing / switching control circuit 26, and a transillumination image is displayed on the television monitor 27 as shown in FIG.

When observing a transillumination image, the light source 10 for illuminating the anterior segment
Since a and 10b are dimmed, the iris part Es, the sclera part,
The periphery of the pupil Ep looks dark. The inside of the pupil Ep appears to be bright as a whole due to the reflected light flux from the fundus Er from the eye-refractive-power measuring light source 1, and the site K having a cataract appears dark like a shadow.

When the entire pupil Ep has a cataract, the opaque portion is directly illuminated by the eye refractive power measuring light source 1, so that the portion K as the opaque portion looks bright. Corneal reflection spot image S1 ~
Of S3, the corneal reflection spot image S1 is the reflection image of the eye refractive power measurement light source 1, and the corneal reflection spot images S2 and S3 are the reflection images of the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b.

At this time, if the interior illumination is darkened, the eye E to be inspected naturally dilates, so that the eye E to be inspected over a wide range.
You can observe inside. Further, the image of the illumination light source on the ceiling or the like is prevented from being reflected on the cornea Ec and overlapping with the transillumination image. By dimming the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b, the position of the eye E to be inspected can be confirmed, and alignment with the pupil Ep is facilitated.

When recording the transillumination image, first, the anterior segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b are normally turned on, the eye refractive power measuring light source 1 is turned off, and the anterior segment Ef is displayed as shown in FIG. Should be clearly visible. The anterior segment image formed on the image sensor 20 is
It is converted to a digital value by the A / D converter 22, and the MPU 34
The image of one frame is stored in the image memory 24 at a predetermined timing under the control of. Next, the light source 1 for measuring the eye refractive power is turned on, the light sources 10a, 10b for illuminating the anterior segment are turned off, and the transillumination image is stored in the image memory 23 in a state as shown in FIG.

When the transillumination image is output to a video printer or the like, the transillumination image and the anterior segment image stored in the image memories 23 and 24 are temporarily transferred to the RAM 36, and the pupil Ep shown in FIG.
The image processing is performed by cutting out the portion of No. 2 and attaching it to the pupil Ep of the anterior segment image shown in FIG. The image is stored in the image memory 2
It is transferred again to 3, and converted into a video signal by the D / A converter 25 and displayed on the television monitor 27 under the control of the video mixing / switching control circuit 26. A video printer connected in parallel with the television monitor 27 captures and records a hard copy and uses it for explaining to a patient. The output composite image at this time is as shown in FIG. 9, and the pupil part of the transillumination image shown in FIG. 8 is attached to the pupil part of the anterior segment image shown in FIG. 7.

Also when the transillumination image of the other eye E to be inspected of the left and right eyes is photographed and recorded, the anterior segment image is first captured, then the transillumination image is recorded, and the pupil part and the front of the transillumination image are captured first. The images of the anterior segment can be pasted together. Further, the observation of the transillumination image is performed not only from the front but also by illuminating the pupil Ep with illumination light from various angles such as left, right, up and down.

When such an observation is carried out, FIGS.
As shown in, the position of the transillumination image is recorded at various positions with respect to the screen frame. Even in such an image, only the pupil portion is cut out and attached to the pupil portion of the anterior ocular segment image, so that the transillumination image can be arranged at substantially the center position of the screen frame, so that an image that is easy to see can be created.

Further, when recording a transillumination image, a plurality of images are taken by changing the position of incidence of illumination light or the position of the focusing surface to be observed. Since only one image is required for one eye, the anterior segment images are first stored in the image memory 24 and the transillumination image is stored in the image memory 2.
Store in 3. From the second time, only the trans-illumination image needs to be stored, and the pupil part is cut out from the stored trans-illumination image and is attached to the anterior segment image. When continuously capturing the anterior segment image and the trans-illumination image, the pupil position does not substantially shift, and it is not necessary to cut out the pupil part from the trans-illumination image.

As for the A / D-converted pixel data in the image memories 23 and 24, black is recorded as 0xff in hexadecimal and white is recorded.
It is recorded at 0x00. Since the peripheral area of the pupil Ep of the trans-illumination image is black, it is 0xff, and the pupil part of the anterior segment image is recorded black, so it is also 0xff. It can be easily synthesized. In other words, the answer of OR processing is 0xff of black in the image of 0xff where both are black, and if there is white data, 0 is added to the bit data.
The bits are included, so this white information is the only answer.

However, in this case, the conditions are that the pupil diameters of both are equal and that no bright spot such as illumination light is reflected in the pupil portion of the anterior segment image. Also, one frame is 30 msec
Since the pupil diameters are recorded as continuous images, the pupil diameters are almost equal, and the MPU 34 determines that there is no bright spot in the pupil portion of the anterior eye image.
If there is a bright spot, the pupil part is cut out from the transillumination image. If there is a difference in pupil diameter,
The pupil diameter of the transillumination image should be used.

Here, the process of bonding will be explained. Since the pupil part becomes black in the stored anterior segment image, its edge is approximated as an ellipse and the center coordinates of the ellipse are stored. The pupil portion of the transillumination image to be stored next is photographed white and the periphery of the pupil is black contrary to the anterior segment image, so the edge of the pupil portion is approximated as an ellipse to obtain the center coordinates. Then, the pupil part image is cut out as an ellipse from the transillumination image, and if it is matched so as to overlap with the stored center coordinates of the anterior segment image, the bonding is completed.

In the embodiment, an anterior segment image, a transillumination image,
Although the images are stored in order of the anterior segment image and the transillumination image of the other eye, the anterior segment image may store the left and right eyes first and then the transillumination images of both eyes. Conversely, the transillumination images of both eyes may be stored first, and then the anterior segment image may be stored thereafter.

Further, there is no problem even if the image quality of the anterior segment image is reduced as compared with the transillumination image. If the image quality is degraded, the capacity of the memory that stores the anterior segment image can be reduced, and the cost of the device can be suppressed. The method for reducing the resolution is to expand the sampling interval to lower the resolution, and for example, the sampling interval is the same as the transillumination image, and the gradation number is binarized from the 256 gradations that are normally performed. There is a method of reducing the gradation of.

[0033]

As described above, in the intraocular observation apparatus according to the present invention, the transillumination image of the pupil part illuminated only by the fundus illuminating means is combined with at least the anterior eye image illuminated by the anterior eye illuminating means. Since the recorded transillumination image is output, the recorded transillumination image is very easy to see, and when explaining the transillumination image to the patient or his / her family, the time and effort required for the explanation can be greatly simplified and the symptoms can be understood. However, the effectiveness of the transillumination image captured is improved because the corneal reflection spot image of the anterior segment illumination means does not overlap the pupil portion.

Further, when the transillumination image is photographed, the photographing position is changed and recorded, and the pupil region and the anterior segment pupil part are approximated to ellipses, and when the center coordinates of both are matched, the photographing screen frame is displayed. Since the transillumination images recorded at various positions can be accurately attached to the pupil position of the anterior segment image, the transillumination image position is aligned substantially at the center position of the screen, and it is neat and very easy to see. Further, if the anterior segment image and the transillumination image are continuously captured, the operation becomes simple without complicating, and the anterior segment can be photographed once to improve the inspection speed, and the anterior segment image is Even if the image is stored with a lower resolution than that of the intraocular image, the image storage capacity can be reduced because there is no problem in diagnosis.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a perforated diaphragm.

FIG. 3 is a block circuit configuration diagram.

FIG. 4 is a display screen of a television monitor during eye refraction measurement.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a fundus reflection image formed on an image sensor.

FIG. 6 is a display screen of a television monitor during transillumination observation.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an image when an anterior segment image is stored.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an image when a transillumination image is recorded.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a combined transillumination image.

FIG. 10 is a trans-illumination image recorded by changing the shooting angle in the trans-illumination image mode.

FIG. 11 is a trans-illumination image recorded by changing the shooting angle in the trans-illumination image mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source for eye refractive power measurement 3 Measurement index 10a, 10b Light source for anterior ocular segment illumination 11 Porous diaphragm 13 Prism 14, 20 Imaging device 15 Drive motor 17 Internal fixation target 18 Light source for fixation target illumination 21, 28 Amplification circuit 23 , 24, 30 Image memory 26 Video mixing / switching control circuit 27 TV monitor 31 Bus 33 Interface

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A fundus illuminating means for irradiating the fundus of the eye to be examined with illumination light, an anterior eye part illuminating means for illuminating the anterior eye part of the eye to be examined with illumination light, and an anterior eye part including a crystalline lens of the eye to be examined. In the intraocular observation device having an image capturing unit for displaying the image output of the image capturing unit, and an anterior segment image illuminated by the anterior segment illumination unit and the fundus illumination unit, and the fundus illumination unit. An intraocular observation device comprising: an image processing control unit that stores the intraocular image illuminated by only the image and outputs a composite image that is composed from both the anterior segment image and the intraocular image. . 2. The intraocular observation device according to claim 1, wherein the image processing control means cuts out a pupil region from the intraocular image and attaches it to the pupil position of the anterior segment image. 3. The image processing control means detects the pupil regions of the intraocular image and the anterior segment image as elliptic approximation,
The ellipse centers are made to coincide with each other so that they are pasted together.
Intraocular observation device according to. 4. The intraocular observation device according to claim 1, wherein the image processing control means stores the anterior segment image and the intraocular image continuously. 5. The intraocular observation according to claim 1, wherein the image processing control means is configured to combine the already stored anterior segment image and the updated intraocular image when combining the images. apparatus. 6. The intraocular observation device according to claim 1, wherein the image processing control means stores the anterior ocular segment image at a lower resolution than the intraocular image.