JPH08338220A - Magnetic plug with alarming sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To predict serious damage in a rotary part by opposedly arranging a pair of an S poles and an N poles in a permanent magnet and arranging a single magnetic sensor between the poles. CONSTITUTION: Both of an S pole and an N pole in a magnetic powder collecting permanent magnet 8 exposed to an oil sump are opposedly arranged, and iron magnetic powder 4 is densely collected in the vicinity of the S pole and the N pole, while between the poles, the iron magnetic powder 4 is accumulated along line of magnetic force thinly as against in the vicinity of the poles. In operation of a vehicle, a change in a quantity of the iron magnetic powder 4 accumulated between the poles, in which a magnetic flux density is comparatively large, is detected by means of a magnetic sensor 9 arranged between the S pole and the N pole in the magnetic powder collecting permanent magnet 8. In the detection, a magnetic shield wall 10 is arranged so as to eliminate direct influence of the magnetic force from the permanent magnet 8 on the magnetic sensor 9. In this way, serious damage in a circuit part due to a partial defect such as pitching and spalling in a gear can be predicted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetic plug used in a sealing device containing a gear device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a hermetically sealed device including a gear device of a railway vehicle, a gear and a bearing are often integrally lubricated. For this reason, if cutting chips remain, or if some foreign matter is mixed in during use, the lubricating oil will intervene between the bearing rotation contact surfaces and gear tooth surfaces, causing flaws and, in some cases, seizure, which may cause train damage. May interfere with the operation of. Further, if either one of the bearing and the gear becomes poorly lubricated and causes abnormal wear or loss, the other, which has no abnormality, may be damaged. Even so far, roller guides that receive the thrust force of bearings have abnormal wear due to insufficient lubrication, causing so-called "flame burning," which causes play in the thrust direction, cage damage due to seizure, and damage to iron gears caused by damage to gears. There are examples of causing a serious vehicle failure such as biting. There are also cases in which damage to the bearing is caused by the loss of the tooth surface caused by the expansion of contact fatigue damage such as pitching and spalling that occurs on the tooth surface.

The purpose of the magnetic plug is to capture such cutting chips, abrasion powder, and chips (hereinafter referred to as iron magnetic powder) from the lubricating oil to prevent the occurrence and spread of damage. When such damage occurs, an abnormally large amount of iron magnetic powder than usual is captured by the magnetic plug. As shown in FIG. 6, the conventional magnetic plug captures the iron magnetic powder 4 with the permanent magnet 1, and is installed in the oil sump portion below the gear box. Therefore, the trapped state of the iron magnetic powder cannot be known unless the lubricating oil is removed and the magnetic plug is removed. The damage that occurs during vehicle operation has a process from the occurrence to the destruction damage, and when a serious accident occurs, the elapsed time is the periodic inspection cycle that can remove the magnetic plug and observe the trapped state of iron magnetic powder Since it is shorter, there are many cases where it cannot be discovered in advance. Therefore, for the purpose of predicting these damages in advance, various methods for diagnosing abnormality without draining the lubricating oil of the gear box have been studied.

As an example thereof, a ferrography method in which lubricating oil is collected by inspection at a vehicle depot to detect an abnormality from a morphological inspection of metal particles in the oil, and an abnormality is detected by measuring meshing sound and vibration during rotation. Vibration analysis method, etc. Also, as a method for constantly detecting the iron magnetic powder captured by the magnetic plug, a device that can be installed at the position of a transparent oil level gauge to monitor the iron magnetic powder captured state of the magnetic plug from the outside (Actual Development Sho-58-34042) And Fig. 7
As shown in Fig. 2, two permanent magnets 1 are installed side by side, and it is attempted to detect an abnormality by measuring the resistance with a tester or the like at the time of inspection by utilizing the fact that the iron magnetic powder accumulated during this causes electrical conduction between the magnets. Invented (Jitsuko Sho 61-3466), a lubricating oil inspection channel for iron magnetic particles was constructed, and electrodes with a magnet sandwiched between them were formed. A method of generating an abnormality detection alarm when an external coil is inductively coupled to the coil connected to the coil and the degree of accumulation of particles is measured from the change in inductance and a certain amount is reached (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-03242). -21862),
and so on.

[0005]

However, such a method has the following problems. 1) In the ferrography method, the analytical equipment is expensive and there are few cases of damage, so it will be difficult to set the judgment standard in the future, and even if the standard is established, it requires considerable skill for judgment. 2) Vibration analysis method is available online for stationary machines for industrial use.
Although there are application examples of monitoring and periodic diagnosis, in the case of a vehicle, the irregular vibration due to external excitation is superimposed on the vibration due to the rotation of the drive device while the vehicle is running, and at the stage where abnormal vibration can be distinguished, In many cases, the risk of damage increases rapidly, and it is extremely rare for early prediction to be possible.

3) In the method of installing the magnetic plug on the gage level part, there is a risk of damaging the gage level window due to collision of flying objects such as ballast stones on the track, and a large transparent window cannot be installed. Also, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to observe the state of capturing iron magnetic powder due to deterioration of transparency due to contamination of the lubricating oil and contamination of the observation window. 4) The method for checking the continuity between the two magnets by iron magnetic powder is
The iron magnetic powder is oxidized and covered with an insulating lubricating oil so that the conductivity is poor. Also, in the binary determination of the presence or absence of conduction, even a relatively slight accumulation of iron magnetic powder may cause an abnormal determination,
On the contrary, there is a problem that the alarm is not issued even for abnormal deposition.

5) A method for monitoring the conduction of iron magnet powder between the magnets by providing a specific passage for the lubricating oil is a magnetic plug which is premised on setting the passage for the lubricating oil such as an aircraft turbine engine forcibly circulating. It is a dual-purpose particle detector, which has a flow path that is too complicated to be applied to a vehicle drive device, and has the above-mentioned drawbacks of detecting electric resistance change due to iron magnetic powder deposition. . The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to solve these drawbacks.

[0008]

Means for achieving the object is to make a pair of permanent magnet SN poles opposite to each other in a magnetic plug attached to a sealing device containing a gear unit, and place the poles in the middle of the poles. It consists in arranging one magnetic sensor. Further, in a magnetic plug attached to a sealing device containing a gear device, two SN poles of a pair of permanent magnets are placed opposite to each other, and two magnetic sensors are placed outside the opposing poles symmetrically with respect to a center line connecting the poles. To place. In addition, a sensor that senses the proximity of the magnetic body to the magnetic sensor is used. Further, a sensor for detecting that a magnetic pole of a small magnet composed of iron magnetic particles connected from one magnetic pole is close to the magnetic sensor is used. Further, a sensor that senses a change in magnetic flux density is used as the magnetic sensor.

That is, the SN poles of a pair of permanent magnets are placed opposite to each other for capturing the iron magnetic powder, and the magnetic sensor is arranged between the poles. As a result, unstable sensing such as electric resistance of the deposited iron magnetic powder can be avoided, and it has become possible to continuously measure changes in the deposition degree of the iron magnetic powder. In addition, since there is no need to provide a complicated lubricating oil flow path, the structure is simple and compatibility with conventional magnetic plugs can be maintained,
There is no need to change the design of the gearbox. Furthermore, it is free from vibrations and disturbances such as flying objects. The monitoring result can be displayed online in the crew cabin abnormally if the circuit configuration is determined based on a certain criterion, and no skill is required.

[0010]

The operation will be described in combination with the embodiment described below. An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0011]

1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of claim 1 and claim 2 of the present invention. The principle of the present invention is to provide a magnetic sensor 9 between the S and N poles of the magnetic powder capturing permanent magnet 8 exposed in the oil sump to detect the captured iron magnetic powder 4. The iron magnetic powder 4 is densely trapped in the vicinity of both SN poles, and is deposited between the poles along the lines of magnetic force less densely than in the vicinity of the poles. Figure 2
3 is a perspective view of a detection unit 6 in the embodiment of claim 1. FIG.
In order to detect a change in the amount of iron magnetic powder deposited between the poles having a relatively high magnetic flux density with one magnetic sensor 9a during vehicle operation, the magnetic shield wall 10 is provided and the magnetic force line of the permanent magnet to the magnetic sensor 9a is provided. It is necessary to eliminate the direct effects of.

FIG. 3 shows the detection unit 6 in the embodiment of claim 2.
It is a perspective view of. During vehicle operation, iron magnetic powder accumulated between the poles having a relatively high magnetic flux density forms a magnetic path, so that the magnetic field strength changes in a region having a relatively small magnetic flux density away from the center line connecting the poles. This change is detected by two opposing magnetic sensors 9b. In this case, it is better that there is no magnetic shield wall. There are various types of magnetic sensors, and claim 3 is a case where a sensor for detecting the proximity of a magnetic body is used. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, a sensor is used that detects the deposition of iron magnetic powder by using the method of detecting the resistance loss of the current induced in the detection metal by the high frequency induction as the impedance change of the oscillation coil.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a case of using a sensor for detecting the proximity of the pole of a small magnet formed of iron magnetic powder that is continuous from one magnetic pole. In the embodiment of FIG. 2 or the embodiment of FIG. 3, for example, an N-pole detecting Hall element is used. Further, claim 5 is a case where a sensor for detecting a change in magnetic flux density is used. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, two magnetoresistive elements (MR elements) whose electric resistance is changed by a magnetic field are used and are placed in a region having a relatively low magnetic flux density.

The permanent magnet 8, the magnetic sensor 9, the magnetic shield wall 10, the lead wire 11 and the like housed in the detecting portion 6 are fixed with an insulating resin or the like. The iron magnetic powder deposition degree obtained by these magnetic sensors can be converted into an analog signal by the circuit configuration example of FIG. 4 (Examples of claims 3 and 4) or FIG. 5 (Example of claim 5). In this case, if the dangerous iron magnetic powder deposition degree is binarized by setting a certain threshold value, not only can it be monitored at regular inspections during vehicle inspection, but it can also be issued as an alarm when it is incorporated into the on-board monitoring system. it can.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Abnormal wear such as brim burning of bearings in power transmission devices,
It enables prediction of serious damage to rotating parts such as gear pitching and partial defects such as spalling. In particular, the inspection method of the present invention can be easily incorporated into a start-up inspection that does not involve disassembly for the purpose of discovering an initial failure of a newly manufactured vehicle, detecting wear of a long-running vehicle, and the like. It can also be used as sensing of an abnormal alarm for crew members.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of claim 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a detection unit showing an embodiment of claims 2, 3, and 4.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a detection unit showing an embodiment of claims 2, 3, and 4.

FIG. 4 is a signal output circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a signal output circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional magnetic plug.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional magnetic plug.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Permanent Magnet 2 Screw Plug 3 Gear Box 4 Iron Magnetic Powder 5 Insulating Plate 6 Detector 7 Output Terminal 8 Permanent Magnet 9 Magnetic Sensor 9a Magnetic Sensor 9b Magnetic Sensor 10 Magnetic Shield Wall 11 Lead Wire R Resistance Di Diode C Capacitor A Amplifier

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI Technical display area G08B 21/00 G08B 21/00 A

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An alarm, characterized in that, in a magnetic plug attached to a sealing device containing a gear device, SN both poles of a pair of permanent magnets are opposed to each other, and one magnetic sensor is arranged between the poles. Plug with sensor for use. 2. A magnetic plug attached to a sealing device containing a gear device, wherein SN both poles of a pair of permanent magnets are placed opposite to each other, and two SN poles that are symmetrical with respect to a center line connecting the poles are located outside the opposing poles. Magnetic plug with a sensor for alarm, which is equipped with a magnetic sensor. 3. The magnetic plug with an alarm sensor according to claim 1, wherein a sensor that senses that a magnetic material is close to the magnetic sensor is used. 4. The magnetic plug with an alarm sensor according to claim 1, wherein a sensor for detecting that a magnetic pole of a small magnet composed of iron magnetic powder connected from one magnetic pole is close to the magnetic sensor is used. 5. The magnetic plug with an alarm sensor according to claim 1, wherein a sensor that senses a change in magnetic flux density is used as the magnetic sensor.