JPH07332728A - Comfortable air conditioning controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a comfortable air conditioning controller, operating a PMV value to correct a set value in the air conditioning controller and realizing comfortable air conditioning atmosphere at all times for inhabitants. CONSTITUTION:An air conditioning controller, inputting measured signals from a sensor 6 having sensibilities with respect to the temperature, radiation temperature, air stream and humidity in the objective space 5 of air conditioning control and operating the amount of operation by comparing the measured values with objective,values so that differences become small to output an operating output to an air-conditioning machine 4, is equipped with a means 1, setting a clo-value and a met-value, which are corresponding to the representative amount of wearing and activity of a people existing in the air-conditioning space. Further, a means 2, employing the clo-value and the met-value set values from the amount of wearing and activity setting means to operate an average estimated hot and cold feeling report PMV value, and a means 3, setting and changing the objective value of control and the control gain of an air-conditioning controller employing the set values of clo-value as well as met-value and an operated PMV value, are equipped.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a comfortable air conditioning control system suitable for use in air conditioning equipment for buildings, and more particularly to improvements for a variety of behaviors such as the amount of clothes and sliding of a person.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an air conditioning control device, for example, an actual Kaihei 2-1
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 24427, the air conditioning control of the living space is performed so as to match the set value. However, what is important for the occupants is not that the temperature and humidity of the living space match the set values, but that a comfortable living environment can be obtained, and the set values are just this standard. In other words, there are individual differences, and in addition to temperature, comfort also changes when the environment in which radiation and air flow are dominant, or when the amount of clothing and the amount of activity differ from the general one.

In recent years, a PMV value (Predicted Mean Vote) has been specified as an index of human thermal sensation in ISO7730 or the like. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the calculation of the PMV value. The input variables of the PMV value calculation include temperature, humidity, radiant temperature and airflow as environmental factors, and the amount of activity and the amount of clothing as human factors. This is Fa
The PMV value is calculated by substituting it into the Nger equation. Here, Fanger's equation is supported by the heat balance equation of the human body and the subject experiment, and is expressed by the following equation. PMV = {0.303exp (-0.036M) +0.028} x (M-W-Ed-Es-Ere-Cre-RC) (1)

Here, M is a metabolic amount [W / m ² ], W is a mechanical work amount [W / m ² ], Ed is a dead evaporation amount [W / m ² ], Es
Is the amount of evaporation heat loss from the skin surface [W / m ² ], Ere is the amount of latent heat loss due to respiration [W / m ² ], Cre is the amount of sensible heat loss due to respiration [W / m ² ], and R is the radiation heat loss The amount [W / m ² ], C is the amount of convective heat loss [W / m ² ] (Source: Kenichi Kimura, "Architectural Environmental Studies"). As a result of this calculation, the calculated PMV value is -3.
It is in the range from +3 to +3. PMV = 0 represents a good condition in which it is neither hot nor cold, the + direction represents the warm direction, and the-direction represents the cold direction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the PMV value and PPD. Here, PPD is a prediction dissatisfaction rate (Predicte
d Percentage of Dissatisfication) shows the percentage of people who are thermally unsatisfied with a given environment. When the PMV value is 0, the PPD has a minimum value of 5%, and when the PMV value is ± 2, the PPD is approximately 80%. The optimum thermal environment is PPD less than 10%, that is, PMV
It is specified by ISO7730 that the value is within ± 0.5.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the amount of activity in a typical activity of a person. The amount of activity is the metabolic rate of the body surface,
It is represented by a met value, and is defined as 1 met = 58.15 [W / m ² ]. This met value is related to the variable M [W / m ² ] which is a variable used in Fanger's equation.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the amount of clothes in a typical case of wearing clothes by a person. The amount of clothes represents the thermal resistance of clothes and is represented by a clo value, and 1 clo = 0.155 [m ² K / W]
And is 0.0clo in the naked state. This clo value is related to the amount of heat loss R + C through the clothes, which is a variable used in Fanger's equation.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
As a device for calculating MV value, humidity, PMV value and c
There is known a device that calculates a PMV value by inputting a temperature, a radiation temperature, and an air flow, which are measured values of a sensible temperature sensor, with a lo value as a given condition. However, even if the PMV value is calculated, if it is not reflected in the setting value of the air-conditioning control device, there is a problem that a comfortable air-conditioning environment cannot be created for the occupants. In particular, in the case of structures that are used in various ways such as ball games and exhibitions, such as asena, arenas, and dome arenas, the influence of thermal elements other than temperature is large, and even if air conditioning control is performed It was not always comfortable for the person.

The present invention solves such a problem, and calculates a PMV value to correct the set value of the air conditioning control device, and a comfortable air conditioning control device that always realizes a comfortable air conditioning environment for most residents. The purpose is to provide.

[0010]

According to the present invention which achieves such an object, a measurement signal from a sensor 6 having sensitivity to temperature, radiation temperature, airflow and humidity of a space 5 to be air-conditioned is inputted. In the air conditioning control device that compares the measured value with the target value and calculates the operation amount so that the deviation becomes small, and outputs the operation output to the air conditioner 4, the representative of the persons present in the air conditioning control space. Means 1 for setting the clo value and the met value corresponding to the specific clothing amount and the activity amount, and the average predicted thermal sensation report (PMV) using the clo value and the met value setting value from the clothing amount / activity amount setting means. ) A means 2 for calculating a value, and a means 3 for setting / changing a control target value and a control gain of the air conditioning controller using the clo value, the met value set value and the calculated PMV value. as a feature That.

[0011]

In the present invention, the clothing amount / activity amount setting means sets the human element used for calculating the PMV value, which is suitable for the behavior pattern of the person in the air-conditioned space. The PMV value calculation means calculates the PMV value of the air conditioning control space using the human element sent from the clothing amount / activity amount setting means and the environmental element sent from the sensor. The setting value changing means is PMV
The set value of the air conditioning control device is changed so that the PMV value calculated by the value calculation means approaches the set PMV value. As a result, the air conditioning is performed according to the behavior of the person in the air-conditioning control space, and a comfortable living environment for most people can be realized.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
FIG. 3 is a configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, an air conditioner 4 supplies hot / cold air to an air-conditioning control space 5 through a duct.
It is composed of HU and F / C heater. The VAV is called a variable air volume method, and the air speed is made variable for sending air of a constant temperature to the duct. AHU is an air handling unit and corresponds to a blower. The F / C heater is a fan coil heater and corresponds to a heat exchanger. The air-conditioning control space 5 is a space that serves as a unit for air-conditioning control in a building. For example, in a high-rise building, each floor is independent as an air-conditioning control space. The air conditioner 4 is installed underground or every several floors, and handles several air conditioning control spaces 5 in parallel.

The sensible temperature sensor 6 measures temperature, radiation temperature, air flow and humidity, and outputs the sensible temperature after converting it into a substantial sensible temperature (for example, a product model name AS- manufactured by our company).
11). In addition, inside the building, the temperature of the wall surface of the building drops or rises extremely like the end of a long vacation in winter or summer, and the normal set temperature of the room is 22 to 26 ° C.
The radiation temperature becomes a problem when the deviation is large compared to the above, but the radiation temperature does not become a problem when the temperature of the building wall and the normal set temperature in the room are the same as in the daytime of spring and autumn. In addition, the air flow inside the building is 0.5 m /
Since it is about s, the contribution to the sensible temperature is considerably smaller than the temperature.

The air-conditioning control device 7 is a control device having a control calculation function such as a PID controller.
Is compared with the set value, the operation amount is calculated so that the difference between the two is reduced, and the operation output u is output to the air conditioner 4. Here, air volume, AH
Rotational speed of the motor corresponding to the air flow rate for U, and F /
The amount of energy supply corresponding to the heat balance to the C heater is the content of the operation output.

The central monitoring unit 1 sets a clo value and a met value corresponding to a typical clothing amount and activity amount of a person existing in the air conditioning control space 5. This setting may be performed by the operator, or the image information of the person in the air-conditioning control space 5 may be fetched using the TV monitor, and the clothing amount clo value may be applied to the table of FIG. 9 from the state of the clothing using the image recognition technology. Alternatively, the activity amount met value may be applied to the table of FIG. 8 from the motion of the person.

The PMV value calculator 2 calculates the average predicted thermal sensation PMV value using the clo value and met value set by the central monitoring unit 1. This calculation uses the above equation (1). The setting value changing unit 3 adjusts the air conditioning control device 7 so that the PMV value calculated by the PMV value calculating unit 2 approaches the PMV setting value.
Change the setting value of. This set value includes a control target value and a control gain.

The operation of the apparatus thus configured will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the change of the temperature set value T when the set value of the clothing amount clo is changed. A curve S is a relationship diagram between the PMV value calculated by the PMV value calculation unit 2 and the temperature TC, and clo = 0.7 (thin work clothes), met =
It is calculated based on 1.2 (sit and light work).
Incidentally, according to the sensible temperature output from the sensible temperature sensor 6, the influence of the radiation temperature and the air flow is reflected in the temperature TC.

Now, assuming that the resident is wearing a suit and a cotton coat, clo = 1.5, which changes like a curve. Here, the slope of the curve is smaller than the slope of the curve S because the thermal resistance increases with thick wear,
This is because even if the temperature fluctuates to some extent, the PMV value fluctuates less. Assuming that the temperature is TC, the point becomes P ₁ on the curve and the PMV value becomes a ₁ . This increases the proportion of residents who feel hot, which is not preferable. The temperature at which the PMV value becomes 0 on the curve is TC ₁ . Therefore, the PMV value calculator 2 has a new clo = 1.5.
If the PMV value a ₁ corresponding to is calculated and the set value changing unit 3 reduces the set temperature from TC to TC ₁ , the operating condition of the air conditioning controller 7 is controlled under the condition that the PMV value becomes zero. become.

Now, assuming that the occupant is wearing thin summer clothes, clo = 0.5, which changes like a curve. Here, the reason why the slope of the curve is larger than that of the curve S is that the thermal resistance decreases when the clothes are lightly worn, so that the PMV value greatly changes even if the temperature slightly changes. Now, assuming that the temperature is TC, the point becomes P ₂ on the curve, and the PMV value becomes a ₂ . This increases the proportion of residents who feel cold, which is not preferable. The temperature at which the PMV value becomes 0 on the curve is TC ₂ . Therefore, the PMV value calculation unit 2 has a new clo = 0.5.
If the PMV value a ₂ corresponding to is calculated and the set value changing unit 3 raises the set temperature from TC to TC ₂ , the operating condition of the air conditioning controller 7 is controlled under the condition that the PMV value becomes zero. become.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the change of the temperature set value T when the set value of the activity amount met is changed. Curve S
Is a relationship diagram between the PMV value calculated by the PMV value calculation unit 2 and the temperature TC, clo = 0.7 (thin work clothes), met =
It is calculated based on 1.2 (sit and light work).
Now, assuming that the resident is upright and active, met =
It becomes 2.0 and changes like a curve. Here, the slope of the curve becomes larger than the slope of the curve S because the metabolic rate and the body temperature become higher when the activity becomes active, and thus the sensitivity is felt even if the temperature is slightly changed. Now the temperature is TC
Then, in the curve, the point becomes P ₃ , and the PMV value becomes b ₃ . This increases the proportion of residents who feel hot, which is not preferable. The temperature at which the PMV value becomes 0 on the curve is TC ₃ . Therefore, the PMV value calculation unit 2 calculates the PMV value b ₃ corresponding to the new met = 2.0, and if the set value change unit 3 reduces the set temperature from TC to TC ₃ , the air conditioning control device 7 The operating condition is controlled under the condition that the PMV value becomes zero.

Now, assuming that the resident is lying down as if he or she were hospitalized, met = 0.6, which changes like a curve. Here, the reason why the slope of the curve is smaller than the slope of the curve S is that the metabolic rate becomes low when it becomes inactive, and therefore even if the temperature is slightly changed, it becomes insensitive to the change in the environment. Assuming that the temperature is TC, the curve has a point P ₄ and the PMV value is b ₄ . This increases the proportion of residents who feel cold, which is not preferable. The temperature at which the PMV value becomes 0 on the curve is TC ₄ . Therefore, the PMV value calculation unit 2 has a new m
If the PMV value b ₄ corresponding to et = 0.6 is calculated and the set value changing unit 3 raises the set temperature from TC to TC ₄ ,
The operating condition of the air conditioning controller 7 is controlled under the condition that the PMV value becomes zero.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, components having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, P
The MV sensor 8 is similar to the sensible temperature sensor 6 in that it measures the temperature, the radiation temperature, and the air flow of the air conditioning control space 5, but it is considered that the air conditioning control space 5 is an office space, and is a normal office work. Set work conditions. For example, the relative humidity is 50%, the amount of activity is 1.2 met, and the amount of clothing is a typical value of spring and autumn, 0.7 clo. Then, the PMV value is calculated using the measured temperature, radiation temperature, and airflow, and the calculated PMV value is output to the air conditioning controller 7.

The ΔPMV value calculation unit 9 uses the clo value and met value set by the central monitoring unit 1 and the standard clo value and met value set by the PMV sensor 8 to set P
The deviation (ΔPMV) of the MV value is calculated. The deviation PMV setting unit 10 calculates the deviation PMV calculated by the ΔPMV value calculation unit 9.
The PMV set value of the air conditioning controller 7 is changed using the value.
This ΔPMV is a typical cl as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
Since the o value and the met value are constant under standard environmental conditions, ΔPMV may be calculated in advance and prepared in a table format.

The operation of the thus constructed device will be described below. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining ΔPMV when the set value of the clothing amount clo is changed. A curve S is a relationship diagram between the PMV value calculated by the PMV value calculation unit 2 and the temperature TC.
It is calculated under the conditions of lo = 0.7 (thin work clothes) and met = 1.2 (sitting and light work). Now, if the resident wears a suit and a cotton coat, clo = 1.5, which changes like a curve. Here, the PMV value is 0
The point S is the temperature TC on the curve S, but is the temperature TC _{5 on the} curve. On the other hand, the PMV value on the curve S at the temperature TC ₅ is a ₅ . Therefore, the ΔPMV value calculation unit 9 calculates a ₅ as the deviation PMV, and the deviation PMV setting unit 10 changes the PMV setting value from 0 to a ₅ by the air conditioning control device 7.
If the air conditioner control device 7 is lowered to a value, the same operation as that under the condition that the PMV value becomes zero on the curve can be performed. Regarding the difference between the slope of the curve and the slope of the curve S, the influence that may affect the calculation of ΔPMV is ignored. The curve represents the case of clo = 0.5.

In the above embodiment, the air conditioning controller 7
The PMV set value of is shown as 0, but in the winter
0.5 for summer, +0.5 for summer, 0.0 for spring and autumn, and PM for each season
By changing the V set value, a comfortable environment can be obtained while contributing to energy saving.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, the clothing amount cl and the activity amount me depending on the person in the controlled space.
Since t is set and the PMV value is calculated and reflected in the set value of the air conditioning control device, there is an effect that the air conditioning control can be performed according to the activity of the resident. Further, according to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the above effect, the output of the PMV sensor 8 is used as the input of the air conditioning controller 7 without changing the PMV value. The structure for transmitting the output of the sensible temperature sensor 6 to the PMV calculation unit 2 is no longer necessary, which has the effect of reducing the work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a change in a temperature set value T when a set value of a clothing amount clo is changed.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a change in a temperature set value T when the set value of the activity amount met is changed.

FIG. 4 is a configuration block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5: ΔP when there is a change in the set value of the clothing amount clo
It is a figure explaining MV.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating calculation of a PMV value.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between PMV value and PPD.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an activity amount in a typical activity of a person.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an amount of clothes in a typical case of wearing clothes by a person.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Clothing amount / activity amount setting unit (central monitoring panel) 2 PMV calculation unit 3 Setting value changing unit 4 Air conditioner 5 Air conditioning control space 6 Body temperature sensor 7 Air conditioning control device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. The temperature of a space (5) to be controlled by air conditioning
Sensors sensitive to radiation temperature, air flow and humidity (6)
In the air-conditioning control device which inputs a measurement signal from, calculates the operation amount so that the deviation becomes small by comparing the measured value with the target value, and outputs an operation output to the air conditioner (4), Means (1) for setting a clo value and a met value corresponding to a typical clothing amount and activity amount of a person existing in the air-conditioning control space, and a clo value and me from this clothing amount / activity amount setting means.
Means (2) for calculating an average predicted thermal sensation declaration (PMV) value using the t value setting value, and PMV calculated with the clo value and the met value setting value
A comfortable air conditioning control device comprising: means (3) for setting / changing a control target value and a control gain of the air conditioning control device using the value. 2. The temperature of the space (5) to be controlled by air conditioning
Detects radiation temperature, air flow, humidity, etc., and becomes the standard cl
Average prediction of thermal sensation (PM) using o value and met value
V) The PMV sensor (9) for calculating the value and the measurement signal from the PMV sensor are input, the measured value is compared with the PMV set value, the operation amount is calculated so that the deviation becomes small, and the air conditioning is performed. An air conditioning control device (7) that outputs an operation output to a machine (4), and a means (1) for setting a clo value and a met value corresponding to a typical clothing amount and activity amount of a person existing in the air conditioning control space. ), The set value from the clothing amount / activity amount setting means, and the PM
Standard clo value and met set on the V sensor
A means (9, 10) for calculating a deviation (ΔPMV) of the PMV value using the calculated value and changing the PMV set value using the calculated deviation PMV value. Control device.