JPH09120621A - Optical disk and optical disk-recording/reproducing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily detect whether or not an additional recording is prohibited and protect precious data in an optical disk, by providing data visually confirmable by human eyes and indicating that the additional recording is prohibited, at an outside area of a user recordable area of the optical disk. SOLUTION: A user recordable area 2a is set at the side of an outer circumference of a CD-R disk 2. A W/P (write protect) seal 1 concentric with the CD-R disk 2 is attached to an outer area of the area 2a of the disk 2, i.e., at the side of a rotational center. The seal 1 has a mark, e.g. black mark formed at a part thereof. People can confirm by eyes whether or not an additional recording is prohibited, from the presence/absence of the W/P seal 1. The W/P seal 1 is attached to the CD-R disk 2. Although the additional recording is once prohibited in the disk 2, the disk 2 is brought into a state allowing the additional recording when the seal 1 is detached.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical disk and an optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus capable of protecting valuable information by prohibiting additional recording on a write-once type CD (hereinafter referred to as CD-R) as necessary. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A recordable CD as an information recording medium
(CD-R) has been used frequently. This CD-R disc is effective for producing a relatively small amount (for example, less than about 50 sheets) of CDs (compact discs) and is used for recording image data, music data, computer information and the like. . Created CD-
R is a conventional CD player or drive (CD-DA, C
It can be read by D-ROM, CD-ROM / XA, CD-I).

For example, when creating a CD-ROM or a CD-DA (digital audio) medium, it is recorded according to the format of the CD. This CD-R
(Compact disk, which is an abbreviation for CD-Recordable and in which data can be written in several times), is a write once medium. Therefore, the sector once written cannot be overwritten.

For example, if an error occurs for some reason during recording of a certain track by the track-at-once method (Track at Once method) and recording of information fails, the track is no longer additionally recorded. Also, it cannot be played. Therefore,
In order to record the same track on the medium, there is no countermeasure other than re-recording as another track or recording on another medium.

Moreover, regardless of whether the method of re-recording on another track of the same medium or the method of recording on another medium is adopted, it is necessary to re-send the information from the host computer. There is a problem that the burden on the engine will increase. In addition, the method of recording on another medium has a disadvantage that the recording-failed medium is wasted.

Now, the format of the CD-R medium will be described. The data format of the information recorded on this CD-R medium is Part 2 of the Orange Book.
The physical format is specified in. As the logical format, a file system of the OS of the computer can be used. There is also ISO 9660 as an international standard.

[0007] The CD-R format information is a table used for converting a directory structure, a file name, etc. so as to match the file system used for each CD-R disc. What is a CD image? C
This means data that is to be written in the D-R, is formatted according to a logical format used in advance, and is stored as a file in a hard disk or the like.

The existing commercially available CDs include CD-DA discs for recording audio data and CD-PROM discs for recording digital data used by computers. The above is the CD
-This is the main meaning of the term relating to R. Next, CD-R
Each session above will be explained. Generally, a CD-R
Data is written to the disc in units of sessions.

FIG. 4 is a diagram conceptually showing each session in the user recordable area of the CD-R medium. The left side of the figure shows the center side, the right side shows the outside, and P
CA is the power calibration area (Power
r Calibration Area) and PMA are program memory areas (Program Memories).
y Area).

Each session in the user recordable area has three areas, as shown on the outer side of FIG. 4 (right side of the figure).
That is, Lead-In Area, Program
It is divided into Area and Lead-Out Area. Then, on the center side (the left end side in the figure), PCA
An area and a PMA area are provided.

First, each session divided into three areas will be sequentially described. Lead-In Area
Is an area in which header information of the session is recorded, and is an area in which information such as a start address of each track / a skipped track number is recorded. Therefore, the header information of the session is the Lead of FIG.
-It will be written in In Area.

Bad level is information indicating that the section is skipped. Similarly, L level in FIG.
Recorded in the ead-In Area. Then Pro
The gram Area is an area for recording actual write data. Finally, Lead-Out Area
Indicates the end of the session. The above is the information recorded in each session.

A track is a unit for writing data in a session. For example, in the case of music data, one track is used for one song. The PCA shown on the center side (left end side in the figure) of FIG. 4 is divided into a test area and a count area. The test area is divided into 100 partitions, and one partition is used every time the recorder performs power calibration once.

The count area is also divided into 100 partitions, and each time the recorder uses one partition of the test area, the fact that it has been used is recorded in one partition of the count area. This count area is used by the recorder to search for unused test area partitions. PMA inside it
Is TOC (Table) in Lead-In Area
This is an area for recording information necessary for writing the "of content", for example, a start / stop position of a track.

Each of these areas, that is, the position on the disc, has ATIP information (Absolute Time).
In Pregrove: Absolute time information). This ATIP information can be found in Minutes, Sec
It is displayed by three combinations of onds and Frames, and for example, 60:43:15 (60 minutes 43 seconds 15 frames) represents a certain position on the disc.

In addition to the Orange Book, CD-DA
For the CD-ROM, Yellow Book for the CD-ROM, and Green Book for the CD-I (Interactive). The optical disk and the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention can be all carried out on a CD medium having such a format, a conventionally known medium such as WORM, and an optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus using these media. Here, the conventional CD
A recording operation on the -R disc will be described with a flow. In addition,
The hardware configuration corresponds to each unit excluding the W / P sensor 3 in FIG. 1 described later.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the main processing flow during the recording operation on the CD-R disc in the conventional optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus. In the figure, # 1
~ # 11 indicate steps.

In step # 1, it is judged whether the set disc is a CD-R disc (identification of the type of the inserted disc). If the disc is not a CD-R disc, the process proceeds to step # 11, the TOC (table of contents) information is stored in the RAM, and the reproducing operation is performed. If the disc is a CD-R disc, the process proceeds to step # 2 to determine whether the disc is a blank disc (unrecorded disc).

If it is a blank disc (unrecorded disc), the process proceeds to step # 4. If the disc is not a blank disc (recorded disc) as a result of the determination in the previous step # 2, the PMA information is stored in the RAM in the next step # 3, and the process proceeds to step # 4. afterwards,
To get the optimum write power, in step # 4, PC
Recording / reproduction is performed on A, and the optimum write power is set in the next step # 5.

In order to move the pickup to the final recording position (the head of the unrecorded area), the head (optical pickup) is moved to the recording position in the next step # 6. Next, the recording state at this additional recording position is confirmed, and when there is a recordable area, the recording command standby state is set.
If there is a recording command, the process proceeds to step # 7, whether or not the recording operation is finished is monitored, and when the end of the recording operation is detected,
Go to step # 8.

In step # 8, it is judged whether or not recording has been performed on the entire surface of the disc. If there is still a recordable area, the process proceeds to step # 10. Step # 10
Then, the PMA information is recorded and the process returns to the previous step # 1. On the other hand, as a result of the determination made in step # 8,
When recording is performed on the entire surface of the disc (when no recordable area remains), TOC information is recorded and a lead-out is created in step # 9, and the flow of FIG. 5 is terminated.

The recording operation on the CD-R disc is performed by the processing of the above steps # 1 to # 11. This C
When a recordable area exists in the D-R disc, additional recording can be performed regardless of the intention of the owner or administrator of the CD-R.

[0023]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As already mentioned,
In a CD-R disc, if an error occurs for some reason during the recording operation and recording of information fails, the track cannot be additionally recorded or reproduced, and the recording fails. Has the problem of being wasted. However, as described in the flow of FIG. 5 above, in the case of a recordable area, the CD-R disc is additionally written regardless of the intention of the owner or administrator of the CD-R. It is possible to

Therefore, a CD on which valuable data is recorded
-R may be recorded by a third party without knowing it, leaving a problem in data protection. The present invention
The problem is to solve such inconvenience, and C
By adding information to the D-R disc that cannot be recorded additionally by a third party, the intention or prohibition of additional recording by the owner or manager of the corresponding CD-R is specified (claims 1 to 3). In addition to the above), the additional write operation by the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus is disabled (invention of claim 4) even when the recording operation is started by mistake, so that valuable data can be surely protected.

[0025]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in a write-once type optical disc, information indicating prohibition of the write-once recording that can be confirmed by human eyes is provided outside a user recordable area. ing.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the optical disc of the first aspect, the information indicating the prohibition of the additional recording is formed by radial marks on a sheet formed concentrically with the optical disc.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the optical disc of the first or second aspect, the information indicating the prohibition of the write-once recording is removable.

According to the invention of claim 4, a sensor is provided for detecting the presence or absence of the information indicating the prohibition of the additional recording on the optical disk set in the apparatus, and when the sensor detects the information indicating the prohibition of the additional recording, the sensor is concerned. The recording operation on the optical disc is stopped.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of an optical disk and an optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. This embodiment corresponds to the inventions of claims 1 to 4. First, the optical disc will be described. Here, as an example of the optical disc, the case of the CD-R disc described in FIG. 4 will be described.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a CD-R disc having information indicating that additional recording is not possible. (1) shows a W / P seal and CD-R disc before attachment. (2) is a CD-R with a W / P seal
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the disc is attached. In the figure, 1 is a W / P (write protect) sticker, 2 is a CD-R disc, and 2a is its user recordable area.

As already described with reference to FIG. 4, the CD-R disc 2 is provided with the user recordable area 2a on the outer peripheral side thereof. According to the present invention, as the information indicating that additional recording is not possible, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1 (1), the CD-R disc 2 is located outside the user recordable region 2a, that is, on the rotation center side. W concentric with disk 2
Attach the / P (write protect) sticker 1.

A part of the W / P seal 1 is marked in black or the like, for example, and whether a third party cannot additionally record depending on the presence / absence of the W / P seal 1. You can visually confirm whether or not. W / P seal 1
Is the CD-R disc 2 in the state as shown in FIG.
Pasted in.

By sticking the W / P sticker 1, the CD-R disc 2 is temporarily made additionally recordable, but by peeling the W / P sticker 1, it can be made recordable again ( Inventions of claims 1 to 3). W / P attached to this CD-R disc 2
If the sticker 1 is used with an optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus as shown in FIG. 2 below, the presence or absence of the sticking is accurately detected and additional writing is prohibited, so additional writing by the owner or manager of the corresponding CD-R is performed. The prohibition will be realized more reliably (the invention of claim 4).

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the main configuration of the optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention. The reference numerals in the figure are the same as those in FIG. 1, 3 is a W / P sensor, 4 is a pickup, 5 is a spindle motor, 6 is a motor, 7 is a write analog processor, 8 is a read analog processor, and 9 is ATIP.
Decoder 10, servo circuit, 11 EFM / CIRC
Decoder, 12 EFM / CIRC encoder, 13 system controller, 14 D / A converter, 15 ECC /
EDC decoder, 16 is an ECC / EDC encoder, 1
7 is an A / D converter, 18 is an I / F (interface)
The circuit is shown.

The optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 2 has the same basic hardware configuration as that of the conventional apparatus except that the W / P sensor 3 is added. According to the flow shown in FIG. 3 below, the control of the entire system including the determination as to whether or not the write is prohibited is performed. The W / P sensor 3 has a function of detecting the information added to the outside of the user recordable area and indicating that the additional recording is impossible.

To facilitate understanding, the operation common to the conventional one will be briefly described. The system control unit 13 is a CPU
Etc., a microprocessor (central processing unit), a RAM as memory means, a ROM in which programs and the like are stored, and the like, and has a function of controlling the entire system of FIG. Also controls the.

The write data sent from the host computer (not shown) includes I / F (interface) circuit 18, ECC / EDC encoder 16, EFM / CIR.
It is given to the pickup 4 via the C encoder 12 and the light / analog processor 7. The read data from the CD-R disc 2 is sent to the host computer side via the pickup 4, the read / analog processor 8, the EFM / CIRC decoder 11, the ECC / EDC decoder 15, and the I / F circuit 18. The pickup 4 records / reproduces various information in the user recordable area of the CD-R disc 2.

First, at the time of recording, in the ECC / EDC encoder 16 and the EFM / CIRC encoder 12,
After the write data received from the host computer side is subjected to ECC code generation and interleaving in accordance with the command write mode, it is EFM modulated and sent to the write / analog processor 7 and given to the pickup 4 for writing. During reproduction, the signal from the pickup 4 is sent to the read / analog processor 8, E
The FM / CIRC decoder 11 and the ECC / EDC decoder 15 perform EFM demodulation to perform processing to restore ECC and interleave, and then send it from the I / F circuit 18 to the host computer side.

The CD-R disc 2 is rotationally driven by the spindle motor 5, and the pickup 4 is driven by the motor 6.
Is moved to a desired position on the CD-R disc 2. Various servo systems such as the spindle motor 5 and the motor 6 are controlled by the servo circuit 10, and the position on the CD-R disk 2 in this case is controlled by the output from the ATIP decoder 9. The above is the operation common to the conventional apparatus.

As described above, the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention is provided with the W / P sensor 3 to detect the presence / absence of the W / P seal 1 shown in FIG. Since the W / P seal 1 shown in FIG. 1 is partially provided with a black mark or the like, the output of the W / P sensor 3 is changed at this portion. Therefore, the presence / absence of the W / P seal 1 can be detected, and when the detection signal indicating the presence of the seal is transmitted to the system control unit 13, the system control unit 13 prohibits additional writing (write operation) to the CD-R disc 2. To do. Other operations are similar to those of the conventional device. The flow of the recording operation of the optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the main processing flow during the recording operation on the CD-R disc in the optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention. In the figure,
# 1 to # 11 indicate steps similar to those in FIG. 5, and # 12 indicates added steps.

The flow of FIG. 3 is basically the same as that of FIG. 5 shown as a conventional example, except that step # 12 is added. Then, in step # 1, the CD-R
When it is detected that the disc has been set, the process proceeds to step # 12, and it is determined whether additional recording is prohibited. If appending is prohibited, immediately step #
9 and the flow of FIG. 3 ends. On the other hand, when the additional writing is not prohibited, the processing from step # 2 onward is performed as in the conventional case.

As described above, in the optical disc and the optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention, the W / P seal 1 is concentrically formed with the CD-R disc 2 outside the user recordable area 2a of the CD-R disc 2. Paste this W /
Additional recording is prohibited for a disc having the P-seal 1. This W / P seal 1 is visible to a third party, and as shown in FIG. 2, if the W / P sensor 3 is provided in the optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus, the CD-R disc 2 is set. When this is done, the presence / absence of the W / P seal 1 (whether or not additional recording is possible) can be reliably detected. Also,
By removing the W / P seal 1, the prohibition of the additional recording can be released.

[0044]

According to the optical discs of the first to third aspects, the external area of the user recordable area has information indicating prohibition of the additional recording that can be confirmed by human eyes. Therefore, by looking at the optical disc, even a third party other than the owner or the administrator can easily know whether or not the additional recording is prohibited, so that valuable data is protected.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the optical disc of the first aspect, the information indicating the prohibition of additional recording is formed by radial marks on a sheet formed concentrically with the optical disc. Therefore, like the optical disc of the first aspect, it can be confirmed by human eyes and can be accurately detected by the sensor at the predetermined position.

According to the optical disc of claim 3, in the optical disc of claim 1 or 2, the information indicating the prohibition of the additional recording is removable. Therefore, it is possible to notify the third party of the prohibition of additional recording, and it is possible to perform additional recording again by removing the prohibition of additional recording (peeling the prohibited sheet) as necessary. Become.

According to the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus of claim 4,
A sensor that detects the presence or absence of information indicating the prohibition of additional recording on the optical disk set in the device is provided, and when the information detection sensor detects information indicating the prohibition of additional recording, the recording operation on the optical disk is stopped. I am letting you. Therefore, in the optical discs of claims 1 to 3, when the write-once recording is prohibited, the recording operation is automatically disabled, and valuable data can be surely protected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a CD-R disc having information indicating that additional recording is not possible.

FIG. 2 shows an optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention,
It is a functional block diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the main part composition.

FIG. 3 shows an optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention,
It is a flow chart which shows the flow of the main processing at the time of record operation to a CD-R disc.

FIG. 4 is a diagram conceptually showing each session of a user recordable area of a CD-R medium.

FIG. 5 shows a conventional optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus for a CD
7 is a flowchart showing the flow of main processing when recording on an R disc.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 W / P (write protect) seal 2 CD-R disc 2a User recordable area 3 W / P sensor 4 Pickup 5 Spindle motor 6 Motor 7 Write analog processor 8 Read analog processor 9 ATIP decoder 10 Servo circuit 11 EFM / CIRC decoder 12 EFM / CIRC encoder 13 System control unit 14 D / A converter 15 ECC / EDC decoder 16 ECC / EDC encoder 17 A / D converter 18 I / F (interface) circuit

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A write-once type optical disc, which has information indicating prohibition of write-once recording, which can be confirmed by human eyes, outside a user recordable area. 2. The optical disc according to claim 1, wherein the information indicating prohibition of the write-once recording is formed by radial marks on a sheet formed concentrically with the optical disc. 3. The optical disc according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the information indicating prohibition of the write-once recording is removable. 4. A sensor for detecting the presence or absence of information indicating prohibition of additional recording on the optical disk set in the device, and when the sensor detects information indicating prohibition of additional recording, the sensor detects the information indicating prohibition of additional recording. An optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus characterized by stopping a recording operation.