JPH08316897A - Satellite communication system and its method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the satellite communication system easily introduced where information of each stricken area is quickly and surely collected in the case of the occurrence of a disaster such as an earthquake. CONSTITUTION: A center station 102 contains plural extensions of a PBX 103. Each portable earth station 107 corresponds one to one to extensions contained by the PBX 103 and the center station 102 relays information of each extension to the portable earth station 107 corresponding to each extension. A frequency band of a communication satellite 101 used for transmission from each portable earth station 107 to the center station 102 and a frequency band of the communication satellite 101 used for transmission from the center station 102 to each portable earth station 107 are secured in a steady state. Furthermore, each portable earth station 107 is made small in size by being carried by a person or a motorcycle.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a satellite communication system in which earth stations communicate with each other via a communication satellite, and more particularly to a satellite communication system suitable for collecting information on each disaster-stricken area in the event of a disaster or the like. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A micro earth station (VSA) via a communication satellite.
(T) As a telephone line network using a satellite communication system for communicating with each other, a telephone line network is known in which a satellite line is assigned by a demand-on-assign method according to a call from an earth station.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, it is necessary to promptly collect information on each disaster-stricken area.
It is extremely important for taking effective disaster countermeasures.

However, in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, the public telephone line network on the ground may be damaged due to the disconnection of communication channels. In addition, in a public line network, calls may be difficult to connect due to the concentration of calls. Therefore, in the event of a disaster, it cannot be expected to collect information on each disaster area promptly by telephone using the public telephone line network.

On the other hand, according to the telephone line network using satellite communication as described above, since the communication path is wireless, it is unlikely to be unusable due to a disaster or the like. Moreover, since satellites are used, it is possible to communicate from a certain point to various areas in the wide area affected by the disaster.

In other words, it can be said that the satellite communication system is a system suitable for promptly collecting information on each disaster-stricken area in the event of a disaster. However, even if it is a satellite communication system, if it is a public network, it is unavoidable that it becomes difficult to connect the telephone due to the concentration of calls. On the other hand, in case of a disaster, setting up earth stations in various places and constructing a satellite communication system equipped with even a call exchange function exclusively for disasters imposes heavy burdens in terms of cost, equipment, etc. Without the provision, the system cannot be used flexibly in the event of a disaster. In addition, the earth stations established in various places were damaged,
In the event of a disaster, it may not be available.

Therefore, the present invention makes it possible to collect information on each damage value promptly and reliably in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake.
And it aims at providing the satellite communication system which can be easily introduced.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve the above object,
The present invention has a center station and a plurality of portable earth stations that communicate with each other via a communication satellite, and the center station is capable of accommodating a plurality of extensions of a private branch exchange and the accommodated extensions. A call from the accommodated extension is connected to the portable earth station corresponding to the extension via the allocating means for allocating the portable earth station to the portable earth station on a one-to-one basis, and the call from the portable earth station is transferred. There is provided a satellite communication system, comprising: a connecting portion connected to an extension corresponding to the portable earth station.

According to the satellite communication system of the present invention,
The call from the extension of the private branch exchange accommodated in the center station is connected to the portable earth station corresponding to the extension by the center station, and the call from the portable earth station is the premises corresponding to the portable earth station. Connected to the extension of the exchange.

Therefore, the portable earth station can be used just like an extension telephone of a private branch exchange. Further, as the call exchanging function in the present system, the exchanging function of the existing private branch exchange is utilized, so that the introduction of the present system is easy and easy to introduce because the cost and facility are small. Further, the present system can be used not only from an extension telephone connected to an extension housed in a private branch exchange, but also from a public telephone line network relayed by the private branch exchange. When using from an extension telephone, the communication in this system can be secured regardless of the damage and congestion of the public telephone line network, and when using from the public telephone line network, a portable earth station can be used at any point. You can collect information from.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a satellite communication system according to the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a satellite communication system according to this embodiment.

In the figure, 101 is a communication satellite, and 102 is a center station, which is a transmitter / receiver 310 and a terminal station 3.
Includes 60. 107 is a portable earth station, 104 is an extension telephone, 105 is a public communication network, and 103 is a public communication network 1
PBX 108 connected to 05 is a general public network telephone connected to the general public network. The PBX 103 is a private branch exchange equipped with a plurality of extensions installed in a premises such as a business office,
A plurality of extension telephones 104 on the premises are accommodated in the extension.

In such a configuration, the center station 102
Accommodates a plurality of extensions of the PBX 103. Each portable earth station 107 has one extension and one that the PBX 103 accommodates.
Corresponding to the pair 1, the center station 102 connects each extension to the portable earth station 107 corresponding to the extension. Between the center station 102 and the portable earth station 107, there is a TDM between the center station 102 and each portable earth station 107.
A signal is transmitted by a (time division multiplex) method. In addition, a signal is transmitted from each portable earth station 107 to the center station 102 by a CDMA (code division multiplexing) method using a spread spectrum method.

From each portable earth station 107 to the center station 102
The frequency band of the communication satellite 101 used for transmission to the mobile station and the frequency band of the communication satellite 101 used for transmission from the center station 102 to each portable earth station 107 are constantly secured. In addition, the portable earth station is miniaturized so that it can be carried manually or by auto-buy.

With such a configuration, the telephone set 108 connected to the public network 105 and the extension telephone set 104 directly connected to the PBX 103 are the same as those communicating with the extension telephone set 104 connected to the PBX 103 in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake. With such a procedure, it is possible to communicate with the portable earth station 107 carried to the disaster area. Therefore, it is possible to quickly collect information on the disaster area from the telephone connected to the public network 105 or the extension telephone 104. Further, in the present system, since the existing PBX exchange function is used as the system exchange function, the introduction of the present system is easier than the case of introducing a completely independent system dedicated to a disaster.
In addition, regardless of the disaster situation such as public communication network,
Extension telephone 104 directly connected to the extension of PBX 103
Communication with the portable earth station 107 can be reliably ensured. Moreover, the extension telephone 104 that communicates with the portable earth station 107 does not have to be a dedicated one, and may be used as the normal extension telephone 104.

Here, the transmission format used by the center station 102 for transmission and the transmission format used by each portable earth station 107 for transmission will be described.

First, the transmission format used by the center station 102 for transmission will be described.

FIG. 2 shows a transmission format used by the center station 102 for transmission.

As shown in the figure, the center station 102 time-division-multiplexes and transmits one reference frame 1 and one portable earth station frame 2 per one portable earth station 107.

The reference frame 1 is for all portable earth stations 1
The frame received at 07, frame mark 1
a, an identifier 1b, a center station ID 1c, and control data 1d. The frame mark 1a is pattern data for recognizing the reference frame in the portable earth station 107, the identifier 1b represents that the frame is the reference frame, and the center station ID 1c is Indicates the ID of the center station that transmitted the reference frame. In addition, the control data 1d is
The content of common control performed for all portable earth stations 107 is shown.

Next, the portable earth station frame 2 is a frame that is received by each portable earth station 107.
It comprises a frame mark 2a, a portable earth station ID 2b, a permission flag 2c, and message data 2d. The frame mark 2a is pattern data for the portable earth station 107 to recognize the frame for the portable earth station, and the portable earth station ID 2b receives the frame for the portable earth station. The permission flag 2c is information indicating the identification of the portable earth station 107, and the permission flag 2c is a flag for instructing the portable earth station 107 specified by the portable earth station ID whether to permit transmission. Next, the message data 2d is a message.
Message 2d-2 and message ID2 indicating the type of message
It is composed of d-1. In this embodiment, the voice data 2d-21 and the control data 2d are used as the message transmitted from the center station 102 to the portable earth station 107.
-24, ringing tone data 2d-23, and busy tone data 2d-22 are sent. Unique values for each data are message IDs (2d-11, 2d-12, 2d-13, 2).
d-14) is added.

Next, the transmission format used by each portable earth station 107 for transmission will be described.

FIG. 3 shows a transmission format used by each portable earth station 107 for transmission.

As shown, each portable earth station 107
Repeatedly transmits the transmission frame 5. The transmission frame transmitted by each portable earth station 107 is transmitted by the CDMA method by spread spectrum as described above.

The transmission frame 5 includes frame marks 5a,
It is composed of a portable earth station ID 5b and message data 5c. The frame mark 5a is pattern data for identifying the transmission frame at the center station 102, and the portable earth station ID 5b is an identification of the portable earth station 107 that has transmitted the transmission frame. This is information to represent. Next, the message data 5c is composed of a message 5c-2 and a message ID 5c-1 indicating the type of the message. In the present embodiment, as a message transmitted from the portable earth station 107 to the center station 102,
The voice data 5c-21, dial information 5c-22, and control data 5c-24 are sent. Unique values for each data are message IDs (5c-11, 5c-12, 5c-1).
4) is added.

Next, details of the portable earth station 107 will be described.

FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the transmission / reception system of the portable earth station 107.

As shown, the portable earth station 107 is
Antenna 200, transceiver 210, line connection control unit 23
0, telephone section 240, control section 250, selection sections 251, 25
2, a display 260, and an input unit 270.

Further, the transceiver 210 has a modulator 213,
Spread spectrum encoder 214, up-converter 21
5, a transmission amplifier 216, a reception amplifier 217, a down converter 218, a demodulator 219, a demultiplexer 222, a reception level detector 223, and a frequency filter 221. Although not shown, the telephone unit 240 includes a handset, a dial key, and the like.

In such a structure, the portable earth station 1
Reception of the signal from the center station 102 at 07 is performed as follows.

That is, the Ku band (14 GHz) signal from the center station 102 received by the antenna 200 is attenuated by the frequency filter 221 at a component of 14 GHz or higher, and then amplified by the reception amplifier 217 to be downconverted. 218 converts the signal into a signal having a frequency of 1 GHz. The signal converted to the frequency of 1 GHz is demodulated by the demodulator 2
It is demodulated in 19 and output to the demultiplexer 222.

From the received signal, the demultiplexer 222 separates the reference frame 1 and the portable earth station frame 2 having the own station ID 2b as the portable station ID from the received signal, and passes it to the selection unit 251. . The selection unit 251 performs the error correction processing of the passed frame, and then the content 1a of the reference frame 1.
.About.1d, the permission flag 2c in the portable earth station frame 2, and the control data 2d-24 in the message data 2d of the portable earth station frame 2 are sent to the control unit 250. Voice data 2d-21 and ringing tone data 2 in the message data 2d of the frame 2 for portable earth stations
The data d-23 and the page-sound data 2d-22 are sent to the line connection controller 230. Here, the types of these data are identified by each message ID.

The control unit 250 receives the reference frame center station ID 1c, the control data 1d, the permission flag 2c in the frame 2 for the portable earth station, and the control data 2d-.
The display on the display 260 and the operation of each unit are controlled according to the contents of 24. For example, when the permission flag 2c indicates that transmission is not permitted, the transceiver 210 is controlled to suppress transmission. In addition, the received center station ID is displayed on the display 2
60 is displayed.

On the other hand, the line connection control unit 230 has the selection unit 2
Depending on the contents of the data received from 51, the telephone unit 240
Control. The telephone section 240 is controlled by outputting a ringing tone according to the ringing tone data 2d-23 and a beeping tone telephone section 24 according to the beeping tone data 2d-22.
0 to the handset, the voice data 2d-21
Of the audio signal represented by the audio decoding and audio data
0 is included in the handset.

The signal amplified by the reception amplifier 217 is also sent to the reception level detector 223. The reception level detector 223 detects the field intensity of the reception signal and notifies the control section 250. The control unit 250 displays the level transmitted from the reception level detector 223 on the display 260 in response to the input from the input unit 270.

On the other hand, the portable earth station 107 to the center station 1
The transmission to 02 is performed as follows.

That is, the telephone section 240 outputs to the line connection control section 230 a voice signal input to the handset, a signal indicating the on-hook / off-hook state of the handset, and a signal indicating the input content from the dial key. . The line connection control unit 230 sends a message ID5c-to these signals.
1 (5c-11 to 5c-24) is added, and voice data 5
c-21, dial information 5c-22, and message data 5c-2 are created and sent to the selection unit 252. On the other hand, the control unit 2
Reference numeral 50 is message data 5 in which the message ID 5c-14 is added to the control data 5c-24 sent to the center station 102.
c is sent to the selection unit 252.

The selecting unit 252 appropriately adds an error correction code and the like to each received message data, and then adds the portable earth station ID 5b and the frame mark 5a of its own station to the above-mentioned transmission. Frame 5 is created, and modulator 213 is sequentially created.
Send to.

The modulator 213 modulates the received transmission frame into a signal having a frequency of 1 GHz. The modulated signal is spread-spectrum coded by the spread spectrum coder 214 so that the spectrum is spread.
The spread spectrum coded signal is then converted by the up converter 215 into a Ku band signal, for example, 14 GHz.
Is converted into a signal having a frequency of, is amplified by the transmission amplifier 21 and is sent to the antenna 200. The antenna transmits this amplified signal to the communication satellite.

Next, the configuration of the center station 102 will be described.

The structure of the center station 102 is shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, the center station 102 includes an antenna 300, a transceiver 310, and a subscriber line connection controller 32.
0, a control unit 330, and selection units 340 and 350.

The transmitter / receiver 310 receives a signal sent from each portable earth station 107 by the antenna 300 via the communication satellite using the Ku band, demodulates and decodes the signal, and each portable earth station 107 receives the signal. To the selection unit 340. The selection unit 340 performs error correction processing of the transmission frame for each of the separated portable earth stations 107, and controls data 5c- contained in the transmission frame 5.
The 24 message data 5c and the portable earth station ID 5b are sent to the control unit 330, and the other message data 5c-21 to 5c-22 are sent to the transmission frame.
Based on the correspondence between the portable earth station ID 5b included in the frame and the portable earth station ID preset by the control unit 330 and the extension, the portable earth station ID 5b included in the transmission frame is set to the portable earth station ID 5b. The line corresponding to the corresponding extension is selected and is sent to the subscriber line connection control unit 320 from this. The subscriber line connection control unit 320 controls the extension assigned to each portable earth station 107, that is, the extension corresponding to the line receiving the message data, according to the content of the received message data 5c. The extension is controlled by the extension DC loop control according to the control data 5c-24 received as message data from the corresponding portable earth station 107, and the DTMF according to the dial key information.
This includes output of sound extensions and decoding of audio data and output to extensions.

On the contrary, the subscriber line connection control section 320 detects the state of the extension for each extension. That is, for example, the presence / absence of a ringing tone signal on the extension and the presence / absence of a beep sound are detected. Then, according to the detected state, ringing tone data 2d-23 and message tone data 2d-22 are generated, and each message ID 2d-
Message data 2d with 13,2d-12 added,
It is sent to the selection unit 350 via the line corresponding to the extension.
In addition, the voice signal received from the extension is encoded, and the encoded voice data 2d-21 has a message ID 2d-11.
The message data 2d added with is sent to the selection unit 350.

The control unit 330 also controls each portable earth station 1
The message data 2d in which the message ID is added to each message individually sent to 07 is sent to the selection section 350 together with the portable earth station ID 2b of the portable earth station 107 to which the message data is sent. In addition, the control unit 33
0 creates the above-mentioned reference frame and sends it to the selection unit 350. The selection unit 350 receives the message data 2d (2) corresponding to each extension received from the subscriber line connection control unit 320.
d-21 to 2d-23) and the message data 2d (2d-24) for each portable earth station from the control unit 330 are accepted. Then, regarding the message data received from the subscriber line connection control unit 320, the extension and the portable earth station ID preset by the control unit 330 are set.
Based on the above correspondence, regarding the message data of each portable earth station from the control unit 330, the portable earth station ID of the destination portable earth station 107 is calculated from the portable earth station ID sent together with the message data. Is recognized, and the error correction code is appropriately added to each of the portable earth stations 107 of the transmission destination, and the recognized portable earth station ID 2b is added to each portable earth station 107 for the portable earth station 107. Frame
Create 2 Then, these and the reference frame 1 received from the control unit 330 are time-division multiplexed and the transceiver 31
Send to 0. The transceiver 310 modulates the received frame signal and transmits it to a communication satellite. Here, the control unit 33
0 creates the above-mentioned basic frame and control data according to the operation of the operator performed through the input unit 360.

With the above configuration, the center station 10
No. 2 uses not only voice data but also information for controlling extension calls between the PBX 103 and the portable earth station 107 to use the portable earth station 107 in the same manner as a normal extension telephone. Will be able to. In the above example, a PBX having the most general analog telephone line interface as an extension interface is assumed as the PBX 102, and ringing tone data or a beep tone is used as information for controlling a call. Center station 10 for data, on-hook / off-hook information and dial information
2 and the portable earth station, and the extension and the portable earth station 107 were controlled based on these. However, the information sent and received for call control and the control based on these are PBX10.
It changes according to the extension interface of 2. For example, P
If the extension interface of the BX 102 is the basic interface of ISDN, the call control information of the D channel or the synchronization information of the layer 1 level may be used as the information transmitted and received for call control.

Further, with the above-mentioned configuration, the center station and each portable earth station 107 can mutually exchange control data.

Therefore, the extension is not assigned to each portable earth station 107 from the beginning, but the control unit 25 of the activated portable earth station 107 is activated when the system is started up.
0 transmits a connection request as control data, and the control unit 330 of the center station that receives the connection request sends the selection request to the selection units 340 and 350.
By notifying the correspondence between the extension and the portable earth station ID,
The extension is assigned to the portable earth station that has transmitted the connection request, and then the permission flag described above is set to a value indicating permission of transmission and transmitted to the portable earth station that has transmitted the connection request. May be allowed to be called.

Further, since the center station 102 can remotely control each portable earth station 107 by using the control data and the permission flag, any portable earth station 107 can be selected as the portable earth station 107 for communication. You can Therefore,
For example, a plurality of center stations 102 may be provided as shown in FIG. 6, and each center station 102 may communicate with any one of the plurality of mobile earth stations 107. However, in this case, the specific center station 1
02, the portable earth station 107 with which the center station communicates is designated to each center station via the communication path 120. In this case, the control unit 330 of each center station 102
By notifying the selection units 340 and 350 of the correspondence between the extension and the portable earth station ID, the extension is dynamically assigned to the portable earth station. As described above, even if the center station with which the portable earth station 107 communicates is not fixed, each portable earth station 107 displays the received center station ID on the display 260 as described above. Therefore, the user can recognize the center station with which he / she communicates.

Next, the structure of the portable earth station 107 used in this embodiment will be described.

FIG. 7 shows the appearance of the portable earth station 107.

As shown, the portable earth station 107 is
It has a trunk type structure composed of a lid part 700 and a main body part 710 connected by a hinge 713, and the figure shows a state where the lid of the trunk is closed. As shown, the trunk has a handle 711 for easy carrying and a latch mechanism 7 for holding the lid in a closed state.
12 are provided. A turntable 720 for rotating the main body in the horizontal direction is provided at the bottom of the main body 710, and the main body 710 is rotated by rotating the head (knob) 721 of the worm gear. Can be fixed by rotating it in any direction.

FIG. 8 shows a lid portion 70 of the portable earth station 107.
Shows 0 open.

As shown in the figure, the lid 700 of the portable earth station 107 is composed of an antenna support plate 701 pivotally attached to the main body 710 by a hinge 713, and an antenna 200 attached to the antenna support plate 701. . That is,
The outer wall of lid 700 also serves as an antenna. Antenna 2
Reference numeral 00 denotes a planar antenna, and as shown in FIG. 9, the antenna support plate 701 is attached by a pivot 702 so as to be rotatable along the upper surface of the antenna support plate 701, and the antenna 200 is fixed by a polarization angle adjusting screw 703. It can be rotated and fixed at any angle. FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of the planar antenna and the antenna support plate taken along a vertical cross section passing through the pivot 702. Polarization angle adjusting screw 70 in the figure
By rotating 3 along the guide groove 704 and tightening the polarization angle adjusting screw 703, the antenna 200 can be fixed at a desired angle.

Further, in addition to the above, an inclinometer 705, the above-mentioned reception amplifier 217, etc. are attached to the antenna support plate 701 as shown in the figure. In addition, the antenna support plate 70
1, an elevation angle adjusting bar 706 is pivotally attached.

Next, on the upper surface of the main body 710, the handset 714 of the telephone section 240, the display 260, the dial key 715 of the telephone section 240, the input section 270 including a function key, and the azimuth magnet 716 are provided. Has been.
A holding member 717 that holds one end of the elevation angle adjusting bar 706 swingably is provided so that it can be slid stepwise along the slide groove 718.

The elevation angle adjusting bar 706 is detached from the holding material 717 when the lid 700 is closed and is housed between the main body 710 and the lid 700. On the other hand, when giving an elevation angle to the antenna 200, it is attached to the holding member 717. With one end of the elevation adjustment bar 706 attached to the holding member 717,
The elevation angle of the antenna 200 can be adjusted by gradually sliding the holding agent 717 along the slide groove 718.

Next, a lower portion of the main body 710 is provided with a turret for rotating the main body 710 in the horizontal direction as described above.
Table 720 is provided, and by using this, the main body can be rotated and fixed in an arbitrary direction. FIG. 11 shows a sectional view of this turntable. The turn table 720 includes a bearing table 723 pivotally attached to the main body 710 by a pivot 722, a gear wheel rotating with the main body on the bearing table, and a cover fixed to the bearing table. 724 and the main body 710
And a worm gear 721 meshed with the gear 725. A part of the head (knob) of the worm gear 721 is exposed from an opening provided in the cover so that the user can freely rotate it. In such a configuration,
With the rotation of the gear 721, the gear 725 moves to the main body 710.
Rotate horizontally with.

Now, the portable earth station 1 according to the present embodiment
07 receives Ku-band linearly polarized radio waves from a communication satellite. Therefore, before carrying out communication using the portable earth station 107, the antenna 200 is directed to the azimuth and elevation angle of the antenna surface of the antenna 200 and the communication satellite 101, and the antenna is rotated so as to match the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave. Need to let.

According to the portable earth station 107 of the present embodiment, such a planar antenna can be adjusted as follows.

That is, first, referring to the direction indicated by the direction magnet 716, the worm gear 721 is rotated to rotate the main body 710.
To the direction of the communication satellite 106. Next, the elevation adjustment bar-7
One end of 06 is attached to the holding member 717, and the holding member 717 is gradually slid along the slide groove 718 with reference to the angle indicated by the inclinometer 705 so that the elevation angle of the antenna 200 matches the elevation angle of the communication satellite. Then, the polarization angle adjusting screw 703
By moving the guide groove 704 and tightening the polarization angle adjusting screw 703 to adjust the angle of the antenna 200 in the direction perpendicular to the communication satellite direction to the polarization angle of the radio wave received from the communication satellite 106. .

Here, since the azimuth, elevation angle, and polarization angle of the communication satellite can be calculated from the current position, the above operation can appropriately set the orientation and rotation angle of the antenna. However, in actual use, fine adjustment of the orientation of the antenna 106 is required. According to portable earth station 107 according to the present embodiment, this fine adjustment can be performed with reference to the level of the received radio wave displayed on display 260 as described above. That is, the input unit 271
When the display level of the reception level is requested from the control unit 250,
Since the level transmitted from the reception level detector 223 is displayed on the display 260, the orientation of the main body 710, the antenna 2 and
The elevation angle and the rotation angle of 00 may be finely adjusted.

Next, the antenna 20 of the portable earth station 107
0 will be described.

FIG. 12 shows the structure of the antenna 200.

In the figure, 1a is a slot plate made of a conductive member such as an aluminum plate or a steel plate, and 2a is a slot formed in the conductive member. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d are foam members having a low dielectric constant and are spacers. 4a, 5
a is a low loss film substrate. Reference numerals 4b and 5b denote linear polarization antenna elements, which are formed on the film substrates 4a and 5a by etching, printing with conductive ink, or the like.

Like 1a, 1b is a slot plate made of a conductive material such as an aluminum plate and a steel plate, and 2b is 2a.
And a slot formed in the conductive member. or,
Reference numeral 4c is a feeder line for the array antenna element 4b formed on the low loss film substrate 4a, and 5c is a feeder line for feeding the array antenna element 5b formed on the low loss film substrate 5a. Reference numeral 6 is a filter circuit formed on the film substrate, and 1c is a ground conductor made of a conductive member such as an aluminum plate or a steel plate.

The array antenna formed on the film substrate 4a is a receiving antenna, and the array antenna formed on the film substrate 5a is a transmitting antenna. In the planar antenna according to the present embodiment, the linearly polarized antenna element 4b of the receiving antenna is excited by the radio wave of the receiving frequency, and the linearly polarized antenna element 5 of the transmitting antenna is
b is excited by the transmission frequency and radiates a radio wave. The frequencies of the received radio wave and the transmitted radio wave are different, and the polarization planes of both radio waves are orthogonal. Radio waves pass through slots 2a and 2b, respectively. Or, it is reflected by the ground conductor 1c.

The excited linearly polarized antenna element 4b functions as one antenna element with the slots 2a and 2b and the linearly polarized antenna element 5b, and the linearly polarized antenna element 5b has the elements 2a and 2b. The linearly polarized antenna elements of the slots and 4b function as one antenna element.
The size of the antenna element is independently determined regardless of the number of antenna elements and the interval between the antenna elements, and specifically,
It is determined from the permittivity of the medium around the antenna element and the resonance condition of the radio wave used. For example, when a rectangular patch antenna element is used, the length of the antenna element with respect to the excitation direction of the antenna element is about 0.5 normalized by the wavelength of radio waves when the medium around the antenna element is a vacuum. become.

Here, since the electric field vibration direction of the linearly polarized radio wave radiated from the antenna element 5b is orthogonal to the electric field vibration direction of the linearly polarized wave electric wave received by the antenna element 4b, they are mutually opposite. It does not receive radio waves. However, the radio wave radiated from the linearly polarized antenna element 5b is
Since it has a slight vibration direction component of the electric field orthogonal to the excitation direction of the antenna element, it is received by the antenna element 4b having the excitation direction of the electric field orthogonal to the excitation direction of the antenna element.

For example, the power of the transmission frequency band radiated from the transmission antenna is 1 W and the isolation is 35 dB.
Then, it is expected that, out of the power of 30 dBm transmitted from the transmission antenna, the power of -5 dBm will be received by the reception antenna.

If this electric power enters the above-mentioned receiving amplifier as it is, it becomes impossible to receive the electric wave which should be originally received from the communication satellite. Therefore, when the allowable input level of the transmission frequency band of the receiving amplifier is -35 dBm, 30 dB
A frequency filter with a blocking amount of must be placed in front of the receiving amplifier. However, it is not desirable to use such a high-performance frequency filter in terms of price and size.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, for this purpose, the pattern filter 6 having the same structure as the antenna element is formed on the same surface as the receiving antenna surface, thereby attenuating the transmission frequency component to some extent. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the need for a frequency filter in the preceding stage of the receiving amplifier, or to make the amount of blocking smaller than in the past.

For example, if a pattern filter having the same amount as the antenna element and a blocking amount of 30 dB is formed on the same surface as the antenna surface, the frequency filter to be arranged in front of the receiving amplifier becomes unnecessary.

Here, the shape of the pattern filter 6 is shown in FIG.
3, FIG. 14 and FIG.

In FIG. 13, 6a to 6i are strip lines having different characteristic impedances. 13, FIG. 14, and FIG. 15 are half-wavelength coupling filters, respectively. These are formed as a part of the power supply line 4c. That is,
The received signal of the receiving antenna is input from the point a on the power feeding line 4c, passes through the pattern filter 6, and passes through the point b on the power feeding line 4c.
Output from The design of the frequency characteristics of such a pattern filter is described in detail in "Communication Microwave Circuit" (edited by The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) P101-P103.

In this example, the pattern filter is provided only on the receiving antenna surface, but the pattern filter may be provided on the transmitting antenna surface. For example, a noise component having a frequency lower than 14 GHz (for example, 13 GHz) generated by the characteristics of the transmission amplifier may be formed by a pattern filter provided on the power feeding line 5c of the transmission antenna.

Here, FIG. 16 shows the connection between the planar antenna and the transceiver 210 described above. 20 in the figure
Reference numeral 0 is a planar antenna in which the pattern filter 6 is formed on the receiving antenna surface, and the frequency filter 221 has a waveguide having an input / output unit for inputting a radio wave obtained by coaxial waveguide conversion 11a of the output of the feed line 4c. Is a waveguide filter. Further, the reception amplifier 217 is also a waveguide type amplifier, but includes a conversion unit that converts an output into an electric signal. Further, the output of the transmission amplifier 216 is once converted into a radio wave by coaxial waveguide conversion, then 11b, and converted again.
1c is input to the power supply line 5c as an electric signal.

Now, the directional characteristics of the antenna 200 according to this embodiment will be described.

The directional characteristic F of the array antenna is an array factor f representing a term including the directional characteristic g of the antenna element, the spatial arrangement of each antenna element, the feed amplitude, and the feed phase.
Is expressed by the following equation 1.

[0081]

[Equation 1]

Here, as shown in the coordinate system shown in FIG. 17, θ representing the inclination from the axis perpendicular to the antenna surface is the zenith angle, and it is on the antenna surface and represents the angle from the x-axis on the antenna surface. Is the azimuth angle.

First, for simplicity, consider an array factor f of a linear array antenna only when a plurality of antenna elements are arranged along a straight line along the x-axis at equal intervals and the azimuth angle φ is zero. In this case, it is assumed that the intended communication satellite is located on the line connecting the azimuth angles of 0 degree and 180 degrees.
The number of antenna elements is N, and the antenna element spacing is d.
When power is fed to each antenna element at the same amplitude and the same phase, the array factor f is expressed by the following equation 2. In this case, since the feeding phase for each antenna element is the same for all the antenna elements, the peak of the directional characteristic is in the vertical direction with respect to the plane on which the antenna is arranged. That is, since the peak of the directional characteristic is oriented in the direction of θ = 0 and the phase is the same for all the antenna elements, the antenna efficiency can be increased and the antenna aperture area can be reduced.

[0084]

[Equation 2]

In Expression 2, k represents the free space wave number of the radio wave, and j represents the imaginary number. Since Equation 2 is the sum of geometric progressions, it can be rewritten as Equation 3 below.

[0086]

(Equation 3)

Therefore, if the above Equation 3 becomes _{0 in} the direction of a certain specific direction θ ₀ , F (θ ₀ ) representing the directivity characteristic in the θ ₀ direction becomes 0 (this is called a null point) from Equation 1. ,
not emit radio waves theta ₀ direction or the directional characteristic does not receive the radio waves from the theta ₀ direction. Since the numerator on the right-hand side of Equation 3 needs to be 0 in order for Equation 3 to become 0, the following Equation 4
Should be satisfied.

[0088]

[Equation 4]

In Expression 4, m represents an integer other than 0. Number 4
According to, no radio wave is emitted in the θ ₀ direction, or
In order not to receive the radio wave from the θ ₀ direction, the number N of antenna elements and the distance d between antenna elements are set so as to satisfy the relationship expressed by the following equation 5 between the number N of antenna elements and the distance d between antenna elements. You know that you should decide.

[0090]

(Equation 5)

[0091] Thus, in relation represented by about a few 5, be determined a number of antenna elements N and the antenna spacing d, does not emit radio wave to theta ₀ direction or a reception intensity of a radio wave from theta ₀ direction Can be made smaller.

By the above method, the number of antenna elements and
FIG. 18 shows a conceptual diagram of directional characteristics when the antenna element spacing is determined. In FIG. 18, reference numeral 71 is a communication satellite with which a transceiver equipped with an antenna attempts to communicate, and 72 is a non-purpose communication satellite with which communication is not performed.
It is a communication satellite in the adjacent position. Reference numeral 73 denotes an antenna aperture plane, and 74 denotes a directional characteristic showing the intensity of the radio wave that can be radiated by the antenna or how much the received radio wave can be collected. As can be seen from FIG. 18, according to the present invention, in order to reduce the intensity of the radio wave emitted in the direction of the communication satellite 72 at the adjacent position or the intensity of the radio wave received from the adjacent satellite 72, the intensity of the radio wave indicated in the directional characteristic is reduced. The valley where the intensity becomes small will be directed toward the communication satellite at the adjacent position. That is, by setting the direction of θ _{0 to} the direction of the adjacent satellite 72 and determining the number of antenna elements and the spacing between the antenna elements, the directional characteristic in the direction of θ ₀ can be made the null point.

Further, the larger the number of antenna elements and the larger the size of the plane on which the antenna is arranged, the larger the peak size of the directivity characteristic can be made. For this reason, the number of antenna elements and the interval may be determined so as to have a peak of directional characteristics that enables communication with a communication satellite with which communication is desired.

As described above, since the feeding phase and the feeding amplitude for the antenna element can be made the same, the antenna efficiency can be improved. In addition, compared to the size of the antenna when the feed lobe amplitude and feed phase are made non-uniform so as to reduce the size of the entire side lobe for communication satellites in adjacent positions, the feed amplitude and feed phase are not uniform. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size because the unequal distributor and the like required for the above are unnecessary.

In this embodiment, the number of antenna elements and the distance between the antenna elements are determined from Equation 5 in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, when there are eight antenna elements in the horizontal direction, the horizontal direction, that is, the azimuth angle φ = 0,
Prevent the receiver 10 from receiving the radio wave interference of the adjacent satellite from the direction of the zenith angle θ ₀ of 13.2 degrees (when transmitting, the radio waves are transmitted to the adjacent satellite of the direction of the zenith angle θ ₀ of 13.2 degrees In order to prevent interference), if N is 8, θ ₀ is 13.2 degrees, and m is 1, the d / λ is 0.
547 or m may be 2 and d / λ may be 1.095. Here, λ represents the free space wavelength of the radio wave. Here, although the antenna element spacing d / λ is determined strictly from Equation 5 as 0.547, it may be slightly shifted due to the mutual coupling between the antenna elements.

Next, the antenna elements are arranged in the lateral direction, that is, in the azimuth angle φ = 0 direction, and when there are 32 elements, they are arranged at the following intervals. The zenith angle θ ₀ is 4.4 degrees and 8.8.
In order to prevent the receiver 10 from receiving the radio wave interference of the adjacent satellites from the three directions of 13.2 degrees and 13.2 degrees, N is set to 32 in Equation 5 and m is set when θ ₀ is 4.4 degrees. Is set to 2, m is set to 4 in the case of 8.8 degrees, and m is set to 6 in the case of 13.2 degrees. As a result, d / λ is
0.815 for 4.4 degrees and 0.8 for 8.8 degrees
In case of 17 and 13.2 degrees, it becomes 0.821. Therefore,
32 antenna elements are arranged in the horizontal direction, and θ ₀ is 4.4 degrees and 8.8 in a direction in which 32 antenna elements are arranged.
In order to reduce the radio wave interference that the receiver 10 receives from the adjacent satellites in the three directions of 13.2 degrees and 13.2 degrees, the antenna element interval d / λ may be arbitrarily selected between 0.815 and 0.821. .

Up to this point, the case where 32 elements are arranged in the horizontal direction has been shown, but the same can be said for the vertical direction. Even when 16 elements are arranged in the vertical direction, the direction in which the 16 antenna elements are arranged, that is, in the direction of φ = 90 degrees, θ ₀ is three directions of 4.4 degrees, 8.8 degrees, and 13.2 degrees. In order to reduce the radio wave interference received by the receiver 10 from the adjacent satellite, N is set to 16 in the equation (5). When θ ₀ is 4.4 degrees, d / λ is 0.815 when m is 1, and θ ₀ is 8.
In case of 8 degrees, when m is 2, d / λ becomes 0.817, and θ
_{When 0} is 13.2 degrees, d / λ is 0.821 when m is 3.
Becomes Therefore, the antenna element is 1 in the direction of φ = 90 degrees.
Even when 6 elements are arranged side by side, in order to reduce the radio wave interference received by the receiver 10 from adjacent satellites in 3 directions, the azimuth angle φ
As in the case where 32 antenna elements are arranged in the direction of = 0, the vertical antenna element spacing d / λ is 0.81.
It may be arbitrarily selected from 5 to 0.821.

According to such a method for determining the antenna element spacing, when a total of 512 × 32 antenna elements, which are 32 × 16 elements, are arrayed in a lattice, the element spacing in the direction in which the 32 antenna elements are arrayed is set. d / λ is 0.815
From 0.821 to 0.821, the element spacing d / λ in the direction in which 16 antenna elements are arranged is 0.817 to 0.8.
821 may be arbitrarily selected. In this case, 16
The elements may be arranged in the vertical direction and the 32 elements may be arranged in the horizontal direction at the same element intervals. That is, the grid-like vertical and horizontal intervals are made equal to the obtained intervals between the antenna elements. In this case, since the element spacing is the same in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, it is possible to use whichever is used in the x-axis direction. The elements may be arranged at different arrangement intervals between the above-mentioned element intervals in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. In this example, m in Equation 5 is determined in order to arrange the array element spacing d / λ in the vertical and horizontal directions as close as possible to 0.82, but the value of m is naturally an integer other than 0, and , Both lateral directions can be arbitrarily determined. For example, if N is 32 in the horizontal direction, m is 1 when θ ₀ is 4.4 degrees, m is 2 when 8.8 degrees, and m is 3 when it is 13.2 degrees. Good. As a result, d / λ is 0.407 in the case of 4.4 degrees, 0.409 in the case of 8.8 degrees, and 0.411 in the case of 13.2 degrees, respectively. In this case, the vertical element arrangement interval d / λ is about 0.8, and the horizontal element arrangement interval d / λ.
It is also possible to set λ to around 0.41. Even in this case, it is possible to set the directional characteristic to the null point in the adjacent satellite communication direction.

Here, the directivity characteristics of the number of antenna elements and the spacing between the antenna elements described above are shown in FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

20, FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 are layout diagrams of the antenna. 20, FIG. 21 and FIG.
Both the vertical axis and the horizontal axis are values normalized by frequency, and the spacing of the array is shown by d / λ, and the squares show the antenna elements. Figure 2
0 indicates a state in which eight elements are arranged in a straight line in the x-axis direction,
FIG. 21 shows a state where 16 elements are arranged in a straight line in the x-axis direction, and FIG. 22 shows an antenna arrangement when 32 elements are arranged in the x-axis direction and 16 elements are arranged in a y-axis in a grid pattern. ing. In this case, the size of the antenna element is a square with one side being approximately 0.5 standardized by the wavelength of the radio wave, and the antenna element interval is a value between 0.815λ and 0.821λ.

23 and 24 show the far-field directional characteristics of radio waves radiated from the antenna element array shown in FIG.
Shown in In FIG. 23, the intensity of the radio wave radiated from the array antenna is shown by the shade of the shadow, the azimuth angle φ (0 to 360 degrees) is shown in the circular circumferential direction, and φ is a line connecting 0 degrees and 180 degrees. Shows the x-axis in FIG. 8, and the line connecting φ with 90 degrees and 270 degrees shows the y-axis in FIG. Also,
A circle indicated by a dotted line in a concentric pattern from the center of the circle indicates the inclination from the vertical axis of the antenna surface, that is, the zenith angle θ,
The concentric circles are marked by dotted lines with a zenith angle of 18 degrees from the center to the outer side, and the outermost circle has a zenith angle of 90 degrees.

In FIG. 23, there are a total of 13 peaks showing the peak of absolute gain on the x-axis where the antenna elements are arranged, that is, on the straight line connecting φ from 0 ° to 180 °,
There is only one mountain on the y-axis that is orthogonal to the axis where the antenna elements are arranged, that is, on the straight line that connects φ with 90 degrees and 270 degrees. Hereinafter, a mountain with a zenith angle θ of 0 is referred to as a main beam, a mountain with a zenith angle θ of other than 0 is referred to as a side lobe, and a valley between mountains is referred to as a null point. In this way, when the antenna elements are arranged on a straight line in the azimuth direction in which the satellite is located, the directional characteristics in the plane cut by the straight line become sharp, and the null point and side Robes and alternates appear.

Further, FIG. 24 shows a directivity characteristic diagram in the case where the directivity characteristic in FIG. 23 is cut by a straight line connecting φ with 0 degrees and 180 degrees. In FIG. 24, the horizontal axis represents the zenith angle θ, and the vertical axis represents the absolute gain which is a unit of the intensity of the radiated radio wave. As can be seen from FIG. 24, the null points, which are the valleys of the radio field intensity, are formed at approximately 8.8 degrees and 13.2 degrees of the zenith angle. According to the present embodiment, as described above, the null point determines the interval between the antenna elements so that the null point is aligned with the direction of the satellite adjacent to the target satellite. It does not receive radio waves from satellites located in and is not affected by them.

Similarly, the directional characteristics of the array antenna when 16 antenna elements shown in FIG. 21 are arranged are shown in FIG.
5 and FIG. 26, and FIG. 27 and FIG. 28 show the directional characteristics of the array antenna of the array of 32 element × 16 element antenna elements shown in FIG. Comparing the directional characteristics shown in FIG. 23 and FIG. 25, when the number of antenna elements is increased from 8 elements to 16 elements, the directional characteristics (the distance between the side lobes and the null points) become more dense on the x-axis. You can see that On the other hand, it can be seen that the directional characteristics on the y-axis do not change between 8 elements and 16 elements. Similar to FIG. 24, FIG. 26 shows a directional pattern when the directional pattern in FIG. 25 is cut by a straight line connecting φ with 0 degrees and 180 degrees. In FIG. 26, it can be seen that the null points, which are the valleys of the radio field intensity, are formed at approximately 4.4 degrees, 8.8 degrees, and 13.2 degrees of the zenith angle.

Further, in FIGS. 27 and 28, x
Since 32 antenna elements are arranged on the axis and 16 antenna elements are arranged on the y axis in a lattice pattern, in the directional characteristic diagram shown in FIG. 27, φ is a direction connecting 0 ° and 180 °, and φ is 90 °. It can be seen that the intervals between the side lobes and the null points appear closely in both the direction connecting the degrees and 270 degrees. Figure 2
8 shows the directional characteristics in FIG.
The directional characteristic figure when it cuts by the straight line which connects 0 degree and 180 degrees is shown. In FIG. 28, a second null point is located at a position where the zenith angle θ is 4.4 degrees, and a fourth null point is located at a position where the zenith angle θ is 8.8 degrees.
It can be seen that there is a sixth null point at the 13.2 degree position. Further, at this time, the directional characteristic diagram on the straight line connecting φ between 90 degrees and 270 degrees is almost the same as the directional characteristic diagram shown in FIG.

As described above, by increasing the number of antenna elements, the directional characteristics of the antenna (the distance between the side lobe and the null point) can be made close. Furthermore, by arranging the antenna elements in a grid pattern, the directional characteristics of the antenna can be made dense in both the x-axis and the y-axis directions.

[0107]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to quickly and reliably collect information about each damage value in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, and to provide a satellite communication system that is easy to introduce. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a satellite communication system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transmission format of a center station.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a transmission format of a portable earth station.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a portable earth station.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a center station.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another configuration of the satellite communication system.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a portable earth station.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a portable earth station.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a portable earth station.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a connection portion between an antenna and an antenna support plate.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the turn table.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a structure of an antenna.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a pattern example of a pattern filter.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a pattern example of a pattern filter.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a pattern example of a pattern filter.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a connecting portion between an antenna and a transceiver.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a coordinate system used in the detailed description of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a far-field directional characteristic of an antenna required in satellite communication.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an antenna having an 8 × 8 antenna element.

FIG. 20 is a layout diagram of antenna elements in the case of eight elements.

FIG. 21 is a layout diagram of antenna elements in the case of 16 elements.

FIG. 22 is a layout diagram of antenna elements in the case of 32 elements × 16 elements.

23 is a far-field directional characteristic diagram of radio waves radiated from the antenna element array shown in FIG. 20.

FIG. 24 is a far-field directional characteristic diagram of radio waves radiated from the antenna element array shown in FIG. 20.

FIG. 25 is a far-field directional characteristic diagram of radio waves radiated from the antenna element array shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 26 is a far-field directional characteristic diagram of radio waves radiated from the antenna element array shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 27 is a far-field directional characteristic diagram of radio waves radiated from the antenna element array shown in FIG. 22.

FIG. 28 is a far-field directional characteristic diagram of radio waves radiated from the antenna element array shown in FIG. 22.

[Explanation of symbols]

 101 communication satellite 102 center station 103 PBX 104 extension telephone 105 public communication network 107 portable earth station 200 antenna 210 transceiver 230 line connection control section 240 telephone section 250 control section 250 251 and 252 selection section 221 frequency filter 213 modulator 214 Spread spectrum encoder 215 Up-converter 216 Transmission amplifier 217 Reception amplifier 218 Down-converter 219 Demodulator 222 Demultiplexer 223 Reception level detector 260 Display 270 Input section 300 Antenna 310 Transceiver 320 Subscriber line connection control section 330 control unit 340, 350 selection unit

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication H04Q 7/26 7/30

Claims (34)

[Claims] 1. A center station for communicating with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, wherein the center station accommodates a plurality of extensions of a private branch exchange, and the accommodated extensions. Assigning means for allocating one-to-one to the portable earth station, and connecting the call from the accommodated extension to the portable earth station corresponding to the extension via the communication satellite, and calling from the portable earth station. And a connecting section for connecting to an extension corresponding to the portable earth station. 2. The satellite communication system according to claim 1, wherein the connection section is a line connection between a subscriber line interface of a private branch exchange accommodated therein and a telephone section of a portable earth station. A satellite communication system comprising means for performing. 3. The satellite communication system according to claim 1, wherein each of the portable earth stations transmits a line connection request to the center station via the communication satellite, and via the communication satellite. And a means for suppressing outgoing calls until the transmission permission is received from the center, and the allocation means of the center station transmits the connection request when the connection request is received from the portable earth station. Connects to the portable earth station an extension of the accommodated extensions that is not assigned to another portable earth station, sends a connection notification to the portable earth station that sent the connection request, and sends the portable station A satellite communication system characterized by giving a permit. 4. A plurality of center stations and a plurality of portable earth stations that communicate with each other via a communication satellite, wherein one specific center station among the plurality of center stations is
Each center station has means for designating a portable earth station to which the extension to be assigned to the private branch exchange is assigned, and each center station has a means for accommodating a plurality of extensions of the private branch exchange and the specified extension for accommodating the extension. Assigning means for assigning one-to-one to the portable earth station assigned from the center station, and connecting the call from the accommodated extension to the portable earth station corresponding to the extension via the communication satellite, and A satellite communication system, comprising: a connection section for connecting a call from a portable earth station to an extension corresponding to the portable earth station. 5. A plurality of center stations and a plurality of portable earth stations that communicate with each other via a communication satellite, each center station accommodating a plurality of extensions of a private branch exchange, and accommodating means. Assigning means for one-to-one assigning the extended extension to a portable earth station that is associated with the center station in advance, and a portable earth station that corresponds to a call from the accommodated extension via the communication satellite And a connection unit for connecting a call from the portable earth station to an extension corresponding to the portable earth station and a center station for each portable earth station to which the extension is assigned via the communication satellite. Each portable earth station identifies the center station indicated by the identification information when the identification information of the center station is received via the display and the communication satellite. Hands that display possible information on the display Satellite communication system characterized by having and. 6. A center station that communicates with each other via a communication satellite, and a plurality of portable earth stations, wherein the center station is sent from the portable earth station side via the communication satellite. An antenna for receiving a portable earth station transmission signal having a transmission frame structure including incoming message data and a portable earth station ID and transmitting a center station transmission signal to the communication satellite toward the portable earth station; A signal having a configuration including a receiving unit that demodulates and decodes a transmission signal having a transmission frame configuration for each portable earth station received in step 1, a reference frame transmitted from the center station, and a configuration including a plurality of frames for portable earth stations is encoded. A transmitter / receiver including a transmitter for converting the modulated signal and transmitting the modulated signal to the communication satellite as the center station transmission signal via the antenna; and control of message data of the transmission frame. The data and the portable earth station ID are selected and sent to the control unit, other data (voice data etc.) other than the control data of the message data is selected and sent to the subscriber line connection control unit, and the transmission frame Based on the correspondence between the portable earth station ID and the portable earth station ID and extension set by the control unit,
A receiving system section for selecting an extension line corresponding to the portable earth station ID of the transmission frame, and a transmission message data for the portable earth station from the subscriber line connection control section when sending to a predetermined portable earth station. The destination portable earth station,
Recognizing based on the correspondence between the extension set by the control unit and the portable earth station ID, a frame for the portable earth station to the destination portable earth station including the recognized portable earth station ID and the message data is received. A selection unit that includes a transmission system unit that is created and time-division-multiplexes the frame and a creation reference frame of the control unit and sends the transmission and reception unit; and a housing unit that houses an extension of a private branch exchange (PBX) A receiving system unit including a control unit that controls the extension assigned to each portable earth station according to the content of the received message data, and the state of the extension is detected for each extension, and a call is made according to the detected state. A subscriber line connection control unit including a transmission system unit that generates information data for controlling and sends message data obtained by adding a message ID to the data to a selection unit via a line corresponding to the extension. The portable earth station has an antenna for receiving a transmission signal from the center station, and demodulates and decodes the signal received by the antenna to separate the reference frame 1 and the frame for the portable earth station. The receiving system unit, the transmission frame from the selection unit is encoded and modulated,
A transmitter including a transmission system section that performs spread spectrum coding on the modulated signal and supplies the coded signal to an antenna, a transceiver including an antenna that transmits the coded signal, the contents of the reference frame, and A first selection unit for sending a permission flag of a frame for a portable earth station and information data for controlling a call of message data to a line connection control unit; and the transmission frame including the message data and a portable earth station ID of the own station. And a second ID to be supplied to the transmission system of the transceiver, and a message ID in the control data of the message data of the transmission frame when transmitting the transmission frame to the center station.
From the telephone unit, a control unit that sends message data added with the above to the second selection unit, a reception system unit including a control unit that controls the telephone unit according to the content of the message data from the first selection unit, and the telephone unit. And a line connection control unit including a transmission system unit that creates information data for controlling the call of the second transmission unit and sends the information data to the second selection unit. 7. The transmitter / receiver of the portable earth station according to claim 6, further detecting a level of a frame mark portion of the reference frame for recognizing the frame for the portable earth station in the portable earth station. The control unit further includes a reception level detecting unit for displaying the reference frame center station ID from the center station, the control data of the message data, and the content of the permission flag of the frame for the portable earth station. Is displayed, and when the permission flag indicates that transmission is not permitted, the communication system for controlling the transceiver and the second selection unit to be in the transmission disabled state. 8. The center station according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the center station transmits identification information of its own center station to each portable earth station to which the extension is assigned, via the communication satellite. The earth station further includes a display unit which, when receiving the center station identification information from the communication satellite, displays information capable of identifying the center station indicated by the information. 9. The communication system according to claim 6, wherein the information data for controlling the call is a ringing tone, a beeze tone, on-hook / off-hook information, and dial information. 10. A center station that communicates with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, and message data sent from the portable earth station side via the communication satellite, An antenna for receiving a portable earth station transmission signal having a transmission frame configuration including a portable earth station ID and transmitting a center station transmission signal to the communication satellite toward the portable earth station, and each portable type received by the antenna A receiving unit that demodulates and decodes a transmission signal having a transmission frame structure for each earth station, and a signal that has a structure including a reference frame transmitted from the center station and a frame for a portable earth station is encoded and modulated, A transmitter / receiver for transmitting as a center station signal to the communication satellite via the antenna, control data of message data of the transmission frame, and a portable earth station ID. Select and send to the control unit, select other data (voice data, etc.) other than the control data of the message data and send to the subscriber line connection control unit, and carry the portable earth station ID of the transmission frame and the control. Based on the correspondence between the portable earth station ID set by the department and the extension,
A receiving system section for selecting an extension line corresponding to the portable earth station ID of the transmission frame, and a transmission message data for the portable earth station from the subscriber line connection control section when sending to a predetermined portable earth station. The destination portable earth station,
Recognizing based on the correspondence between the extension set by the control unit and the portable earth station ID, a frame for the portable earth station to the destination portable earth station including the recognized portable earth station ID and the message data is received. A selection unit that includes a transmission system unit that is created and time-division-multiplexes the frame and a creation reference frame of the control unit and sends the transmission and reception unit; and a housing unit that houses an extension of a private branch exchange (PBX) A receiving system unit including a control unit that controls the extension assigned to each portable earth station according to the content of the received message data, and the state of the extension is detected for each extension, and a call is made according to the detected state. A subscriber line connection control unit including a transmission system unit that generates information data for controlling and sends message data obtained by adding a message ID to the data to a selection unit via a line corresponding to the extension. A communication system having. 11. A plurality of portable earth stations and a center station that communicate with each other via a communication satellite, wherein the portable earth station has an antenna for receiving a transmission signal from the center station, A reception system unit that demodulates and decodes a signal received by an antenna to separate the reference frame and a frame for a portable earth station, and the transmission frame from the selection unit is encoded and modulated, and the modulated signal is spread spectrum encoded. A transmitter / receiver including a transmission system section for supplying the coded signal to an antenna and an antenna for transmitting the coded transmission signal; contents of the reference frame; and a permission flag for the frame for the portable earth station. And a first selection unit for sending information data for controlling a call of message data to the line connection control unit, and the transmission frame including the message data and the portable earth station ID of the own station. A second selection unit that is created and supplied to the transmission system unit of the transceiver, and a message ID is added to the control data of the message data of the transmission frame when the transmission frame is transmitted to the center station.
From the telephone unit, a control unit that sends message data added with the above to the second selection unit, a reception system unit including a control unit that controls the telephone unit according to the content of the message data from the first selection unit, and the telephone unit. A communication system including a line connection control unit including a transmission system unit that creates information data for controlling the call of the device and sends the information data to the selection unit. 12. The transmitter / receiver of the portable earth station according to claim 11, wherein:
The portable earth station includes a reception level detection unit that detects a level of a frame mark portion for recognizing the frame for the portable earth station, and the control unit includes the reference frame center station ID from the center station and the message. Display on the display according to the control data of the data and the contents of the permission flag of the frame for the portable earth station, and when the permission flag indicates that transmission is not permitted, the transceiver and the selection unit are transmitted. A communication system that controls a disabled state. 13. The center station according to claim 11, wherein the center station transmits identification information of its own center station to each portable earth station to which the extension is assigned via the communication satellite. The earth station further includes a display unit which, when receiving the center station identification information from the communication satellite, displays information capable of identifying the center station indicated by the information. 14. The communication system according to claim 11, wherein the information data for controlling the call is a ringing tone, a beeze tone, on-hook / off-hook information, and dial information. 15. A center station that communicates with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, wherein the portable earth station is activated, and the portable earth station is connection request control data and its portable type. An earth station ID is generated and transmitted to the center station, and when the center station receives the connection request control data and the portable earth station ID, the extension of the private branch exchange accommodated in the center station and the portable station Corresponding to the earth station ID, the extension of the private branch exchange of the center station is assigned to the portable earth station which is transmitting the connection request control data, and thereafter, for the portable earth station including a signal indicating transmission permission. A communication system, characterized in that a signal is transmitted to the connection requesting portable earth station so that a call can be made from the connection requesting portable earth station. 16. A communication system having a center station for transmitting a center station transmission signal to a plurality of portable earth stations via a communication satellite and receiving a portable earth station transmission signal from the portable earth stations. The center station accommodates a plurality of extensions of a private branch exchange, and a transmission system unit that generates and transmits the center station transmission signal including a reference frame transmitted to the portable earth station and a frame for the portable earth station. And receiving the portable earth station transmission signal comprising a transmission frame in which a message such as control data and voice data and a message data including the message ID thereof are added with a portable earth station ID representing a transmission portable earth station, A receiving system section for supplying the message data to the extension of the private branch exchange corresponding to the portable earth station ID, based on the control data of the received signal and the ID. Communication system. 17. A communication system having a portable earth station, which transmits a portable earth station transmission signal to a center station via a communication satellite and receives a center station transmission signal from the center station, The earth station receives the voice signal from the telephone and identifies the message data and the destination of the message data as a portable earth station ID.
A transmission system unit that generates a transmission frame including the transmission frame and transmits the transmission frame to the center station, and a reference frame 1 received by all the portable earth stations and a portable earth station ID indicating the identification of the portable earth station. And the center station transmission signal composed of a portable earth station frame containing message data having messages such as voice data, beeper sound data, ringing sound data, and control data, and the message based on the ID and the control data. A communication system comprising: a receiving system unit for supplying data to the telephone of the portable earth station corresponding to the portable earth station ID from the center station. 18. A communication system having a center station and a plurality of portable earth stations that communicate with each other via a communication satellite, wherein the center station accommodates a plurality of extensions of a private branch exchange. The center station puts the accommodated extension into the portable earth station one to one
Assigning the call from the accommodated extension to the portable earth station corresponding to the extension via the communication satellite, and the call from the portable earth station is assigned to the portable earth station. And a connecting step for connecting to an extension corresponding to a portable earth station. 19. The satellite communication method according to claim 18, wherein said connecting step includes a step of connecting a line between a subscriber line interface of the private branch exchange accommodated and a telephone section. A satellite communication method characterized by the above. 20. The satellite communication method according to claim 18, wherein each of the portable earth stations transmits a line connection request to the center station via the communication satellite, and each of the portable earth stations. The station suppresses the call until it receives the transmission permission from the center via the communication satellite, the assigning step, when the connection request is received from the portable earth station, Connect the mobile earth station that sent the connection request to the mobile earth station that has sent the connection request by connecting the extension that has not been assigned to another mobile earth station among the multiple extensions accommodated, and notify the connection to the mobile earth station that sent the connection request. A satellite communication method comprising a step of giving a transmission permission of a mobile station. 21. In a communication system having a plurality of center stations communicating with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, one specific center station among the plurality of center stations is a center station. A step of designating a portable earth station to which the extension to be assigned to the private branch exchange is assigned to the station; each of the center stations accommodating a plurality of extensions of the private branch exchange; and each of the center stations, the extension accommodated, An allocation step of allocating one-to-one to the portable earth stations allocated from the specific center station, and each of the center stations transporting a call from an accommodated extension via the communication satellite to the corresponding extension. Connecting to the earth station and connecting a call from the portable earth station to an extension corresponding to the portable earth station. 22. A communication system having a plurality of center stations and a plurality of portable earth stations that communicate with each other via a communication satellite, wherein each center station accommodates a plurality of extensions of a private branch exchange. An allocation step of allocating the accommodated extension to the portable earth station, which is associated with the center station in advance, on a one-to-one basis, wherein each center station sends a call from the accommodated extension via the communication satellite. A connection step of connecting to a portable earth station corresponding to an extension and connecting a call from the portable earth station to an extension corresponding to the portable earth station, each center station, via the communication satellite , Transmitting the identification information of its own center station to each portable earth station to which the extension is assigned, and when each portable earth station receives the identification information of the center station via the communication satellite, Satellite communications method characterized by comprising the steps of: information displaying the information capable of identifying the center station indicated. 23. In a communication system having a center station that communicates with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, the center station from the side of the portable earth station via the communication satellite. A step of receiving a portable earth station transmission signal having a transmission frame structure including transmitted message data and a portable earth station ID, wherein the center station transmits the center station transmission signal to the portable earth station to the communication satellite To the center station, the center station demodulates and decodes the transmission signal of the transmission frame configuration for each portable earth station received by the antenna, the center station, the reference frame transmitted from the center station , A signal having a configuration including a plurality of frames for portable earth stations is encoded and modulated, and the modulated signal is transmitted to the communication satellite via the antenna as the center station transmission signal. The step of transmitting, the center station selects the control data of the message data of the transmission frame and the portable earth station ID and sends it to the control unit, and other data other than the control data of the message data (voice data etc. ) Is selected and sent to the subscriber line connection control unit, and based on the correspondence between the portable earth station ID of the transmission frame and the portable earth station ID and extension set by the control unit, Portable earth station ID
When the extension line corresponding to is selected, when sending the transmission message data for the portable earth station from the subscriber line connection control unit to a predetermined portable earth station, the destination portable earth station is controlled by the control unit. Recognize based on the correspondence between the set extension and the portable earth station ID, and recognize the portable earth station ID
And a step of creating a frame for a portable earth station to a destination portable earth station including the message data, time-division multiplexing the frame and a reference frame created by the control section, and sending the frame to the transceiver, A station accommodating an extension of a private branch exchange (PBX); and a receiving system section including a control section for the center station to control the extension assigned to each portable earth station according to the content of received message data. Then, the state of each extension is detected, information data for controlling a call is generated according to the detected state, and message data obtained by adding a message ID to the data is transmitted via a line corresponding to the extension. Sending to the selection unit, the portable earth station receiving the transmission signal from the center station, demodulating and decoding the reception signal, and the reference frame And a step of separating a frame for a portable earth station, the portable earth station encodes and modulates the transmission frame, spread spectrum codes the modulated signal, and supplies the coded signal to an antenna, The portable earth station transmits the transmission coded signal, the portable earth station controls the content of the reference frame, a permission flag of the frame for the portable earth station, and a call of message data. Sending information data to the line connection control unit, the portable earth station creates the transmission frame including the message data and the portable earth station ID of the own station, and the transmission system unit of the transceiver. When the portable earth station transmits the transmission frame to a center station, the portable earth station sends a message to the control data of the message data of the transmission frame. Message data to which the message ID is added to the supply unit, the portable earth station controls the telephone unit according to the contents of the message data, and the portable earth station uses the telephone unit. Creating information data for controlling a call from the device and sending the information data to the supply unit. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the portable earth station further detects a level of a frame mark portion of the reference frame for recognizing a frame for the portable earth station in the portable earth station. The control step displays on a display device according to the reference frame center station ID from the center station, the control data of the message data, and the content of the permission flag of the frame for the portable earth station, A communication method comprising the step of controlling the portable earth station to a transmission-disabled state when a permission flag indicates that transmission is not permitted. 25. The center station according to claim 23, wherein the center station transmits identification information of its own center station to each portable earth station to which the extension is assigned, via the communication satellite, Further, when the center station identification information from the communication satellite is received, a communication method including a step of displaying information capable of identifying the center station indicated by the information. 26. The communication method according to claim 23, wherein the information data for controlling the call is a ringing tone, a beeze tone, on-hook / off-hook information, and dial information. 27. In a communication system having a center station that communicates with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, the center station is from the portable earth station side via the communication satellite. A step of receiving a portable earth station transmission signal having a transmission frame structure including transmitted message data and a portable earth station ID, wherein the center station transmits the center station transmission signal to the portable earth station to the communication satellite To the mobile station, the center station demodulates and decodes a transmission signal having a transmission frame configuration for each of the portable earth stations, the center station transmits a reference frame transmitted from the center station, Encoding and modulating a signal including a frame for an earth station, and transmitting the modulated signal to the communication satellite via an antenna as the center station signal; The mobile station selects the control data of the message data of the transmission frame and the portable earth station ID and sends it to the control unit, selects other data other than the control data of the message data (voice data, etc.) and joins. To the private line connection control unit, and based on the correspondence between the portable earth station ID of the transmission frame and the portable earth station ID and extension set by the control unit, the portable earth station ID of the transmission frame.
The step of selecting an extension line corresponding to the above, and when the center station sends the transmission message data for the portable earth station from the subscriber line connection control unit to a predetermined portable earth station, the destination portable earth station For the portable earth station to the destination portable earth station including the recognized portable earth station ID and the message data, based on the correspondence between the extension set by the control unit and the portable earth station ID. Creating a frame, time-division-multiplexing the frame and the creation reference frame of the control unit, and sending the frame to the transceiver; the center station accommodating an extension of a private branch exchange (PBX); Is a step of controlling the extension assigned to each portable earth station according to the content of the received message data, and the center station determines the state of the extension for each extension. Detecting, generating information data for controlling a call according to the detected state, and sending message data in which a message ID is added to the data to a selecting unit via a line corresponding to the extension. Method. 28. In a communication system having a center station communicating with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, said portable earth station receiving a transmission signal from said center station. And, the portable earth station demodulates and decodes the received signal, separates the reference frame and the frame for the portable earth station, encodes and modulates the transmission frame, spread spectrum codes the modulated signal, Supplying the encoded signal to an antenna, the portable earth station transmitting the transmission encoded signal, the portable earth station, the contents of the reference frame, for the portable earth station Sending a frame permission flag and information data for controlling a message data call to the line connection control unit, wherein the portable earth station sets the message data, its own station Creating the transmission frame including a portable earth station ID and supplying the transmission frame to the transmission system unit of the transceiver; and when the portable earth station transmits the transmission frame to a center station, Sending message data in which a message ID is added to the control data of the message data to the supply unit; the portable earth station controlling the telephone unit according to the content of the message data; Creating information data for controlling a call from the telephone unit and sending the information data to the supply unit. 29. The portable earth station according to claim 28, further comprising a step of detecting a level of a frame mark portion of said reference frame for recognizing a frame for said portable earth station in said portable earth station. In the control step, the reference frame from the center station, the center station ID, the control data of the message data and the content of the permission flag of the frame for the portable earth station are displayed on the display unit, and the permission is given. A communication method comprising the step of controlling the portable earth station in a transmission-disabled state when a flag indicates that transmission is not permitted. 30. The center station according to claim 28, wherein the center station transmits identification information of its own center station to each portable earth station to which the extension is assigned, via the communication satellite, Further, when the center station identification information from the communication satellite is received, the communication method further comprises the step of displaying information capable of identifying the center station indicated by the information. 31. The communication method according to claim 29, wherein the information data for controlling the call is a ringing tone, a beeze tone, on-hook / off-hook information, and dial information. 32. In a communication system having a center station that communicates with each other via a communication satellite and a plurality of portable earth stations, the portable earth station is activated, and the portable earth station starts connection request control data and its connection control data. A portable earth station ID is generated and transmitted to the center station, and when the center station receives the connection request control data and the portable earth station ID, the extension of the private branch exchange accommodated in the center station and the Corresponding to the portable earth station ID, the extension of the private branch exchange of the center station is assigned to the portable earth station transmitting the connection request control data, and thereafter, the portable earth containing a signal indicating transmission permission. A communication method, characterized in that a station-destined signal is transmitted to the connection requesting portable earth station, whereby the call can be made from the connection requesting portable earth station. 33. A communication system having a center station for transmitting a center station transmission signal to a plurality of portable earth stations via a communication satellite, and receiving a portable earth station transmission signal from the portable earth stations, A transmission step in which the center station accommodates a plurality of extensions of the private branch exchange, generates the center station transmission signal composed of a reference frame and a frame for the portable earth station, which are transmitted to the portable earth station, and which is transmitted, The center station receives the portable earth station transmission signal composed of a transmission frame in which a message such as control data and voice data and a message ID including the message ID thereof are added with a portable earth station ID representing a transmission portable earth station. ,
A receiving step of supplying the message data to an extension of the private branch exchange corresponding to the portable earth station ID based on the control data and the ID of the received signal. 34. A communication system having a portable earth station for transmitting a portable earth station transmission signal to a center station via a communication satellite and receiving a center station transmission signal from the center station, wherein the portable earth station is provided. Receiving a voice signal from the telephone, generating a transmission frame including message data and a portable earth station ID for specifying a destination of the message data, and transmitting the transmission frame to the center station; The portable earth station has a reference frame received by all the portable earth stations and a portable earth station ID indicating the identification of the portable earth station and a message such as voice data, beeze sound data, ringing sound data, and control data. The center station transmission signal composed of a portable earth station frame containing message data is received, and the message is transmitted based on the ID and the control data. Communication method and a step of supplying the phone a portable earth station corresponding to the portable earth station ID from said center station to Jideta.