JPH07318630A - Electrooptic apparatus - Google Patents
Electrooptic apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07318630A JPH07318630A JP11297294A JP11297294A JPH07318630A JP H07318630 A JPH07318630 A JP H07318630A JP 11297294 A JP11297294 A JP 11297294A JP 11297294 A JP11297294 A JP 11297294A JP H07318630 A JPH07318630 A JP H07318630A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- target
- image
- photodetector
- distance
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、電子光学機器に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electro-optical device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図１１は従来の電子光学機器の構成を示
すもので、１は入射光を集光して結像するための光学
系、２ａは結像された光を光電変換する光検出器、３ａ
は光検出器２ａを駆動するとともにその出力を処理して
画像信号を出力する駆動処理器、４ａは懸架した光学系
１の視軸方向を駆動するとともに光学系１の視軸方向を
出力するサーボ機構、５ａは駆動処理器３ａからの出力
画像信号から目標を検出するとともにサーボ機構４ａか
らの視軸方向を用いて目標方位を算出する信号処理器、
６は自機の位置変化を検出する位置検出器、７は信号処
理器５ａからの目標方位と位置検出器６からの位置変化
とから目標との距離を次式によって算出する角度測距器
である。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 11 shows a configuration of a conventional electronic optical apparatus. Reference numeral 1 is an optical system for condensing incident light to form an image, and 2a is a photodetector for photoelectrically converting the formed light. Bowl, 3a
Is a drive processor for driving the photodetector 2a, processing the output thereof and outputting an image signal, and 4a is a servo for driving the visual axis direction of the suspended optical system 1 and outputting the visual axis direction of the optical system 1. The mechanism 5a is a signal processor that detects the target from the output image signal from the drive processor 3a and calculates the target azimuth using the visual axis direction from the servo mechanism 4a.
6 is a position detector that detects a change in the position of the own device, and 7 is an angle rangefinder that calculates the distance to the target from the target azimuth from the signal processor 5a and the position change from the position detector 6 by the following formula is there.
【０００３】[0003]
【数１】 [Equation 1]
【０００４】図１１の従来の装置において角度測距器７
は、目標を等速直線運動をしていると仮定し、一定時間
毎に視軸方向を測定した自機の位置を（ＸS1，ＹS1，Ｚ
S1）（ＸS2，ＹS2，ＺS2）（ＸS3，ＹS3，ＺS3）
（ＸS4，ＹS4，ＺS4）、目標の位置を（Ｘt1，Ｙt1，Ｚ
t1）（Ｘt2，Ｙt2，Ｚt2）（Ｘt3，Ｙt3，Ｚt3）、（Ｘ
t4，Ｙt4，Ｚt4）、目標の方位を（ψ1 ，θ1 ）（ψ
2 ，θ2 ）（ψ3 ，θ3 ）（ψ4 ，θ4 ）とすると、目
標は等速直線運動であるので、目標の相対位置には”数
１”の関係が成り立つとしていた。In the conventional device shown in FIG. 11, the angle range finder 7 is used.
Assumes that the target is moving in a straight line at a constant velocity, and the position of its own device, which measures the visual axis direction at regular intervals, is (X S1 , Y S1 , Z
S1 ) (X S2 , Y S2 , Z S2 ) (X S3 , Y S3 , Z S3 )
(X S4 , Y S4 , Z S4 ) and the target position is (X t1 , Y t1 , Z
t1 ) (X t2 , Y t2 , Z t2 ) (X t3 , Y t3 , Z t3 ), (X
t4 , Y t4 , Z t4 ), and the target azimuth is (ψ 1 , θ 1 ) (ψ
2 , θ 2 ) (ψ 3 , θ 3 ) (ψ 4 , θ 4 ), the target is a constant-velocity linear motion, and therefore, the relation of the target relative position is expressed by the equation (1).
【０００５】[0005]
【数２】 [Equation 2]
【０００６】また、目標方位と目標の位置には”数２”
の関係が成り立つとしていた。In addition, "number 2" is added to the target azimuth and the target position.
Was supposed to hold.
【０００７】[0007]
【数３】 [Equation 3]
【０００８】従って、目標の位置のＸt1，Ｘt2，Ｘ
t3は”数３”の行列を解くことによって求めていた。Therefore, X t1 , X t2 , X of the target position
t3 was calculated by solving the matrix of " Equation 3".
【０００９】[0009]
【数４】 [Equation 4]
【００１０】さらに、時刻ｔn における目標の相対位置
のＹtn，Ｚtnは”数４”より求めていた。Further, Y tn and Z tn of the target relative position at time t n are obtained from " Equation 4".
【００１１】[0011]
【数５】 [Equation 5]
【００１２】以上の処理によって求められた目標の位置
（Ｘt4，Ｙt4，Ｚt4）を、”数５”に代入することで目
標との距離ｒn を算出していた。The target position (X t4 , Y t4 , Z t4 ) obtained by the above process is substituted into "Equation 5" to calculate the distance r n to the target.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のような電子光学
機器を、例えば戦闘機に搭載し火器管制装置の一部とし
て使用する場合、短時間で測距できることと、脅威度の
判定ができることが要求されるが、上記従来の電子光学
機器では、目標との距離を算出するまでの時間が長く、
加えて目標の識別機能及び動向監視機能を保有していな
いという問題があった。When the above electro-optical device is mounted on, for example, a fighter and used as a part of a fire control system, it is possible to measure the distance in a short time and determine the degree of threat. Although required, in the above-mentioned conventional electro-optical device, it takes a long time to calculate the distance to the target.
In addition, there is a problem that it does not have a target identification function and trend monitoring function.
【００１４】この発明は、上記のような課題を解決する
ためになされたもので、目標との距離算出までの時間を
短縮できる電子光学機器を供給することを目的としてい
る。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an electro-optical device capable of shortening the time until the distance to the target is calculated.
【００１５】また、目標の機種を識別する電子光学機器
を供給することを目的としている。It is another object of the present invention to provide an electro-optical device that identifies a target model.
【００１６】また、目標の動向を監視する電子光学機器
を供給することを目的としている。It is another object of the present invention to provide an electro-optical device for monitoring the trend of the target.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明にかかる電子光
学機器においては、目標画像の画素数から目標との距離
を算出することで、距離算出に要する時間を短縮する機
能を設けた。The electro-optical device according to the present invention is provided with a function of shortening the time required for distance calculation by calculating the distance to the target from the number of pixels of the target image.
【００１８】また、目標画像の輝度から目標との距離を
算出することで、距離算出に要する時間を短縮する機能
を設けた。Further, a function is provided to reduce the time required for distance calculation by calculating the distance from the target from the brightness of the target image.
【００１９】また、目標方位と自機の位置変化とから目
標との距離を算出し、算出した距離と目標画像の画素数
を用いて目標の面積を求めることで、目標の機種を識別
する機能を設けた。A function of identifying the target model by calculating the distance to the target from the target azimuth and the change in the position of the own device and obtaining the target area using the calculated distance and the number of pixels of the target image. Was set up.
【００２０】また、測距装置からの目標との距離情報と
目標画像の画素数を用いて目標の面積を求めることで、
目標の機種を識別する機能を設けた。Further, by obtaining the area of the target by using the distance information to the target from the distance measuring device and the number of pixels of the target image,
A function was provided to identify the target model.
【００２１】また、目標画像の輝度または輝度の時間変
化から目標を識別する機能を設けた。Further, a function is provided for identifying the target from the brightness of the target image or the time change of the brightness.
【００２２】また、複数波長帯の目標画像の輝度または
輝度の時間変化から目標を識別する機能を設けた。Further, a function is provided for identifying the target from the brightness of the target image in a plurality of wavelength bands or the time change of the brightness.
【００２３】[0023]
【作用】この発明における電子光学機器では、目標画像
の画素数から目標との距離を算出することで、距離算出
に要する時間を短縮する。In the electro-optical device according to the present invention, the distance to the target is calculated from the number of pixels of the target image, thereby shortening the time required for calculating the distance.
【００２４】また、目標画像の輝度から目標との距離を
算出することで、距離算出に要する時間を短縮する。Further, by calculating the distance from the target from the brightness of the target image, the time required for calculating the distance can be shortened.
【００２５】また、目標方位と自機の位置変化とから目
標との距離を算出し、算出した距離と目標画像の画素数
を用いて目標の面積を求めることで、目標の機種を識別
する。Further, the target model is identified by calculating the distance to the target from the target azimuth and the change in the position of the own machine and obtaining the target area using the calculated distance and the number of pixels of the target image.
【００２６】さらに、例えばレーダ装置等の他の測距装
置からの目標との距離情報と目標画像の画素数を用いて
目標の面積を求めることで、目標の機種を識別する。Further, the target model is identified by obtaining the target area by using the distance information to the target from another distance measuring device such as a radar device and the number of pixels of the target image.
【００２７】また、目標画像の輝度または輝度の時間変
化から目標を識別する。Further, the target is identified from the brightness of the target image or the time change of the brightness.
【００２８】また、複数波長帯の目標画像の輝度または
輝度の時間変化から目標を識別する。Further, the target is identified from the brightness of the target image in a plurality of wavelength bands or the time change of the brightness.
【００２９】[0029]
実施例１．図１はこの発明における一実施例を示す図で
あり、１，２ａ，３ａは従来の装置と同一、４ｂは懸架
した光学系１の視軸方向を駆動するサーボ機構、５ｂは
駆動処理器３ａの出力画像信号から目標を検出するとと
もに目標画像の画素数を計測する信号処理器、８は信号
処理器５ｂからの目標画像の画素数を用いて、例えば目
標は航空機目標のなかで最も脅威度の高い戦闘機であ
り、正面から接近することを前提として、目標との距離
及び目標の相対速度を算出する面積測距器である。図２
は正面から接近する戦闘機目標の目標画像を示した図で
ある。Example 1. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals 1, 2a and 3a are the same as those of a conventional apparatus, 4b is a servo mechanism for driving the suspended optical system 1 in the visual axis direction, and 5b is a drive processor 3a. Signal processor for detecting the target from the output image signal and measuring the number of pixels of the target image, and 8 using the number of pixels of the target image from the signal processor 5b, for example, the target is the most dangerous degree among the aircraft targets. It is a high fighter, and is an area rangefinder that calculates the distance to the target and the relative speed of the target on the assumption that they approach from the front. Figure 2
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a target image of a fighter target approaching from the front.
【００３０】[0030]
【数６】 [Equation 6]
【００３１】例えば、面積測距器８は、正面から接近す
る戦闘機目標は図２に示す画像となることから、正面か
ら見た戦闘機の面積をあらかじめ保持しておくことによ
り、正面から見た戦闘機の面積Ｓと、目標画像の画素数
ｄと、一画素が見張る角度ｋ１と、目標距離ｒとの間に
成り立つ関係式”数６”より、目標画像の面積ｄから戦
闘機目標の距離ｒを算出する。例えば、脅威となる戦闘
機の正面から見た目標が１０ｍ2 とする場合、一画素の
見張る角度が１ｍｒａｄ×１ｍｒａｄである光検出器を
用いて得られた目標画像の画素数が１０画素であったと
すると、目標の距離は１０００ｍと算出される。For example, in the area range finder 8, since the fighter target approaching from the front becomes the image shown in FIG. 2, the area of the fighter seen from the front is held in advance so that the fighter sees from the front. The area S of the fighter, the number d of pixels of the target image, the angle k1 at which one pixel is watched, and the target distance r Calculate the distance r. For example, if the target seen from the front of the fighter, which is a threat, is 10 m 2 , then the number of pixels in the target image obtained using a photodetector with a 1-pixel watching angle of 1 mrad × 1 mrad is 10 pixels. Then, the target distance is calculated to be 1000 m.
【００３２】[0032]
【数７】 [Equation 7]
【００３３】また２つの異なる時刻ｔ0 ，ｔ1 （＝ｔ0
＋Δｔ）における目標画像の面積ｄt0，ｄt1から求めた
戦闘機目標との距離ｒt0，ｒt1から”数７”より戦闘機
目標の相対速度ｄｒを求める。Two different times t 0 , t 1 (= t 0
+ Δt), the relative velocity dr of the fighter target is calculated from “Equation 7” from the distances r t0 and r t1 to the fighter target calculated from the areas d t0 and d t1 of the target image.
【００３４】実施例２．図３はこの発明における他の実
施例を示す図であり、１，２ａ，３ａは従来の装置と同
一、４ｂは実施例１と同一、５ｃは駆動処理器３の出力
画像信号から目標を検出するとともに目標画像の各画素
の輝度を計測する信号処理器、９は信号処理器５ｃから
の目標画像の各画素の輝度を用いて、目標画像の平均輝
度及び平均輝度の時間変化を求め、目標との距離及び目
標の相対速度を算出する輝度測距器である。図４は目標
との距離と輝度との関係を示した図である。Example 2. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals 1, 2a and 3a are the same as those of the conventional apparatus, 4b is the same as that of the first embodiment, and 5c is a target detected from the output image signal of the drive processor 3. A signal processor that measures the brightness of each pixel of the target image, and 9 uses the brightness of each pixel of the target image from the signal processor 5c to obtain the average brightness of the target image and the time change of the average brightness, and the target It is a luminance range finder that calculates the distance to and the target relative speed. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the distance to the target and the brightness.
【００３５】図３の構成において、輝度測距器９は、目
標の輝度と距離との間に図４に示す関係があることか
ら、目標の平均輝度データを距離を変数としてあらかじ
め保持しておき、目標画像の各画素の輝度から目標画像
の平均輝度を求め、あらかじめ保持しておいた目標の平
均輝度と照合して、目標画像の輝度と保持データとが一
致する距離を目標との距離と判定する。In the configuration of FIG. 3, the luminance range finder 9 holds the target average luminance data in advance with the distance as a variable, because the relationship between the target luminance and the distance is as shown in FIG. , The average brightness of the target image is calculated from the brightness of each pixel of the target image, and the average brightness of the target that has been held in advance is compared, and the distance at which the brightness of the target image and the held data match is the distance to the target. judge.
【００３６】また２つの異なる時刻ｔ0 ，ｔ1 （＝ｔ0
＋Δｔ）における目標画像の輝度ｈt1，ｈt2から求めた
目標との距離ｒt0，ｒt1から”数７”より目標の相対速
度ｄｒを求める。Two different times t 0 , t 1 (= t 0
At + Δt), the target relative speed dr is calculated from "Equation 7" from the distances r t0 and r t1 to the target calculated from the brightness h t1 and h t2 of the target image.
【００３７】実施例３．図５はこの発明における他の実
施例を示す構成図であり、１，２ａ〜４ａ，６，７は従
来の装置と同一、５ｄは駆動処理器３ａの出力画像信号
から目標を検出し、目標画像の画素数を計測するととも
にサーボ機構４ａからの視軸方向から目標方位を算出す
る信号処理器、１０は信号処理器５ｄからの目標画像の
画素数と角度測距器７からの目標との距離とから目標の
面積を求め、例えば目標が爆撃機、戦闘機、ミサイルの
いずれであるかを識別する面積機種識別器である。Example 3. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals 1, 2a to 4a, 6, 7 are the same as those of the conventional apparatus, and 5d is a target for detecting a target from an output image signal of the drive processor 3a. The signal processor 10, which measures the number of pixels of the image and calculates the target azimuth from the direction of the visual axis from the servo mechanism 4a, includes the number of pixels of the target image from the signal processor 5d and the target from the angle range finder 7. It is an area type identifier for determining the area of the target from the distance and for identifying whether the target is a bomber, a fighter, or a missile.
【００３８】[0038]
【数８】 [Equation 8]
【００３９】例えば面積機種識別器１０を、爆撃機の面
積Ｓ１と戦闘機の面積Ｓ２とミサイルの面積Ｓ３との間
にはＳ１＞Ｓ２＞Ｓ３の関係があることを用いて、爆撃
機の面積Ｓ１、戦闘機の面積Ｓ２、ミサイルの面積Ｓ３
をあらかじめ保持しておき、角度測距器７からの目標の
距離ｒと信号処理器５ｄからの目標画像の画素数ｄと、
一画素が見張る角度ｋ１との間に成り立つ関係式が”数
８”より、目標の面積Ｓを算出して、保有データのＳ
１，Ｓ２，Ｓ３と比較して、目標の面積ＳがＳ１，Ｓ
２，Ｓ３のいずれの面積に最も近い値であるかを判定す
ることで、目標が爆撃機、戦闘機、ミサイルのいずれで
あるかを識別するように構成する。For example, the area model identifier 10 is used to show that the area S1 of the bomber, the area S2 of the fighter, and the area S3 of the missile have a relationship of S1>S2> S3. S1, fighter area S2, missile area S3
Is held in advance, and the target distance r from the angle range finder 7 and the pixel number d of the target image from the signal processor 5d,
The target area S is calculated from the relational expression “Equation 8” that holds between the angle k1 at which one pixel is watched, and S of the held data is calculated.
Compared with 1, S2, S3, the target area S is S1, S
It is configured to identify whether the target is a bomber, a fighter, or a missile by determining which of the areas 2 and S3 has the closest value.
【００４０】実施例４．また、図６に示す実施例のよう
に、実施例３の図５に示した位置検出器６と角度測距器
７との代わりに目標との距離を測定する測距装置とし
て、例えばレーダ装置１１を用いることで、同様の効果
が期待できる。Example 4. Further, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, instead of the position detector 6 and the angle range finder 7 shown in FIG. 5 of the third embodiment, as a range finder for measuring a distance to a target, for example, a radar device By using 11, the same effect can be expected.
【００４１】実施例５．図７はこの発明における他の実
施例を示す構成図であり、１は従来の装置と同一、４ｂ
は実施例１と同一、５ｃは実施例２と同一、２ｂは３〜
５μｍ帯の赤外光を光電変換する光検出素子を使用した
光検出器、３ｂは光検出器２ｂを駆動するとともにその
出力を処理して画像信号を出力する駆動処理器、１２は
信号処理器５からの目標画像の各画素の輝度から、目標
画像の平均輝度を算出して輝度の時間変化を求めて、例
えば戦闘機目標のアフターバーナー使用・火器発射有無
等の目標の動向を監視する輝度目標識別器である。図８
は一例として戦闘機がアフターバーナーを使用した場合
と、火器を発射した場合の目標からの３〜５μｍ帯放射
輝度の時間変化を示した図であり、８１はアフターバー
ナー使用目標、８２は火器発射目標を示している。Example 5. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is the same as the conventional device, 4b.
Is the same as in Example 1; 5c is the same as Example 2;
A photodetector using a photodetector that photoelectrically converts infrared light in the 5 μm band, 3b drives the photodetector 2b, processes the output thereof, and outputs an image signal, and 12 denotes a signal processor. From the brightness of each pixel of the target image from 5, the average brightness of the target image is calculated and the time change of the brightness is obtained, and for example, a brightness target that monitors the trend of the target such as afterburner use of the fighter target and whether or not firearms are fired It is a discriminator. Figure 8
Is a diagram showing a temporal change of 3-5 μm band radiance from a target when a fighter uses an afterburner and when firing a firearm as an example, 81 is an afterburner use target, and 82 is a firearm firing target. Shows.
【００４２】例えば、輝度目標識別器１２は、戦闘機目
標がアフターバーナーを使用した場合と、火器を発射し
た場合とを、３〜５μｍ帯での目標の放射輝度の減衰時
の時間変化率に図８に示す特性の違いがあることを用い
て、識別するように構成する。For example, the brightness target discriminator 12 shows the time change rate when the radiance of the target is attenuated in the 3 to 5 μm band when the fighter target uses the afterburner and when the firearm is fired. It is configured to be identified by using the difference in characteristics shown in FIG.
【００４３】実施例６．図９はこの発明における他の実
施例を示す構成図であり、１は従来の装置と同一、４ｂ
は実施例１と同一、２ｂは３〜５μｍ帯の赤外光を光電
変換する光検出器、２ｃは８〜１２μｍ帯の赤外光を光
電変換する光検出器、３ｂは光検出器２ｂを駆動すると
ともにその出力を処理して画像信号を出力する駆動処理
器、３ｃは光検出器２ｃを駆動するとともにその出力を
処理して画像信号を出力する駆動処理器、５ｅは駆動処
理器３ｂと駆動処理器３ｃ各々の出力画像信号から目標
を検出するとともに目標画像の３〜５μｍ帯での各画素
の輝度と８〜１２μｍ帯での各画素の輝度とを計測する
信号処理器、１３は信号処理器５ｅからの目標画像の３
〜５μｍ帯での各画素の輝度と８〜１２μｍ帯での各画
素の輝度とから、３〜５μｍ及び８〜１２μｍ各々の波
長帯における目標画像の平均輝度を算出して、各々の波
長帯での目標画像の平均輝度の時間変化を求めて、目標
が接近・離隔・並進のいずれの状態にあるかを識別する
とともに、例えばアフターバーナー使用・火器発射の有
無を識別する複数波長輝度目標識別器である。図１０は
例えば戦闘機目標が接近・離隔・並進している場合に、
目標が発射する８〜１２μｍ帯での輝度の変化を示した
図であり、１０１は並進目標、１０２は接近目標、１０
３は離隔目標である。また、３〜５μｍ帯での目標の放
射輝度についても図１１と同様に、目標の相対運動によ
る変化特性がある。Example 6. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, 1 being the same as the conventional apparatus, 4b
Is the same as in Example 1, 2b is a photodetector for photoelectrically converting infrared light in the 3 to 5 μm band, 2c is a photodetector for photoelectrically converting infrared light in the 8 to 12 μm band, and 3b is a photodetector 2b. A drive processor 3c for driving and processing the output thereof to output an image signal, a drive processor 3c for driving the photodetector 2c and processing the output thereof and outputting an image signal, 5e is a drive processor 3b. A signal processor for detecting the target from the output image signal of each drive processor 3c and measuring the luminance of each pixel in the 3-5 μm band and the luminance of each pixel in the 8-12 μm band of the target image, and 13 is a signal 3 of the target image from the processor 5e
The average brightness of the target image in each wavelength band of 3 to 5 μm and 8 to 12 μm is calculated from the brightness of each pixel in the ˜5 μm band and the brightness of each pixel in the 8 to 12 μm band, and In addition to identifying whether the target is approaching, separating, or translating by obtaining the time change of the average brightness of the target image of, the multi-wavelength brightness target classifier that identifies the use of afterburner and the presence or absence of firearm firing is there. Figure 10 shows, for example, when a fighter target is approaching, separating, or translating,
It is the figure which showed the change of the brightness | luminance in the 8-12 micrometer band which a target emits, 101 is a translational target, 102 is an approach target, 10
3 is a separation target. Similarly to FIG. 11, the target radiance in the 3 to 5 μm band also has a change characteristic due to the relative movement of the target.
【００４４】複数波長輝度目標識別器１３は、戦闘目標
が接近・離隔・並進している場合に、目標の輝度変化に
例えば図１０に示す８〜１２μｍ帯の放射輝度特性の違
いがあることを用いて、戦闘目標が接近・離隔・並進の
いずれの状態にあるかを識別するとともに、上記実施例
５の輝度目標識別器１２と同一の方法で目標のアフター
バーナー使用・火器発射の有無を識別する。例えば、８
〜１２μｍ帯での目標の画像の輝度変化が増加方向にあ
る場合は、接近、減少方向にある場合は離隔・変化がな
い場合は並進と判定する。目標の運動方向の識別につい
ては、もちろん３〜５μｍ帯の輝度変化を用いても良
い。また、両波長を融合した処理を行っても良い。The multi-wavelength luminance target discriminator 13 determines that when the battle target is approaching, separating, or translating, there is a difference in the target luminance change, for example, in the radiance characteristic in the 8 to 12 μm band shown in FIG. It is used to identify whether the battle target is in the approaching, separating, or translating state, and also to identify whether the target afterburner is used or whether the firearm is fired by the same method as the luminance target discriminator 12 of the fifth embodiment. . For example, 8
When the change in the luminance of the target image in the .about.12 .mu.m band is in the increasing direction, it is determined to approach, and when it is in the decreasing direction, it is determined to be the translation when there is no separation / change. For identification of the target movement direction, it is of course possible to use a luminance change in the 3 to 5 μm band. Moreover, you may perform the process which fused both wavelengths.
【００４５】この発明における電子光学機器では、目標
画像の画素数から目標との距離を算出することで、距離
算出に要する時間を短縮できる。In the electro-optical device according to the present invention, by calculating the distance to the target from the number of pixels of the target image, the time required for calculating the distance can be shortened.
【００４６】また、目標画像の輝度から目標との距離を
算出することで、距離算出に要する時間を短縮できる。Further, by calculating the distance to the target from the brightness of the target image, the time required for calculating the distance can be shortened.
【００４７】また、目標方位と自機の位置変化とから目
標との距離を算出し、算出した距離と目標画像の画素数
を用いて目標の面積を求めることで、目標の機種を識別
できる。Further, the target model can be identified by calculating the distance to the target from the target azimuth and the change in the position of the own machine and obtaining the target area using the calculated distance and the number of pixels of the target image.
【００４８】さらに、測距装置からの目標との距離情報
と目標画像の画素数を用いて目標の面積を求めること
で、目標の機種を識別できる。Further, the target model can be identified by obtaining the target area using the distance information to the target from the distance measuring device and the number of pixels of the target image.
【００４９】また、目標画像の輝度または輝度の時間変
化から目標を識別できる。Further, the target can be identified from the brightness of the target image or the time change of the brightness.
【００５０】また、複数波長帯の目標画像の輝度または
輝度の時間変化から目標を識別できる。Further, the target can be identified from the brightness of the target image in a plurality of wavelength bands or the time change of the brightness.
【００５１】[0051]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、この発明における
電子光学機器では、目標測距時間の短縮、目標の識別が
可能となり、使い勝手の高機能な電子光学機器を入手で
きるという利点がある。As described above, the electronic optical device according to the present invention has the advantages that the target distance measuring time can be shortened and the target can be identified, and the highly functional electronic optical device can be obtained.
【図１】この発明の実施例１を示す構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】正面から接近する戦闘機目標の目標画像を示す
図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a target image of a fighter target approaching from the front.
【図３】この発明の実施例２を示す構成図である。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】目標の距離と輝度との関係を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a target distance and brightness.
【図５】この発明の実施例３を示す構成図である。FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】この発明の実施例４を示す構成図である。FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】この発明の実施例５を示す構成図である。FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】３〜５μｍ帯での目標の輝度変化を示す図であ
る。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a target luminance change in a 3 to 5 μm band.
【図９】この発明の実施例６を示す構成図である。FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１０】８〜１２μｍ帯での目標の輝度変化を示す図
である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a target luminance change in an 8 to 12 μm band.
【図１１】従来の電子光学機器を示す構成図である。FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional electro-optical device.
１ 光学系 ２ 光検出器 ３ 駆動処理器 ４ サーボ機構 ５ 信号処理器 ６ 位置検出器 ７ 角度測距器 ８ 面積測距器 ９ 輝度測距器 １０ 面積機種識別器 １１ レーダ装置 １２ 輝度目標識別器 １３ 複数波長輝度目標識別器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optical system 2 Photodetector 3 Drive processor 4 Servo mechanism 5 Signal processor 6 Position detector 7 Angle range finder 8 Area range finder 9 Brightness range finder 10 Area model classifier 11 Radar device 12 Brightness target classifier 13 Multi-wavelength luminance target classifier
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 黒川 孝 鎌倉市上町屋325番地 三菱電機株式会社 鎌倉製作所内Front page continuation (72) Inventor Takashi Kurokawa 325 Kamimachiya, Kamakura City Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Kamakura Factory
Claims (6)
と、結像された光を光電変換する光検出器と、前記光検
出器を駆動するとともにその出力を処理して画像信号を
出力する駆動処理器と、前記光学系を懸架し視軸方向を
駆動するサーボ機構と、前記駆動処理器の出力画像信号
から目標を検出するとともに目標画像の画素数の計測を
行う信号処理器と、前記信号処理器からの目標画像の画
素数及び画素数の時間変化から目標との距離及び目標の
相対速度を算出する面積測距器とを有することを特徴と
する電子光学機器。1. An optical system for collecting and forming an image of incident light, a photodetector for photoelectrically converting the formed light, and a photodetector for driving the photodetector and processing the output thereof. , A servo mechanism that suspends the optical system and drives in the visual axis direction, and a signal processor that detects the target from the output image signal of the drive processor and measures the number of pixels of the target image. And an area range finder for calculating the distance to the target and the relative velocity of the target from the number of pixels of the target image from the signal processor and the temporal change of the number of pixels.
と、結像された光を光電変換する光検出器と、前記光検
出器を駆動するとともにその出力を処理して画像信号を
出力する駆動処理器と、前記光学系を懸架し視軸方向を
駆動するサーボ機構と、前記駆動処理器の出力画像信号
から目標を検出するとともに目標画像の輝度の計測を行
う信号処理器と、前記信号処理器からの目標画像の輝度
及び輝度の時間変化から目標との距離及び目標の相対速
度を算出する輝度測定器とを有することを特徴とする電
子光学機器。2. An optical system for condensing and forming an image of incident light, a photodetector for photoelectrically converting the formed light, and a photodetector which drives the photodetector and processes its output. A drive processor that outputs a signal, a servo mechanism that suspends the optical system and drives the visual axis direction, and a signal processor that detects a target from the output image signal of the drive processor and measures the brightness of the target image. And a brightness measuring device for calculating a distance to the target and a relative speed of the target from the brightness of the target image from the signal processor and a temporal change of the brightness.
と、結像された光を光電変換する光検出器と、前記光検
出器を駆動するとともにその出力を処理して画像信号を
出力する駆動処理器と、前記光学系を懸架し視軸方向を
駆動するとともに前記光学系の視軸方向を出力するサー
ボ機構と、前記駆動処理器からの出力画像信号から目標
を検出するとともに目標画像の画素数の計測を行い、前
記サーボ機構からの視軸方向を用いて目標方位を算出す
る信号処理器と、自機の位置変化を検出する位置検出器
と、前記信号処理器からの目標方位と前記位置検出器か
らの位置変化信号とから目標との距離を算出する角度測
距器と、前記角度測距器からの目標との距離情報と前記
信号処理器からの目標画像の画素数とを用いて目標の機
種を識別する面積機種識別器とを有することを特徴とす
る電子光学機器。3. An optical system for collecting and forming an image of incident light, a photodetector for photoelectrically converting the formed light, and a photodetector for driving the photodetector and processing the output thereof. And a servo mechanism that drives the visual axis direction by suspending the optical system and outputs the visual axis direction of the optical system, and detects a target from an output image signal from the drive processor. A signal processor that measures the number of pixels of the target image and calculates a target azimuth using the visual axis direction from the servo mechanism, a position detector that detects a position change of the own device, and a signal processor from the signal processor. An angle range finder that calculates the distance to the target from the target azimuth and the position change signal from the position detector, distance information to the target from the angle range finder, and pixels of the target image from the signal processor Area model that identifies target model using number and An electro-optical device having a discriminator.
と、結像された光を光電変換する光検出器と、前記光検
出器を駆動するとともにその出力を処理して画像信号を
出力する駆動処理器と、前記光学系を懸架し視軸方向を
駆動するサーボ機構と、前記駆動処理器からの出力画像
信号から目標を検出するとともに目標画像の画素数の計
測を行う信号処理器と、目標との距離を測定する測距装
置と、前記測距装置からの目標との距離情報と前記信号
処理器からの目標画像の画素数とを用いて目標の機種を
識別する面積機種識別器とを有することを特徴とする電
子光学機器。4. An optical system for condensing and forming an image of incident light, a photodetector for photoelectrically converting the formed light, and an image signal for driving the photodetector and processing the output thereof. A drive processor that outputs a signal, a servo mechanism that suspends the optical system and drives the visual axis direction, and a signal processing that detects a target from an output image signal from the drive processor and measures the number of pixels of the target image. Device, a distance measuring device for measuring the distance to the target, an area model for identifying the target model using the distance information to the target from the distance measuring device and the number of pixels of the target image from the signal processor An electro-optical device having a discriminator.
と、結像された光を光電変換する光検出器と、前記光検
出器を駆動するとともにその出力を処理して画像信号を
出力する駆動処理器と、前記光学系を懸架し視軸方向を
駆動するサーボ機構と、前記駆動処理器からの出力画像
信号から目標を検出するとともに目標画像の輝度の計測
を行う信号処理器と、前記信号処理器からの目標画像の
輝度または輝度の時間変化から目標を識別する輝度目標
識別器を有することを特徴とする電子光学機器。5. An optical system for collecting and forming an image of incident light, a photodetector for photoelectrically converting the formed light, and a photodetector for driving the photodetector and processing the output thereof. , A servo mechanism that suspends the optical system and drives in the visual axis direction, and a signal processor that detects the target from the output image signal from the drive processor and measures the brightness of the target image. And an intensity target discriminator that discriminates the target from the luminance of the target image from the signal processor or a temporal change in the luminance.
と、結像された光を光電変換する異なる波長帯に感度を
持つ複数の光検出器と、前記光検出器を駆動するととも
にその出力を処理して画像信号を出力する駆動処理器
と、前記光学系を懸架し視軸方向を駆動するサーボ機構
と、前記複数の駆動処理器各々からの出力画像信号から
目標を検出するとともに各々の目標画像の輝度の計測を
行う信号処理器と、前記信号処理器からの複数の目標画
像の輝度または輝度の時間変化から目標を識別する複数
波長輝度目標識別器を有することを特徴とする電子光学
機器。6. An optical system for collecting and forming an image of incident light, a plurality of photodetectors sensitive to different wavelength bands for photoelectrically converting the formed light, and driving the photodetector. A drive processor that processes the output and outputs an image signal, a servo mechanism that suspends the optical system and drives in the visual axis direction, and a target is detected from the output image signals from each of the plurality of drive processors. Along with, a signal processor for measuring the brightness of each target image, and a multi-wavelength brightness target discriminator for discriminating the target from the brightness of the plurality of target images from the signal processor or the time change of the brightness are characterized. Electro-optical equipment to do.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06112972A JP3143319B2 (en) | 1994-05-26 | 1994-05-26 | Electro-optical equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06112972A JP3143319B2 (en) | 1994-05-26 | 1994-05-26 | Electro-optical equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07318630A true JPH07318630A (en) | 1995-12-08 |
| JP3143319B2 JP3143319B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 |
Family
ID=14600176
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06112972A Expired - Lifetime JP3143319B2 (en) | 1994-05-26 | 1994-05-26 | Electro-optical equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3143319B2 (en) |
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| US10955936B2 (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2021-03-23 | Trinamix Gmbh | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
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| US11211513B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2021-12-28 | Trinamix Gmbh | Optical sensor and detector for an optical detection |
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| US11428787B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2022-08-30 | Trinamix Gmbh | Detector for an optical detection of at least one object |
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| US11415661B2 (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2022-08-16 | Trinamix Gmbh | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| US11635486B2 (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2023-04-25 | Trinamix Gmbh | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| US11698435B2 (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2023-07-11 | Trinamix Gmbh | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| US11860292B2 (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2024-01-02 | Trinamix Gmbh | Detector and methods for authenticating at least one object |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3143319B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 |
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