JPH08193435A - Snow melting board and snow melting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To suppress production cost and re-utilize waste by providing a snow melting board and snow melting method which have snow melting effect or freezing prevention effect efficiently and safely and also providing component materials used for the snow melting board and snow melting method using industrial waste. CONSTITUTION: A far infrared radiating heat insulation body 1, a surface heating body 2, a far infrared radiating sheet 4, and a high heat conductive far infrared radiation body 3 are laminated in that order, and a power is supplied to the surface heating body 2. Also the high heat conductive far infrared radiation body 3, which is excellent in heat conductivity, receives heat emitted from the surface heating body 2, and radiates far infrared radiation in such a wave length area as including a wave length of 10. 6μm which is the wave length of molecule of ice at a temperature of 0 deg.C. Thus snow falling on roads and roofs and freezing of road surfaces can be prevented efficiently and safely with low power consumption.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for preventing snow accumulation (snow melting technique) or an anti-freezing technique for outdoor facilities such as buildings, roads and railways.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a snow melting method in a cold area (subzero temperature area) or a method for preventing freezing, the inside of a roof of a building, the inside of a road, or the inside of an outdoor facility having a possibility of snow accumulation or freezing. A heating wire is embedded in the heating wire to generate heat by supplying electric power to the heating wire, and the heat is used to melt snow accumulated on roofs of buildings, roads and other outdoor facilities and prevent freezing. It has been known. Further, as a conventional snow melting method, a method is known in which ground water is pumped up and the snow is melted by sprinkling the ground water.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique using a heating wire, the method of directly heating the roofing material, the asphalt or the concrete of the road, etc. by the heat generated by the heating wire, consumes no electric power. Although the amount is large, there is a problem that the snow melting effect or the antifreezing effect is small. This is generally used for roofing materials (such as roof tiles and colored asbestos boards) and road surface materials (such as asphalt and concrete), that is, those that are considered to have excellent thermal conductivity. The lack of it is also a factor. In addition, there is a problem that a fire may occur due to overheating of a heating wire in a wooden house or the like. On the other hand, the above-mentioned conventional method of pumping up groundwater and sprinkling it causes an adverse effect of ground subsidence, which is a serious social problem in the snowy region.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and provides a snow melting plate and a snow melting method that can efficiently and safely obtain a snow melting effect or an anti-freezing effect in harmony with the environment. The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the production cost and reuse the waste by obtaining the constituent materials used for the snow melting plate and the snow melting method by using the industrial waste.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present inventor has as a roofing material and a road surface material a high thermal conductivity far infrared radiation having high thermal conductivity and capable of emitting far infrared rays. The body uses its body to excite ice molecules by the far-infrared radiation of its high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiator, and then to melt snow and ice with the heat released from the ice molecules when returning from its excited state to the ground state. I thought about that. Also, from the viewpoint of safety, it was considered to use a sheet heating element having a self-temperature control function as a heat source instead of the conventional heating wire.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above idea, and the snow melting plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
It is characterized in that high thermal conductive far infrared radiators having high thermal conductivity and capable of emitting far infrared rays in a wavelength range including 3 to 25 μm are laminated.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the snow melting plate according to the first aspect, far infrared rays can be radiated between the sheet heating element and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator, and the far infrared rays can be emitted. It is characterized in that a far-infrared radiating sheet capable of transmitting the heat generated by the planar heating element by radiation to the high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiating body without convection, reflection or radiation is interposed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the snow melting plate according to the first or second aspect, a heat insulator is provided below the planar heating element.

The snow melting plate described in claim 4 is the same as in claim 1,
In the invention described in 2 or 3, the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator is a ceramic composition material made of fly ash generated in a thermal power plant, or a ceramic composition material obtained by mixing fly ash with at least one kind of metal oxide and carbide. It is characterized by being made of.

The snow melting plate described in claim 5 is the same as in claim 1,
The invention according to 2 or 3 is characterized in that the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator is made of a synthetic resin mixed with fly ash generated in a thermal power plant.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the snow melting plate according to the fifth aspect, wherein the synthetic resin is a thermoplastic resin such as urethane, acryl, vinyl chloride or polyethylene.

The snow melting plate according to claim 7 is the snow melting plate according to claim 1,
In the invention described in 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, the planar heating element has a self-temperature control function capable of preventing further temperature rise by increasing the resistance value of the sheet heating element at a predetermined temperature or higher. Is characterized by.

According to the snow melting method of the present invention, a sheet heating element is laid on the roof surface of a building, the outermost surface of a road, or other exposed portion where there is a possibility of snow accumulation or freezing. It has a high thermal conductivity on the sheet heating element and is 3 to 25.
A highly heat-conducting far-infrared radiator capable of radiating far-infrared rays in a wavelength range including μm is stacked, and the planar heating element is connected to a power source to supply power to the planar heating element.

The snow melting method described in claim 9 is the method of claim 8.
In the invention described in, between the planar heating element and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator, it is possible to radiate far infrared rays, and convection or reflection of heat generated by the planar heating element by the far infrared radiation. It is characterized in that a far-infrared radiation sheet which can be transmitted to the high-heat-conduction far-infrared radiation body without being dissipated is interposed.

[0015]

According to the invention of claim 1, the snow melting plate has a high thermal conductivity on the sheet heating element and is capable of emitting far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm. Since the radiator has a laminated structure, the heat generated by the planar heating element is efficiently transmitted to the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator, and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator emits far infrared rays. Since the emitted far-infrared wavelength includes 10.6 μm, which is the wavelength of ice molecules at 0 ° C., the snow and ice molecules are resonantly vibrated and activated (excited state), and the excited state changes to the ground state. The thermal energy released from the snow and ice molecules when returning to melts the snow and ice.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, far infrared rays can be radiated between the planar heating element and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator, and the heat generated by the planar heating element due to the far infrared radiation. Since a far-infrared radiation sheet that can transfer heat to the far-infrared radiator with high heat conduction without being convected, reflected, or dissipated, the heat generated by the planar heating element can be efficiently transmitted by far-infrared radiation without convection, reflection, or dissipation. Far-infrared rays are emitted from the far-infrared radiation sheet while being absorbed by the radiator.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the heat insulator is provided below the planar heating element, the heat generated by the planar heating element is efficiently transmitted upward and absorbed by the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator. It

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator is a ceramic composition material made of fly ash or a ceramic composition material obtained by mixing fly ash with at least one kind of metal oxide and carbide. Therefore, the wavelength range of far infrared rays radiated from these ceramic composition materials is 3 to 25 μm and includes 10.6 μm, which is the wavelength of ice molecules at 0 ° C., so that snow and ice can be melted. . Further, since fly ash is an industrial waste, it is low in cost and useful for effective use of resources.

According to the fifth or sixth aspect of the present invention, the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator is made of a composition material in which fly ash is mixed with a synthetic resin made of a thermoplastic resin such as urethane, acrylic, vinyl chloride and polyethylene. Therefore, the wavelength range of far infrared rays emitted from the composition material is 3 to
25 μm, which is the wavelength of ice molecules at 0 ° C 1
Since it contains 0.6 μm, snow and ice can be melted.
In addition, it is useful at low cost and effective use of resources.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since the sheet heating element has a self-temperature adjusting function capable of preventing further temperature rise due to an increase in the resistance value of the sheet heating element above a predetermined temperature, for example, If the resistance of the sheet heating element increases at a temperature of 55 ° C or higher, the temperature of the snow melting plate will be 55 ° C.
Since it does not rise above the above level, a fire due to overheating is prevented.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the sheet heating element is laid on the roof surface of the building, the outermost surface of the road, or any other exposed portion where there is a possibility of snow or freezing. A heat-generating far-infrared radiator having high heat conductivity and capable of radiating far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm is laminated on the heat-generating body, and the plane heat-generating body is connected to a power source to form a plane heat-generating body. By supplying electric power, it is possible to efficiently cover snow on important points of outdoor facilities such as roads, roofs and porch, snow and freeze on important points of transportation such as railways, and freezing of road surface with low power consumption. Can be prevented.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, far infrared rays can be radiated between the planar heating element and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiation element, and the far infrared radiation radiates far infrared rays from the planar heating element. Since a far-infrared radiation sheet that can convey the heat generated to the far-infrared radiation body with high heat conduction without convection, reflection, or radiation is interposed, the heat generated by the planar heating element can be efficiently generated without convection, reflection, or radiation. Far-infrared rays are emitted from the far-infrared radiation sheet while being absorbed by the high-thermal-conductivity far-infrared radiator, and snow and freezing can be efficiently prevented with low power consumption.

[0023]

EXAMPLE An example of a snow melting plate according to the present invention is shown in FIGS.
It will be described below based on. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an example of the snow melting plate according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the snow melting plate 10 has a planar heating element 2 directly laminated on a heat insulator 1 Heat-conducting far-infrared radiator 3 on the heating element 2
Are directly laminated.

The high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 is excellent in thermal conductivity, efficiently conducts the thermal energy generated by the planar heating element 2, and further radiates far infrared rays by the thermal energy conducted from the planar heating element 2. It has the characteristic that Moreover, the temperature distribution on the surface is uniform. An example of a material having such characteristics is a ceramic composition material obtained by solidifying powder of fly ash generated as industrial waste from a thermal power plant and firing the green compact. Further, as the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3, a ceramic composition material obtained by using a powder obtained by mixing fly ash and a metal oxide, a carbide or the like, or a thermoplastic resin such as urethane, vinyl chloride, nylon, acryl or polyethylene. It is also possible to use a composition material in which fly ash is mixed with a synthetic resin composed of Here, as the metal oxide, molybdenum dioxide, aluminum titanate,
Examples thereof include lead oxide. Examples of the carbide include silicon carbide, aluminum carbide, calcium carbide, black carbon and the like.

The high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 made of the above-mentioned materials radiates far infrared rays in the wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm. Here, the wavelength of ice molecules at 0 ° C is 10.6μ.
m. Therefore, when the ice molecules absorb the energy of far infrared rays emitted from the high thermal conductive far infrared ray radiator 3, they are excited and actively vibrate in resonance. When returning from its excited state to its original state, ice molecules give off thermal energy. The heat energy melts the ice. Due to the synergistic effect of this far infrared radiation and the high thermal conductivity of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3, the snow and ice on the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 can be efficiently removed.

As the sheet heating element 2, a well-known one which is generally distributed can be used. It is preferable that the sheet heating element 1 has a self-temperature adjusting function so that the resistance value of the sheet heating element 1 itself increases at a predetermined threshold temperature (for example, 55 ° C.) or higher, and thereby the sheet heating element 2 does not heat up further. I hope you are doing it. If the sheet heating element 2 does not have a self-temperature control function or if the threshold temperature is too high, a sheet heating is provided when a thermostat or a temperature detection sensor is provided. The amount of electric power supplied to the body 2 may be reduced or the electric power may be cut off.

As an example of the sheet heating element 2, a Mareret sheet heating element manufactured by Tohno Institute of Physical and Chemical Research can be used.
This Malleer sheet heating element is made by melting and encapsulating a base material consisting of carbon particles such as graphite and a polymer between films, packaged with an electrode aluminum soaking plate and a protective film, and has a thickness of about 1 mm. , Is waterproofed. The Murray sheet heating element has a self-temperature adjusting function of preventing its overheat by increasing its own resistance value at a predetermined threshold temperature or higher. In addition, the Murray sheet heating element quickly raises the heat generation temperature at the start of the initial energization, and once the temperature rises, the power consumption is greatly reduced, and thereafter, it is kept constant by the lowest electricity inflow commensurate with the heat radiation loss. It has the characteristic of maintaining the temperature of, and it is economical because it can reduce the electricity consumption. In carrying out the present invention, it is appropriate to use a material having a threshold temperature of about 55 ° C. In the case of the Murray sheet heating element with a threshold temperature of about 55 ° C, the stable power consumption in that temperature range is about 60 W / (80 m / m x 1000 m / m), and the snow melting system can be operated with low power. Is possible.

As the heat insulator 1, for example, glass wool,
Polyurethane, a synthetic resin plate or a synthetic resin sheet, concrete, gypsum board, ALC plate, ceramic or the like can be used.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of another example of the snow melting plate according to the present invention. As shown in FIG.
The sheet heating element 2 is directly laminated on the heat insulator 1, the far-infrared radiation sheet 4 is directly laminated on the sheet heating element 2, and the far-infrared radiation sheet 3 with high thermal conductivity is further stacked on the far-infrared radiation sheet 4.
Are directly laminated. The heat insulating material 1, the sheet heating element 2 and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 are the snow melting plate 10 described above.
The description is omitted because it is the same as that in.

The far-infrared radiation sheet 4 receives the heat generated by the planar heating element 2 and radiates far-infrared rays, and the far infrared radiation radiates the heat of the planar heating element 2 into heat convection, heat reflection, or heat dissipation. Instead, it has the property of efficiently transmitting to the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3. Specifically, the far-infrared radiation sheet 4 is based on a thermoplastic resin such as a polyvinyl chloride sheet for waste agriculture such as a vinyl house. It is formed into a sheet by mixing with high metal oxides and carbides, stirring, heating and extruding. In this way, the far-infrared radiation sheet 4 uses a polyvinyl chloride sheet for waste agriculture, so that the waste can be reused,
It is also low cost.

Although the first method of the snow melting method according to the present invention is not particularly shown, the above-mentioned snow melting plates 10 and 11 are used for roof surfaces of buildings, outermost surfaces of roads, or other possibility of snow accumulation or freezing. Laying them on an outdoor exposed part, connecting the sheet heating element 2 to a power source, and supplying power to the sheet heating element 2 to generate heat.
The heat and the far-infrared radiation of the snow melting plates 10 and 11 synergize to melt snow and ice.

The second method of the snow melting method according to the present invention is not particularly shown, but the surface of the roof of the building, the outermost surface of the road, or other exposed portion where there is a possibility of snow or freezing is exposed. The heat generating element 2 is laid, the high heat conducting far infrared ray radiator 3 is laminated on the heat generating element 2, and electric power is supplied to the planar heat generating element 2 to generate heat, and the heat and the far infrared ray radiation of the high heat conducting far infrared ray radiator 3 are generated. It will melt snow and ice by synergistic effect with. In this case, the sheet heating element 2 may be placed after the heat insulating material 1 is laid, or the far-infrared radiation sheet 4 is placed on the sheet heating element 2.
The high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 may be laid thereon. According to such a snow melting method and a snow melting plate according to the present invention, unlike the conventional method of pumping groundwater and melting snow by sprinkling the groundwater, it is harmonized with the environment of the snowy region.

The experiments conducted by the present inventors will be described below to further clarify the characteristics of the present invention. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited by the following experiments.

(Experiment 1) The above-mentioned heat insulating material 1 and Mareille's planar heating element 2 manufactured by Tonokai Rikagaku Kenkyusho and having a threshold temperature of 55 ° C.
(A similar Malerian sheet heating element was also used in other experiments.) And a snow melting plate (see FIG. 1) in which the above-mentioned high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 in which urethane rubber and fly ash were mixed by 50% respectively was sequentially laminated. A temperature rising experiment was performed. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a high heat conduction far infrared radiator 3 having a substantially H-shape having a central part of a rectangle of 200 m / m × 250 m / m narrowed and a thickness of 22 m / m was used. The size of the central part is 135 m / m x 130 m / m (= 250 m / m-60 m / m x
It was 2). Also, as shown in FIG. 3, 95 m / m × 2
20m / m rectangular sheet heating element with a thickness of 1.5m / m 2
Was placed in the center of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3. Then, electric power (100 V) was supplied to the planar heating element 2, and the temperature of the surface of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 was measured every 10 minutes. The temperature measurement points are the center of the high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiator 3 (the position of "1" circled) and the four corners ("2", "3", "4" and "circle circled". 5 "position) (same for experiments 2 to 4). The results are shown in Table 1. At this time, the room temperature was 20.9 ° C. and the humidity was 39.9%.

[Table 1]

(Experiment 2) Snow melting in which the heat insulating material 1, the planar heating element 2, the far-infrared radiation sheet 4, and the high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiation body 3 in which urethane rubber and fly ash are mixed at 50% each are sequentially laminated. A temperature rising experiment was conducted using a plate (see FIG. 2). The shape, size, thickness, and other conditions of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 and the planar heating element 2 were the same as in Example 1 above. However, the room temperature at this time is 2
It was 0 ° C., and humidity was not measured. The room temperature at the time of 680 minutes after the start of the experiment was 19.5 ° C. Table 2 shows the results.

[Table 2]

(Experiment 3) Using a snow melting plate (see FIG. 1) in which the heat insulating material 1, the sheet heating element 2 and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 consisting only of fly ash are sequentially laminated,
A heating experiment was performed. As shown in Fig. 4, 105 m / m x
A high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 having a square shape of 105 m / m and a thickness of 9 m / m was used. Its high thermal conductivity far infrared radiator 3
As shown in FIG. 4, it was placed in the center of a planar heating element 2 having a rectangular shape of 95 m / m × 220 m / m and a thickness of 1.5 m / m. Then, electric power was supplied to the sheet heating element 2, and the temperature of the surface of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 was measured every 10 minutes.
The results are shown in Table 3. The room temperature at this time was 23.3 ° C,
Humidity was 37.2%.

[Table 3] When the surface temperature of the sheet heating element 2 was measured at about 2 minutes after the start of the experiment, it was about 44.3 ° C., and then at 60 minutes, 70 minutes, and 80 minutes, the sheet heating element 2 was heated. When the surface temperature of each was measured, it was about 44.3-44.8 degreeC in all cases.

(Experiment 4) A snow melting plate in which the heat insulating material 1, the planar heating element 2, the far-infrared radiation sheet 4, and the high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiation element 3 consisting only of fly ash are sequentially laminated (see FIG. 2). Was used to conduct a temperature rise experiment. The shape, size, thickness, and other conditions of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 and the planar heating element 2 were the same as those in Example 3 above. However, the room temperature at this time was 22.4 ° C, and the humidity was 34.6.
%Met. The results are shown in Table 4.

[Table 4] When the surface temperature of the sheet heating element 2 was measured about 2 minutes after the start of the experiment, it was about 41.5 ° C., and then at 70 minutes, 80 minutes, and 90 minutes, the sheet heating element 2 was heated. When the surface temperature of was measured, it was about 41.5-43.9 degreeC in all cases.

From the above Experiments 1 to 4, the far-infrared radiator 3 having a high thermal conductivity to the extent that the snow on the snow melting plate can be sufficiently melted.
It was found that there was no danger of fire and the like being heated.

(Experiment 5) Next, a freezing experiment of the snow melting plate according to the present invention was conducted. High thermal conductivity far infrared radiator used 3
Size is 250m / m × 190m / m, thickness is 10m / m
(Volume: 475 cc), and the PTC capacity of the planar heating element 2 was 12V × 126 ° C. (power supply: 100V). The temperature was measured at the center point of the surface of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3. However, when ice was placed on the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3, the temperature was measured at one point on the side surface of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3. Room temperature at the time of experiment is 18 ℃
Met.

First, the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 was left in the freezer compartment of the refrigerator. At this time, the temperature of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 was -6 ° C. The temperature of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 after 5 minutes was 1.5 ° C., the temperature after 7 minutes was 3 to 4 ° C., and any ice (size 25 mm × 2
5mm x 25mm) was also thawed. After that, the sheet heating element 2 was attached to the lower surface of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 (hereinafter, this state is referred to as a snow melting plate). When the temperature was measured after 5 minutes, the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 was obtained. The temperature of 15.
The temperature of the sheet heating element 2 was 35.6 ° C. In this state, when the plate surface was placed on the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3, the temperature of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 was 3.8 to 6.7 ° C., and the temperature of the sheet heating element 2 was high. Was 32.2 ° C. Five minutes later, when the temperature was measured again, the temperature of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 was 2.5 to 4.0 ° C, and the temperature of the sheet heating element 2 was 26.5 ° C. The sheet heating element 2 is energized with the ice on it, and the snow melting plate is frozen (room temperature:
-15 to -13.5 ° C). The temperature of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 after 20 minutes has passed-
The temperature of the sheet heating element 2 was 2.5 ° C and 11.0 ° C.
The temperature of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 after 30 minutes was −7.0 to −3.0 ° C., and the ice on the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 remained frozen. Subsequently, when the snow melting plate was taken out from the freezing room and left as it was for 4 minutes, the temperature of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 was 2.6 to 3.3 ° C., and the ice on the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 was It was melting. When the standing time is 6 minutes, the temperature of the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 is 4.0 to 6.0 ° C., and the temperature of the sheet heating element 2 is 22.0.
° C.

From Experiment 5, it was found that by applying the snow melting method according to the present invention, freezing of the road surface or the like can be prevented if the temperature in the cold region is up to about -5 ° C. It was also found that the frozen road surface can be thawed as the cold weather at midnight passes and the temperature rises in the morning. In addition, preferably, the thickness of the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 is made thicker than 10 m / m, and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator 3 is formed.
It is better to increase the amount of accumulated heat. Furthermore, it is preferable to increase the heat capacity efficiency of the sheet heating element 2. By doing so, even if the temperature is lower than -5 ° C, such as when the night is cold, it is possible to prevent the road surface from freezing.

(Experiment 6) Next, the snow melting plate used in Experiment 1 (see FIG. 1) was used to prepare the experimental apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5, and the experimental apparatus 100 was installed on the roof of the building to remove A, B, C, and D. The surface temperature at each measurement point was measured. The experimental device 100
Is a 40 cm x 50 cm snow melting plate unit 101 arranged in 7 rows and 5 columns, and a 18 cm x 50 cm snow melting plate unit 10 is arranged around it.
It is an array of two. Electric power (100 V) was supplied to the planar heating element 2 of the experimental apparatus 100, and the surface temperature at each measurement point was measured by the radiation thermometer, and the results shown in Table 5 were obtained. The test site was Muikamachi, Niigata Prefecture,
The test date was December 29, 1994, and the weather was snow. The amount of electricity consumed in this experiment is 362.5 kW
Met.

[Table 5] It was possible to demonstrate that the snow falling in the experimental apparatus 100 melted and the snow melting plate according to the present invention could actually exhibit a sufficient snow melting function.

(Experiment 7) Next, the experimental road is shown in FIGS.
And the snow melting effect of the planar heating element 2 was confirmed. In the experimental road, concrete 201 is laid on the roadbed 200, the sheet heating element 2 is laid on the concrete 201, cement mortar 202 is laid on it, and the cement mortar 2
Road R1 with Asphalt 203 on 02 (Fig. 7
), Hit concrete 201 on the roadbed 200,
On top of that, the sheet heating element 2, and on top of that cement mortar 20
The far-infrared radiation sheet 4 was laid on the road R2 hit by No. 2 (see FIG. 7) and the planar heating element 2 of the road R2, and the road R3 hit by cement mortar 202 was formed on the far-infrared radiation sheet 4.
Then, measurement points A and B are provided on the road R1, measurement points C and D are provided on the road R2, and measurement points E and F are provided on the road R3.
Electric power (100 V) was supplied to the sheet heating element 2 on each of the roads R1, R2, and R3, and the surface temperature at each measurement point was measured by a radiation thermometer, and the results shown in Table 6 were obtained. The experimental location, the experimental date and time, and the weather are the same as in Experiment 6. Also, the amount of electricity consumed in this experiment is
1 was 64.8 kW and roads R2 and R3 were 67.4 kW.

[Table 6] The snow that fell on this experimental road melted including the snow on the boundary B between the cement mortar 202 and the asphalt 203, and it was verified that the planar heating element 2 according to the present invention can actually exhibit a sufficient snow melting function. We were able to.

Based on the above experiments, the present inventor calculated that the snow melting method according to the present invention consumes 20% of electric power as compared with the conventional snow melting method using a heating wire (freezing prevention method). It can be reduced by ~ 30%.

The snow-melting plate 10 may have the heat insulating material 1, the sheet heating element 2 and the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator 3 integrated with each other, or may be separable. In addition, the snow melting plate 11, the heat insulating material 1, the planar heating element 2, the far infrared radiation sheet 4, and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiation element 3 may be integrated, or may be separable.

[0046]

According to the invention described in claim 1, the heat generated by the planar heating element is efficiently transmitted to the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator, and the wavelength of the ice molecule at 0 ° C. from the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator. Since far infrared rays in the wavelength range including 10.6 μm are emitted, the snow and ice molecules are excited, and the thermal energy released from the snow and ice molecules when returning from the excited state to the ground state The ice melts. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently remove snow and ice with low power consumption. It is also possible to prevent the road surface and the like from freezing.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat generated by the sheet heating element is efficiently absorbed by the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator without convection, reflection or dissipation, and far from the far infrared radiation sheet. Since infrared rays are emitted, snow and ice can be melted more efficiently.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the heat generated by the planar heating element is efficiently transmitted upward without being convected, reflected or dissipated, and is absorbed by the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator. Since far infrared rays are emitted, snow and ice can be melted more efficiently.

According to the invention of claim 4, 5 or 6, the high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator is a ceramic composition made of fly ash produced in a thermal power plant, and at least one of a metal oxide and a carbide is contained in the fly ash. Since it is made of a ceramic composition material mixed with seeds or a composition material in which fly ash is mixed with a synthetic resin composed of a thermoplastic resin such as urethane, acrylic, vinyl chloride, or polyethylene, far infrared rays emitted from these composition materials Wavelength range is 3
Since it is ˜25 μm and includes 10.6 μm, which is the wavelength of ice molecules at 0 ° C., snow and ice can be melted. Further, since fly ash is an industrial waste, it is useful for effective use of resources.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since the sheet heating element does not overheat due to the self-temperature adjusting function of the sheet heating element, the occurrence of fire is prevented.

According to the invention described in claim 8 or 9,
Snow on important points of outdoor facilities such as roads, roofs and porch,
It is possible to efficiently prevent snow accumulation and freezing of a key part of transportation such as a railroad, and freezing of a road surface with low power consumption.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a snow melting plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the snow melting plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a snow melting plate of Experiments 1 and 2 of the snow melting plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a snow melting plate of Experiments 3 and 4 of the snow melting plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of an experiment device of Experiment 6 for a snow melting plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of an experimental road of Experiment 7 of the planar heating element according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of main parts of an experimental road of Experiment 7 of the planar heating element according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat insulating material 2 Planar heating element 3 High thermal conduction far-infrared radiator 4 Far-infrared radiation sheet 10 11 Snow-melting board 100 Experimental equipment 101 102 Snow-melting board unit 200 Roadbed 201 Concrete 202 Cement mortar 203 Asphalt

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A sheet heating element having high thermal conductivity,
A snow melting plate characterized by stacking high thermal conductive far infrared radiators capable of radiating far infrared rays in a wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm. 2. A far infrared ray can be radiated between the planar heating element and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator, and the far infrared radiation radiates the heat generated by the planar heating element by convection, reflection or radiation. The snow melting plate according to claim 1, wherein a far-infrared radiation sheet that can be transmitted to the high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiation body is interposed without being performed. 3. The snow melting plate according to claim 1, further comprising a heat insulator provided below the planar heating element. 4. The high thermal conductive far-infrared radiator is made of a ceramic composition material made of fly ash generated in a thermal power plant, or a ceramic composition material made by mixing fly ash with at least one kind of metal oxide and carbide. The snowmelt board according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein 5. The far-infrared radiator having high thermal conductivity is made of a synthetic resin mixed with fly ash produced in a thermal power plant.
The snow melting plate described. 6. The snowmelt board according to claim 5, wherein the synthetic resin is a thermoplastic resin such as urethane, acrylic, vinyl chloride, or polyethylene. 7. The sheet heating element has a self-temperature adjusting function capable of preventing further temperature rise by increasing the resistance value of the sheet heating element above a predetermined temperature. The snow melting plate according to 3, 4, 5 or 6. 8. A sheet heating element is laid on a roof surface of a building, an outermost surface of a road, or other exposed portion where there is a possibility of snow or freezing, and high thermal conductivity is provided on the sheet heating element. By stacking high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiators that have and can emit far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 3 to 25 μm, and connect the planar heating element to a power source to supply power to the planar heating element. How to melt snow that melts snow. 9. A far infrared ray can be radiated between the planar heating element and the high thermal conductive far infrared radiator, and the far infrared radiation radiates the heat generated by the planar heating element by convection, reflection or dissipation. 9. The snow melting method according to claim 8, wherein a far-infrared radiation sheet that can be transmitted to the high-heat-conducting far-infrared radiation body is interposed without being performed.