JPH078936A - Method and apparatus for carbonizing organic waste - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for carbonizing organic wasteInfo
- Publication number
- JPH078936A JPH078936A JP8810294A JP8810294A JPH078936A JP H078936 A JPH078936 A JP H078936A JP 8810294 A JP8810294 A JP 8810294A JP 8810294 A JP8810294 A JP 8810294A JP H078936 A JPH078936 A JP H078936A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- organic waste
- drying
- carbonizing
- dry
- water content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Coke Industry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、家畜糞尿や食品滓とい
った有機廃棄物を無公害処理化するとともに、利用価値
のある炭化物に生成する有機廃棄物を炭化する方法及び
装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating organic waste such as livestock manure and food dregs with no pollution and for carbonizing the organic waste produced into useful carbon.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術とその課題】家畜糞尿や食品滓といった有
機廃棄物は６５〜７０％以上の水分を含み、且つ、有機
質を多量に含んでいるから、非常に腐敗し易く、しか
も、その過程で有害物質や悪臭を放つ。従って、その処
理には大変気をつかう。例えば、家畜糞尿の場合、従
来、大半は醗酵処理していたが、これをするには、大き
なスペースの醗酵槽を必要とするとともに、醗酵までに
長期間を要し。しかも、その過程で悪臭を放ったりす
る。2. Description of the Related Art Organic wastes such as livestock manure and food waste contain water of 65 to 70% or more and a large amount of organic matter, and therefore, they are easily decomposed, and in the process. Emits harmful substances and odors. Therefore, we are very careful in its processing. For example, in the case of livestock excrement, most of the fermentation processes used to be carried out in the past, but this requires a fermentation tank with a large space and a long fermentation period. Moreover, it gives off a foul odor in the process.
【０００３】但し、醗酵処理されたものは肥料等として
利用できるが、消費量に対して供給量が多過ぎ、市場性
が低い。又、未完熟なものが多く、悪臭やかびを発生し
たりする。この他、稀に乾燥処理だけで済まされること
もあるが、水分含量が多いことから、乾燥にコストがか
かりすぎ、又、乾燥不十分で悪臭やかびを発生させるこ
とがある。However, the fermented product can be used as a fertilizer, etc., but its supply amount is too large with respect to the consumption amount, and its marketability is low. In addition, many of them are unripe, which may cause offensive odor or mold. In addition, although it may be rarely necessary to perform only the drying treatment, since the water content is high, it takes too much time to dry, and insufficient drying may cause a bad odor or mold.
【０００４】一方、豆腐滓、ビール滓、コーヒー滓、野
菜屑、汚泥といった食品滓の処理も大変厄介である。多
くは焼却、埋立てといった廃棄処理をしているが、焼却
するにも、これらは更に水分含量が多いことから（約８
０％以上）、コストがかかるとともに、悪臭を発生させ
る。又、埋立てするにも、現在はその場所が飽和状態で
あり、埋立て場所での悪臭やハエの問題もある。尚、一
部はそのままで家畜の飼料等に利用されているが、これ
が可能になるのは地域的、期間的に限られ、利用範囲は
狭い。On the other hand, the processing of food waste such as tofu dregs, beer dregs, coffee dregs, vegetable scraps and sludge is also very troublesome. Most of them are disposed of such as incineration and landfill, but even when they are incinerated, they have a higher water content (about 8%).
0% or more), costs are required, and a foul odor is generated. Further, even when it is landfilled, the place is currently saturated, and there are problems of foul odor and flies at the landfill site. A part of it is used as it is for animal feed, etc., but this is possible only locally and for a limited period of time, and its range of use is narrow.
【０００５】このため、乾燥処理して保存がきく飼料や
肥料等にする方法が試みられているが、コストがかかり
すぎる割には市場性が低いこと、乾燥過程で悪臭を発生
すること等は前記した家畜糞尿の場合と同じである。本
発明は、このような課題を解決するものであって、有機
廃棄物を密封状態で乾燥、乾留することで、無公害処理
できるとともに、併せてその乾燥物や炭化物を飼料や肥
料以外の幅広い用途に利用できるようにしたものであ
り、言わば、有機廃物の処理に一石二鳥の効果を狙った
ものである。For this reason, there have been attempts to dry-treat feeds and fertilizers that can be preserved. However, they are too costly to have low marketability and produce a bad odor during the drying process. This is the same as the case of livestock excrement described above. The present invention is to solve such a problem, and by drying and dry-distilling organic waste in a sealed state, pollution-free treatment can be performed, and at the same time, the dry matter and charcoal can be used in a wide range other than feed and fertilizer. It is intended to be used for various purposes, so to speak, it aims at the effect of two birds with one stone in the treatment of organic waste.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】以上の課題の下、本発明
は、有機廃棄物を密封した状態で乾燥した後に乾留して
炭化物にすることを特徴とする有機廃棄物を炭化する方
法を提供する。ここでの有機廃棄物とは、家畜糞尿や豆
腐滓、ビール滓、ジュース滓、コーヒー滓、茶滓、野菜
屑及び汚泥といった各種の食品滓を対象とする。Under the above problems, the present invention provides a method for carbonizing organic waste, which comprises drying the organic waste in a sealed state and then carbonizing the organic waste to carbonize. To do. Organic waste here refers to various types of food waste such as livestock manure, tofu dregs, beer dregs, juice dregs, coffee dregs, tea dregs, vegetable scraps and sludge.
【０００７】本発明において、有機廃棄物に施す最初の
不可欠の処理はこれを乾燥することである。これら有機
廃棄物には６５〜９０％の水分が含まれており、このよ
うなものをいきなり乾留したのでは効率が悪いからであ
る。乾留に適する水分含量は約１５％以下であることか
ら、この水分含量になるまで乾燥する。尚、乾燥は、悪
臭を発生させないためと、効率を考慮して密閉された状
態で行う。In the present invention, the first essential treatment applied to organic waste is to dry it. This is because these organic wastes have a water content of 65 to 90%, and if such a waste is suddenly subjected to dry distillation, the efficiency is low. Since the water content suitable for dry distillation is about 15% or less, drying is performed until this water content is reached. Drying is performed in a sealed state in order to prevent generation of a bad odor and in consideration of efficiency.
【０００８】しかし、生の有機廃棄物を直に乾燥したの
では、これも効率が悪いから、水分含量が４０％程度に
なるまで予備乾燥するのが好ましい。この予備乾燥に
は、従来行われていた醗酵処理（一応の醗酵が終了した
ものは４０％程度の水分含量になっている）や天日乾燥
がある。尚、この予備乾燥には、おが屑や米糠等の乾材
を添加して水分含量を減らすことも含む。However, if the raw organic waste is directly dried, this is also inefficient, so it is preferable to carry out preliminary drying until the water content reaches about 40%. The pre-drying includes a fermentation process which has been conventionally performed (a water content of about 40% is obtained in the case of a tentative fermentation) and sun drying. The pre-drying also includes adding a dry material such as sawdust or rice bran to reduce the water content.
【０００９】乾燥する場合、その粒度が均一化されてい
ることが良好な乾燥につながる。従って、被乾燥物が大
形であれば、これを粉砕することになる（但し、ロータ
リ式の乾燥装置では、被乾燥物が回転しているドラム内
で送られる過程で粉砕されるのが通常である）。しか
し、乾燥をより効率的に行い、且つ、乾留してできた炭
化物（製品）の取扱性等を考慮すると、一定の粒度に造
粒するのが適する。尚、この造粒には、被造粒物を混練
して押し出す直径４〜８ｍｍ程度の粒径のペレット造粒
が最適である。When drying, the uniform particle size leads to good drying. Therefore, if the material to be dried is large, it will be crushed (however, in a rotary type drying device, it is usually crushed during the process in which the material to be dried is sent in the rotating drum). Is). However, in consideration of handling efficiency of the carbide (product) formed by dry distillation and performing the drying more efficiently, it is suitable to granulate to a certain particle size. For this granulation, pellet granulation having a particle diameter of about 4 to 8 mm and kneading and extruding an object to be granulated is optimal.
【００１０】乾燥した後は乾留する。乾留とは、被乾留
物を空気を遮断して加熱して熱分解させることで、有機
廃棄物は乾留によってその炭化物とメタン等の可燃性ガ
スと僅かな残液とに分解される。乾留は乾留装置で行
い、その温度、時間等の条件は原料有機廃棄物の種類や
粒径によっても異なるが、２００〜９００℃の温度で１
０〜１５分程度である。After drying, it is subjected to dry distillation. Dry distillation means that the material to be dry-distilled is blocked from air and heated to be thermally decomposed, whereby the organic waste is decomposed into carbonized products thereof, combustible gas such as methane and a slight residual liquid. Dry distillation is performed with a dry distillation apparatus, and the conditions such as temperature and time vary depending on the type and particle size of the raw organic waste, but at a temperature of 200 to 900 ° C, 1
It takes about 0 to 15 minutes.
【００１１】更に、本発明は、以上の方法を実施するた
め、適当な粒度と水分量に調整した有機廃棄物を乾燥す
る乾燥装置と、乾燥装置で乾燥させた有機廃棄物を乾留
して炭化する乾留装置とを少なくとも備えたことを特徴
とする有機廃棄物を炭化する装置を提供する。In order to carry out the above method, the present invention further comprises a drying device for drying the organic waste adjusted to have an appropriate particle size and water content, and the organic waste dried by the drying device is carbonized by carbonization. And an apparatus for carbonizing organic waste, the method comprising:
【００１２】本発明で最低限度必要な設備は乾燥装置と
乾留装置とである。乾燥装置は有機廃棄物を乾留可能な
水分含量（約１５〜２０％程度以下）になるまで乾燥す
るためのものであり、これには加熱空気を循環させる炉
内に有機廃棄物を連続して通過させる連続式のものが適
する。乾留装置は空気を遮断して有機廃棄物を加熱して
分解するためのものであり、これも加熱した乾留炉内に
有機廃棄物を連続して通過させる連続式のものが適し、
それにはロータリ式とトンネルキルン式とがある。The minimum equipment required in the present invention is a drying device and a carbonization device. The drying device is for drying the organic waste to a water content (about 15 to 20% or less) that can be carbonized, and the organic waste is continuously fed into a furnace in which heated air is circulated. A continuous type of passing through is suitable. The carbonization device is for shutting off air to heat and decompose the organic waste, and a continuous type that continuously passes the organic waste through the heated carbonization furnace is also suitable.
There are a rotary type and a tunnel kiln type.
【００１３】有機廃棄物の種類、形状によっては以上の
装置の他に次のような装置が付設される。即ち、有機廃
棄物を乾燥する前にこれに乾材を添加して攪拌混合する
混合装置、ペレット等に成形する造粒装置等である。
尚、造粒装置には、水分含量の多いものを比較的小粒径
に造粒する湿式タイプのものと、水分含量の少ないもの
を造粒するのに適した乾式タイプのものとがあり、前者
は乾燥前のものを、後者は相当程度に乾燥したものをそ
れぞれ処理する。この他、乾留装置から出て来た炭化物
は熱いから、これに冷水や冷気を吹きかけて冷却する冷
却装置が付設されることがある。Depending on the type and shape of the organic waste, the following device is attached in addition to the above devices. That is, a mixing device for adding a dry material to the organic waste before drying and stirring and mixing the organic waste, and a granulating device for forming pellets and the like.
There are two types of granulators, a wet type that granulates a high water content into a relatively small particle size, and a dry type that is suitable for granulating a low water content. The former treats the one before drying and the latter treats a considerably dried one. In addition to this, since the carbide that has come out from the carbonization device is hot, a cooling device may be attached to cool it by blowing cold water or cold air onto it.
【００１４】乾留工程で発生した乾留ガスは燃焼性であ
るから、これを燃焼させることでその熱エネルギーを乾
燥装置や乾留装置の熱源に利用できる。この場合は、燃
焼装置を別に設けてこれで燃焼させることになる。この
ガスには悪臭成分が含まれているが、これを燃焼させる
と、これらのガスは無臭化され、悪臭の問題は解決する
（鶏糞の場合、７５０℃で０．５秒間燃焼すれば、完全
に脱臭されることが証明されている）。尚、このガスを
取り出して容器等に詰めておけば、燃料としても利用で
きる。Since the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation process is combustible, the thermal energy of the dry distillation gas can be used for the heat source of the drying device or the dry distillation device by burning the dry distillation gas. In this case, a combustion device is separately provided and combustion is performed with this. This gas contains a malodorous component, but when this is burned, these gases are deodorized, and the problem of malodor is solved (in the case of chicken manure, if burned at 750 ° C for 0.5 seconds, it will be completely eliminated. Has been proven to be deodorized). If this gas is taken out and packed in a container or the like, it can be used as fuel.
【００１５】[0015]
【作用】以上の方法で生成された有機廃棄物の炭化物は
弱アルカリ性の黒色の多孔質体をしている。これらの性
質から、この炭化物は土壌改良材に最適である。即ち、
これを土壌に添加すると、土壌の保水性を高め、団粒化
を促進し、微生物の繁殖を促す作用があるからである。The carbide of the organic waste produced by the above method is a weakly alkaline black porous material. Due to these properties, this carbide is most suitable as a soil conditioner. That is,
This is because when it is added to the soil, it has the effects of increasing the water retention of the soil, promoting the formation of aggregates, and promoting the growth of microorganisms.
【００１６】この炭化物のうち、家畜糞尿はその原料組
成から、２０％以下の炭素と７０％以上の灰分から構成
されており、灰分のうち、窒素分は減っているが、りん
やカリ分は濃縮された状態で留まっている。従って、こ
の炭化物は、肥料効果を持つ土壌改良材ということがで
きる。この点、木材を乾留してできた木炭は８０％以上
の炭素と５％以下の灰分で構成されており、肥料効果は
有しない。[0016] Of the carbonized materials, livestock excrement is composed of carbon of 20% or less and ash of 70% or more due to its raw material composition. Of the ash, nitrogen content is reduced, but phosphorus and potassium content are reduced. It stays concentrated. Therefore, this carbide can be said to be a soil improving material having a fertilizer effect. In this regard, charcoal made by carbonizing wood has 80% or more carbon and 5% or less ash, and has no fertilizer effect.
【００１７】一方、豆腐滓やビール滓等の食品滓は、原
料組成中に炭素分が多いこともあって７０〜７５％の炭
素と２５〜３０％の灰分を有している。このため、肥料
効果はあまり期待できないが、土壌改良材には十分に利
用できる。On the other hand, food dregs such as tofu dregs and beer dregs have 70 to 75% carbon and 25 to 30% ash because the raw material composition contains a large amount of carbon. Therefore, the fertilizer effect cannot be expected so much, but it can be sufficiently used as a soil conditioner.
【００１８】更に、この炭化物は、上記した性質を利用
して次のような用途に利用できる。 ａ）畜産資材；アンモニア、尿等を良く吸着する性質が
あるから、畜舎の床敷き等に利用できる。 ｂ）飼料添加材；灰分の中にはカルシウムも含まれてお
り、これを飼料の中に添加すると、肉質や卵質（鶏の餌
の場合）の向上が期待できる。 ｃ）融雪材；黒色をしていて光エネルギーを良く吸収す
る。 ｄ）調湿材；吸湿性があるから、これを住宅の床下に散
布しておくと、結露を防止できる。又、放湿性もあるか
ら、環境の過乾燥を抑制する。 ｅ）消臭材；孔隙が悪臭成分を吸着する。 ｆ）浄水材；農薬や肥料及び汚濁物質を吸着する性質が
あるから、これをゴルフ場や河川に敷設しておくと、水
質を浄化する。Further, this carbide can be utilized for the following purposes by utilizing the above-mentioned properties. a) Livestock materials: Because they have a property of adsorbing ammonia, urine, etc. well, they can be used for bedding of livestock houses. b) Feed additive: Calcium is also contained in the ash, and if this is added to the feed, improvement in meat quality and egg quality (in the case of chicken feed) can be expected. c) Snow melting material: It has a black color and absorbs light energy well. d) Humidity-controlling material: Since it has hygroscopicity, it is possible to prevent dew condensation by spraying it under the floor of the house. In addition, since it also has a moisture releasing property, it suppresses overdrying of the environment. e) Deodorant: Porosity adsorbs malodorous components. f) Water purification material: It has the property of adsorbing pesticides, fertilizers, and pollutants, so laying it on a golf course or river purifies the water quality.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】図１は家畜糞尿を乾燥、乾留する場合のブロ
ック図であるが、家畜糞尿の場合、先ず、醗酵処理して
水分を４０％程度にするのが効率的である。又、適宜造
粒することもある。次いで、水分が１５〜２０％程度に
なるまで乾燥し、最後に乾留して炭化物にする。但し、
乾燥しただけのものを乾燥肥料として使用する場合もあ
る。尚、乾留工程で可燃性の乾留ガスが発生するから、
これを燃焼してそのカロリーを乾燥工程の熱源として利
用する。EXAMPLE FIG. 1 is a block diagram in the case of drying and dry-distilling livestock manure. In the case of livestock manure, it is effective to first ferment the water to about 40% water. Also, it may be appropriately granulated. Next, it is dried until the water content is about 15 to 20%, and finally it is carbonized by distillation to obtain a carbide. However,
In some cases, the dried product is used as dry fertilizer. In addition, since flammable dry distillation gas is generated in the dry distillation process,
This is burned and its calories are used as a heat source for the drying process.
【００２０】図２は豆腐滓、ビール滓、コーヒー滓等を
乾燥、乾留する場合のブロック図であるが、先ず、原料
を水分が約２０％以下になる程度まで乾燥させ、次い
で、乾留する。これらは家畜糞尿に比べて水分が多く、
且つ、軟弱であるから、予備乾燥を行わず、いきなり乾
燥する場合が多い。尚、乾留工程で発生する乾留ガスを
燃焼させて乾燥工程での熱エネルギーとして利用するの
は同じである。FIG. 2 is a block diagram for drying and dry-distilling tofu dregs, beer dregs, coffee dregs, etc. First, the raw materials are dried to a water content of about 20% or less, and then dry-distilled. These have more water than livestock manure,
Moreover, since it is soft, it is often dried suddenly without performing preliminary drying. It is the same that the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation process is burned and used as heat energy in the drying process.
【００２１】図３は野菜屑、汚泥等を乾留する場合のブ
ロック図であるが、これらは水分が８０〜９０％と非常
に高く、又、粘性も高いため、乾燥前に適当な乾材を加
えて混合し、水分を６０％程度に調整する。又、これら
は粒子が不均一なため、造粒するのが望ましい。尚、造
粒すれば、水分は４０％程度に調整されるから、造粒処
理は水分減少の意味からも好ましい。FIG. 3 is a block diagram in the case of dry-distilling vegetable wastes, sludge and the like. Since these have a very high water content of 80 to 90% and a high viscosity, an appropriate dry material should be used before drying. The mixture is added and mixed to adjust the water content to about 60%. Further, since the particles of these are not uniform, it is desirable to granulate them. Since the water content is adjusted to about 40% by granulation, the granulation treatment is also preferable from the viewpoint of reducing the water content.
【００２２】次いで、乾燥及び乾留を行うのであるが、
このときも、乾留工程で発生する乾留ガスを燃焼させて
乾燥工程での熱エネルギーとして利用するのは同じであ
る。尚、これら原料の乾燥しただけのものは栄養価も低
く、飼料としての製品価値はあまりない。Next, drying and carbonization are carried out.
Also at this time, it is the same that the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation process is burned and used as the heat energy in the drying process. It should be noted that these dried raw materials also have a low nutritional value and have little product value as feed.
【００２３】ところで、家畜糞尿や豆腐滓及びビール滓
等の乾留ガスは２０００Ｋｃａｌ／ｋｇ以上もの高い熱
量を有しており、この熱量だけで乾燥でき、重油等の燃
料は要らない位である。乾留して炭化した炭化物は前記
した用途に利用できることから、商品価値を有するもの
となる。By the way, dry-distilled gas such as livestock manure, tofu dregs and beer dregs has a high calorific value of 2000 Kcal / kg or more and can be dried only by this calorific value, and fuel such as heavy oil is unnecessary. The carbonized product obtained by carbonization by dry distillation has commercial value because it can be used for the above-mentioned applications.
【００２４】図４は以上の乾燥、乾留を連続して行う装
置の配置図であるが、本例のものは、原料を供給する供
給装置１１、原料をペレット等にする造粒装置１０、造
粒したものを乾燥する乾燥装置１２、乾燥したものを一
時貯溜する乾燥サイロ１４、一時貯溜したものを次の乾
留装置に一定量供給する供給装置１６、乾留する乾留装
置１８、乾留によって炭化されて出て来たものを冷却す
る冷却装置２０、次の製品サイロへの供給を制御する振
分ダンパー２２、炭化物（製品）を貯溜する製品サイロ
２４等を原料の流れ方向に沿って順に配置したものであ
る。FIG. 4 is a layout view of an apparatus for continuously performing the above-mentioned drying and dry distillation. In this example, a supply apparatus 11 for supplying a raw material, a granulating apparatus 10 for converting the raw material into pellets, Drying device 12 for drying the granulated product, drying silo 14 for temporarily storing the dried product, supply device 16 for supplying a certain amount of the temporarily stored product to the next carbonization device, carbonization device 18 for carbonization, and carbonization by carbonization A cooling device 20 that cools what has come out, a distribution damper 22 that controls the supply to the next product silo, a product silo 24 that stores carbide (product), etc. are arranged in order along the flow direction of the raw material. Is.
【００２５】以上の各装置はそれぞれシュートやコンベ
ア２６で接続されており、原料から製品までが連続して
製造されるようになっている。ところで、本実施例で
は、乾留装置１８で発生した可燃性の乾留ガス及び乾燥
装置１２からも若干発生する可燃性ガスをサイクロン２
８を通して導いて燃焼させる燃焼装置（熱風発生装置）
３０が設けられており、これで発生した熱風を乾燥装置
１２に還元するようにしている。これにより、ガスは無
臭化され、且つ、乾燥装置１２の燃料が節約できる（熱
量の高いものでは乾燥装置１２の燃料が要らない位であ
るのは前述したとおり）。尚、乾燥装置１２からは最終
的には一部ガスが放出されるが、このときのガスは脱臭
機３２を通されて無臭化されている。The above devices are connected by a chute and a conveyor 26, respectively, so that raw materials to products can be continuously manufactured. By the way, in this embodiment, the combustible carbon dioxide gas generated in the carbonization device 18 and the combustible gas slightly generated in the dryer 12 are converted into the cyclone 2
Combustion device (hot air generator) that guides through 8 and burns
30 is provided, and the hot air generated thereby is returned to the drying device 12. As a result, the gas is deodorized, and the fuel of the drying device 12 can be saved (as described above, the fuel of the drying device 12 is not necessary for a high heat amount). Although a part of the gas is finally released from the drying device 12, the gas at this time is passed through the deodorizer 32 to be deodorized.
【００２６】表１は上記の装置で鶏糞１００％を原料と
して製造された炭化鶏糞の成分分析結果である。 Table 1 shows the results of component analysis of carbonized chicken manure produced from the above-mentioned apparatus using 100% of chicken manure as a raw material.
【００２７】これみると、木炭等と違って灰分の含有量
が多いことがわかる。又、灰分のうち、肥料成分である
窒素、りん酸、カリウムが含まれていることがわかる。
更に、カルシウムも含まれていることがわかる。From this, it can be seen that the content of ash is large, unlike charcoal. Further, it is found that among the ash, the fertilizer components nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium are contained.
Further, it is found that calcium is also contained.
【００２８】表２は上記の鶏糞に１５％のおが屑を添加
したものを原料とした場合の炭素と灰分の割合を示すも
のである。 Table 2 shows the ratio of carbon and ash in the case where 15% sawdust was added to the above-mentioned chicken manure as a raw material.
【００２９】これをみると、炭化物中におが屑の成分で
ある炭素分の割合が相対的に増えていることがわかる
（但し、炭分の中の肥料成分の割合は変わらないことは
推察できる）。From this, it can be seen that the ratio of carbon content which is a component of sawdust in the carbide is relatively increased (however, it can be inferred that the ratio of fertilizer component in the carbon content does not change). .
【００３０】表３は各種の家畜糞尿を乾燥したものと炭
化したものとで、その肥料成分を比較したものである。 表３ 乾燥糞尿（％） 炭化糞尿（％） 鶉 鶏 豚 鶉 鶏 豚 窒素 ４．５ ４．０ ３．８ ３．６ １．７ ３．１ りん酸 ４．５ ４．５ ５．４ １０．９１０．２ ７．２ カリ ２．５ ２．３ ０．８ ４．８ ５．４ ４．２Table 3 compares the fertilizer components of various livestock manures, dried and carbonized. Table 3 Dry Manure (%) Carbonized Manure (%) Raven Chicken Pig Pork Raven Chicken Pig Nitrogen 4.5 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 1.7 3.1 Phosphoric Acid 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.4 10. 910.2 7.2 Cali 2.5 2.5 0.8 4.8 5.4 4.2
【００３１】これをみると、炭化糞尿は乾燥糞尿に比べ
て窒素分は減っているが、りん酸、カリ分は相対的に増
量していることがわかる。これは、窒素分は可燃性ガス
となって抜けるが、りん酸とカリ分は濃縮されて留まる
からであると思われる。From this, it can be seen that the carbonized manure has a reduced nitrogen content compared to the dried manure, but the phosphoric acid and potassium contents are relatively increased. It is considered that this is because the nitrogen content escapes as a flammable gas, but the phosphoric acid and potassium content remain concentrated.
【００３２】表４は食品滓の炭化物の炭素と灰分の含有
比率（％）を示したものである。 表４ 豆腐滓 ビール滓 コーヒー滓 炭素 ７２．４ ６９．９ ７６．２ 灰分 ２４．１ ２０．０ １０．８Table 4 shows the content ratio (%) of carbon and ash in the charcoal of food waste. Table 4 Tofu slag, beer slag, coffee slag, carbon 72.4 69.9 76.2 ash 24.1 20.0 10.8
【００３３】これをみると、原料成分の特性から炭素の
含有比率で高いことがわかる。この点で、肥料成分の多
い家畜糞尿とは異なる。但し、土壌改良材や濾過材とし
て使う限り、品質において何ら劣るものではない。It can be seen from the characteristics of the raw material components that the carbon content is high. In this respect, it differs from livestock manure, which contains a large amount of fertilizer. However, the quality is not inferior as long as it is used as a soil improving material or a filtering material.
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の効果】以上、本発明によれば、家畜糞尿や食品
滓といった有機廃棄物を悪臭や有害物質を発生させない
無公害処理できるとともに、商品価値のある二次製品と
して再生できるのであるから、これら有機廃棄物の処理
として一石二鳥の効果が期待できるのである。そして、
有機廃棄物の乾留工程で発生する可燃性ガスは乾燥工程
での熱エネルギーとして利用できるから、処理コストを
大幅に引き下げる。更に、小さなスペースの設備で可能
であり、処理時間も極めて短時間である。As described above, according to the present invention, organic waste such as livestock excrement and food waste can be treated as pollution-free without generating offensive odors or harmful substances, and can be recycled as a secondary product having commercial value. The effect of two birds with one stone can be expected as a treatment of these organic wastes. And
The combustible gas generated in the dry distillation process of organic waste can be used as heat energy in the drying process, which significantly reduces the processing cost. Furthermore, the equipment can be installed in a small space, and the processing time is extremely short.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】家畜糞尿を乾燥、乾留する場合のブロック図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a block diagram when livestock excrement is dried and carbonized.
【図２】豆腐滓やビール滓を乾燥、乾留する場合のブロ
ック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram in the case of drying and carbonizing tofu dregs and beer dregs.
【図３】野菜屑や汚泥を乾燥、乾留する場合のブロック
図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram for drying and dry-distilling vegetable waste and sludge.
【図４】有機廃棄物を乾燥、乾留する装置の配置図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a layout view of an apparatus for drying and carbonizing organic waste.
１０ 造粒装置 １２ 乾燥装置 １８ 乾留装置 ２０ 冷却装置 ３０ 燃焼装置 10 Granulator 12 Dryer 18 Carbonizer 20 Cooler 30 Combustor
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ０５Ｆ 17/00 7188−4Ｈ 17/02 Ｃ０９Ｋ 17/32 9451−4Ｈ (72)発明者 中島 章五 愛知県豊橋市佐藤町東谷31−13 株式会社 中康内 (72)発明者 中嶌 賢治 愛知県豊橋市高洲町字西屋敷23番地 株式 会社中島鉄工内 (72)発明者 鈴木 洋 愛知県名古屋市中村区中島町３丁目11番地 日本エコテックサービス株式会社内 (72)発明者 丸山 高郎 愛知県名古屋市中村区名駅４丁目７番23号 豊通オイルセンター株式会社内─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication C05F 17/00 7188-4H 17/02 C09K 17/32 9451-4H (72) Inventor Shogo Nakajima 31-13 Higashidani, Sato-cho, Toyohashi-shi, Aichi Prefecture Nakayanai Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenji Nakajima 23 Nishiyashiki, Takasu-cho, Toyohashi-shi, Aichi Nakajima Iron Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Suzuki Naka-city, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 3-11 Nakashima-cho, Naka within Japan Eco-Tech Service Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takaro Maruyama 4-7-23 Mei Station, Nakamura-ku, Aichi Prefecture Toyotsu Oil Center Co., Ltd.
Claims (10)
に乾留して炭化物にすることを特徴とする有機廃棄物を
炭化する方法。1. A method for carbonizing an organic waste, which comprises drying the organic waste in a sealed state and then carbonizing it by carbonization.
燃焼し、その燃焼熱を乾燥工程の熱エネルギーとして利
用することを特徴とする請求項１の有機廃棄物を炭化す
る方法。2. The method for carbonizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein a combustible dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation process is burned and the heat of combustion is used as heat energy in the drying process.
つ以上を行って予備乾燥することを特徴とする請求項１
又は２の有機廃棄物を炭化する方法。3. Preliminary drying is carried out by performing one or more of sun drying, fermentation and addition of a dry material.
Or a method of carbonizing the organic waste of 2.
項１乃至３の有機廃棄物を炭化する方法。4. The method for carbonizing the organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste is pulverized before carbonization.
項１乃至３の有機廃棄物を炭化する方法。5. The method for carbonizing the organic waste according to claim 1, which comprises granulating before carbonization.
機廃棄物を炭化する方法。6. The method for carbonizing organic waste according to claim 5, wherein the granulation is pellet granulation.
とする請求項１乃至５の有機廃棄物を炭化する方法。7. The method for carbonizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste is livestock excrement.
する請求項１乃至５の有機廃棄物を炭化する方法。8. The method for carbonizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste is food waste.
物を密封した状態で乾燥する乾燥装置と、乾燥装置で乾
燥させた有機廃棄物を乾留して炭化する乾留装置とを少
なくとも備えたことを特徴とする有機廃棄物を炭化する
装置。9. A drying device for drying the organic waste, which is adjusted to have an appropriate particle size and water content in a sealed state, and a dry distillation device for carbonizing the organic waste dried by the drying device by carbonization. A device for carbonizing organic waste, which is characterized in that
置、混合したものを造粒する造粒装置、乾留されたもの
を冷却する冷却装置、乾留装置及び／又は乾燥装置から
発生する可燃性の乾留ガスを導いて燃焼する燃焼装置の
一つ又は二つ以上が適宜付設されることを特徴とする請
求項９の有機廃棄物を炭化する装置。10. A mixing device for adding a dry material and stirring and mixing, a granulating device for granulating the mixed product, a cooling device for cooling the dry-distilled product, a flammability generated from the dry-distilling device and / or the drying device. 10. The apparatus for carbonizing organic waste according to claim 9, wherein one or more of the combustion apparatuses for guiding and burning the dry distillation gas according to claim 9 are appropriately attached.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8810294A JP3051020B2 (en) | 1993-04-13 | 1994-03-31 | Organic waste carbonization equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5-110945 | 1993-04-13 | ||
| JP11094593 | 1993-04-13 | ||
| JP8810294A JP3051020B2 (en) | 1993-04-13 | 1994-03-31 | Organic waste carbonization equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH078936A true JPH078936A (en) | 1995-01-13 |
| JP3051020B2 JP3051020B2 (en) | 2000-06-12 |
Family
ID=26429540
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8810294A Expired - Lifetime JP3051020B2 (en) | 1993-04-13 | 1994-03-31 | Organic waste carbonization equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3051020B2 (en) |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000024363A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2000-05-06 | 고규태 | A methode of manufacture of fuel to a stool |
| JP2000169855A (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-06-20 | Takasago Ind Co Ltd | Carbonization of vegetable waste |
| WO2002004365A1 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-17 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Formed product made from refuse derived fuel and method for production thereof |
| JP2002018416A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-22 | Maywa Co Ltd | Treating method of bagasse |
| JP2004121945A (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-22 | Daiwa House Ind Co Ltd | Method for removing fermentation odor |
| JP2004231725A (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2004-08-19 | Nobuo Ogawa | Process for manufacturing carbonized product using meat and bone meal as raw material |
| JP2005052692A (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-03-03 | Kangen Yoyu Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Processing system and processing method for using biomass resource effectively |
| JP2006088044A (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-06 | Toshiba Corp | Sludge carbonized matter and carbonization method of sludge |
| JP2007117967A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Asahi Breweries Ltd | Carrier for autotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacterium, ammonia nitrogen removing bacterium-deposited body and method for removing ammonia nitrogen |
| JP2008055281A (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-13 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Apparatus for supplying sludge to carbonizing furnace |
| JP2008308570A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd | Method for utilizing highly hydrous waste and treatment apparatus |
| JP2012050956A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-15 | Miike Iron Works Co Ltd | Carbonization method and carbonization plant of organic waste |
| JP2012224677A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-11-15 | Actree Corp | System and method for carbonizing wet biomass |
| JP2013082799A (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-05-09 | Toshiba Corp | Carbonizing system |
| JP2021066629A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-30 | 時空化学株式会社 | Biological material-derived hard carbon, negative electrode material, negative electrode, and alkali ion battery |
| CN113943029A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-18 | 北京农学院 | Application of coffee residue biochar in pyrethroid pesticides in enriched water body |
| JP2022529161A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-06-17 | アルペンコーレ ゲエムベーハー | Charcoal manufacturing method |
| JP2023094849A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-06 | 新和環境株式会社 | Biomass aqueous gasification system |
| JP2023094850A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-06 | 新和環境株式会社 | Reconstruction method of biomass processing system |
| CN117356652A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 中国科学院大学 | Green low-carbon recycling and energy coupling method for brewing waste |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58143895A (en) * | 1982-02-19 | 1983-08-26 | Taishiya Eiseishiya:Kk | Treatment of carbon-containing waste matter |
| JPH04277072A (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1992-10-02 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating garbage |
-
1994
- 1994-03-31 JP JP8810294A patent/JP3051020B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58143895A (en) * | 1982-02-19 | 1983-08-26 | Taishiya Eiseishiya:Kk | Treatment of carbon-containing waste matter |
| JPH04277072A (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1992-10-02 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating garbage |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000169855A (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-06-20 | Takasago Ind Co Ltd | Carbonization of vegetable waste |
| KR20000024363A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2000-05-06 | 고규태 | A methode of manufacture of fuel to a stool |
| JP2002018416A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-22 | Maywa Co Ltd | Treating method of bagasse |
| WO2002004365A1 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-17 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Formed product made from refuse derived fuel and method for production thereof |
| JP2004121945A (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-22 | Daiwa House Ind Co Ltd | Method for removing fermentation odor |
| JP2004231725A (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2004-08-19 | Nobuo Ogawa | Process for manufacturing carbonized product using meat and bone meal as raw material |
| JP2005052692A (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-03-03 | Kangen Yoyu Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Processing system and processing method for using biomass resource effectively |
| JP2006088044A (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-06 | Toshiba Corp | Sludge carbonized matter and carbonization method of sludge |
| JP2007117967A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Asahi Breweries Ltd | Carrier for autotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacterium, ammonia nitrogen removing bacterium-deposited body and method for removing ammonia nitrogen |
| JP2008055281A (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-13 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Apparatus for supplying sludge to carbonizing furnace |
| JP2008308570A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd | Method for utilizing highly hydrous waste and treatment apparatus |
| JP2012050956A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-15 | Miike Iron Works Co Ltd | Carbonization method and carbonization plant of organic waste |
| JP2012224677A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-11-15 | Actree Corp | System and method for carbonizing wet biomass |
| JP2013082799A (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-05-09 | Toshiba Corp | Carbonizing system |
| JP2022529161A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-06-17 | アルペンコーレ ゲエムベーハー | Charcoal manufacturing method |
| JP2021066629A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-30 | 時空化学株式会社 | Biological material-derived hard carbon, negative electrode material, negative electrode, and alkali ion battery |
| CN113943029A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-18 | 北京农学院 | Application of coffee residue biochar in pyrethroid pesticides in enriched water body |
| JP2023094849A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-06 | 新和環境株式会社 | Biomass aqueous gasification system |
| JP2023094850A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-06 | 新和環境株式会社 | Reconstruction method of biomass processing system |
| CN117356652A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 中国科学院大学 | Green low-carbon recycling and energy coupling method for brewing waste |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3051020B2 (en) | 2000-06-12 |
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