JPH08568A - Scanning video device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a scanning video device capable of viewing stereoscopically an examine by scanning a reflected luminous flux from the examine with a luminous flux and passing through a scanning optical system, separating it to two luminous fluxes in a luminous flux cross-section and forming two kinds of videos provided with parallax by signals from two photodetectors. CONSTITUTION:The luminous flux emitted from a laser beam source 1 illuminates the slit part of a slit opening 2, and a slit image is main-scanned in a horizontal direction by a rotary polygonal mirror 7, and is sub-scanned in a vertical direction by a galvanomirror 10, and is image-formed to a slit on a fundus oculi Ef after passing a pupil Ep to be inspected, thus, the fundus oculi Ef is scanned in two-dimensional fashion. The reflected luminous flux from the fundus oculi Ef is reflected on the galvanomirror 10, then on the rotary polygonal mirror 7, and is reflected downward at the peripheral part of a perforated mirror 5, then, it passes the opening of a diaphragm 13, and is divided into two right and left luminous fluxes, and they arrive to corresponding photoelectric sensors 16a, 16b. Output from the photoelectric sensors 16a, 16b are converted into a pair of right and left video signals by a signal processor 17, and are displayed on video display means 18a, 18b as moving images.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a scanning image device for scanning a subject to visualize it.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional scanning image device such as a scanning ophthalmoscope scans a light beam radiated on a subject in a point-like manner while receiving a reflected light beam by a photoelectric sensor through the same optical path as the irradiation light beam. The signal is visualized on the TV monitor,
An image with excellent resolution and contrast can be obtained.

However, the conventional example has the advantage that the resolution is good, but since the reflected light beam is taken out from the same optical path as the irradiation light beam and is received by the photoelectric sensor, a stereoscopic image cannot be obtained.

[0004]

The object of the present invention is to:
It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a scanning image device capable of stereoscopically viewing a subject.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a scanning optical system for projecting a light beam on a subject and scanning the subject with the light beam, and a scanning optical system for scanning the subject. The reflected light beam from the subject is separated into two light beams through the scanning optical system and within the light beam cross section, and is received by two corresponding photodetectors; and a signal from the two photodetectors A scanning image device comprising: an output unit for forming two types of images having different parallaxes of a sample.

A second invention for achieving the above object is to provide a scanning optical system for scanning a fundus by projecting a light flux having a predetermined spread on the fundus of the eye to be examined, and reflection from the fundus. The light fluxes are taken out from two regions on different pupils through the scanning optical system, and the respective light fluxes are received by two corresponding photodetectors through pinholes which are substantially conjugate to the fundus and smaller than the spread of the projected light fluxes on the fundus. And a light receiving system and an output unit for forming two types of images having different parallaxes of the subject by the signals from the two photodetectors.

A third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned structure, the output section forms a video image in real time in a moving image.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a laser light source, 2 is a slit aperture,
3 is a relay lens, 4 is a diaphragm for limiting the light flux, 5 is a perforated mirror having an opening in the central portion, 6 is a relay lens, 7
Is a rotary polygon mirror, 8 and 9 are relay lenses, 10 is a galvanometric mirror, 11 is a rotating means for rotating and scanning the galvanometric mirror 10, and 12 is an objective lens. Reference numeral 13 denotes a diaphragm that extracts two light beams from different areas on the pupil, and has two apertures as shown in FIG. 14 is a relay lens, 15 is a pinhole, and 16a and 16b are
Photoelectric sensor, 17 is a signal processor, 18a, 18b are
The image display means 19a and 19b are finder lenses. Ef is the fundus of the eye to be inspected, and Ep is the pupil of the eye to be inspected.

The diaphragm 4, the rotary polygon mirror 7 and the galvanometric mirror 10 are arranged conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be examined. The rotary polygon mirror 6 is horizontal (main scanning) and the galvanometric mirror 8 is vertical. Then, the (sub-scanning) light beam is scanned. The slit opening 2 and the pinhole 15 are conjugated to the fundus of the eye to be inspected, and the slit of the slit opening 2 has a longitudinal direction in the main scanning direction. Aperture 13 aperture, photoelectric sensor 1
6a and 16b are arranged eccentrically with the optical axis in the main scanning direction.

In such a structure, the light beam emitted from the laser light source 1 illuminates the slit portion of the slit opening 2. The slit image illuminated in this way passes through the lens 3, the aperture of the diaphragm 4, the aperture of the perforated mirror 5 and the lens 6, and is main-scanned in the horizontal direction by the rotary polygon mirror 7 and passes through the lenses 8 and 9. , Is sub-scanned in the vertical direction by the galvanometer mirror 10, passes through the objective lens 12, passes through the pupil Ep of the eye to be inspected, and a slit is imaged on the fundus oculi Ef. The slit scans the fundus two-dimensionally. The reflected light flux from the fundus thus illuminated passes through the pupil Ep, the objective lens 12, is reflected by the galvanometer mirror 10, passes through the lenses 9 and 8, and
The light is reflected by the rotary polygon mirror 7, passes through the lens 6, is reflected downward by the peripheral portion of the perforated mirror 5, passes through the aperture of the diaphragm 13, and is split into two right and left light beams, passes through the lens 13 and the pinhole 15, The divided two light beams reach the corresponding photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b, respectively. in this way,
The light intensity reaching the photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b is converted into an electric signal and transmitted to the signal processor 17. The signal processor 17 converts the outputs from the photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b during scanning of the fundus into a pair of left and right video signals, which are respectively displayed as moving images on the image display means 18a and 18b in real time. The examiner uses the finder lenses 19a and 19
through b, the left and right eyes display means, 18
The fundus images displayed on a and 18b are observed. Since the left and right images are obtained by observing the fundus with parallax from different directions on the pupil of the eye to be inspected, the examiner can stereoscopically observe the fundus.

Next, the principle of stereoscopic observation will be described with reference to FIGS.
Will be explained. 3 to 5 are principle views showing the entrance and exit states of the light flux at the fundus, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the cross section of the light flux at the pupil. In FIG. 6, Ep is the pupil of the eye to be inspected, and Ei
Represents the entrance area of the fundus illumination light, and Er and El represent the exit area of the reflected light flux from the fundus, respectively. Also,
3 to 5, Pi is a light flux that illuminates the fundus from Ei, and 15i is a fundus projection image of the pinhole 15. Pr is a region E on the pupil of the reflected light flux from the fundus.
r is a light flux passing through the pinhole 15. Also Pl
Is a light flux that passes through the region El on the pupil and the pinhole 15 among the light flux reflected from the fundus. 3-5 are of the fundus of the
FIG. 3 is a diagram that captures the moment of scanning an uneven area. FIG. 3 shows the case where the image plane of the pinhole 15 and the fundus of the eye coincide with each other. In the case of the back, FIG. 5 shows the case where the fundus of the eye is in front of the image plane of the pinhole 15. From FIG. 3, when the image forming plane of the pinhole 15 and the fundus of the eye coincide with each other, the light fluxes Pr and Pl
It is understood that is a reflected light beam from the same part of the fundus, and the photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b receive the reflected light beam from the same part of the fundus. 4 and 5, when the fundus of the eye is at the back or front of the image plane of the pinhole 15, the light flux P
r and Pl are reflected light beams from different parts of the fundus, and the photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b receive signals having different intensities. By receiving light through a pinhole that is smaller than the projected light flux on the fundus of the eye (projected image of the fundus), signals can be sent to both detectors even when the fundus of the eye deviates from the pinhole image plane. Obtainable. Therefore, parallax occurs in the video signal generated by the signal processor 17 based on the signal, and the examiner can stereoscopically observe the fundus of the eye to be inspected by observing these images with the left and right eyes. Of. In this way, by making the light receiving target area on the fundus smaller than the illumination area by the pinhole 15, it is possible to form an image with different brightness on the left and right, that is, parallax.

In the above-described embodiment, the photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b are arranged after the pinhole 15, but as shown in FIG.
Photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b may receive light through 20b and pinholes 21a and 21b. In this case, there is an effect that the photoelectric sensors 16a and 16b can be easily arranged.

[0013]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, a scanning image apparatus capable of stereoscopically viewing a subject is realized, and stereoscopic information with high contrast can be obtained with a simple structure.

Further, according to the second invention, a scanning image apparatus capable of stereoscopically viewing the fundus of the eye to be inspected with accurate parallax is realized, and stereoscopic information of the fundus having high contrast can be obtained with a simple structure.

Further, according to the third invention, such stereoscopic information with high contrast can be obtained as a moving image in real time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an arrangement according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an aperture of a diaphragm 13.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the principle of stereoscopic observation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the principle of stereoscopic observation.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the principle of stereoscopic observation.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing how light beams are separated on a pupil.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an arrangement of pinholes and lens light receiving elements according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Laser Light Source 2 Slit Aperture 3 Relay Lens 4 Aperture 5 Hole Mirror 6 Relay Lens 7 Rotating Polygonal Mirror 8,9 Relay Lens 10 Galvanometric Mirror 11 Rotating Means 12 Objective Lens 13 Aperture 14 Relay Lens 15 Pinhole 16a, 16b Photoelectric Sensor 17 signal processor 18a, 18b image display means 19a, 19b finder lens

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A scanning optical system for projecting a light beam on a subject and scanning the subject with the light beam, and a reflected light beam from the subject scanned by the light beam, which passes through the scanning optical system and a light beam. A light receiving system that splits into two light beams in the cross section and is received by two corresponding photo detectors, and an output unit for forming two types of images having different parallaxes of the subject by the signals from the two photo detectors. And a scanning image device. 2. A scanning optical system for projecting a light flux having a predetermined spread on the fundus of the eye to be examined and scanning the fundus, and a reflected light flux from the fundus through two regions on different pupils through the scanning optical system. From the two photodetectors, a light receiving system in which the respective light fluxes are substantially conjugate to the fundus and are received by corresponding two photodetectors through pinholes smaller than the spread of the projected light flux on the fundus. A scanning image device, comprising: an output unit for forming two types of images having different parallaxes of an object according to a signal. 3. The scanning image device according to claim 1, wherein the output unit forms a moving image in real time.