JPH0775324A - Linear motor and elevator and man conveyor using linear motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain high efficiency and easy manufacture by using a primary side element comprising a magnetic substrate and a coil vertically wound in the progressive direction of a linear motor and laying a pair of secondary side elements in the whole track so as to hold the primary side element therebetween. CONSTITUTION:A linear motor 1 is constituted of a primary side element 10 supplied with electric power and a secondary side element 20 not supplied with electric power. The secondary side element 20 is fixed, and a longitudinal wheel 151 supporting the load in the direction Y and a transverse wheel 152 supporting the load in the direction X are installed to the primary side element movable in the direction Z. The secondary side element 20 is composed of a secondary yoke 204, in which XY surfaces are formed in a U shape and which consists of a magnetic material extended in the direction Z, and secondary conductors 201, 202 made up of a tabular conductive material, and the secondary conductors 201, 202 are mounted on the internal surface of the secondary yoke 204. A plurality of primary coils 101 as a conductive material are wound on a primary core 103, which is formed in a rectangular parallelopiped and composed of a magnetic substance extended in the direction Z, in the direction Z in the primary side element 10. Accordingly, operation is enabled with high efficiency while acquiring easy manufacture.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a linear motor for linear movement, and more particularly to a linear motor suitable as a drive source for elevators and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A linear induction motor is suitable as a linear motor that requires a large capacity as a drive source for an elevator or the like.

As a conventional linear induction motor, reference is made to the document “Linear Motor and Its Application” edited by Technical Committee on Magnetic Actuators of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, (3
As described in (Mon.), a flat plate linear induction motor and a cylindrical linear induction motor are known.

As a first conventional example, there is JP-A-1-220691 which describes a flat plate linear induction motor as an auxiliary driving means for an oblique elevator. Here, it is disclosed that a flat linear induction motor is used as an auxiliary drive means in a partial section of an oblique elevator having a hoist as a drive source. Since it is an auxiliary driving means for only a part of the section, the driving distance is short, and the primary side element is fixed and the secondary side element is a moving body.

As a second conventional example, a plate-shaped linear induction motor different from the first conventional example is used as an elevator as a main drive source, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-780.
60, JP-A-4-16081, JP-A-3-56382, JP-A-3-95083, JP-A-2-310281, JP-A-57-175684 and the like. The flat plate linear induction motors described in these conventional examples have a structure in which coils are provided in three phases on one plane of the primary side magnetic body.

[0006] As a third conventional example, a cylindrical linear induction motor having a high efficiency and a high power factor is described, for example, JP-A-2-233489 and JP-A-2-233490. In the cylindrical linear induction motors described in these conventional examples, a secondary side element having a simple structure is usually used as a fixed side, and a cylindrical secondary conductor is further provided outside a cylindrical secondary yoke of the secondary side element. Through the void on the outside,
The structure is such that a cylindrical primary core having a donut-shaped primary coil on its inner surface is provided. As a result, the primary-side element has a cylindrical shape and faces the secondary conductor over the entire area, so that copper loss is small and reduction in efficiency can be suppressed.

[0007]

In the first conventional example described above, a plurality of drive sources, that is, a hoisting machine and a linear motor are required as the drive source of the skew elevator, and it cannot be applied to a normal elevator. . In addition, the structure was complicated and the cost was too high to realize as an oblique elevator.

Further, in this linear motor structure, the primary side element and the secondary side element do not always face each other in their entire surfaces, and the surface where the primary side element does not give the magnetic flux to the secondary side element contributes to the motor output. Not doing so resulted in a large loss of efficiency.

In the configuration of the second conventional linear motor, as described above, three coils are provided on one plane of the primary magnetic body.
Since it is provided in the phase, the U-phase coil overlaps with the V-phase and W-phase coils to reach the U-phase in the next slot, and forms a large coil end portion. Since the coil end portion does not contribute to thrust by facing the secondary conductor, the coil resistance increases as the coil end portion becomes longer, which increases copper loss and significantly reduces the efficiency of the motor. I was doing.

The linear motor of the third conventional example has various problems because the cylindrical primary coil, the primary core, the secondary conductor, and the secondary yoke are manufactured and combined as described above. The details will be described below.

In this linear motor, the primary side element has a structure in which a slot is provided in the inner surface of a cylindrical primary core and a donut-shaped primary coil is provided in the slot, which is extremely difficult to manufacture.

Further, as a mechanism for holding the gap of the thrust generating portion, if a traveling surface is provided on the secondary side element and a wheel is provided on the primary side element, the traveling surface on the secondary conductor of the secondary side element is high. Flatness and hardness are required. In order to avoid this, if a dedicated traveling surface is provided, the parts of the primary side element and the secondary side element that are mechanically connected to each other become long, the rigidity is reduced, and vibration is likely to occur. Therefore, in order to prevent this,
Furthermore, the mechanism is complicated and expensive.

Therefore, in this conventional example, there is a problem that the manufacturing is difficult and the cost is high.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the flat plate linear motor and the cylindrical linear motor of the prior art, and provides a linear motor having relatively high efficiency and ease of manufacture. To aim.

[0015]

The feature of the present invention resides in that a primary side element, which is a moving body, is wound around the primary magnetic material and the outer circumference of the cross section of the magnetic material perpendicularly to the linear motor traveling direction. And a pair of secondary side elements are laid in all steps of the linear motor so as to sandwich the primary side element.

[0016]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the moving magnetic field generated in the primary side coil, which is a moving body, simultaneously generates thrust in two sets of facing portions with the secondary side element, and operates as a linear motor. To do.

In this linear motor, since two secondary side elements are always opposed to one primary side element to generate thrust, loss is small and an efficient linear motor can be realized. Further, since the primary side element is the moving body and the secondary side element having a simpler structure and lower cost than the primary side element is the fixed side,
It can be an inexpensive linear motor.

Further, as compared with the length of the portion of the primary coil in the thrust generating portion of the primary coil wound perpendicularly to the traveling direction of the linear motor, the primary coil not in the thrust generating portion is provided. The length of the part (coil end) can be shortened,
Since the coil end portion that does not contribute to the motor output can be made small, the efficiency can be improved.

In particular, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic material of the primary side element has a quadrilateral shape, and two sides forming opposite sides of the quadrilateral are thrust generating portions, and the primary side element By making the thickness of the primary magnetic material satisfying the mechanical strength and making the magnetic flux density as thin as possible below the allowable value so that it is much longer than the remaining two sides of the It can be a small flat plate linear motor.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic external view of a linear induction motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the moving direction of the linear induction motor is the Z axis, and the thrust generating unit is expressed so as to be parallel to the ZX plane.

The linear induction motor is composed of a primary side element 10 that receives power and a secondary side element 20 that does not receive power. A vertical wheel 15 having a secondary element 20 fixed and supporting a load in the Y direction on a primary element movable in the Z direction.
Lateral wheels 152 are provided to support loads in the 1, X directions.

The secondary side element 20 has a Z-shaped XY plane in a U shape.
Secondary yoke 204 made of a magnetic material and extending in the Z direction, and secondary conductors 201, 20 made of a plate-shaped conductive material extending in the Z direction.
2 and. The secondary conductors 201 and 202 are provided on the inner surface of the secondary yoke 204.

The primary element 10 has a structure in which a plurality of primary coils 101, which are conductive materials, are wound in the Z direction on a primary core 103 made of a magnetic material, which is a rectangular parallelepiped and extends in the Z direction.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention taken along the XY plane. As shown in the figure, the secondary yoke 204 is U-shaped, and the secondary conductors 201 and 202 are provided on the primary coil side of the upper and lower secondary yokes in the figure.
Is provided. The magnetic flux generated by energizing the primary coil 101 reaches the upper portion, the lower portion, and the left portion of the secondary yoke 204 in the figure, respectively, and then the upper and lower magnetic flux passes through the inside of the primary core 103 in the traveling direction of the linear motor. Return to the secondary yoke 204.

In addition to the thrust, a suction force is generated between the primary side element and the secondary side element. They are shown in the figure. 1
They are F1 for attracting the next element to the negative side in the Y direction, F2 for attracting the positive element to the positive side, and F3 for attracting the negative element in the X direction.

Since the attraction forces F1 and F2 act in opposite directions, the load acting on the longitudinal wheel 151 is 0 in the ideal state.
Becomes Even if there is a difference between F1 and F2 due to the difference in the air gap in the thrust generating part, etc., the difference in suction force is much smaller than that of a flat linear induction motor in which the suction force works only on one side. Has stability comparable to induction motors.

The lateral force of the wheel 15 is also increased by the suction force F3.
2 certainly runs on the left side of the secondary yoke in the figure. Therefore, 1
The secondary element does not vibrate greatly in the X direction, and stable operation can be realized.

As for the shape of the primary coil 101, by making the sides contributing to thrust generation longer, that is, the upper and lower sides in the figure are long and the left side and right side short, the coil end portion which does not contribute to thrust generation can be shortened. The coil end portion will be described later.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the XZ plane of the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a primary core 103 provided with a primary coil 101.
Is formed by stacking plate-shaped magnetic materials such as silicon steel plates, and prevents magnetic flux from generating an eddy current in the primary core 103 itself and causing a decrease in efficiency.

The shape of the plate-shaped magnetic material is a rectangle provided with a groove so that the primary coil 101 can be mounted as shown in FIG. 4, and these are laminated as shown in FIG. core
Since 103 is assembled, it can be manufactured much easier than a cylindrical linear induction motor.

Instead of providing a groove in the silicon steel plate, the primary coil is laminated on the primary core formed by laminating rectangular silicon steel plates, and then the magnetic material is provided between the primary coils of the thrust generating section. It is also possible to attach the magnetic poles of the above to obtain a similar primary side element.

Rather than winding the primary coil around the grooved primary core, the primary coil can be assembled in advance after molding, so that there is an effect that it can be easily manufactured.

As shown in FIG. 3, the primary core 103 is connected to a U-shaped mechanism portion 105, a vertical wheel 151 and a lateral wheel 152 are provided in the mechanical portion 105, and a secondary yoke is provided.
It rolls on the running surface of 204 and supports it in the X and Y directions in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the YZ plane of the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, there are a plurality of primary coils 101, which are divided into three phases and wound. A moving magnetic field (rotating magnetic field in a rotating type) is generated by applying a three-phase alternating current to this primary coil.
Is generated in the secondary yoke 204, and the secondary conductor 20
An eddy current flows through the elements 1, 203, and a moving magnetic field from the primary coil crosses the eddy current, so that thrust is generated.
This is similar to the torque generation mechanism of a general linear induction motor.

In the present invention, since the secondary side element is fixed, the primary side element moves in the Z direction by the generated thrust.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a drive circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The primary coil 101 of the linear induction motor is connected to the three-phase inverter 301, and the three-phase inverter 301 allows a three-phase AC current of an arbitrary size and frequency to flow through the primary coil 101. Current detector 331 provided in two-phase coil of linear induction motor
The current is detected by, and the three-phase current feedback signal If is calculated by the current calculator 332.

Here, the position detector 311 detects the position of the moving primary-side element, and the position calculator 308 adjusts an appropriate control constant to make the position feedback signal P.
f. The speed detector 312 also detects the speed, and the speed calculator 307 adjusts an appropriate control constant to obtain the speed feedback signal Vf.

The above position feedback signal Pf is compared with the position command Pc, and the deviation thereof is adjusted in the control constant by the position controller 306 and output as the speed command Vc. This speed command Vc is input to the speed controller 302. Here, the speed command can be arbitrarily set according to the position deviation. Therefore, smooth acceleration / deceleration and quick acceleration / deceleration can be performed according to the load condition and the operating condition.

The speed controller 302 responds to the speed command by setting 2
Based on the velocity feedback signal Vf and the three-phase current feedback signal If of the secondary element, the drive frequency, the exciting current, and the thrust current are calculated, the corresponding three-phase current command is calculated, and the current command is given to the three-phase inverter 301. Is output. By the three-phase inverter 301, a three-phase AC current of an arbitrary size and frequency is supplied to the primary coil 10 of the linear induction motor.
Flow to 1.

As a result, an arbitrary speed to an arbitrary position,
The linear motor can be driven with an arbitrary acceleration / deceleration pattern.

According to this embodiment, the flat plate linear induction motor can be operated with an efficiency comparable to that of the cylindrical linear induction motor, so that a linear induction motor which is extremely easy to manufacture can be obtained.

FIG. 6 is an example in which the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to an elevator.

The car 401 is supported by the guide 405,
It can be moved up and down. The car 401 is a rope 402, and is connected to the primary side element 10 of the linear motor via pulleys 403 and 404. The secondary side element 20 is provided in parallel with the previous car 401, and the primary side element 10 has two
It is movable along the secondary element 20.

By supplying a three-phase alternating current to the primary side element 10, the primary side element 10 moves up and down, and the car 401 moves up and down accordingly.

As a result, the machine room for installing the motor for hoisting the elevator rope becomes unnecessary, and the height of the building can be reduced, and the construction cost of the machine room can be reduced.

In this example, the linear motor 1 of the car 401 is
Is arranged so that the thrust generating portion of the linear motor 1 is perpendicular to the side surface of the side, the opening of the secondary side element 20 is exposed to the car side, and the vertical position of the car 401 and the primary side element 10 is set. If they are displaced, the primary side element 10 can be easily attached and detached.

In the present embodiment, the primary side element of the linear motor is provided in the counter weight and the car is moved up and down via the rope, which is applied to a so-called rope type elevator.
It is also possible to apply the so-called low press elevator, in which the primary side element of the linear motor is provided in the car and the car is directly moved up and down. Also in this case, the same effect as that of the present embodiment can be obtained.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic external appearance of a linear induction motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the moving direction of the motor is the Z axis, and the air gap surface is expressed so as to be parallel to the ZX plane.

The linear induction motor is composed of a primary side element 10 that receives power supply and a secondary side element 20 that does not supply power. Extends in the Z direction and forms an E shape on the XY plane 2
The secondary element 20 is fixed and has a U-shape in the XY plane 1
Vertical wheel 15 in which the secondary element 10 supports the load in the Y direction
A lateral wheel 152 for supporting a load in the X direction is provided and is movable in the Z direction.

The secondary side element 20 has a Z-shaped XY plane.
Secondary yoke 204 made of a magnetic material and extending in the Z direction, and secondary conductors 201, 20 made of a plate-shaped conductive material extending in the Z direction.
2, 203. The secondary conductors 201 and 203 are provided on the inner surface of the secondary yoke 204. Secondary conductor 202
Are arranged between the primary elements 10.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the XY plane of the linear induction motor of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the secondary yoke 204 is U-shaped, and the upper part of the figure is the first.
And the lower part constitutes the magnetic material of the secondary side element of the second linear induction motor. The secondary conductor 201 is on the primary coil side of the secondary yoke of the first linear induction motor, the secondary conductor 203 is on the primary coil side of the secondary yoke of the second linear induction motor, and the secondary conductor is in the middle thereof. 202 are provided respectively. The secondary conductor 202 also serves as a secondary conductor of the first linear induction motor and the second linear induction motor.

The magnetic flux generated by energizing the primary coil 101 of the primary side element of the first linear induction motor generates the magnetic flux in the upper part and the left part of the secondary yoke 204 in the figure.
It reaches the primary core 104 of the primary side element of the second linear induction motor. Further, the magnetic flux generated by energizing the primary coil 102 of the primary side element of the second linear induction motor is the lower part and the left part of the secondary yoke 204 in the figure, the primary of the first linear induction motor. The primary core 103 of the side element is reached.

Of these, the magnetic flux reaching the primary core 104 of the second linear induction motor from the primary core 103 of the first linear induction motor and the primary core 104 of the second linear induction motor to the first core 104 of the second linear induction motor. Primary core 1 of the primary side element of the linear induction motor of
The attraction force generated by the magnetic flux reaching 03 acts between the primary core 103 of the first linear induction motor and the primary core 104 of the second linear induction motor. These primary cores are connected to each other by a mechanical portion, and displacement or the like due to a suction force does not occur.

A magnetic flux reaching the upper part of the secondary yoke 204 of the secondary element from the primary core 103 of the first linear induction motor generates a force F1 for attracting the primary element upward in the drawing. Also, from the primary core 104 of the second linear induction motor to the secondary yoke 20 of the secondary side element.
Due to the magnetic flux reaching the lower part of 4, a force F2 for attracting the primary side element is generated in the lower part of the figure.

On the other hand, from the primary core 103 of the first linear induction motor to the secondary yoke 204 of the secondary side element.
The magnetic flux that reaches the left side of the element generates a force F3 that attracts the primary-side element 10 in the left direction of the drawing. Similarly, due to the magnetic flux reaching the left part of the secondary yoke 204 of the secondary element from the primary core 104 of the second linear induction motor,
A force F4 for attracting the primary element 10 to the left in the drawing is generated.

Since the attraction forces F1 and F2 work in opposite directions, the load acting on the longitudinal wheel 151 is 0 in an ideal state.
Becomes Even if there is a difference between F1 and F2 due to the difference in voids,
It is much smaller than a flat plate linear induction motor, in which the suction force works only on one side, and is comparable to a cylindrical linear induction motor.

Further, by controlling the suction forces F1 and F2, the suction force as a whole can be reduced.

On the other hand, the lateral force of the lateral wheel 15 is increased by the suction force F3.
2 certainly runs on the left side of the secondary yoke in the figure. Therefore, 1
The secondary element does not vibrate greatly in the X direction, and stable operation can be realized.

The shape of the primary coil 101 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and by making the thrust generating portion, that is, the upper and lower sides of the figure long and the left and right sides short, the coil portion that does not contribute to thrust generation can be shortened. The coil end portion will be described later.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the XZ plane of the linear induction motor of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the primary coil of the first linear induction motor
The primary core 103 provided with 101 is formed by stacking plate-shaped magnetic materials such as silicon steel plates, and
An eddy current is generated in the next core 103 itself so that the efficiency is not lowered.

Further, the shape of the plate-shaped magnetic material is a rectangle having a groove so that the primary coil 101 can be mounted as shown in FIG. 4, and these are laminated as shown in FIG. core
Since 103 is assembled, it can be manufactured more easily than a cylindrical linear induction motor.

Further, as shown in the figure, the primary core 103 is connected to the U-shaped mechanism portion 105, and the longitudinal wheel 15 is
1, a lateral wheel 152 is provided on the mechanism portion 105, rolls on the traveling surface of the secondary yoke 204, and supports in the X and Y directions of FIG.

The above description with reference to FIG. 9 is also applicable to the case of the primary coil 102 of the second linear induction motor.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the YZ plane of the linear induction motor of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a primary side element 10 is a first primary side element 11 that constitutes a first linear induction motor, and a second primary side element 1 that constitutes a second linear induction motor.
2 and the primary coil 10 of the first primary-side element 11
There are a plurality of primary coils 102 of the first and second primary side elements, respectively, and the primary coils 102 are divided into three phases. When a three-phase alternating current is applied to the primary coil, a moving magnetic field (rotating magnetic field in the rotary type) is generated in the secondary yoke 204, and an eddy current flows in the secondary conductors 201, 202, 203.
As in the previous embodiment, the moving magnetic field from the primary coil crosses this eddy current to generate thrust.

In the present invention, since the secondary element is fixed, the primary element moves in the Z direction by the generated thrust.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a drive circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the first linear induction motor, the primary coil 101 is connected to the three-phase inverter 301, a three-phase AC current is supplied to the primary coil 101, thrust is generated, and the primary side element is Moving. The second linear induction motor has a similar structure.

Here, the position detector 311 detects the position of the moving primary side element, and the position calculator 308 adjusts an appropriate control constant to make the position feedback signal P.
f. The speed detector 312 also detects the speed, and the speed calculator 307 adjusts an appropriate control constant to obtain the speed feedback signal Vf.

The above position feedback signal Pf is compared with the position command Pc, and the deviation is adjusted by the position controller 306 as a control constant and output as the speed command Vc. This speed command Vc is input to the speed controllers 302 and 304 of the first and second linear induction motors.

The suction forces of the first and second linear induction motors are detected by suction force detectors 313 and 314, and the suction force calculators 309 and 310 adjust appropriate control constants to obtain the reference suction force. The force is compared with the force 305, and the deviation thereof is also output to the speed controllers 302 and 304, respectively.

The speed controllers 302 and 304 calculate the driving frequency, the exciting current and the thrust current based on the speed feedback Pf and the three-phase current feedback If of the motor according to the speed command, and the corresponding three-phase currents. Calculate the command, 3
The current command is output to the phase inverters 301 and 303. Three
By the phase inverters 301 and 303, a three-phase alternating current of arbitrary magnitude and frequency is passed through the primary coils of the first and second linear induction motors.

In this embodiment, the suction force of each of the first and second linear induction motors is calculated, these are compared with the reference suction force, and the deviation is calculated as the speed controller of the first and second linear induction motors. When the suction force deviation is positive (when the suction force is larger than the reference suction force), the speed controllers 302 and 304 reduce the thrust current, and the suction force deviation is negative. In this case (when the attraction force is smaller than the reference attraction force), the thrust current is reduced.

As a result, the attraction force changes as the thrust current increases and decreases, and is controlled so as to match the reference attraction force. Further, when the thrust current increases in order to increase the suction force of one of the first and second linear induction motors, the thrust current should be reduced by the increase of the suction force on one side and the suction force on the other side. The thrust generated by the combination of the first and second linear induction motors can be maintained at the thrust set based on the speed control.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, since the attraction forces in the directions of the thrust generating portions provided with the respective secondary conductors of the first and second linear induction motors are controlled to be equal, the wheels, Almost no force is applied to the road,
A linear induction motor with low noise and vibration and excellent durability can be obtained.

Further, shortening the gap for increasing the thrust is difficult because shortening the gap is difficult because the increase in suction force is larger than the increase in thrust and the load on the support mechanism such as the wheel increases. In the present embodiment, since the suction force can be controlled to be almost zero by control, the gap can be shortened and the thrust can be improved.

FIG. 12 shows an example in which the second embodiment of the present invention is applied to an elevator. As shown in the figure, the car 401 is supported by the guide 405 and is movable in the vertical direction. The car 401 is a rope 402 and pulleys 403 and 404.
And is connected to the primary side element 10 of the linear motor. The secondary side element 20 is provided in parallel with the previous car 401, and the primary side element 10 is movable along the secondary side element 20.

By supplying a three-phase alternating current to the primary element 10, the primary element 10 moves up and down, and the car 401 moves up and down accordingly.

As a result, the machine room for installing the motor for hoisting the elevator rope becomes unnecessary, and the height of the building can be reduced, and the construction cost of the machine room can be reduced.

Further, since the linear induction motor is low in noise and vibration and excellent in durability, noise and vibration of the elevator can be reduced and durability can be improved.

FIG. 13 shows a third embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an elevator. In this embodiment, the same parts as those in FIG. 6 in which the first embodiment is applied to the elevator are represented by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, motor guides 160 for guiding the primary side element 10 of the linear motor are provided on both sides of the primary side element 10, and the motor guides 160 are provided on the primary side element 10.
Wheels 153 having a traveling surface are provided. The wheels 153 are provided at the four corners of the primary element 10, and each corner has one
The one that suppresses the fluctuation of the secondary element 10 in the motor guide direction is one, and the one that suppresses the fluctuation of the primary element 10 in the secondary element direction (the direction in which the air gap changes) is the two thrust generators. One wheel is provided for each and a total of 12 wheels are provided. As a result, the primary side element 10 travels through the dedicated motor guide 160, so that a minute gap can be maintained, and efficiency and power factor can be improved.

By arranging the thrust generating portion in parallel with the car entrance / exit, the dead space can be reduced, and the floor area occupied by the car and the linear motor can be reduced. In addition, since the secondary side element 21 is not U-shaped but has the configuration in which the primary side element 10 is sandwiched, the traveling guide guide of the linear motor is performed by the rail that guides the counterweight of the elevator instead of the dedicated motor guide 160. Will also be possible.

FIG. 14 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention for reducing the width of the motor. FIG. 14 shows the XY cross-sectional shape of the secondary conductors 201 and 202 in the embodiment of FIG. 2 with the ends thickened.

Normally, in order to keep the secondary current density constant, 2
The end portion of the secondary conductor must protrude by the pole pitch compared to the width of the primary core. This is about 2 pole pitches at one end
It is one-third. Therefore, the width of the secondary conductor, that is, the width of the secondary element is increased.

By thickening the ends of the secondary conductor as in the present invention, the width of the ends can be reduced if the secondary current density is constant. Therefore, the width of the secondary-side element can be reduced, and miniaturization can be realized.

FIG. 15 shows a drive circuit as a fifth embodiment of the present invention for removing the influence of the suction force. In the embodiment of FIG. 11, instead of controlling the suction forces of the first and second linear induction motors to be the same, FIG. 15 is provided with a means of controlling the gaps to be the same.

The structure of this embodiment different from that of FIG. 11 will be described below. The air gaps of the thrust generating portions on the magnetic yoke side of the secondary side elements of the first and second linear induction motors are detected by the air gap detectors 329 and 330, and the air gap calculators 327 and 328 determine the appropriate control constants. The adjustment is performed and compared with the reference air gap 326, and the deviation thereof is output to the speed controllers 302 and 304, respectively.

In this embodiment, the air gaps of the first and second linear induction motors are calculated, these air gaps are compared with the reference air gap, and the deviation thereof is compared with the speed controller 302 of the first and second linear induction motors. When the deviation of the air gap is positive (when the air gap is smaller than the reference air gap), the speed controllers 302 and 304 reduce the thrust current, reduce the attraction force, and make the air gap deviation negative. In that case (when the air gap is smaller than the reference air gap), the thrust current is increased and the attractive force is increased.

As a result, of the two air gaps of the first and second linear induction motors, the suction force is small on the side where the gap is increased and the suction force is large on the side where the gap is decreased. With the difference, the two gaps are controlled so as to always match the reference gap.

When the thrust current increases in order to reduce the air gap in one of the first and second linear induction motors, it is necessary to decrease the suction force by one and the suction force in the other. The thrust current decreases, and the total thrust of the first and second linear induction motors can be maintained at the thrust set based on the speed control.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the air gaps of the first and second linear induction motors are controlled to be equal. Therefore, even if the vertical wheels 151 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 are removed, the vehicle can travel with a constant air gap maintained, and thus a linear induction motor with little noise and vibration and excellent durability can be obtained. it can.

FIG. 16 is an external view of the primary side element of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. This is a modification of the winding method of the primary coil 101 of the primary element of the embodiment of FIG. The details will be described below.

U-phase coil 11 which is a part of the primary coil 101
The 1, V-phase coil 112 and the W-phase coil 113 have different vertical relationships between the portion facing the thrust generating portion, that is, the left side and the right side in the drawing. The top and bottom of the figure are the moving directions of the mover,
A current is applied to the coil 101 so that the magnetic field moves in this direction.

For example, when currents are applied in the order of U, V and W phases, the magnetic field moves downward on the left side of FIG. On the contrary, on the right side of FIG. 16, the magnetic field moves upward. Therefore, the directions of the moving magnetic fields generated by the right thrust generating unit and the left thrust generating unit are opposite. In other words, the thrust forces generated on the right and left sides work in opposite directions.

FIG. 17 shows an example in which the sixth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a passenger conveyor. The figure shows a so-called moving sidewalk device for carrying passengers in the horizontal direction, and 411 is a pallet, on which a customer rides, and the pallet moves horizontally to carry the passenger. There are a plurality of pallets 411, which are mechanically connected to form a pallet row, which is turned by two rollers 410, is circulated and driven, and only the upper part is used for passenger transportation. A plurality of primary side elements 10 of FIG. 16 are arranged at intervals between the upper side and the lower side of the pallet 411, and the secondary side element 20 is provided on the side facing the primary side element of the pallet. .

With such a structure, the moving magnetic fields generated above and below the primary side element 10 will be as shown in FIG.
As described in the embodiment of the above, since it can occur in the opposite direction,
If one primary element generates thrust to the left with respect to the upper pallet row, it can generate thrust to the right with respect to the lower pallet row, making it a smooth pallet as a moving sidewalk. Can be driven.

As described above, since the coil portion of the non-thrust generating portion of the primary side element is shorter than the coil portion of the thrust generating portion, the vertical dimension of the primary side element of FIG. The pallet row interval can be shortened, and the device can be made thinner.

As another application, the primary side element of the embodiment of the present invention is provided on the trolley side of the carrier device in which the trolley is movably installed on the track, and the primary side element of the present invention is provided on the track side. By providing the secondary element, it is possible to obtain a transport device which is easy to manufacture and efficient while simplifying the structure by the linear motor.

Further, the secondary side element of the embodiment of the present invention is provided on the movable side of the escalator, and the secondary side element of the embodiment of the present invention is provided on the ground side.
By providing the secondary element, it is possible to obtain an escalator that is easy to manufacture and efficient while simplifying the structure by the linear motor.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the vertical wheels that hold the gap direction of the thrust generating portion are provided only at one end of the thrust generating portion, but they may be provided at both ends with the thrust generating portion sandwiched therebetween.

Although the wheel uses the magnetic material of the secondary element as the running surface, the conductive material of the secondary element, that is, the secondary conductor may be used as the running surface.

Instead of the wheel and the running surface, it is possible to provide a sliding member on the primary side element and the secondary side element to keep the gap by sliding.

Next, the coil end portion described above is replaced by the one shown in FIG.
A description will be given with reference to the secondary element configuration diagram.

Reference numerals 1A, 1B and 1C show the construction of the conventional primary side element, and 2A, 2B and 2C show the construction of the primary side element of the present application.

1A and 2A are external views of the primary side element, 1B and
2B is an external view of only the coil of the primary side element, and 1C and 2C are cross-sectional views of the primary side element.

In 1A, the coils are provided in three phases on one plane of the magnetic material. Therefore, for example, the U-phase coil is the U of the next slot.
In order to go to the phase, it overlaps with the V and W phase coils to form a large coil end portion. Also, as you can see from 1B, 1
Since the coil is wound on the plane, a plurality of coils are also formed in the coil end portion, and since the large Lb1 is formed as the coil invalid portion with respect to the coil effective portion La1, it becomes a factor of forming the large coil end portion. There is.

On the other hand, in the present application, as in 2A, 2B, and 2C, it is wound around the cross-section outer periphery of a rectangular parallelepiped magnetic material,
In the three phases of U, V and W phases, the coils only overlap, so the coil end portion can be formed small. Further, since the magnetic material has a minimum thickness that can withstand the magnetic flux density and strength, the coil ineffective portion Lb2 can be made extremely shorter than the coil effective portion Lb1, so that the efficiency loss due to the coil end portion can be minimized. It became possible to.

Although the linear induction motor has been shown in the above embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by shortening the coil end portion of a linear synchronous motor having a similar structure.

[0111]

According to the present invention, since the portion of the conductive material that does not contribute to the motor output, that is, the coil end portion can be made small, efficiency similar to that of the cylindrical linear motor can be obtained even in the flat plate linear motor. Therefore, a linear motor that is easy to manufacture and efficient can be obtained.

Further, since the structure and the control in which the suction forces are balanced are used, it is possible to obtain a linear motor which has a small load on the supporting mechanism such as the wheels, a small vibration and a noise, and an excellent durability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a linear induction motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an XY sectional view of the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an XZ sectional view of the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a YZ sectional view of the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a drive circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic external view when the linear induction motor of the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to an elevator.

FIG. 7 is a schematic external view of a linear induction motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an XY sectional view of a linear induction motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an XZ sectional view of a linear induction motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a YZ sectional view of a linear induction motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a drive circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic external view of a linear induction motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention applied to an elevator.

FIG. 13 is a schematic external view of a third embodiment in which the linear induction motor of the present invention is applied to an elevator.

FIG. 14 is an XY sectional view of a linear induction motor of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a drive circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a primary-side element of a linear induction motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic sectional view when the linear induction motor of the sixth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a moving walkway.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a coil end portion of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Primary side element, 20 ... Secondary side element, 101, 102
... primary coil (coil), 103, 104 ... primary magnetic material (primary core), 201, 202 ... secondary conductive material, 204 ...
Secondary magnetic material (secondary yoke).

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A primary side element composed of a coil and a magnetic material, and a secondary side element composed of a conductive material, a magnetic material, or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material. In the linear motor that generates thrust at the facing portion of the secondary element, the primary element is provided on the moving body side, and a cross section perpendicular to the traveling direction of the linear motor forms a quadrangle. A linear motor characterized in that the length of two opposing sides that face the secondary side element and generate thrust is longer than the length of the other side. 2. A primary side element comprising a coil and a magnetic material, and a secondary side element comprising a conductive material, a magnetic material, or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material. In a linear motor that generates thrust at a facing portion of a secondary element, two sets of the thrust generating portion are simultaneously formed by the primary element and the independent secondary element sharing the primary element. A linear motor characterized in that 3. A primary side element composed of a coil and a magnetic material, and a secondary side element composed of a conductive material, a magnetic material, or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material. In a linear motor in which a secondary element generates thrust at an opposing portion, the thrust generation portion is formed by only the primary element and the secondary element provided so as to sandwich the primary element. A linear motor characterized in that 4. A primary side element composed of a coil and a magnetic material, and a secondary side element composed of a conductive material, a magnetic material, or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material. In a linear motor that generates thrust at a facing portion of a secondary element, the primary coil is provided on a moving body side, and when the primary magnetic material is sectioned perpendicularly to the traveling direction, the traveling direction is on the outer periphery of the section. A linear motor characterized in that the secondary side element is wound along with, and the secondary side element is arranged so as to face the primary side element throughout the entire traveling process of the moving body. 5. A primary side element composed of a coil and a magnetic material, and a secondary side element composed of a conductive material, a magnetic material, or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material. A linear motor that generates thrust at a facing portion of a secondary element includes a coil that generates a magnetic flux in a linear motor traveling direction in a primary magnetic material, and the secondary element sandwiches the primary element. A linear motor that is arranged so as to generate a thrust force around the primary coil in common. 6. A primary element for generating a moving magnetic field, and
Two secondary-side elements provided so as to sandwich the secondary-side element are provided, and the two secondary-side elements and the respective ones facing each other are provided.
A linear motor having two surfaces of a secondary element as a thrust generating portion of a linear motor, in which a magnetic material arranged to face the other surface of the primary element and between the primary element and the magnetic material A linear motor comprising means for guiding relative movement between the primary-side element and the primary-side element using a generated magnetic attraction force. 7. A primary element that generates a moving magnetic field, and
Two secondary-side elements provided so as to sandwich the secondary-side element are provided, and the two secondary-side elements and the respective ones facing each other are provided.
In a linear motor having a thrust generating portion of a linear motor between two surfaces of a secondary element, guide means for holding a space between the primary element and the secondary element of the thrust generating portion is provided. A linear motor provided between a magnetic material of a secondary side element and the primary side element. 8. A primary side element composed of a coil and a magnetic material, and a secondary side element composed of a conductive material or a magnetic material or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material. In a linear motor that generates thrust at opposing portions of a secondary element, two primary elements provided in parallel with each other, and a secondary conductor sandwiched between these primary elements that also serve as the two primary elements And a linear motor having two secondary side elements facing the non-opposing surfaces of the two primary side elements with the secondary conductor. 9. A primary side element composed of a coil and a magnetic material, and a secondary side element composed of a conductive material, a magnetic material, or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material, wherein the primary side element is the secondary element. A linear motor configured to be sandwiched between secondary side elements, wherein the primary side element and the secondary side element each generate thrust at two opposing portions, and two surfaces that contribute to the generation of thrust by the primary side element. The linear motor is characterized in that each of the linear motors is provided with a moving magnetic field generating portion in which the traveling direction of the linear motor is opposite. 10. An elevator for raising and lowering a car between a plurality of floors in a hoistway, a conductive material provided behind the car in the hoistway and provided in parallel with an entrance / exit of the car, Alternatively, a secondary side element made of a magnetic material or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material, and a coil that is provided so as to be sandwiched between the secondary side element and that generates a linear motor thrust at a portion facing the secondary side element. An elevator comprising: a primary side element made of a magnetic material; and the car cage connected to and driven by the primary side element via a main rope. 11. In a passenger conveyor for driving passengers by driving treads connected to each other in an endless manner, a primary element made of a coil and a magnetic material, and an inner portion of the tread that circulates around the primary element. An endless secondary side element made of a conductive material, a magnetic material, or a combination of a conductive material and a magnetic material provided around the circumference, and a pair of the endless secondary side element and the primary side element facing each other. A man conveyer characterized in that each section is provided with a linear motor thrust generating section whose traveling direction is opposite.