JPH08290678A - Thermal transfer sheet and image forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a thermal transfer sheet having a high sensitivity, a re duced running noise at the time of transfer, and a good gradation reproducibility and preventing misregistration in overlapping colors at the time of forming a multicolor image for realizing a color image of a higher sharpness and an image forming method therefor. CONSTITUTION: A thermal transfer sheet is provided with an ink layer containing 30-70wt.% pigment and 25-65wt.% amorphous organic polymer having a softening point in the temperature range of 40-150 deg.C and ranging 0.2-1.0μm in layer thickness and an adhesive layer formed thereon. An image-receiving sheet is overlapped on the adhesive layer of the thermal transfer sheet. On the back surface of the thermal transfer sheet, a thermal head is pressed, or a laser light modulated by digital signals is emitted (or a laser light modulated by digital signals is emitted in an ablation method). In this manner, a transfer image formed with an area gradation of a 1.0 or more optical reflection density is formed on the image-receiving sheet.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat-sensitive transfer sheet having an ink layer and an image forming method using the heat-sensitive transfer sheet.
A thermal transfer sheet useful for forming a high quality multi-tone color image (full color image) by transferring an ink layer onto an image receiving sheet in an imagewise manner by area gradation recording, and an image forming method using the same It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a thermal transfer recording system for forming a color image using a thermal head printer, a sublimation type dye transfer system and a thermal fusion type transfer system are known. In the sublimation dye transfer method, a transfer sheet having a transfer layer consisting of a sublimation dye and a binder provided on a support is superposed on an image receiving sheet, and heat is applied imagewise by a thermal head from the back side of the transfer sheet support. , A sublimation dye is sublimated and transferred to an image receiving sheet to form an image on the image receiving sheet. In this method, it is also possible to form a color image (full color image) by using a transfer sheet having sublimation dyes of yellow, magenta and cyan.

However, the sublimation dye method has the following drawbacks. (1) The gradation expression of an image mainly uses density gradation (controls the kind or amount of dye), and is suitable for the purpose of obtaining an image of gradation similar to that of a photograph. However, for example, it is not suitable for a color proof used in the printing field where gradation is expressed only by area gradation (multi-value recording). (2) Since image formation uses dye sublimation, the edge sharpness of the finished image is unlikely to be sufficient,
Further, the solid density of the thin line tends to be lower than that of the thick line.
These are serious drawbacks regarding the quality of character images. (3) Since the durability of the image is inferior, its use is limited to the fields requiring heat resistance and light resistance. (4) Since the thermal recording sensitivity is lower than that of the thermal fusion type transfer system, it is not suitable as a high speed recording material using a high resolution thermal head which is expected to be put to practical use in the future. (5) The transfer material is more expensive than the heat-melt transfer material.

On the other hand, the heat-melt transfer method prepares a heat-sensitive transfer sheet in which a heat-meltable ink transfer layer composed of a coloring material such as a pigment or a dye and a binder such as wax is provided on a support. This is a system in which an image is formed by superposing it on an image receiving sheet and applying imagewise heat from the back side of the support of the transfer sheet with a thermal head to melt the transfer layer and transfer and fuse it onto the image receiving sheet. Compared with sublimation dye transfer method, heat fusion transfer method has advantages such as high heat sensitivity, inexpensive material, and excellent light resistance of image, but has the following drawbacks. have. That is, a major drawback of the thermal fusion transfer system is that the quality of the color image is inferior to that of the sublimation dye transfer system. This is because the general recording method by this method is not the gradation reproduction by the density gradation recording but the binary recording. Of course, in the thermal fusion transfer method, various proposals have been made to improve the ink transfer layer for achieving density gradation recording for the purpose of forming a multi-gradation color image without using binary recording. It was However, the basic idea behind these improvements is to use the property that the binder in the ink layer melts and the viscosity decreases due to heating by the thermal head, and as a result, the adhesive force to the image receiving sheet increases and transfer is performed. By controlling the temperature rise of the ink layer to control the cohesive failure inside the ink layer, and thus controlling the transfer amount of the ink layer, that is, to perform multi-gradation recording by softening the gamma characteristic of thermal transfer recording. There is. However, even if such a method is used, the thermal fusion transfer method is inferior in terms of multi-gradation to the sublimation dye transfer method. Also, it is generally said that the thermal fusion transfer method is inferior in terms of reproducibility of image density such as fine lines.

Further, in the hot-melt transfer method, since a crystalline wax having a low melting point is usually used as a binder for the ink layer, the resolution of the ink may be lowered due to the blurring of the ink in the heat-sensitive transfer sheet at the time of thermal printing. It also tends to occur, and the fixing strength of the transferred image tends to be insufficient, which is also a problem. Furthermore, the crystalline waxes have the drawback that it is difficult to obtain a transparent image due to the light scattering of the crystalline phase. This is a major drawback when forming a full-color image as an overlapping image such as a yellow image, a magenta image, and a cyan image. Further, even when the pigment ratio with respect to the total amount of the ink layer is high, such a decrease in transparency of the full-color image is likely to occur. Therefore, as described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-65029, the colorant is usually used in an amount of 20 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the ink layer. To do.

Various proposals have been made in order to improve the color reproduction of a color image of the thermal fusion transfer system. For example,
JP-A-61-244592 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-1307)
No. 2), in order to improve transparency, fixed image strength and the like while maintaining continuous gradation (density gradation), 65% by weight or more of an amorphous polymer and a releasable substance are disclosed. A thermal transfer sheet having a thermal ink layer made of a colorant (dye or pigment) has been proposed. In this publication, amorphous polymer is 6
When it is less than 5% by weight, the transparency of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet is remarkably deteriorated and good color reproducibility cannot be obtained. To obtain particularly good transparency, the content of the amorphous polymer is 70%.
It is stated that weight percent is required. The colorant contained in the heat-sensitive ink layer for maintaining transparency is 20
The weight% is the upper limit, and in order to obtain the image density and image strength required for practical use, the layer thickness of the thermal ink layer is usually 1 μm.
.About.20 .mu.m is preferable, and 3 .mu.m is adopted as the layer thickness of the thermal ink layer in the examples. Incidentally, this publication suggests that the heat-sensitive transfer sheet (heat-sensitive recording material) of the invention can also be used for binary recording and multi-valued recording. However, according to the study by the present inventor, continuous tone recording using the thermal transfer sheet described in the above publication cannot be said to be sufficiently satisfactory in terms of continuity and stability of density tone. On the other hand, in a multi-value transfer image or a binary transfer image obtained by using the heat-sensitive transfer sheet, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient density gradation, and the transparency (particularly the transparency of a full-color image) is insufficient. Also, it cannot be said that the edge sharpness is sufficiently satisfactory.

On the other hand, in the thermal transfer system, multi-value recording using area gradation (that is, image formation in which recording is performed using dots having different areas, VDS: variable dot system) Methods for obtaining full-color images are already known. It is also known that it is desirable that the heat-sensitive transfer sheet for use in multi-valued recording utilizing this area gradation has the following characteristics. (1) Each color has a predetermined image density. Particularly, in terms of proof use, the finally obtained cyan, magenta and yellow image densities (retransferred image densities on a white support) have optical reflection densities of at least 1.0, respectively.
It is necessary to be above, and it is desirable that it is 1.2 or more, particularly 1.4 or more. It is said that it is preferable that the black content is 1.5 or more. Therefore, the heat-sensitive transfer sheet is desired to be capable of forming such a high-density image. (2) Excellent gradation reproducibility. (3) Those capable of forming a dot shape having excellent edge sharpness of a line or point image. (4) The transferred ink layer has high transparency. (5) High sensitivity. (6) Printing The image transferred to the actual paper (usually a white support such as coated paper) shows high similarity to the printed matter in terms of texture, glossiness of the image, and the like.

In recent years, the technical progress of the thermal head printer as a means for supplying heat to the heat-sensitive transfer sheet has been remarkable. Further, as a printing method capable of increasing the resolution of the thermal head itself and enabling multi-gradation recording in area gradation, there are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 4-19163 and 5-155057. The sub-scanning division method and the heat concentration type method described in "Annual Meeting of the Electrophotographic Society 1992/7/6 Proceedings" have been proposed.

[0009]

The applicant of the present invention has already filed a patent application for an invention relating to a heat-sensitive transfer sheet suitable for a multi-gradation transfer system by area gradation (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-2).
No. 63695 application). By using the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the above patent application, multi-tone high-quality color images and monochrome images can be obtained by a pigment transfer method of area gradation only, and color proof in the printing field as well as normal image formation, By utilizing the durability of the original copy or pigment, it has become possible to develop into the card field, outdoor display field, meter display field, etc.

However, there is room for further improvement in the heat-sensitive transfer sheet having the above-mentioned excellent performance. For example, sensitivity and gradation reproducibility, and particularly running noise (peeling) generated during thermal transfer using a thermal head. Further noise reduction) and further prevention of misregistration that may be caused by the difference in transferability of each ink layer when forming multicolor images by overlapping each color image. Turned out to be desirable. The occurrence of such a positional shift appears as a blur of the finally obtained image quality (image blur).

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat-sensitive transfer sheet which is suitable for a multi-gradation transfer system and which has excellent characteristics satisfying the requirements shown in the above (1) to (6). In the present invention, the sensitivity is high, the running noise at the time of transfer is reduced, the gradation reproducibility is good, the positional deviation of the overlapping of each color when forming a multicolor image is prevented, and a sharper color image is obtained. A thermal transfer sheet that can be realized and an image forming method using the same.

[0012]

The present inventor has conducted earnest studies for a heat-sensitive transfer sheet having good performance as described above, and as a result, compared with the conventional sublimation dye heat-sensitive transfer method and melt transfer method. By using a method that should be called the thermal adhesive thin film peeling method of the present invention, that is, a method of peeling and transferring a thin film ink layer containing a high concentration of a pigment, and further providing an adhesive layer on the thermal ink layer. The inventors have found that the sensitivity and image quality (image duplication, gradation reproducibility, etc.) can be dramatically improved, and that the traveling sound at the time of transfer can be reduced, and the present invention has been achieved.

The present invention has a pigment and a softening point of 40 ° C to 15 ° C.
An ink layer containing 30 to 70% by weight and 25 to 65% by weight of an amorphous organic high-molecular polymer in a temperature range of 0 ° C., respectively, and having a layer thickness in a range of 0.2 μm to 1.0 μm, and A thermal transfer sheet having an adhesive layer on the ink layer.

Further, in the present invention, an image receiving sheet is superposed on the adhesive layer of the above heat sensitive transfer sheet, a thermal head is pressed against the back surface of the heat sensitive transfer sheet, and an area having an optical reflection density of 1.0 or more is formed on the image receiving sheet. There is also an image forming method including forming a transfer image composed of gradations.

Further, in the present invention, an image receiving sheet is superposed on the adhesive layer of the above-mentioned thermal transfer sheet, a thermal head is pressed from the back of the thermal transfer sheet, and a transfer image composed of area gradation is formed on the image receiving sheet. Then, the transferred image on the image-receiving sheet is re-transferred onto a separately prepared white support, and an optical reflection density of 1.0 or more is formed on the white support. There is also an image forming method including forming a transfer image.

The present invention preferably has the following aspects. (1) The particle size of 70% by weight or more of the pigment in the ink layer is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 μm. (2) The adhesive layer is a layer made of a high molecular polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. (3) The adhesive layer has a thickness of 0.01 to 10 μm (preferably,
0.01-2 μm, more preferably 0.05-1.0
(μm). (4) The ink layer contains a nitrogen-containing compound, and the nitrogen-containing compound is an amide compound represented by the general formula (I).

[0017]

Embedded image [In the formula, R ¹ represents an alkyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and R ^1
2 and R ³ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 1
Represents an alkyl group of 1 to 12; however, any alkyl group may contain an ether bond or may be substituted with a hydroxy group, and when both R ² and R ³ are hydrogen atoms, R ^One alkyl group contains at least one ether bond or hydroxy group. ]

(5) The amorphous organic polymer is a butyral resin or a styrene / maleic acid half ester resin. (6) The thickness of the ink layer is in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 μm.

The heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention will be described below. As described above, the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention has a structure in which a support, an ink layer, and an adhesive layer are laminated in this order. The ink layer has a pigment and a softening point of 40 ° C to 1
The amorphous organic high-molecular polymer in the temperature range of 50 ° C. is contained in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight and 25 to 65% by weight, respectively, and the film thickness is in a range of 0.2 μm to 1.0 μm. The heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention is advantageously used for forming a multi-tone image (particularly a full-color image) by area-wise tone by heat-sensitive transfer, but it can also be used for binary recording. Of course. Hereinafter, the support, the ink layer, and the adhesive layer will be described in this order.

As the support of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet, various known supports are used as the support of the conventional heat-transfer sheet for melt transfer or sublimation transfer. Mold release treatment applied, thickness 5
A polyester film of about μm is particularly preferable.

The ink layer of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention is a layer containing a pigment and an amorphous organic polymer. As the pigment contained in the ink layer, various known pigments can be used, and examples thereof include carbon black, azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, thioindigo pigments, anthraquinone pigments and isoindolinone pigments. It is also possible to use two or more of these in combination,
A known dye may be added for adjusting the hue. In the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention, in order to obtain a predetermined concentration in a thin film, the content of the pigment in the ink layer is 30% by weight to
It is 70% by weight (preferably 30 to 50% by weight).
If the pigment ratio is less than 30% by weight, it becomes difficult to obtain the concentration with the above-mentioned predetermined film thickness. Further, in the present invention, the particle size of the pigment is preferably such that 70% by weight or more of the pigment is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 μm. If the particle size is large, the transparency of the overlapping part of each color during color reproducibility is likely to be impaired,
Moreover, it may be difficult to satisfy both of the relationship between the layer thickness and the concentration.

The amorphous organic polymer having a softening point of 40 ° C. to 150 ° C. contained in the ink layer of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention is, for example, butyral resin, polyamide resin,
Polyethyleneimine resin, sulfonamide resin, polyester polyol resin, petroleum resin, styrene, α-methylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, vinylbenzoic acid, sodium vinylbenzenesulfonate, styrene and its derivatives such as aminostyrene, etc. Polymers and copolymers, methacrylic acid esters such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and α-ethylhexyl acrylate and acrylic acid, butadiene and isodiene , Dienes such as isoprene, acrylonitrile, vinyl ethers, maleic acid and maleic acid esters, maleic anhydride,
Examples thereof include homopolymers of vinylic monomers such as cinnamic acid, vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, and copolymers of other monomers. Two or more kinds of these resins may be mixed and used. Of these, butyral resin and styrene / maleic acid half ester resin are preferable from the viewpoint of dispersibility. The softening point of these resins is selected in the range of 40 ° C to 150 ° C. If it exceeds 150 ° C, the thermal recording sensitivity tends to be low, while if it is less than 40 ° C, the ink layer tends to have poor adhesion resistance. Specific examples of the butyral resin include Denka butyral # 2000-L (degree of polymerization: about 300), #
4000-1 (degree of polymerization: about 920) (above, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), S-REC BX-10 (Tg: 74)
° C, degree of polymerization: 80, degree of acetalization: 69 mol%, S-REC BL-S (Tg: 61 ° C, etattle viscosity: 12)
cps and above Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. can be mentioned.

In the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention, the content of the amorphous organic polymer in the ink layer is 25 to 65.
% By weight (preferably 30 to 50% by weight).

In the ink layer of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention,
Further, it is preferable that a nitrogen-containing compound is contained. Examples of the nitrogen-containing compound include amide compounds represented by the general formula (I), amines, quaternary ammonium salts represented by the general formula (II) or (III) described later, hydrazines, and aromatic amines. And heterocyclic aromatic compounds. Among these, the above general formula (I)
The amide compound represented by

The nitrogen-containing compound will be described in more detail below. First, the amide compound represented by the general formula (I) will be described in detail. In the general formula (I), the alkyl group represented by R ¹ is preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms (more preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms). The alkyl group represented by R ² has 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
(More preferably, it is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms). The alkyl group represented by R ³ is
An alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms) is preferable. R ³ is also preferably a hydrogen atom.

The amide compound represented by the general formula (I) is
For example, as known as the Schotten-Baumann method,
It can be obtained by a method of introducing an acyl group by adding an acyl halide to an alkaline aqueous solution of amine and reacting it. In this case, the reaction conditions are selected such that an alkaline aqueous solution of amine is ice-cooled, and the acyl halide is added dropwise and reacted in this solution so as to keep the temperature at 15 ° C. or lower. At this time, solids produced with an equivalence ratio of amine, alkali and acyl halide of 1: 1: 1
It is an amide compound.

On the other hand, when a poorly water-soluble amine is used, an ether solution may be used and the reaction may be carried out in a system in which a tertiary amine typified by triethylamine is added in place of the alkali. In this case, the reaction conditions are selected such that the ether solution of the acyl halide is added dropwise to the ether solution of the amine and triethylamine and reacted. At this time, the equivalent ratio of amine, triethylamine and acyl halide is set to be 1: 1: 1. And the solid produced is an amide compound. If necessary, the amide compound thus obtained can be purified by recrystallization to obtain a higher purity amide compound.

Specific combinations of the amine and the acyl halide used for forming the amide compound represented by the general formula (I) include those shown in Table 1, but are not limited thereto. Not a thing.

[0029]

[Table 1] Table 1: Examples of combinations of amine and acyl halide ─────────────────────────────────── ── Halogenated acyl amine ──────────────────────────────────── CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₅ CH _{(OH) (CH 2) 10} COCl H 2 NC 2 H 4 0H CH 3 (CH 2) 5 CH (OH) (CH 2) 10 COCl NH 3 n-C 9 H 19 COCl CH 3 NH 2 n-C 15 H ₃₁ COCl CH ₃ NH ₂ n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COCl CH ₃ NH ₂ n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COCl C ₂ H ₅ NH ₂ n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COCl n-C ₄ H ₉ NH ₂ n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COCl n-C ₆ H ₁₃ NH ₂ n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COCl n-C ₈ H ₁₇ NH ₂ n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COCl H ₂ NC ₂ H ₄ OC ₂ H ₄ OH n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ CO _{l (CH 3) 2 NH n} -C 17 H 35 COCl (C 2 H 5) 2 NH ──────────────────────────── ────────

Specific examples of the combination of R ¹ , R ² and R ³ in the general formula (I) showing the amide compound produced include those shown in Table 2.
It is not limited to these.

[0031]

[Table 2] Table 2: Examples of specific combinations of R ^{1 to} R ³ ───────────────────────────────── ──── R ¹ R ² R ³ ──────────────────────────────────── CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₅ CH (OH) (CH ₂ ) ₁₀ C ₂ H ₄ OH H CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₅ CH (OH) (CH ₂ ) ₁₀ H H n-C ₉ H ₁₉ CH ₃ H n-C ₁₅ H ₃₁ CH ₃ H n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ CH ₃ H n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ C ₂ H ₅ H n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ n-C ₄ H ₉ H n-C ₁₇ H ₃₅ n-C ₆ H ₁₃ H _{n-C 17 H 35 n-} C 8 H 17 H n-C 17 H 35 C 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 OH H n-C 17 H 35 CH 3 CH 3 n-C 17 H 35 C 2 H 5 C ₂ H ₅ ─────────────────────────────────────

Next, the quaternary ammonium salt represented by the general formula (II) will be described.

[0033]

Embedded image [In the formula, R ⁴ represents an alkyl group or an aryl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms. , Or an aryl group, and X represents an anion. ] In the general formula (II), an alkyl group represented by R ⁴ ,
And the alkyl group represented by R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ is
1 to 12 carbon atoms (more preferably, 1 to 12 carbon atoms)
The alkyl group of 8) is preferable. Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group. The alkyl group and aryl group may have a substituent. As the anion represented by X, a halogen ion is preferable, and a chlorine ion and a bromine ion are particularly preferable. In the present invention, examples of the quaternary ammonium salt represented by the general formula (II) include ammonium chloride, tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, triethylmethylammonium chloride and the like.

Next, the quaternary ammonium salt represented by the general formula (III) will be described.

[0035]

[Chemical 4] [Wherein R ⁸ , R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ are
Independently of each other, hydrogen atom, hydroxy group, carbon number 1 to
12 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group, R ¹⁴ represents an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and X represents an anion. The quaternary ammonium salt represented by the general formula (III) is a so-called bis type quaternary ammonium salt, and an example thereof is hexamethonium bromide [that is, hexamethylenebis (trimethylammonium bromide)]. Can be mentioned.

Examples of amines used in the present invention include cyclohexylamine, trioctylamine and ethylenediamine. Examples of the hydrazines used in the present invention include dimethylhydrazine. Examples of the aromatic amines used in the present invention include p-toluidine, N, N-dimethylaniline and N-ethylaniline. Examples of the heterocyclic aromatic compound used in the present invention include N-methylpyrrole, N-ethylpyridinium bromide, imidazole, N-methylquinolinium bromide and 2-methylbenzothiazole.

The nitrogen-containing compound used in the present invention is
0.1 to 20% by weight (preferably 1 to 20% by weight) in the ink layer
10% by weight). The amount of the nitrogen-containing compound used is usually 0.00 per 1 m ^{2 of} the thermal transfer sheet.
It is 1 g to 2 g, preferably 0.01 g to 0.5 g.

In the ink layer of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention,
In order to improve the releasability of the ink layer from the support and the thermal sensitivity at the time of thermal printing, various releasing agents and softening agents are added to the ink layer.
It is also possible to add it in an amount of 0% by weight or less. Specifically, for example, palmitic acid, higher fatty acids such as stearic acid, fatty acid metal salts such as zinc stearate, fatty acid esters or partially saponified products thereof, fatty acid derivatives, higher alcohols, ether derivatives of polyhydric alcohols, and the like,
Waxes such as paraffin wax, carnauba wax, montan wax, beeswax, wood wax, candelilla wax, etc., and viscosity average molecular weights of about 1,000 to 10,0.
Polyolefins such as low molecular weight polyethylene of about 00, polypropylene, polybutylene, etc., or olefins,
Low molecular weight copolymers of α-olefins with organic acids such as maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc., low molecular weight copolymers, low molecular weight oxidized polyolefins, halogenated polyolefins, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, etc. Long chain alkyl side chains Of methacrylic acid ester, acrylic acid ester or perfluoro group-containing acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester alone or copolymers with vinyl monomers such as styrenes, low polydimethylsiloxane, polydiphenylsiloxane, etc. Molecular weight silicone resins and silicone-modified organic substances, etc., and also cationic surfactants such as ammonium salts and pyridinium salts having long-chain aliphatic groups, or anions, nonionic surfactants, perfluoro, which also have long-chain aliphatic groups. System surface activity And the like can be given. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Regarding the dispersion of the above-mentioned pigment in the amorphous organic polymer, various dispersion methods used in the field of paints such as ball milling with the addition of a suitable solvent can be applied. A nitrogen-containing compound, a release agent, etc. are added to the obtained dispersion liquid to prepare a coating material, and the coating material thus prepared is applied onto the release layer by a known method to form an ink layer. You can

The ink layer of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention has a layer thickness of 0.2 μm to 1.0 μm (preferably 0.2 to
0.6 μm). When the thickness of the ink layer is thicker than 1.0 μm, the shadow portion is easily crushed or the highlight portion is easily skipped in the area gradation reproducibility, resulting in poor gradation reproducibility. On the other hand, if the layer thickness is less than 0.2 μm, it becomes difficult to obtain the desired concentration.

The adhesive layer provided on the ink layer is
At the time of thermal transfer, it is preferable that the adhesive layer and the image receiving sheet are made of a material having high adhesiveness. Examples of such a material include polyvinyl alcohol; polyvinyl butyral; polyvinyl pyrrolidone; acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, acrylamide, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, or a homopolymer of styrene, or a monomer thereof and another monomer. Copolymers with monomers; ethylene copolymers (eg, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene / acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene / vinyl chloride copolymers, ethylene / acrylic acid ester copolymers); Polyester resin; Cellulosic resin (eg, nitrocellulose); Polyolefin (eg, polyethylene,
Polypropylene); polyamide; polyurethane; wax; synthetic rubber (eg styrene butadiene); and chlorinated rubber. Among these, those selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral and polyvinyl pyrrolidone are preferable. Particularly, polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl butyral is preferable. The above materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, when the adhesive layer is composed of the same material as the material used for the surface layer (image receiving layer) of the image receiving sheet, when the structures of the adhesive layer and the image receiving layer are similar, or when the adhesive layer is A particularly remarkable effect can be obtained when the image receiving layer is composed of a material that can be dissolved in the same solvent.

The adhesive layer can be formed by dissolving the above materials in a suitable solvent to prepare a coating solution, applying the coating solution on the ink layer by a conventional coating method, and drying. it can. Examples of the solvent used include water, alcohols (eg, methanol, ethanol, propanol), hydrocarbons (eg, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane), hydrogen halides, ketones (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), and Examples thereof include ester type solvents (eg, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate). The adhesive layer is usually 0.01 to 10 μm, preferably 0.01 to 2 μm, and more preferably 0.05.
It is formed with a film thickness of up to 1.0 μm.

The ink layer of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention is mainly composed of a pigment and an amorphous organic high molecular polymer, and has a higher pigment ratio than the conventional wax-melting type. The hourly viscosity does not fall as low as 10 ² to 10 ³ cps and is at least higher than 10 ⁴ cps at a temperature of 150 ° C. In addition, since an adhesive layer having high adhesiveness to the image receiving layer is provided on the ink layer, the image forming method using the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of the present invention has a thermal adhesive property to the image receiving sheet, or In the case of forming a color image, it can be said that it is a thin film peeling development type image formation utilizing thermal adhesiveness between the ink layer and the adhesive layer.
This, combined with the effect of thinning the ink layer, enables a wide range of gradation reproduction from the shadow portion to the highlight portion while maintaining high resolution, and also improves edge sharpness, and further enhances 100%. Enables image transfer. This makes it possible to reproduce, for example, a small character of 4 points and evenness in the density of solid areas.

As the image receiving sheet used in the image forming method of the present invention, heat softening synthetic paper or US Pat.
No. 482625, No. 4766053, and No. 49.
It is possible to use the image-receiving sheet technology provided with a heat-adhesive layer containing an organic high-molecular polymer described in each specification of No. 33258 and the like. As a support for the image-receiving sheet provided with a heat-adhesive layer containing at least an organic polymer, paper or a plastic film such as a polyester film, a polycarbonate film, a polypropylene film or a polyvinyl chloride film can be used. When used for proofing, a transfer image formed on a plastic film may be retransferred to the printing main paper to form an image on the same paper as the printing main paper to form an image.

Next, the image forming method of the present invention will be described. The image forming method of the present invention can be carried out using a thermal head printer, using the heat-sensitive transfer sheet having the above-mentioned configuration and the image-receiving sheet as described above. First, in the case of using a thermal head printer, the image receiving sheet as described above is superposed on the adhesive layer of the thermal transfer sheet of the present invention, the thermal head is pressed against the back surface of the thermal transfer sheet, and after printing, It is carried out by peeling the support of the transfer sheet from the image receiving sheet, whereby a transfer image having an area gradation of which the optical reflection density is 1.0 or more can be formed on the image receiving sheet.
Further, the transfer image on the image-receiving sheet obtained as described above is further overlaid on a white support, which is a separately prepared printing main sheet, and pressure and heat treatment is performed in this state to re-image on the white support. A transfer can be obtained. This makes it possible to form a retransfer image having an optical reflection density of 1.0 or more in area gradation. The above-mentioned image forming method can be specifically carried out by using a method conventionally known as an image forming method using a thermal head printer using a thermal transfer sheet.

[0046]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. [Example 1] (Preparation of heat-sensitive transfer sheet) Four kinds of pigment / amorphous organic high molecular polymer dispersions A, B, C and D having the following compositions were prepared. Polyvinyl butyral 12 parts by weight (Denka Butyral # 2000-L, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) Pigment (unit: parts by weight) ABCD Cyan pigment (C.I.PB. 15: 4) 12 --- Magenta Pigment (C.I.PR. 57: 1) -12 --- Yellow pigment (C.I.PY.14)-12-Black pigment (CB-100) ---- 15.6 Dispersion aid 0.8 Parts by weight (Solspers S-20,000, manufactured by ICI Japan Co., Ltd.) Solvent (n-propyl alcohol) 110 parts by weight

N-hydroxyethyl-12- was added to 10 parts by weight of each of the dispersions A, B, C and D described above.
Coating solutions A, B, C, and D were prepared by adding 0.24 parts by weight of hydroxystearic acid amide, 20 parts by weight of cyclohexanone, and 40 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone. Then, the coating solution A was applied to a polyester film (manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) having a thickness of 5 μm whose back surface was subjected to a release treatment using a spin coater (Wheeler) to obtain a dry layer thickness of the coating solution A of 0. 36 μm, coating liquid B was 0.38 μm, coating liquid C was 0.42 μm, and coating liquid D was 0.40 μm. The particle size (particle size) distribution of the cyan pigment used is shown in FIG. 1, the particle size distribution of the magenta pigment is shown in FIG. 2, and the particle size distribution of the yellow pigment is shown in FIG. The particle size distribution of the black pigment was almost the same as that described above.

(Preparation of Adhesive Layer) A 0.01% by weight methanol solution of polyvinyl butyral was used as a coating liquid for forming an adhesive layer. The obtained coating liquid was applied onto the coating film of each color obtained above using a whiler so that the dry layer thickness was 0.2 μm, and an adhesive layer was formed on each. As described above, a cyan thermal transfer sheet, a magenta thermal transfer sheet, a yellow thermal transfer sheet, and a black thermal transfer sheet were prepared (Sample 1).

[Example 2] In the preparation of the adhesive layer of Example 1, 0.01% by weight of polyvinyl butyral in methanol was used instead of 0.01% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
A heat-sensitive transfer sheet corresponding to each color was prepared in the same manner except that a weight% water / methanol mixed solution was used (Sample 2).

[Comparative Example 1] In the preparation of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet of Example 1, a heat-sensitive transfer sheet corresponding to each color was prepared in the same manner except that no adhesive layer was provided (Sample 1 for comparison). .

(Preparation of Image Receiving Sheet) A coating solution for forming an image receiving first layer and a coating solution for forming an image receiving second layer having the following compositions were prepared. Coating solution for image receiving first layer Vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate copolymer 25 parts by weight (MPR-TSL, manufactured by Nisshin Chemical Co., Ltd.) 12 parts by weight dibutyloctyl phthalate (DOP, manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) Surfactant Agent 4 parts by weight (MegaFac F-177, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) Solvent (methyl ethyl ketone) 75 parts by weight

Coating solution for image receiving second layer: 16 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral (Denka Butyral # 2000-L, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 4 parts by weight of N, N-dimethylacrylamide / butyl acrylate copolymer Surfactant 0 .5 parts by weight (Megafuck F-177, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) solvent (n-propyl alcohol) 200 parts by weight

A 100 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film support was coated with the above coating solution for forming the first image receiving layer at 300 rpm using a spin coater and then in an oven at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes. Dried. The layer thickness of the obtained first image receiving layer was 20 μm. Further, the coating solution for the second image-receiving layer was applied onto the first image-receiving layer using a spin coater at 200 rpm, and the coating solution was applied in an oven at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes.
Dried for minutes. The thickness of the obtained second image receiving layer was 2 μm.

[Image formation using a thermal head and its evaluation] The heat-sensitive transfer sheet obtained above (Samples 1 to 1)
2 and a comparative control sample 1) and an image receiving sheet,
The image forming method was carried out in the following procedure. First, the cyan heat-sensitive transfer sheet and the image-receiving sheet were superposed on each other, and heat-sensitive printing was performed by a thermal head recording device by a sub-scanning division method. This principle is based on the fact that a 75 μm × 50 μm head is turned on and off in the 50 μm direction with a minute feed of 3 μm pitch.
This is a method of performing multi-step recording only with area gradation. Then
The polyester film (support) of the cyan heat-sensitive transfer sheet was peeled off, and an image consisting of area gradation alone was formed on the image-receiving sheet. Then, a magenta heat-sensitive transfer sheet is superposed on the image-receiving sheet on which the cyan image is formed, the positions are aligned and printing is performed in the same manner, and the polyester film of the magenta transfer sheet is peeled off to form a magenta image on the image-receiving sheet. An image was formed. Further, similarly, a yellow image is formed on the magenta image, and a black image is further formed on the yellow image in the same manner, and a color image (full color image) consisting of only area gradation is formed on the image receiving sheet. Formed.

Next, the image-receiving sheet on which the color image was formed was superposed on art paper, passed through a heat roller at a pressure of 4.5 kg / cm ² , 130 ° C. and a speed of 4 m / sec, and then the image-receiving sheet. The polyester film was peeled off and the second image receiving layer on which the transfer ink image was placed was left on the art paper to obtain a color image. The reflection density of each single color in the obtained color image was as follows. Optical density (solid) Cyan 1.53 Magenta 1.43 Yellow 1.58

In the above image formation, a sensory evaluation by 10 persons was conducted on the sound (running sound) generated during printing running. Further, the obtained color image was evaluated for sensitivity, gradation reproducibility, and register accuracy. The sensitivity was judged based on the darkness and lightness of the grayscale portion of the obtained image (that is, when recording was performed at the same output, the higher the sensitivity, the larger the dots in that portion, and the higher the density of the halftone dot image). The evaluation was carried out by the following relative evaluation regarding sensitivity, running sound and gradation reproducibility. That is, a color image obtained by using the comparative sample 1 is a standard image (C
C) was evaluated according to the following criteria. AA BB sensitivity: much higher than the control. High compared to the control. Gradation reproducibility: very good compared to the comparison. Good compared to the control. Driving sound: Very low compared to the comparison. Small compared to the control. The register accuracy was evaluated by outputting an image with register marks at the four corners of an A3 size screen, measuring the amount of misalignment between each color, and determining the average value. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0057]

[Table 3] Table 3 ──────────────────────────────────── Adhesive Layer Structure Sensitivity Gradation Travel Sound register accuracy Reproducibility (μm) ──────────────────────────────────── Sample 1 Polyvinyl butyral AA AA AA AA 20 Sample 2 Polyvinyl alcohol AA AA AA 30 ──────────────────────────────────── Comparative adhesive layer None CC CC CC 50 Sample 1 ─────────────────────────────────────

From the results of Table 3 above, by providing the adhesive layer, the performance such as sensitivity and gradation reproducibility is improved, the running noise is reduced, and the positional deviation is small, so that a high-quality color image can be obtained. You know you can get it. Further, the obtained color image was an image in which the image surface following the unevenness of the paper was matted and the surface gloss was very similar to that of the printed matter.

[0059]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The heat-sensitive transfer sheet having the adhesive layer of the present invention has very high sensitivity because the transferability of the ink layer is improved by providing the adhesive layer. Further, by using the heat-sensitive transfer sheet having the adhesive layer of the present invention,
It is possible to reduce running noise during image formation by thermal transfer using a thermal head. Further, the obtained transferred image is composed of only area gradation, and has excellent gradation reproducibility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing a particle size distribution of a cyan pigment used in Example 1. The horizontal axis of the graph represents the particle size (μm), the left vertical axis represents the percentage of particles of each particle size, and the right vertical axis represents the cumulative percentage.

2 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the magenta pigment used in Example 1. FIG. The method of displaying the graph is the same as in FIG.

3 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the yellow pigment used in Example 1. FIG. The method of displaying the graph is the same as in FIG.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location 7416-2H B41M 5/26 P

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A pigment and an amorphous organic polymer having a softening point in the temperature range of 40 ° C. to 150 ° C.
.About.70 wt.% And 25 to 65 wt.% With a layer thickness of 0.2
A heat-sensitive transfer sheet having an ink layer in the range of μm to 1.0 μm and an adhesive layer on the ink layer. 2. The heat-sensitive transfer sheet according to claim 1, wherein 70% by weight or more of the pigment in the ink layer has a particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 μm. 3. The adhesive layer is a layer made of a high molecular polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
The heat-sensitive transfer sheet described in. 4. The ink layer further contains a nitrogen-containing compound, and the nitrogen-containing compound is represented by the general formula (I): [In the formula, R ¹ represents an alkyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and R ^1
2 and R ³ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 1
Represents an alkyl group of 1 to 12; however, any alkyl group may contain an ether bond or may be substituted with a hydroxy group, and when both R ² and R ³ are hydrogen atoms, R ^One alkyl group contains at least one ether bond or hydroxy group. ] The heat-sensitive transfer sheet according to claim 1, which is an amide compound represented by the following formula. 5. An image receiving sheet is superposed on the adhesive layer of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet according to claim 1, a thermal head is pressed against the back surface of the heat-sensitive transfer sheet, and the optical reflection density is 1.0 or more on the image-receiving sheet. An image forming method comprising forming a transfer image composed of area gradation. 6. A transfer image formed by overlaying an image receiving sheet on the adhesive layer of the thermal transfer sheet according to claim 1, pressing a thermal head from the back of the thermal transfer sheet, and forming an area gradation on the image receiving sheet. And then the transferred image on the image-receiving sheet is re-transferred onto a separately prepared white support, and an optical reflection density of 1.0 or more is formed on the white support. Forming a transfer image.