JPH08332173A - Sphygmomanometry by bloodless type sphygmomanometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To make it possible to continuously measure blood pressure values without applying a physical and mental burden on a testee. CONSTITUTION: This sphygmomanometer has a cuff 11 for hemostasis mounted on the root side of the finger, a cuff 12 for detection mounted on its front end side and a cuff 13 for measurement mountedat the finger different from the finger. After the pressure to detect microvibration waveforms are applied on the cuff 12 and the cuff 13, the pressure to dissipate the microvibration waveforms in the cuff 12 is applied on the cuff 11 and thereafter, the pressure of the cuff 11 is gradually reduced and the pressure of the cuff 11 at the point of the time the microvibration waveforms in the cuff 12 appear first during the process thereof is held as the max. reference blood pressure value. In succession, the pressure of the cuff 11 is gradually reduced and the pressure of the cuff 11 at the point of the time the microvibration waveforms in the cuff 12 exhibits the min. value during the process thereof is held as the min. reference blood pressure value. From this point on, the max. blood pressure value and min. blood pressure value of every one beat waveform of the microvibration waveforms in the cuff 13 are continuously determined from the prescribed conversion equation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blood pressure measuring method using a non-invasive blood pressure monitor. More specifically, it is possible to continuously measure the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value for each beat. The present invention relates to a blood pressure measuring method using the non-invasive blood pressure monitor.

[0002]

Non-invasive blood pressure monitors are roughly classified into a microphone method, an oscillometric method and a volume compensation method. In the microphone method, as schematically shown in FIG. 5, the cuff (air bag) 1 is wrapped around the subject's arm to such an extent that it is not tightened, and the microphone 2 is placed on the artery below the cuff 1, The microphone 2 is connected to the Korotkoff sound detection circuit 4.

Then, air is injected into the cuff 1 by the pressurizing / depressurizing means 3, and the arm is tightly closed to stop the blood flow. After a while
The internal pressure of the cuff 1 is gradually and gradually reduced until the Korotkoff sound detection circuit 4 detects a unique sound called Korotkoff sound. Further, the internal pressure of the cuff 1 is slightly reduced until the Korotkoff sound disappears. According to this microphone method, the pressure value in the cuff 1 when the Korotkoff sound is generated is set as the systolic blood pressure value, while the pressure value in the cuff 1 when the Korotkoff sound disappears is set as the diastolic blood pressure. The systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value are read by the mercury column or the pressure gauge 5.

Next, in the oscillometric method, as shown in FIG. 6, the cuff 1 is wrapped around the subject's arm or finger to such an extent that the cuff 1 is not tightened, and air is injected into the cuff 1 by the pressurizing and depressurizing means 3. Tighten your arms or fingers to stop blood flow. Then, the pressurizing / depressurizing means 3 depressurizes the internal pressure of the cuff 1 at a very low speed.
Observe at U (Central Processing Unit) 7. In this method, the cuff internal pressure at the point where the amplitude of the micro-vibration waveform becomes maximum during the slow decompression process is taken as the average blood pressure, and a specific constant is applied to the maximum amplitude to obtain the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value,
Those values are displayed on the display 8.

On the other hand, in the volume compensation method, as shown in FIG. 7, the cuff 1 having the photosensor 1a is wrapped around the finger of the human body without being tightened. Then, while the blood flow is detected by the photo sensor 1a, the CPU 7 controls the pressure increasing / decreasing means 3 so that the blood flow becomes constant, and the internal pressure of the cuff 1 is increased or decreased. The pressure fluctuation amount of the cuff 1 at this time is detected as an arterial pulse wave via the pressure sensor 6, and based on this, the blood waveform is displayed in units of one wave on the display 8
Is displayed in.

[0006]

Among the above methods, the microphone method is generally used, but if ambient noise is large, the Korotkoff sound becomes difficult to hear. Further, it has been pointed out that the slow measurement for a long time may cause blood stasis due to the tightening of the cuff, and further, a measurement error due to a difference in the measurement time is likely to occur.

Although the oscillometric method is not affected by ambient noise, it has the problem of congestion due to slow measurement for a long time as in the case of the microphone method, and even if the intracuff pressure is higher than the maximum blood pressure value. Since a minute vibration waveform is detected, it is difficult to obtain absolute numerical data.

On the other hand, according to the volume compensation method, it is possible to continuously display the blood pressure value for each beat without excessively tightening a finger or the like. It requires an expensive control system and has a cost problem. In addition, it is necessary to input the data of the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value for each individual in advance, which is not preferable in operation.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional circumstances, and an object thereof is a simple structure, but without imposing a physical or mental burden on a subject.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a blood pressure measuring method using a non-invasive blood pressure monitor capable of continuously measuring a blood pressure value.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hemostasis cuff attached to the base side of a predetermined finger and a detection cuff attached to the tip side of the same finger. A measuring cuff attached to a finger different from the above-mentioned fingers, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of each of the cuffs and the pressure increasing and reducing means connected to each of the cuffs, and controlling the pressure increasing and reducing means. A blood pressure measuring method by a non-invasive blood pressure monitor comprising a control means for obtaining a systolic blood pressure value and a diastolic blood pressure value based on a pressure signal obtained from each of the pressure sensors, wherein the pressure detecting means detects the blood pressure. Applying a pressure capable of detecting at least a minute vibration waveform due to pulse pressure to the measurement cuff and the measurement cuff,
After making it possible to continuously observe the minute vibration waveform from the measurement cuff by the control means, apply pressure to the hemostatic cuff to eliminate the minute vibration waveform in the detection cuff, and thereafter. The pressure of the hemostatic cuff is gradually reduced, and the pressure of the hemostatic cuff at the time when the micro-oscillation waveform first appears in the detection cuff during the depressurization process is held as the reference systolic blood pressure value, and then the hemostatic cuff is continuously used. The pressure of the cuff is gradually reduced, and the pressure of the hemostatic cuff at the time when the microvibration waveform in the detection cuff shows the minimum value in the depressurization process is held as a reference minimum blood pressure value, and thereafter, By substituting the maximum value and the minimum value for each beat waveform of the minute vibration waveform detected from the measurement cuff into a predetermined conversion formula, it is possible to continuously obtain the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value for each beat. It is a symptom.

In this case, the conversion formula is as follows: the maximum value of the measurement cuff at the time of detection of the reference systolic blood pressure value and the reference systolic blood pressure value, and the detection time of the reference diastolic blood pressure value and the reference diastolic blood pressure value. It is calculated from the relationship with the minimum value of the above measurement cuff.

The detection cuff and the measurement cuff are
It is preferable that they are connected to the same pressurizing and depressurizing means, and
The pressurizing and depressurizing means may be a general-purpose pump and open / close valve,
According to this, the device can be configured more rationally.

As the detecting cuff and the measuring cuff, it is possible to use a cuff of a type in which a pulse wave is detected by a photo sensor.

[0014]

[Function] A microvibration waveform as an arterial pulse wave is constantly detected from the measurement cuff. On the other hand, one operation of the hemostasis cuff (stop of blood flow → slow decompression) detects the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value from the detection cuff.
At the time of detection of both the reference systolic blood pressure value and the reference diastolic blood pressure value, the ratio of the reference systolic blood pressure value to the corresponding maximum value of the microvibration waveform of the measurement cuff, and the diastolic reference blood pressure value and the corresponding The conversion formula is obtained from the ratio of the minimum value of the micro-vibration waveform of the measuring cuff, and thereafter, the maximum value and the minimum value of each wave of the micro-vibration waveform of the measuring cuff are substituted into the above-mentioned conversion formula to obtain the maximum blood pressure. Values and diastolic blood pressure values are determined.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In carrying out this blood pressure measuring method, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, three finger cuffs, that is, a hemostasis cuff 11, a detection cuff 12, and a measurement cuff 13 are used.

Although each of these cuffs 11 to 13 may have the same structure, the hemostasis cuff 11 and the detection cuff 12 are attached to the same finger, in this example, the index finger, and the measurement cuff 13 is a different finger. , In this example, it is attached to the middle finger. In this case, the hemostatic cuff 11 is placed on the base side of the index finger,
The detection cuff 12 is attached to the tip side thereof. The measurement cuff 13 does not have to be specified in particular and may be anywhere on the middle finger, or may be a finger other than the index finger and the middle finger in some cases.

Each of these cuffs 11 to 13 is a pressurizing / depressurizing means 1.
4 is connected. In this embodiment, the pressure increasing / decreasing means 14 includes two air pumps 15a and 15b and three electromagnetic valves 16a to 16c. Of these, one air pump 15a is connected to the hemostasis cuff 11 via the solenoid valve 16a, and the other air pump 15b is connected to the detection cuff 12 via the solenoid valve 16b.
It is also connected to the measuring cuff 13 via c.

Further, pressure sensors 17a to 17c for detecting the internal pressure of the cuffs 11 to 13 are connected to the respective cuffs 11 to 13, and the respective detection signals are taken into a CPU (central processing unit) 18. ing. CPU18
Controls the pressure increasing / decreasing means 14 based on these detection signals, and displays the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value for each beat on the display unit 19.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described based on the waveform diagrams of FIGS. 2 and 3 and the flowchart of FIG. 2 shows the internal pressure change curve 11a of the hemostasis cuff 11,
A pressure waveform 12a obtained from the detection cuff 12 and a minute vibration waveform 13a obtained from the measurement cuff 13 are shown, and in this case, the pressure waveform 12a and the minute vibration waveform 13a are in a synchronous relationship. Further, FIG. 3 illustrates a waveform obtained by enlarging a part of the minute vibration waveform 13a obtained from the measurement cuff 13.

First, from the air pump 15b to the solenoid valve 16
Air is supplied to the detection cuff 12 and the measurement cuff 13 via b and 16c to the extent that a minute vibration waveform can be sufficiently detected (step ST1). Next, air is sent from the air pump 15a to the hemostasis cuff 11 via the electromagnetic valve 16a to eliminate the minute vibration waveform in the detection cuff 12 (step ST2).

Thereafter, the solenoid valve 16a is opened and closed at a predetermined timing to slightly reduce the internal pressure of the hemostatic cuff 11 as shown by the internal pressure change curve 11a in FIG. 2 (step ST3).
Then, in the depressurizing process, it is detected that a minute vibration waveform appears in the detection cuff 12 (step ST
4), the internal pressure of the hemostasis cuff 11 at that point (point G in FIG. 2) is read and held as the systolic blood pressure value (GH), and as shown in FIG. The value (gH) of the highest point g corresponding to that point in the vibration waveform 13a is recorded (step ST5).

Subsequently, the internal pressure of the hemostasis cuff 11 is slightly depressurized (step ST6), and when the time when the minimum vibration waveform 12a in the detection cuff 12 is recorded (point I in FIG. 2) is detected (step ST7). , The internal pressure of the hemostasis cuff 11 at that time is read and held as the minimum blood pressure value (IL), and as shown in FIG. 3, at the time in the minute vibration waveform 13a from the measurement cuff 13. The value (iL) of the corresponding lowest point i is recorded (step ST8).

Thus, the value (gH) of the highest blood pressure value (GH) and the highest point g of the minute vibration waveform 13a corresponding to it, and the lowest blood pressure value (IL) and the lowest point of the minute vibration waveform 13a corresponding thereto are obtained. After detecting the value of i (iL), a conversion formula for calculating the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value based on the micro-vibration waveform 13a obtained from the measurement cuff 13 is obtained thereafter (step ST
9).

In this embodiment, the simplest linear equation below is adopted as the conversion equation. y = a × x + b where y is the blood pressure value to be obtained, x is the value of the microvibration waveform, and a,
b is a constant. In order to obtain these constants a and b, the systolic blood pressure value (GH) and the value of the maximal point g (gH), and the value of the diastolic blood pressure value (IL) and the minimal point i (iL) are applied to the above-mentioned linear expressions, respectively. Then, the following two formulas are set up. GH = a * gH + b IL = a * iL + b Thereby, a and b are calculated as follows. a = (GH-IL) / (gH-iL) b = GH-gH * {(GH-IL) / (gH-iL)}

Here, for example, GH = 130 and IL = 7
0, gH = 100, iL = 50, a = 1.2,
When b = 10, the actual conversion formula is y = 1.2 × x + 10. Therefore, when the value x of the minute vibration waveform is 80, the blood pressure value y at that time is 106 (mmHg).

Thereafter, for each point of the highest point j and the lowest point k, the highest point 1 and the lowest point m ... Appearing for each beat of the minute vibration waveform from the measuring cuff 13, the systolic blood pressure value and The minimum blood pressure value is calculated (step ST10) and displayed on the display device 19 (step ST11).

The storage and calculation of each of the above data,
The control of the pump and the electromagnetic valve is executed by the CPU 18 according to a program written in advance in a ROM or the like. Further, the heart rate from the detection of the systolic blood pressure value in step ST4 to the detection of the diastolic blood pressure value in step ST7 arbitrarily changes depending on the time.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Only once the tightening of the hemostasis cuff and the slow decompression operation are performed, the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value for each beat can be continuously obtained. Therefore, the blood pressure can be measured without giving the subject a mental or physical burden including a feeling of restraint by the cuff.

Further, as a constitution, three finger cuffs are used,
Since the control of the pressure increasing / decreasing means, the retention of data, and the calculation are performed by the CPU, a general-purpose device can be used, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration for carrying out a blood pressure measurement method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an internal pressure waveform of each finger cuff.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged waveform diagram of a minute vibration waveform obtained from the measurement cuff.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a microphone method as a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an oscillometric method as a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a volume compensation method as a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Cuffs for hemostasis 12 Cuffs for detection 13 Cuffs for measurement 14 Pressurizing / depressurizing means 15a, 15b Air pumps 16a-16c Electromagnetic valves 17a-17c Pressure sensors 18 CPU 19 Indicator

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A hemostatic cuff attached to the base side of a predetermined finger, a detection cuff attached to the tip side of the same finger, and a measurement cuff attached to a finger different from the finger. And a pressure sensor that is connected to each of the cuffs and a pressure sensor that detects the pressure of each of the cuffs, and that controls the pressurizing and depressurizing means, and the systolic blood pressure based on the pressure signal obtained from each of the pressure sensors. A method of measuring blood pressure by a non-invasive blood pressure monitor, comprising: a control means for determining a blood pressure value and a diastolic blood pressure value, wherein: Applying pressure that can detect the vibration waveform,
After making it possible to continuously observe the minute vibration waveform from the measurement cuff by the control means, apply pressure to the hemostatic cuff to eliminate the minute vibration waveform in the detection cuff, and thereafter. The pressure of the hemostatic cuff is gradually reduced, and the pressure of the hemostatic cuff at the time when the micro-oscillation waveform first appears in the detection cuff during the depressurization process is held as the reference systolic blood pressure value, and then the hemostatic cuff is continuously used. The pressure of the cuff is gradually reduced, and the pressure of the hemostatic cuff at the time when the microvibration waveform in the detection cuff shows the minimum value in the depressurization process is held as a reference minimum blood pressure value, and thereafter, By substituting the maximum value and the minimum value for each beat waveform of the minute vibration waveform detected from the measurement cuff into a predetermined conversion formula, it is possible to continuously obtain the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value for each beat. Blood pressure measuring method according to the non-invasive blood pressure meter for the butterflies. 2. The conversion formula is the maximum value of the measurement cuff at the detection time point of the reference systolic blood pressure value and the reference diastolic blood pressure value, and the conversion value at the detection time point of the reference diastolic blood pressure value and the reference diastolic blood pressure value. The blood pressure measuring method using a non-invasive blood pressure monitor according to claim 1, wherein the blood pressure is obtained from the relationship with the minimum value of the measurement cuff. 3. The blood pressure measuring method using a non-invasive blood pressure monitor according to claim 1, wherein the detecting cuff and the measuring cuff are connected to the same pressurizing and depressurizing means. 4. The blood pressure measuring method using a non-invasive blood pressure monitor according to claim 1, wherein the pressurizing / depressurizing means comprises a pump and an opening / closing valve. 5. The blood pressure measurement by the non-invasive blood pressure monitor according to claim 1, wherein the detection cuff and / or the measurement cuff is a cuff of a type in which a pulse wave is detected by a photo sensor. Method.