JPH08184004A - Member for heating ground surface layer and underground buried structure thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent frost heaving by unifying a netlike body made of a far infrared radioactive metal and the external heat source of the netlike body. CONSTITUTION: A netlike body 2 is formed of a far infrared radioactive metal, in which anodizing oxidation films are formed on the surfaces of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, etc. An external heat source 3 such as a heating cable is placed zigzag on the surface of the netlike body 2 while being unified by clamps consisting of holders 4 and fixing pins 5, thus forming a member 1 for heating a ground surface layer. The member 1 for heating the ground surface layer is buried into a base course bearing a surface course constituting the ground surface layer. The netlike body 2 receives radiant heat from the member 1 for heating the ground surface layer and radiates far infrared rays, and heats not only the inside and outside of the ground surface layer but also a bed in a deep section, thus displaying a frost heaving preventive effect.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground surface layer heating member comprising a far-infrared radiation metal net and an external heating source, and a ground surface layer in which the ground surface layer heating member is embedded in the ground surface layer. The present invention relates to a buried structure and a ground buried structure in which, in addition to the ground surface layer heating member, a far-infrared emitting metal net is buried in parallel in the ground therebelow.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Snow removal work in a deep snow area is labor intensive, and freezing of the ground surface poses a traffic risk. Conventionally, a snow melting agent is used or a heat source such as an electric heating cable is buried in the ground. Has been proposed and partially implemented. However, because the snow melting agent is washed away, there is the inconvenience of having to use a new snow melting agent each time it snows.When embedding a heat source pipe such as an electric heating cable, the effect of preventing snow melting or freezing is limited to the buried part. However, there was a problem with the low efficiency that it must be buried in the ground with a considerable laying density. In addition, the effect of the above-mentioned conventional method is the snow melting of the surface of the surface layer, the emphasis is placed on the melting of ice, the surface layer, or the frost heave phenomenon that occurs in the deeper underground, that is, the water in the ground is frozen, the expansion, It has hardly been shown to prevent the phenomenon of breaking the ground tightening structure and roughening or weakening the ground surface. Therefore,
In order to prevent this frost rise using electric heating cables, it has been complicated to bury them in multiple layers down to the deep ground and manage the heat source in all layers.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the object of the present invention is to enable melting of snow and thawing of the outer surface of the surface layer, and to prevent frost heaving that occurs in the surface layer and deeper in the ground. To obtain a temperature member and its underground buried structure.
More specifically, the laying density of the external heating source is made as low as possible in comparison with the conventional one, and a ground surface layer heating member which can be laid over a wide range by relatively simple construction is obtained and used. The challenge is to realize an underground structure.

[0004]

As a result of earnest research to solve this problem, the inventor of the present invention has replaced the conventional method of attaching an insulating heating wire to a predetermined fixed frame and burying it under the ground surface instead of the far infrared ray. If it is buried in the ground by utilizing the characteristics of the radioactive metal net, it can be buried in a wide area with simple work, and it is effective for melting snow and thawing the ground surface, of course, which has never been considered before. The present invention has been completed by finding that it is also extremely effective in preventing frost heave in the ground.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows. (First) A member for heating the ground surface layer, which is formed by integrating a far-infrared emitting metal net and its external heating source. (2) The ground surface layer heating member as described in 1 above, wherein the external heating source is an electric heating cable. (Third) The ground surface layer heating member according to the first aspect, wherein the external heating source is a hot water pipe. (Fourth) The far-infrared emitting metal net-like body has a structure in which far-infrared emitting metal net-like parts and narrow plate-like parts are alternately formed, and the narrow plate-like parts have U-shaped grooves. The member for heating the ground surface layer according to the first aspect, wherein the heating member is formed and an external heating source is integrally mounted in the U-shaped groove. (Fifth) An underground burial structure of the above-mentioned member, wherein the member for heating the ground surface layer according to any one of the first to fourth is buried in the ground surface layer. (Sixth) The ground surface layer heating member according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments is embedded in the ground surface layer, and the far infrared ray according to the first or fourth embodiment is below the ground. The member in which a net made of radioactive metal is buried, and a structure in which the net is buried in the ground.

The contents of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 are partially cutaway views of various aspects of a ground surface layer heating member in which a far-infrared radiation metal mesh body according to the present invention and an external heating source thereof are integrated. is there. This will be specifically described below.

FIG. 1 shows that an external heating source 3 is placed in a meandering shape on the surface of a long far-infrared emitting metal net 2 and is held at a desired position by a stopper consisting of a presser 4 and a fixing pin 5. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state where the ground surface layer heating member 1 is integrally formed, FIG. 2 is a partial cutaway view of the AA line cut end view of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a partially notched perspective view which expanded a part of heating member 1 further.

As the external heating source 3, in addition to a coated insulated heating wire that uses electricity, a hot water pipe made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber that uses hot water is suitable. Here, since the coated insulated heating wire and the hot water pipe are used by being buried in the soil, naturally weather resistance, corrosion resistance, environmental stress resistance and the like are required. Examples of the coating material or tube material that can be used for these include crosslinked polyethylene, polybutene, mica and the like. As the external heating source used in the present invention, known electric heating cables, planar electric heating elements, hot water radiating tubes, etc., which have been used as the ground surface layer heating heat source described in the above related art of the present invention, may be used. It can be used as it is.

As far-infrared radiation metal net body 2,
It is possible to use a mesh body with a predetermined width created by weaving a far infrared radiation metal linear body, but in the width direction a far infrared radiation metal plate-like body in a zigzag pattern in the width direction, and a notch penetrating therethrough. A so-called expansion metal net, which is formed by inserting the plate-shaped body and extending the plate-shaped body in the lengthwise direction, can be preferably used. The predetermined width is not particularly limited, but a large number of the long net-like bodies are laid on the ground surface, laid in parallel, one by one, or a plurality of adjacent external heat sources. In order to prepare the most typical ground surface layer heating member, which is placed and fixed in a meandering shape, a width with good workability is sufficient, 50 to 500 cm is preferable, and 100 to 200 or so is preferable. Particularly preferred.

For the far-infrared emitting metal net according to the present invention, a far-infrared emitting metallic material, which has recently been used in heating systems and heat-retaining systems and is attracting attention, can be preferably used. The material is not particularly limited, but is conventionally known, for example, a specific metal material, a material obtained by spraying ceramics on the surface of the metal base material, aluminum or an aluminum alloy having an anodized film on the surface of the same base material. Etc. can be used. Among them, the alloys described in JP-A-4-110493 and the aluminum alloys having an anodic oxide coating on the surface are particularly preferable from the viewpoints of workability, heat resistance, far infrared radiation characteristics, durability and lightness. It is suitable. In addition, various ceramic materials such as alumina, graphite and zirconia can be used.

The aluminum alloy described in JP-A-4-110493 contains Mn in the range of 0.3 to 4.3% by weight.
The balance is an alloy composed of Al and unavoidable impurities. As the impurity element, Fe: less than 0.5% by weight, Si:
Less than 0.5% by weight, Cr: less than 0.3% by weight, Zr: less than 0.3% by weight, V: less than 0.3% by weight, Ni: less than 1% by weight,
Cu: less than 1% by weight, Zn: less than 1% by weight, Ti: 0.2
It may contain one or more of less than wt%, Bi: less than 0.05 wt%, Be: less than 0.05 wt%.

The surface-treated article of the aluminum alloy having the above composition which can be used as the far-infrared emitting metallic material according to the present invention is produced by casting the alloy or after hot working as required. Alternatively, during or after cold working performed as necessary, heat treatment is performed at 300 to 600 ° C. to disperse and deposit particles of an intermetallic compound having a composition of Al and Mn as a base material, and the surface thereof is formed. Film thickness 3μ
It is preferable to form a black anodic oxide film having a thickness of m or more.

By the way, infrared rays are electromagnetic waves like visible rays and microwaves, and are classified into three types of near infrared rays, mid infrared rays, and far infrared rays depending on the wavelength.
Indicates a region of up to 1,000 μm. This far-infrared ray is absorbed by the object to be heated through the space, excites molecular vibrations, lattice vibrations, etc., and immediately becomes heat, which causes the temperature of the object to be heated to rise. In particular, when used for heating or drying resins, rubbers, fibers, foods, etc., many have absorption wavelengths in the wavelength region of 3 to 30 μm, and radiators with high emissivity in this wavelength region are used for heating and drying. It is effective in increasing the drying efficiency. Such a far-infrared radiation material emits far-infrared rays with a high emissivity when it receives heat, which causes a temperature rise of the object to be radiated. In the present invention, the far-infrared radiation metal plate which is the far-infrared radiation material is used, and an external heating source that applies heat to the mesh formed by the expansion method or the like to radiate far-infrared rays is used integrally. .

In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the far-infrared emitting metal net 2 and the external heating source 3 are integrated so that both ends of the net-like pressing member 4 and the fixing pin 5 have an inverted U-shape. However, the form of integration according to the present invention is not limited by the shape and fixing method of the fixture. The integration referred to in the present invention is intended to transfer the heat from the external heating source to the far-infrared emitting metal net-like body as efficiently as possible. It is preferable that they are in close contact. In addition, it is not preferable that a large amount of radiant heat from the external heating source is radiated to the side opposite to the mesh body in terms of the heating effect of the mesh body.

The far-infrared emitting metal net and the external heating source may be integrated in advance, but if the external heating source is in a meandering shape or other state,
It is rather inconvenient in terms of storage, transportation, and work, and integrated construction on site is usually preferable. That is, first, one or a plurality of the net-like bodies are laid side by side on the ground surface to be buried, and an external heating source is placed on the ground surface in a meandering manner, for example, and fixed with the fixture at a desired place. Is the way to go.
For fixing with the fixing pin, screwing, welding, engagement or the like can be appropriately adopted.

FIG. 4 shows a retainer 4 of the fixture shown in FIG.
It is a partially cutaway perspective view of the ground surface layer heating member 1b in the case of using a long presser 4a instead. Since the external heating source 3 is covered over a long length by using the long pressing member, the far infrared radiation metal net-like body can be efficiently heated by the conduction heat and the radiant heat from the external heating source. The use of this long pressing tool depends on the shape of the external heating source, and can be preferably used if there are many linear portions. If the number of linear portions is small, it is convenient to use the short pressing tool shown in FIG. The fixing pin is not particularly limited, and the one described in FIG. 3 can be used as it is.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show another embodiment of the ground surface layer heating member, in which the far-infrared emitting metal net-like body 2b and the far-infrared emitting metal net-like portion 2a are narrow. A ground surface having a structure in which plate-shaped portions 6 are alternately formed, the narrow plate-shaped portions 6 form a U-shaped groove, and the external heating source 3 is integrally mounted in the U-shaped groove. Layer heating member 1c
6 is a partially cutaway plan view and a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5, respectively. In this embodiment, U made of a plate-shaped body
Since the external heating source is dropped into the groove, the contact with the inner surface of the U-shaped groove is very good due to the weight of the external heating source or the load of the backfill soil, and the conduction heat and radiant heat from the external heating source Efficiently heat the U-shaped plate and the subsequent mesh.

FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the ground surface layer heating member. A lid-like pressing member 4b is placed in the U-shaped groove in FIG. 6 and fixed by a fixing pin 5. The surface layer heating member 1d in the case of using a fixture is shown. In FIG. 6, the external heating source 3 is not sufficiently fit in the U-shaped groove, or even if it is, it is a suitable method when it is desired to reduce heat radiation to other than the far-infrared radiation metal mesh 1d as much as possible. Yes, as described above, if it is not fully contained in the U-shaped groove, it has the effect of pushing it into the U-shaped groove, and conversely, if it is sufficiently contained, it exerts the effect of efficiently giving heat to the reticulated body. To do.

8 and 9 show an inverted U-shaped groove-shaped retainer 4c which does not use a fixing pin in place of the retainer shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and has elasticity at both ends. In addition, an opening-friendly engaging portion 4c ₁ is provided, and the engaging portion is connected to the mesh body 2
FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view and a sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. Fixing with this fixing tool is a simple means when performing on-site construction in a buried site, and can be preferably used.
The material of such a fixture is not limited to organic polymer materials, metal materials, etc.
Stainless steel, cross-linked polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyester and the like can be preferably used from the viewpoints of rigidity, corrosion resistance and other properties.

Although the ground surface layer heating members of various aspects according to the present invention have been described above, these ground surface layer heating members are embedded in the ground surface layer and input to an external heating source. By doing so, it is possible to heat not only the inside and outside of the ground surface layer of the portion where the external heating source is embedded, but also the inside and outside of the ground surface layer around it. In addition to the above-mentioned ground surface layer heating member, one or a plurality of far infrared ray emitting metal nets, which are the constituent materials of the member, are buried in parallel in the ground thereunder at a desired distance. As a result, the far-infrared radiative metal net-like body receives radiant heat from the above-mentioned ground surface layer heating member and radiates far infrared rays, which can heat not only the inside and outside of the ground surface layer but also the deeper part It can also exert anti-freezing effect.
Next, this underground buried structure according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are partially cutaway views of the buried partial cross section showing the underground buried structure of the ground surface layer heating member and the like according to the present invention. In FIG. 10, a lower layer roadbed L14 is provided on a roadbed (ground layer) L15, and an upper layer roadbed (insulating layer) L13 is provided thereon. A surface layer (outermost surface layer) L11 that constitutes a ground surface layer and a base layer (ground surface support layer) L12 that supports the surface layer are laminated on the upper layer roadbed L13. In the base layer L12 of the ground surface layer, the ground surface layer heating member according to the present invention, which is the member 1e illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, is embedded in the entire surface. Surface layer heating member 1
When electricity is applied to the external heating source of e or hot water is passed, the radiant heat mainly heats the surrounding far-infrared radiation metal mesh body,
It is possible to promote the emission of far infrared rays from the mesh body, and finally to heat the surface layer L11 to prevent snowfall or freezing. In the case of the buried structure illustrated in FIG. 10, the upper layer roadbed L1
When 3 is insulated with a material having a small heat conductivity and a high heat insulating property (obsidian perlite, shirasu balloon, etc.), the influence of the cold air from the outside does not reach the lower roadbed L14. When the temperature drops below 0 ° C in cold regions, the water in the soil near the ground surface freezes and small ice crystals form. Moisture and groundwater in the soil are attracted to the ice crystals by the capillary force, and the ice crystals increase to form an ice layer. As a result, the expansion of the volume raises the road surface. This phenomenon is called freezing. When frost heaves in the spring, when the ice melts, the ground is in a supersaturated state with a high water content, which causes a sharp decrease in bearing capacity and destroys road pavement.

FIG. 11 shows a buried structure capable of preventing frost heave in the case where the upper layer roadbed (insulating layer) in FIG. 10 is not provided, and the roadbed L is on the upper layer of the roadbed (ground layer) L25.
24, and a base layer L22 and a surface layer L21 are formed on the upper surface thereof. The ground surface layer heating member 1 is embedded in the base layer L22, and the far infrared radiation metallic mesh 2 is embedded in parallel in the roadbed L24 below the ground layer heating member 1. This ground surface layer heating member 1 and far infrared radiation metal net 2
Are the same as those shown in FIGS. The positions of the member 1 in the base layer L22 and the mesh body 2 in the roadbed L24 are not specified, and in addition to the thicknesses of the surface layer L12, the base layer L22, and the roadbed L24, the underground buried structure according to the present invention is applied. It is decided as appropriate in consideration of the climatic characteristics of the region. In the case of the buried structure shown in FIG. 11, there is no upper layer roadbed (insulating layer) as shown in FIG. 10, but the far infrared radiation metallic net-like body 2 buried below is radiated by heat released from the ground surface layer heating member 1. Is heated, and the far infrared rays radiate the heat to further deeply below the roadbed L24. In this case, depending on the type of phenomenon based on the cold climate such as snowfall, freezing, and frost heave, if a plurality of the above net-like bodies are buried at appropriate intervals, not only snow melting and thawing but also the nets below will be sequentially performed. By radiating far infrared rays, it is possible to prevent icing up to a considerably deep part of the roadbed L24. It is an object of the present invention to mix an inorganic powder or granular material such as fly ash in the roadbed L24 in order to improve the thermal conductivity between the ground surface layer heating member and the mesh body, or between the mesh bodies. It is effective in achieving it.

Next, examples will be described.

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) The structure is substantially the same as that shown in FIG.
On the clay layer roadbed L15, a lower layer roadbed L14 having a thickness of 40 cm and made of gravel and sand layers, a crushed stone mixed with pearlite for improving heat insulation, an upper layer roadbed L13 having a thickness of 20 cm, and FIG. , A far-infrared emitting metal mesh 2 shown in FIG. 9, a cross-linked polyethylene hot water pipe having an outer diameter of 17 mm is placed in a meandering manner so as to keep a distance of 20 cm, and the fixture shown in FIG. Base layer L12 and thickness 6c in which the surface layer heating member 1e fixed by the fixing method is positioned on the bottom surface side of the base layer made of an asphalt mixture layer having a thickness of 6 cm.
The outermost surface layer L11 composed of m asphalt mixture was formed. As the far-infrared emitting metal net-like alloy, Super Aluminum made by Sky Aluminum Co., Ltd. was used. Hot water at 60 ° C. was passed through the hot water pipe at a flow rate of 10 cm / sec. While thinly pouring water on the surface of the asphalt surface, the outside air temperature was lowered at a rate of 5 ° C to -2 ° C / hour, and ice was once formed on the surface, but after about 2.5 hours, the ice melted. After 3 hours, it all melted and no freezing was observed after that. No freezing phenomenon was observed at all.

(Comparative Example 1) The asphalt surface was observed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the far-infrared emitting metal mesh was not used and the hot water pipe was directly arranged. As a result, ice was once generated on the surface of the surface layer L11, and after about 4 hours, the ice was partially melted in stripes, but it took about 8 hours to completely melt the ice.

(Embodiment 2) The structure is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 11, and 50 cm thick gravel, sand layer roadbed L24, concrete layer 10 cm base layer L22 and clay layer roadbed L25 are provided. In forming the surface layer L21 consisting of a finishing layer of concrete with a reinforcing bar having a thickness of 10 cm, the far-infrared radiation metal net 2 shown in FIG. 1 is singly provided at a depth of 10 cm on the surface side of the roadbed. Buried. on the other hand,
Inside the base layer close to the surface layer, there is the ground surface layer heating member 1 having the structure shown in FIG.
Heat-resistant vinyl chloride-coated insulated heating wire with an outer diameter of 8.5 mm was placed in a meandering shape on the top of the table, keeping a distance of 12 cm.
The fixing tool shown in FIG. 3 was made of the same material as the mesh body, and the ground surface layer heating member fixed at an appropriate position was embedded. As the far-infrared emitting metal net-like alloy used, Super Ray manufactured by Sky Aluminum Co., Ltd. was used. 250 watt / m ² copper for heating wire
Nickel alloy wire is used, 200 volt, 12.
A current of 6 amps was applied. When water was flowed over the surface of the concrete surface layer and the outside air temperature was reduced at a rate of 5 ° C to -2 ° C / hour, ice was once formed on the surface, but after about 4 hours, the ice melted. No freezing was observed after that. Moreover, the displacement of the concrete layer due to the frost heave phenomenon was not observed at all.

(Comparative Example 2) The experiment was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the far-infrared emitting metal net 2 embedded alone in Example 2 was not used. It began to be seen after 6 hours, but it did not completely melt after 12 hours.

(Comparative Example 3) [0028] When the ground surface layer heating member 1 and the far-infrared emitting metal net 2 in Example 2 were not used, the same conditions as in Example 2 were observed and observed. Freezing was observed on the ground surface after 3 hours, and no subsequent thaw. In addition, the freezing phenomenon was observed after 12 hours.

[0028]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By combining and integrating the far-infrared radiation metal net according to the present invention and an external heating source, the conventional external heating source alone can uniformly and rapidly heat the ground surface layer over a wide range. It became possible to heat when it was difficult. In addition to the integrated surface layer heating member,
Furthermore, by using a far-infrared radioactive metal net together, it becomes possible to heat deeply into the ground only by external heating of the ground surface layer, it is possible to prevent the frost heave phenomenon due to cold, and there is a traffic problem. Although it was found that the problem could be solved, it was expected that damage to the golf course, orchard, field, etc. due to the frost heave phenomenon and other problems could also be solved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a ground surface layer heating member.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the ground surface layer heating member of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of another member for heating the ground surface layer.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway plan view of the ground surface layer heating member.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway end view of still another ground surface layer heating member.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view of still another surface layer heating member.

9 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view of a structure for burying a ground surface layer heating member in the ground.

FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view of a ground surface layer heating member and a far-infrared radiation metal net-like structure buried underground.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Ground surface layer heating member 1b ... Ground surface layer heating member 1c ... Ground surface layer heating member 1d ... Ground surface layer heating member 1e ··· Ground surface layer heating member 2 · Far infrared emitting metal net 2a · · Far infrared emitting metal net 2b · · Far infrared emitting metal net Body 2p ... Reticulate body 3 ... External heating source 4 ... Presser 4a ... Presser 4b ... Presser 4c ... Presser 4c ₁・ ・ ・ Engagement part of the presser 5 ・ ・ ・ Fixing pin 6 ・ ・ ・ Narrow plate part made of far-infrared radiation metal L11 ・ ・ ・ Surface layer L12 ・ ・ ・ Base layer L13 ・ ・ ・ Upper roadbed L14 ... Lower roadbed L15 ... Roadbed L21 ... Surface layer L22 ... Base layer L24 ... Roadbed L25 ... Roadbed

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A ground surface layer heating member comprising a far-infrared emitting metal net and an external heat source integrated therewith. 2. The external heating source is an electric heating cable.
The surface layer heating member described. 3. The ground surface layer heating member according to claim 1, wherein the external heating source is a hot water pipe. 4. A far-infrared radiation metal net-like body has a structure in which far-infrared radiation metal net-like parts and narrow plate-like parts are alternately formed, and the narrow plate-like parts are U-shaped grooves. The member for heating the ground surface layer according to claim 1, wherein the external heating source is integrally mounted in the U-shaped groove. 5. A structure for burying the ground surface layer heating member according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in which the member is buried in the ground surface layer. 6. The ground surface layer heating member according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is embedded in the ground surface layer, and the ground according to claim 1 or 4 is buried in the ground below. The above-mentioned member in which a net-like body made of infrared radiation metal is buried, and a structure in which the net-like body is buried underground.