JPH08237285A - Automatic setting method for inter-net protocol address - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce the number of times of the transmission of a packet attached with a multiple address when automatically setting of the inter-net protocol address (hereafter abbreviated to IP address) of plural terminals located in a LAN system. CONSTITUTION: This system is constituted of the terminals 1 to N and a host 10, and when the host 10 transmits an ARP request packet 30 attached with the multiple address once, each of the terminals 1 to N having received this ARP request packet 30 transmits an ARP answer packet to the host 10. The host 10 having received the ARP answer packet from the terminals 1 to N determines the IP addresses of the terminals 1 to N on the basis of the contents of these ARP answer packets, and informs each terminal 1 to N of the IP address determined separately.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for automatically setting an internet protocol address (hereinafter abbreviated as IP address) for each of these connected terminals when a plurality of terminals are connected to a network. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a local area network (hereinafter abbreviated as LAN) system connecting a plurality of terminals, a method of setting an IP address of each terminal is to manually set each terminal manually. Generally, this method is used, but as the number of terminals connected to the LAN system is increased, human error such as duplication of IP addresses is likely to occur. Therefore, as a method to automatically set the IP address,
The IP address automatic setting method by RARP, which will be described later, has been used. A method of automatically setting an IP address for a terminal by this RARP will be described below.

Before the explanation, a data format used for communication between terminals in the LAN system will be explained. FIG. 10 is a frame structure diagram of, for example, an Ethernet frame generally used in a LAN system.
00 is a layer 2 (data link layer) frame, which is a frame header 110 and a layer 3 (network layer) data section 1
It consists of 20. The frame header 110 is an ETYPE that identifies the destination physical address 111, the source physical address 112, and the data of the layer 3 data section 120.
It is composed of 113. Also, the layer 3 data section 120
When this layer 3 data is a packet (the types of packets used in this specification are ARP packet, R
It is composed of a packet header 121 (which is an ARP packet and a UDP packet) and packet data 122. Further, FIG. 11 corresponds to the contents of the packet header 121, and is an ARP packet or RAR used in this specification.
It is a block diagram of the packet header 121 of P packet.

Further, the meanings of the terms used in this specification will be described here, and the description of these terms will be omitted below. -TCP / IP is Transmission Control Protocol
/ Internet Protocol, which is a protocol for connecting different types of computers. The IP address consists of 4 bytes and is an address for identifying the terminal or host in the network. This IP address is AA. BB. CC. DD
The format is AA. BB. CC is a network address for identifying a network, and DD is a host address for identifying a terminal or a host in the same network. The physical address is composed of 6 bytes and is a unique address of the terminal or the host that manages the terminal. -A broadcast address is a terminal connected to a network, or a layer 2 frame transmitted by a host to all other terminals connected to the same network,
Or the address used to broadcast to the host.
Specifically, 0xFFFFFF is set to the destination physical address 111.
The address written as FFFFFFF (physical address is represented by hexadecimal number, but 0x is omitted for simplification). For simplification, this address will be referred to as a broadcast address hereinafter.・ ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol,
This is a network layer protocol used to learn the physical address of a certain terminal from the IP address of the terminal, and the packet used in this protocol is called an ARP packet.・ RARP is an abbreviation for Reverse ARP, which means I
This is a network layer protocol used to learn the P address from the physical address of the terminal, and the packet used in this protocol is called RARP packet. When using this RARP, an RARP server (corresponding to a host in this specification) that notifies the IP address is required. -UDP is an abbreviation for User Datagram Protocol, which is a connectionless layer 4 (transport layer) protocol, and in this specification, when a host notifies a terminal of an IP address, this UDP packet is used. Notifying. -The Internet is a worldwide network formed by TCP / IP communication.・ What is JPNIC? Japan Network Information Center
Is an organization that assigns a formal network address within an IP address for joining the Internet in Japan. The network address assigned by this JPNIC enables communication with all terminals on the Internet.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a general LAN system connected by TCP / IP. The network address used by this LAN system is 10.0.0.
And In the figure, 1 to N are terminals connected to this LAN system, 10 is a host that controls the entire LAN system, and 20 is a RARP request packet transmitted by the terminal 1. In addition, I of the host 10 in FIG.
P address is 10.0.0.10, physical address is 08
It is set to 0070210001. Also, terminal 1
Is set to 080070000001, and thereafter, the physical address of the terminal 2 is 0800700.
0000 2, ... Physical address of terminal N is 08007
It is set to 000000N. In addition, I of terminal 1-N
The P address has not been set. Further, FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation flow of the host 10 and the terminal 1 in the first embodiment.

Next, the terminal 1 sends the RAR to the host 10.
The operation of requesting the setting of the IP address by P and thereby causing the host 10 to set the IP address to the terminal 1 will be described with reference to the drawings. In step 200, the terminal 1 to which an IP address is not assigned by the host 10
Sends the RARP request packet 20. This RAR
FIG. 14 shows the contents of the header of the P request packet 20. Since this terminal 1 does not recognize the IP address and physical address of the host 10, the header shown in FIG. 14 is attached to the layer 2 frame with the broadcast address.
The ARP request packet 20 is transmitted. The host 10 having received the RARP request packet 20 sent by the terminal 1 in step 201, the terminal 1 in the RARP request packet 20 received by the host 10 in step 202.
Of the physical address of the terminal 1 is searched, and if the host 10 has not already registered, the physical address of the terminal 1 is newly registered, and the physical address of the registered terminal 1 is associated. Search for an IP address. Next, in step 203, the host 10 selects one of the IP addresses searched in step 202 and determines it as the IP address of the terminal 1. Next, the host 10
In step 204, the IP address of the terminal 1 determined as shown in FIG. 15 is set as the destination IP address R
The ARP response packet is sent to the terminal 1. The terminal 1, which receives the RARP response packet sent by the host 10 in step 205, sets the IP address notified by this RARP response packet in step 206, registers the physical address of the host 10, and thereafter sets this. The communication with the other terminals 2 to N, the host 10, and other networks (not shown) is performed using the IP address.

The setting of IP addresses for the terminals 2 to N is also performed in the same manner as the above-mentioned operation. That is, terminals 1 to
To set all N IP addresses, RARP request packets with a total of N broadcast addresses will be sent.

[0008]

As described above, when the IP addresses of the terminals 1 to N in the conventional LAN system are set using RARP as described above, a total of N broadcast addresses are set. RARP request packet is sent. Therefore, the following problems have occurred. (1) Since N RARP request packets are received by all terminals other than the terminal that sent the host 10 other than the host 10,
Traffic in the AN system increases, which causes RA
Due to the collision of packets used in RP,
Data transfer performance deteriorates. Especially, in an operating LAN system, if an IP address is set to the newly connected terminal by RARP as described above, there is a risk that the operations performed by other operating terminals and hosts will be disturbed. . (2) For example, in order to newly join the Internet, J
When the IP address to be changed is changed to the IP address set in each terminal when the IP address is acquired from the PNIC, if the above method is used, the problem described in (1) may occur. appear.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to set an IP address without sending a packet with a broadcast address as much as possible, and to change the IP by changing the network system or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide an IP address automatic setting method that enables easy resetting of an IP address when resetting the address.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method of automatically setting an Internet protocol address according to the present invention includes a plurality of terminals, a network connecting each of the plurality of terminals, and a plurality of terminals connected to the network. A control terminal for managing, a plurality of terminals, and a first address uniquely set for each of the control terminals, a plurality of terminals, and a second address indicating the whereabouts of each of the control terminals, Storage means for storing the correspondence between the first address and the second address of each of the plurality of terminals is provided, and the control terminal broadcasts the first address to the plurality of terminals. Requesting a first address, and each of the plurality of terminals receiving the broadcast transmission controls the first address as a response to the control terminal. A first address transmitting step of transmitting only to the end, and the control terminal determines the second address corresponding to the received first address, stores the second address in the storage means, and determines the second address. Second address notifying step of individually notifying the determined second address to the terminal having the first address corresponding to the address.

Further, in the method for automatically setting an Internet protocol address according to the next invention, the broadcast transmission is to a specific group of a plurality of terminals.

Further, according to the method of automatically setting an Internet protocol address according to the next invention, an address changing step for changing the correspondence between the first address and the second address stored in the storage means, and the changed second The changed address notifying step of individually notifying the changed second address to the terminal having the first address corresponding to the above address.

[0013]

In the automatic setting method of the Internet protocol address according to the present invention, the control terminal transmits the broadcast
A first address requesting step of requesting the first address to the plurality of terminals, and each of the plurality of terminals receiving the broadcast transmission sends the first address only to the control terminal as a response to the control terminal. The first address transmission step of transmitting and the control terminal determines the second address corresponding to the received first address and stores the second address in the storage means, and at the same time, the first address corresponding to the determined second address. When the IP address is set to each of the plurality of terminals by the second address notifying step of notifying the individually determined second address to the terminal having the address, the number of times the packet with the broadcast address is transmitted is determined. It only needs to be done once.

Further, in the method for automatically setting the Internet protocol address according to the next invention, since the broadcast transmission is made to a specific group of a plurality of terminals, it is possible to target the terminals which need the IP address setting.

Further, in the method for automatically setting an Internet protocol address according to the next invention, an address changing step for changing the correspondence between the first address and the second address stored in the storage means and the changed second address. The IP address can be changed without sending the packet with the broadcast address by the change address notification step that individually notifies the changed second address to the terminal having the first address corresponding to the address. Becomes

[0016]

【Example】

Example 1. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The hardware configuration of the LAN system is the same as that of the conventional example. Also, the IP address of the host 10 connected to this LAN system is assumed to be the same as the conventional example. Further, the physical address registered in each of the host 10 and the terminals 1 to N is assumed to be the same as the conventional example. However, it is assumed that the IP addresses of the terminals 1 to N are set to 10.0.0.12 as a default.

In FIG. 1, the host 10 is A in the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation when the RP request packet 30 is transmitted, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents in the header of this ARP request packet 30. Further, FIG. 3 shows each of the terminals 1 to N that received the ARP request packet 30 from the host 10.
Is an explanatory view for explaining the operation when the ARP response packets 41 to 4N are transmitted. FIG.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the content in the header of 1. Furthermore, FIG.
Is the I assigned by the host 10 to each of the terminals 1 to N.
Notification packet 5 composed of UDP for notifying P address
It is explanatory drawing explaining the operation | movement at the time of sending out 1-5N. Further, FIG. 6 shows the physical address and I of the host 10.
FIG. 7 is a management table of the IP address of the host 10, which corresponds to the P address. Further, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation flow between the host 10 and each terminal in the first embodiment.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. In step 300, the host 10 sends out an ARP request packet 30 with a broadcast address. Also, this AR
As the destination address in the header of the P request packet 30, the IP address set by default (10.0.
Since 0.12) is written, all of the connected terminals 1 to N receive the ARP request packet 30 as shown in FIG. Each terminal receiving the ARP request packet 30 sent from the host 10 in step 301 sends ARP reply packets 41 to 4N to the host 1 in step 302 as shown in FIG. The headers of the ARP response packets 41 to 4N change as shown in FIG. 4, and the physical address and IP address of each terminal are inserted into this header and transmitted. Step 3
03, ARP response packet 4 sent by each terminal
The host 10 having received 1 to 4N has already registered in step 304 the physical addresses of the respective terminals set in the received ARP response packets 41 to 4N in the correspondence table of physical addresses and IP addresses shown in FIG. If it is already registered, it is decided to allocate an IP address corresponding to the registered physical address. Further, for a terminal whose physical address is not registered, the unused IP address is detected by searching the IP address management table of FIG. 7, and the physical address of the corresponding terminal is assigned. Further, by registering the unregistered physical address and the IP address corresponding to this physical address in FIG. 6 and making the registered IP address used in FIG. 7, the IP address of each terminal in step 305. Make a decision.

Next, in step 306, the host 10 individually notifies each terminal of the notification packets 51 to 5N generated according to the UDP format in order to notify each terminal of the IP address determined in step 305. Send to. In step 307, each terminal receives the notification packets 51 to 5N transmitted by the host 10, and in step 308, the received notification packets 51 to 5N.
IP that each terminal owns the IP address notified by
The IP address is set in an address storage table (not shown), the physical address of the host 10 is registered, and thereafter, communication is performed using the set IP address.

With the above operation, if the host 10 uses the packet with the broadcast address once in the operation of newly setting the IP address for the plurality of terminals,
The above operation can be realized. Therefore, the traffic in the LAN system is lower than that in the conventional example, and the data transfer performance is improved. Furthermore, by distinguishing it from the operating terminal by the IP address set by default,
Since the operating terminal does not receive the ARP request packet,
Only the terminal that needs the IP address setting can be selected and set. In this embodiment, the IP address set by default for each terminal is 10.0.
Although 0.12 is set, if the above operation can be achieved, this I
It goes without saying that the value of the host address in the P address may be another value.

Example 2. In the first embodiment, the method for automatically setting the IP address has been described for the terminal to which the IP address is not set. In the present embodiment, the IP address of the terminal which is already in operation after the IP address has already been set, for example, when the JPNIC is newly joined, the IP addresses of the host 10 and the terminal are changed to the network address system assigned by the JPNIC. The automatic setting method in the case will be described.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation flow between the host 10 and each terminal in the second embodiment. The configuration of the LAN system according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the terminals 1 to N are connected to the IP from the host 10 according to the first embodiment.
It is assumed that the address has been set and is already in operation.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. In step 400, for example, the operator manually inputs the change contents of the IP address, which has changed the network address system, to the host 10. In step 401, the host 10 changes the contents of the physical address / IP address correspondence table shown in FIG. 10 and the IP address management table shown in FIG. 11 according to the input change contents. Next, in step 402,
The host 10 uses the changed contents of the IP address as the notification packets 51 to 5 according to the UDP used in the first embodiment, for example.
N is used to notify each terminal of an IP address change. In step 403, each of the terminals 1 to N that has received the notification packets 51 to 5N transmitted by the host 10 refers to the IP address described in the notification packets 51 to 5N in step 404 and is owned by each terminal. The IP address in the IP address storage table is updated.

With the above operation, automatic setting can be performed relatively easily even when the IP address is changed.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the method for automatically setting the Internet protocol address, the control terminal requests the first address from a plurality of terminals by broadcast transmission. A request step, a first address transmitting step in which each of the plurality of terminals receiving the broadcast transmission transmits a first address to only the control terminal as a response to the control terminal, and the control terminal receives the first address. A second address corresponding to the first address is determined and stored in the storage means, and a second address individually determined is notified to the terminal having the first address corresponding to the determined second address. When the IP address is set to each of the plurality of terminals by the address notification step of 2, the number of times the packet with the broadcast address is transmitted is only one. Traffic in the LAN system is less than the conventional example, data transfer performance is improved than the conventional example.

Further, according to the following invention, in the automatic setting method of the Internet protocol address, since the broadcast transmission is transmitted to a specific group of a plurality of terminals, the terminal which needs the IP address setting is targeted. Therefore, even in a LAN system in which there are operating terminals, there is no fear of hindering the work performed by these operating terminals and hosts.

Further, according to the following invention, the method for automatically setting the Internet protocol address includes an address changing step for changing the correspondence between the first address and the second address stored in the storage means, and this changing step. For a terminal having a first address corresponding to a second address,
By the change address notifying step of notifying the changed second address individually, the IP address can be changed without sending the packet with the broadcast address, and the IP address can be changed more easily than the conventional example. become.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation when a host sends out an ARP request packet of a broadcast address in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of an ARP request packet sent by a host in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of each terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
It is explanatory drawing explaining the operation | movement when sending out a RP reply packet.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of an ARP response packet sent from each terminal in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation when the host individually sends a notification packet to each terminal in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a physical address and IP of the host of the present invention
It is an address correspondence table that stores addresses in association with each other.

FIG. 7 is an IP address management table possessed by the host of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a flow of operations according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a flow of operations according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a frame configuration diagram of an Ethernet frame.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing configurations of headers of ARP packets and RARP packets.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation when a RARP request packet with a broadcast address is transmitted from a terminal in a conventional example.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a flow of operations of a conventional example.

FIG. 14 is an RA transmitted from each terminal in FIG. 12;
It is explanatory drawing which shows the content of the RP request packet.

FIG. 15 is an RA transmitted from each terminal in FIG. 12;
RAR sent by host in response to RP request packet
It is explanatory drawing which shows the content of the P response packet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 2 ... N terminal 10 host 30 ARP request packet 41, 42 ... 4N ARP response packet 51, 52 ... 5N notification packet

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of terminals, a network connecting each of the plurality of terminals, a control terminal connected to the network for managing the plurality of terminals, a plurality of terminals, and a control terminal of the plurality of terminals. A first address uniquely set for each, a second address indicating the whereabouts of each of the plurality of terminals and the control terminal, the first address of each of the plurality of terminals, and the second
And a storage means for storing the correspondence with the address of the control terminal, and the control terminal broadcasts a first address requesting step for requesting the first address to the plurality of terminals, and the broadcast transmission. A first address transmitting step in which each of the plurality of received terminals transmits the first address to only the control terminal as a response to the control terminal; and the control terminal receives the received first address. The corresponding second address is determined and stored in the storage means, and the terminal having the first address corresponding to the determined second address is individually notified of the determined second address. A method for automatically setting an Internet protocol address, comprising a second address notifying step. 2. The method for automatically setting an Internet protocol address according to claim 1, wherein the broadcast transmission is made to a specific group of a plurality of terminals. 3. An address changing step for changing the correspondence between the first address and the second address stored in the storage means, and a terminal having a first address corresponding to the changed second address. 2. A method of automatically setting an Internet protocol address according to claim 1, further comprising: a changed address notifying step of individually notifying the changed second address.