JPH0778538B2 - Light beam object detector - Google Patents

Light beam object detector

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Publication number
JPH0778538B2
JPH0778538B2 JP63036505A JP3650588A JPH0778538B2 JP H0778538 B2 JPH0778538 B2 JP H0778538B2 JP 63036505 A JP63036505 A JP 63036505A JP 3650588 A JP3650588 A JP 3650588A JP H0778538 B2 JPH0778538 B2 JP H0778538B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
light
dimensional
receiving
optical lens
light emitting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP63036505A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH01212384A (en
Inventor
准一 金本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SOHGO SECURITY SERVICES CO.,LTD.
Original Assignee
SOHGO SECURITY SERVICES CO.,LTD.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SOHGO SECURITY SERVICES CO.,LTD. filed Critical SOHGO SECURITY SERVICES CO.,LTD.
Priority to JP63036505A priority Critical patent/JPH0778538B2/en
Publication of JPH01212384A publication Critical patent/JPH01212384A/en
Publication of JPH0778538B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0778538B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、物体の有無及び物体の方向並びに物体までの
距離を検出する光ビーム物体検出装置の改良に関するも
のである。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement of a light beam object detection device for detecting the presence or absence of an object, the direction of the object, and the distance to the object.

〔従来技術〕[Prior art]

従来、この種の装置としては、第3A図、第3B図、第3C図
に示す、発光素子51(例えば、発光ダイオード:LED又は
レーザーダイオード)により発光した光を投光用光学レ
ンズ52によりビーム化して投光し、物体が検出可能範囲
内に存在すると光ビームの投光軸上にある物体53の表面
0点(又は0′点)で反射され、受光用光学レンズ54を
介して、0点(又は0′点)と受光用光学レンズ54の中
心点との延長上の一次元受光素子55(例えば一次元PSD
素子)上に光スポットP1点(又はP2点)が撮像されるよ
うにしたものが知られている。そして、 i)この一次元受光素子55に撮像される光スポットの受
光レベルにより物体の有無を検出し, ii)又光スポットの位置Δdにより、この一次元受光素
子55の両端から出力された電極Y,−Yの電流I(Y),I
(-Y)が変化するが、この電流比とΔd,Dとの関係を示す
式(1)より光スポットの位置Δdが検出でき, iii)さらに、三角測距の原理より導かれる式(2),
式(3)から物体までの距離Lを検出していた。
Conventionally, as a device of this type, as shown in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C, light emitted by a light emitting element 51 (for example, a light emitting diode: LED or laser diode) is beamed by an optical lens 52 for projecting light. When the object is present within the detectable range, it is reflected by the surface 0 point (or 0 ′ point) of the object 53 on the projection axis of the light beam, and is reflected by the light receiving optical lens 54. One-dimensional light receiving element 55 (for example, one-dimensional PSD) on the extension of the point (or 0'point) and the center point of the light-receiving optical lens 54.
It is known that the light spot P 1 point (or P 2 point) is imaged on the element. Then, i) the presence or absence of an object is detected by the light receiving level of the light spot imaged by this one-dimensional light receiving element 55, and ii) the electrodes output from both ends of this one-dimensional light receiving element 55 by the position Δd of the light spot. Y, -Y current I (Y) , I
Although (-Y) changes, the position Δd of the light spot can be detected from the equation (1) showing the relation between this current ratio and Δd, D, iii) Furthermore, the equation (2) derived from the principle of triangulation ),
The distance L from the formula (3) to the object is detected.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕 従来の装置にあっては、光ビームを使用する関係上、単
方向における物体の有無及び物体までの距離を検出して
おり、検出範囲が光ビーム状となり狭いという問題点
や、広範囲に物体を検出しようとするためには、単方向
の検出装置を複数個各方向に設置するか、あるいは、機
械的に検出方向を変えて各方向に対して検出するか等の
方法を構ずる必要があるが、前者、即ち検出範囲を広く
する為に検出装置を複数個使用した場合においては、コ
ストが高くなり全体のシステムも大型化するという問題
点があり、更に後者、即ち1個の検出装置で機械的に検
出方向を変える方式においては、機械的可動部分の製造
上の精度に起因する検出誤差や機械部の追従性による検
出速度の問題及び長時間連続使用した時の故障等による
信頼性の低下等の問題点を有していた。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In a conventional device, because of the use of a light beam, the presence or absence of an object and the distance to the object in a single direction are detected, and the detection range becomes narrow as a light beam. In order to detect an object over a wide area, whether to install a plurality of unidirectional detection devices in each direction or mechanically change the detection direction to detect in each direction However, in the former case, that is, when a plurality of detection devices are used to widen the detection range, there is a problem that the cost becomes high and the whole system becomes large. In the latter case, that is, in the system in which the detection direction is mechanically changed by one detection device, there is a problem of detection speed caused by manufacturing accuracy of mechanically movable parts and detection speed due to followability of mechanical parts, and long-term continuous use. When There was a problem such as a decrease in reliability due to a failure or the like.

本発明は、従来技術の有するこのような問題点に鑑みて
なされたものであり、その目的とするところは、物体の
有無及び物体までの距離を検出するだけでなく、物体の
方向を広範囲に検出することができ、更に、機械的機構
を使用せずに比較的簡単な構成で光ビームのスキャンを
行ない、物体の二次元形状あるいは三次元形状を識別す
ることの可能な光ビーム物体検出装置を提供することに
ある。
The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is not only to detect the presence or absence of an object and the distance to the object, but also to widen the direction of the object. A light beam object detection device capable of detecting and further identifying a two-dimensional shape or a three-dimensional shape of an object by scanning a light beam with a relatively simple structure without using a mechanical mechanism. To provide.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means for Solving the Problems]

本発明に係る光ビーム物体検出装置は、複数の発光素子
をアレイ状にして形成した光投光用の発光素子アレイ
と、該発光素子アレイより投光された光をビーム化する
投光用光学レンズと、該投光用光学レンズを介して投光
され、検出範囲内の物体により乱反射された光を受光す
る受光用光学レンズと、該受光用光学レンズを介して受
光された光を光スポットとして受光し、受光レベルと光
スポットの位置の検出が可能な二次元受光素子を備え、
前記投光用光学レンズの焦点距離付近に前記発光素子ア
レイを、又前記受光用光学レンズの焦点距離付近に前記
二次元受光素子をそれぞれ設置し、前記発光素子アレイ
の各発光素子を順次発光させることにより、光ビームを
電気的にスキャンし、前記二次元受光素子で受光した光
スポットの受光レベルにより物体の有無を検出するとと
もに光スポットの位置により物体の方向及び物体までの
距離を検出し、物体の二次元形状又は三次元形状を識別
するものである。
A light beam object detection device according to the present invention includes a light emitting element array for projecting light, which is formed by arraying a plurality of light emitting elements, and a light projecting optical for converting the light projected from the light emitting element array into a beam. A lens, a light-receiving optical lens that receives light that is projected through the light-projecting optical lens and is diffusely reflected by an object within the detection range, and a light spot that receives light that is received through the light-receiving optical lens. It has a two-dimensional light receiving element that can detect the light receiving level and the position of the light spot as
The light emitting element array is installed in the vicinity of the focal length of the light projecting optical lens, and the two-dimensional light receiving element is installed in the vicinity of the focal length of the light receiving optical lens, and the respective light emitting elements of the light emitting element array are made to sequentially emit light. By electrically scanning the light beam, by detecting the presence or absence of an object by the light receiving level of the light spot received by the two-dimensional light receiving element and detecting the direction of the object and the distance to the object by the position of the light spot, It identifies the two-dimensional shape or three-dimensional shape of an object.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

実施例について図面を参照して説明する。 Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

第1A図,第1B図、第1C図において、物体検出装置1は、
複数の発光素子61,62,…6nをアレイ状にして形成した
光投光用の一次元発光素子アレイ6と、この一次元発光
素子アレイ6より投光された光をビーム化する投光用光
学レンズ2と、この投光用光学レンズ2を介して投光さ
れ、検出範囲内の物体3により乱反射された光を受光す
る受光用光学レンズ4と、この受光用光学レンズ4を介
して受光された光を光スポットとして受光し、受光レベ
ルと光スポットの位置の検出が可能な二次元受光素子7
とを備えている。
In FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C, the object detection device 1 is
A light emitting one-dimensional light emitting element array 6 formed by arraying a plurality of light emitting elements 6 1 , 6 2 , ... 6 n , and the light emitted from the one dimensional light emitting element array 6 is formed into a beam. The optical lens 2 for projecting light, the optical lens 4 for receiving light which is projected through the optical lens 2 for projecting light and is diffusely reflected by the object 3 within the detection range, and the optical lens 4 for receiving light. A two-dimensional light receiving element 7 capable of receiving the light received via the light as a light spot and detecting the light receiving level and the position of the light spot.
It has and.

このうち、一次元発光素子アレイ6は、検出範囲を広く
するため、複数の発光素子、例えば複数の発光ダイオー
ド(又はレーザーダイオード)をアレイ状にした多素子
型の一次元発光ダイオードアレイ(又は一次元レーザー
ダイオードアレイ)として形成されている。この一次元
発光素子アレイ6は前記投光用光学レンズ2の焦点距離
付近に設置されている。
Among them, the one-dimensional light emitting element array 6 is a multi-element type one-dimensional light emitting diode array (or primary Original laser diode array). The one-dimensional light emitting element array 6 is installed near the focal length of the light projecting optical lens 2.

又前記二次元受光素子7は、受光レベルの検出及び光ス
ポットの位置を図におけるX,−X方向及びY,−Y方向に
ついて検出できる二次元受光素子として、例えば二次元
PSD(Position Sensitive Detector)素子を用いて形成
されている。この二次元受光素子7は前記受光用光学レ
ンズ4の焦点距離付近に設置されている。
The two-dimensional light receiving element 7 is, for example, a two-dimensional light receiving element capable of detecting the light receiving level and detecting the position of the light spot in the X, -X and Y, -Y directions in the drawing.
It is formed using a PSD (Position Sensitive Detector) element. The two-dimensional light receiving element 7 is installed near the focal length of the light receiving optical lens 4.

さて今この一次元発光素子アレイ6より光が投光される
と、その光は投光用光学レンズ2によりビーム化され、
光ビームとして投光する。又、前記投光用レンズ2を介
して投光された光ビームは、検出範囲内に物体3(ここ
では、波状の物体)が存在すれば、光ビームの光軸上に
ある物体3の表面(01〜0n点)により発光素子のスキャ
ンに応じて順次乱反射され、前記受光用光学レンズ4を
介して、受光用光学レンズ4の焦点距離付近に設置され
た二次元受光素子7に光スポット(P1〜Pn点)が順次撮
像される。
Now, when light is projected from this one-dimensional light emitting element array 6, the light is converted into a beam by the projection optical lens 2,
Project as a light beam. Further, the light beam projected through the projection lens 2 has a surface of the object 3 on the optical axis of the light beam if an object 3 (here, a wavy object) is present within the detection range. (0 1 to 0 n points) are diffused and reflected sequentially according to the scan of the light emitting element, and the light is transmitted through the light receiving optical lens 4 to the two-dimensional light receiving element 7 installed near the focal length of the light receiving optical lens 4. Spots (P 1 to P n points) are sequentially imaged.

かくして、この二次元受光素子7に撮像される光スポッ
トの受光レベルにより物体の有無が検出でき、光スポッ
トのX,−X方向の位置により光ビームの反射方向がわか
り、物体の方向が検出できる。更に、光スポットのY,−
Y方向の位置により物体3までの距離Lが検出でき、物
体の断面(01〜0n点)の形状を二次元領域で識別するこ
とができる。
Thus, the presence or absence of an object can be detected by the light receiving level of the light spot imaged by the two-dimensional light receiving element 7, the reflection direction of the light beam can be known from the position of the light spot in the X and -X directions, and the direction of the object can be detected. . Furthermore, the light spot Y, −
The distance L to the object 3 can be detected from the position in the Y direction, and the shape of the cross section (0 1 to 0 n points) of the object can be identified in the two-dimensional area.

第2A図、第2B図、第2C図で示される実施例では、一次元
発光素子アレイ6を二次元発光ダイオードアレイ18(又
は二次元レーザーダイオードアレイ)としている。
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C, the one-dimensional light emitting element array 6 is the two-dimensional light emitting diode array 18 (or the two-dimensional laser diode array).

従って、光を投光する二次元発光素子アレイ18(例え
ば、X,−X方向にn個,Y,−Y方向にm個の発光素子を
有する二次元発光素子アレイ)のX,−X方向の各1ライ
ン(例えば、LED1i〜LEDni)の発光素子のスキャンを第
1の実施例の場合と同様に行ない、X,−X方向における
発光素子No.1からNo.nまでを順次発光させ、スキャンを
行なう。このことにより物体13(例えば、球状の物体)
のある一断面(例えば、01〜0n点)が、二次元受光素子
アレイ7上に光スポット(P1〜Pn点)として検出でき、
さらにこの操作を他の1ライン(例えばLED1j〜LEDnj
について行なうと、光ビームのスキャンする面を変化さ
せることができ、物体13の他の断面(例えば、01′〜
0n′点)についても、二次元受光素子アレイ7上に光ス
ポット(P1′〜Pn′点)として検出できる。この様にし
てY,−Y方向の各スキャン面に対応した物体13の各方向
の断面の形状を検出することにより物体の三次元形状を
識別することが可能となる。
Therefore, the X, -X directions of the two-dimensional light emitting element array 18 that projects light (for example, a two-dimensional light emitting element array having n light emitting elements in the X, -X direction and m light emitting elements in the Y, -Y direction) The scanning of the light emitting elements of each one line (for example, LED 1i to LED ni ) is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the light emitting elements No. 1 to No. n are sequentially emitted in the X and −X directions. And scan. This allows the object 13 (eg spherical object)
A section (e.g., 0 1 ~0 n points) with is able to detect the light spot (P 1 to P n points) on the two-dimensional photodetector array 7,
In addition, this operation is performed on another line (for example, LED 1j to LED nj )
The scanning plane of the light beam can be changed, and another cross section of the object 13 (for example, 0 1 ′ ~
The 0 n ′ point) can also be detected as a light spot (P 1 ′ to P n ′ point) on the two-dimensional light receiving element array 7. In this way, the three-dimensional shape of the object can be identified by detecting the shape of the cross section of the object 13 in each direction corresponding to each scan plane in the Y and -Y directions.

尚、外乱光における影響は、近赤外線等の可視光外の光
を使用し、可視光カット等のフィルターを取り付けるこ
とにより除去することが可能である。
The influence of ambient light can be removed by using light other than visible light such as near infrared light and attaching a filter for cutting visible light.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、以
下に記載されるような効果を有する。
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the effects described below.

(1)発光素子に一次元又は二次元の発光素子アレイを
使用することにより、機械的構造を有せずに光ビームを
電気的にスキャンすることができ、機械的に可動する部
分の製造上の精度による検出誤差や機械部の追従性を気
にすることなく、速いスピードでスキャンが可能となる
と伴に、長時間の連続使用時の機械的故障等による信頼
性の低下の問題を考慮しなくてもよくなり、検出範囲を
広範囲とすることができ、検出速度を向上させることが
できる。
(1) By using a one-dimensional or two-dimensional light emitting element array for a light emitting element, a light beam can be electrically scanned without having a mechanical structure, and a mechanically movable portion can be manufactured. It is possible to scan at a high speed without worrying about the detection error due to the accuracy of and the tracking of the machine part, and in consideration of the problem of reduced reliability due to mechanical failure during continuous use for a long time. It is not necessary, and the detection range can be widened, and the detection speed can be improved.

(2)受光レベルの検出及び光スポットの位置をX,−X
方向とY,−Y方向について検出できる二次元受光素子を
使用することにより、光ビームの各方向に対する物体の
方向及び物体までの距離を検出できる。
(2) Detection of received light level and position of light spot is X, -X
By using a two-dimensional light receiving element capable of detecting the direction and the Y and -Y directions, the direction of the object and the distance to the object with respect to each direction of the light beam can be detected.

(3)光ビームを使用して検出する方式を行なっている
ので、超音波等による方式に比べて、指向性が鋭くかつ
広い為に識別が困難であった物体の方向を精度よく検出
できる。
(3) Since the detection method using the light beam is performed, the direction of the object, which is difficult to be identified because of its sharp directivity and wide range, can be detected more accurately than the method using ultrasonic waves or the like.

(4)検出媒体として光を使用しているので、温度,湿
度等による環境条件や空調等による空気の変動や音波ノ
イズ及び電波ノイズ等の影響が少ない。
(4) Since light is used as the detection medium, it is less affected by environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, air changes due to air conditioning, acoustic noise, radio wave noise, and the like.

(5)光ビームによる三角測距方式を採用している為、
光の反射レベル変動に影響されにくく、物体までの距離
及び物体の方向の検出誤差を少なくでき、又、物体の傾
き及び形状による検出誤差も少なくできる。
(5) Since the triangulation method using the light beam is adopted,
It is less affected by fluctuations in the reflection level of light, and the detection error of the distance to the object and the direction of the object can be reduced, and the detection error due to the inclination and shape of the object can be reduced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第1図は物体検出装置の実施例を示し、第1A図は物体検
出装置の構成略図、第1B図はその立面図、第1C図はその
平面図、第2図は他の実施例を示し、第2A図はその構成
略図、第2B図はその立面図、第2C図はその平面図、第3
図は従来技術を示し、第3A図はその構成略図、第3B図は
その立面図、第3C図はその平面図である。 2…投光用光学レンズ 3,13…物体 4…受光用光学レンズ 6…一次元発光素子アレイ 7…二次元受光素子 18…二次元発光素子アレイ
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the object detecting device, FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of the object detecting device, FIG. 1B is its elevation view, FIG. 1C is its plan view, and FIG. 2 is another embodiment. FIG. 2A is a schematic view of the structure, FIG. 2B is its elevation view, FIG. 2C is its plan view, and FIG.
The figure shows the prior art, FIG. 3A is its schematic diagram, FIG. 3B is its elevation view, and FIG. 3C is its plan view. 2 ... Optical lens for projecting light 3,13 ... Object 4 ... Optical lens for receiving light 6 ... One-dimensional light emitting element array 7 ... Two-dimensional light receiving element 18 ... Two-dimensional light emitting element array

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 G01V 8/20 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location G01V 8/20

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】複数の発光素子をアレイ状にして形成した
光投光用の発光素子アレイと、 該発光素子アレイより投光された光をビーム化する投光
用光学レンズと、 該投光用光学レンズを介して投光され、検出範囲内の物
体により乱反射された光を受光する受光用光学レンズ
と、 該受光用光学レンズを介して受光された光を光スポット
として受光し、受光レベルと光スポットの位置の検出が
可能な二次元受光素子を備え、 前記投光用光学レンズの焦点距離付近に前記発光素子ア
レイを、又前記受光用光学レンズの焦点距離付近に前記
二次元受光素子をそれぞれ配置し、前記発光素子アレイ
の各発光素子を順次発光させることにより、光ビームを
電気的にスキャンし、前記二次元受光素子で受光した光
スポットの受光レベルにより物体の有無を検出するとと
もに光スポットの位置により物体の方向及び物体までの
距離を検出し、物体の二次元形状又は三次元形状を識別
する光ビーム物体検出装置。
1. A light emitting element array for projecting light, which is formed by arraying a plurality of light emitting elements, a light projecting optical lens for converting the light projected from the light emitting element array into a beam, and the light projecting. Receiving optical lens for receiving the light projected through the optical receiving optical lens and diffused and reflected by the object within the detection range, and the light receiving via the receiving optical lens for receiving as a light spot and receiving level And a two-dimensional light receiving element capable of detecting the position of the light spot, the light emitting element array near the focal length of the light projecting optical lens, and the two dimensional light receiving element near the focal length of the light receiving optical lens. Are arranged respectively, and each light emitting element of the light emitting element array is sequentially made to emit light to electrically scan the light beam, and the presence or absence of an object is detected by the light receiving level of the light spot received by the two-dimensional light receiving element. A light beam object detection device that detects the direction of an object and the distance to the object based on the position of a light spot while emitting the light beam and identifies the two-dimensional shape or three-dimensional shape of the object.
JP63036505A 1988-02-20 1988-02-20 Light beam object detector Expired - Lifetime JPH0778538B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63036505A JPH0778538B2 (en) 1988-02-20 1988-02-20 Light beam object detector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63036505A JPH0778538B2 (en) 1988-02-20 1988-02-20 Light beam object detector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01212384A JPH01212384A (en) 1989-08-25
JPH0778538B2 true JPH0778538B2 (en) 1995-08-23

Family

ID=12471683

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63036505A Expired - Lifetime JPH0778538B2 (en) 1988-02-20 1988-02-20 Light beam object detector

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0778538B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0782089B2 (en) * 1990-06-14 1995-09-06 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Speed measuring instrument
JPH04295789A (en) * 1991-03-25 1992-10-20 Opt Kk Object sensing device
JP2006125862A (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-18 Sharp Corp Optical range finding sensor, self-advancing cleaner, and air conditioner
JP5690329B2 (en) * 2009-04-29 2015-03-25 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ Optical vehicle laser detection system
JP5881896B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2016-03-09 三菱電機株式会社 Communication device
JP2014232005A (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-11 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Measurement device
JP6186913B2 (en) * 2013-06-11 2017-08-30 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Measuring device
JP6303323B2 (en) * 2013-08-09 2018-04-04 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Optical device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61233386A (en) * 1985-04-08 1986-10-17 Seruko Kk Material body detector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01212384A (en) 1989-08-25

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