JPH07246484A - Laser beam welding method - Google Patents
Laser beam welding methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07246484A JPH07246484A JP6067848A JP6784894A JPH07246484A JP H07246484 A JPH07246484 A JP H07246484A JP 6067848 A JP6067848 A JP 6067848A JP 6784894 A JP6784894 A JP 6784894A JP H07246484 A JPH07246484 A JP H07246484A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- laser beam
- laser
- welded
- welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、突き合わせ線に沿って
移動するプラズマトーチとレーザ加工ノズルとから、プ
ラズマガス流とレーザビームとを同時に照射して突き合
わせ溶接を行うレーザ溶接方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laser welding method for performing butt welding by simultaneously irradiating a plasma gas flow and a laser beam from a plasma torch and a laser processing nozzle moving along a butt line.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】特開昭５３−１３７０４４号公報、特公
昭５６−４９１９５号公報及び特開平５−２００５７１
号公報に、プラズマガスアーク等を併用するレーザビー
ム溶接方法が開示されている。特開昭５３−１３７０４
４号公報に開示された多熱源溶接法は、先行熱源として
プラズマアーク等のアーク熱源を用い、後行熱源として
エネルギービームを用いたものである。特公昭５６−４
９１９５号公報には、テグにより溶融した溶融池にレー
ザ光を照射して溶け込みを更に深くするようにしたテグ
とレーザの併用溶接法が開示されている。そして、この
公報第１頁右欄第１６行から第１７行に、上記方法によ
り溶接速度を、板厚０．５ｍｍで２ｍ／ｍｉｎに向上で
きることが記載されている。2. Description of the Related Art JP-A-53-137044, JP-B-56-49195 and JP-A-5-200571.
Japanese Patent Publication discloses a laser beam welding method that also uses a plasma gas arc or the like. JP-A-53-13704
The multi-heat source welding method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4 uses an arc heat source such as a plasma arc as a leading heat source and an energy beam as a trailing heat source. Japanese Examined Japanese Patent Sho 56-4
Japanese Patent No. 9195 discloses a combined welding method of a teg and a laser in which a molten pool melted by the teg is irradiated with laser light to deepen the penetration. Then, in the publication, page 1, right column, lines 16 to 17, it is described that the welding speed can be improved to 2 m / min at a plate thickness of 0.5 mm by the above method.
【０００３】また、特開平２−５２１８３号公報に開示
された方法は図５に示すように、突き合わせ線に沿って
プラズマトーチと炭酸ガスレーザ加工ノズルを移動させ
るとともに、互いの照射位置を所定距離（２０ｍｍ）異
ならせて、先行するプラズマガス流の照射に続いて後方
からレーザビームを照射する、いわゆる後追い溶接をす
ることにより、レーザビームの光吸収性が改善され、溶
融幅が広くなり溶け込み深さも深くなって、突き合わせ
精度（隙間、位置ずれ）に対する許容範囲に余裕が生じ
る利点がある。In the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-52183, as shown in FIG. 5, the plasma torch and the carbon dioxide gas laser processing nozzle are moved along the butt line, and the irradiation positions of the plasma torch and the carbon dioxide gas laser are moved by a predetermined distance ( (20 mm) By differently irradiating the preceding plasma gas flow and then irradiating the laser beam from the rear, so-called follow-up welding, the light absorption of the laser beam is improved, the melting width becomes wider, and the penetration depth also increases. There is an advantage that the depth becomes deeper and there is a margin in the allowable range for the matching accuracy (gap, positional deviation).
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、本発明
者による実験によれば、上記特開平２−５２１８３号公
報に開示された方法（プラズマ６０Ａ、炭酸ガスレーザ
５ｋｗ）により、板厚１．５ｍｍ鋼板の突き合わせ溶接
を行う際、プラズマトーチと炭酸ガスレーザ加工ノズル
の移動速度を５ｍ／分以上に速めると、溶接不良が発生
するという問題点が確認された。これは、移動速度が５
ｍ／分以上の高速では、アーク放電安定限界を超えてし
まい母材側のプラズマアーク陽極点がスムーズに移行し
ないため、母材に対するプラズマ入熱量が不足し、ジュ
ール熱による溶融が不連続となってレーザビームよる融
合不良が生じるものと考えられる。一方、従来のレーザ
溶接方法においては、レーザビームの拡散防止等の理由
からレーザビームの近傍に発生するプラズマガスを冷却
するため、側面からアシストガスを流していた。本発明
は上記問題点を解決するためになされたもので、レーザ
ビーム照射により生成されるプラズマガスを積極的に利
用して、上記プラズマアークの不連続性を補完しアーク
放電を安定させることにより、高速溶接が可能なレーザ
溶接方法を提供することを目的とするものである。However, according to an experiment conducted by the present inventor, according to the method (plasma 60A, carbon dioxide gas laser 5 kw) disclosed in the above-mentioned JP-A-2-52183, a steel sheet having a thickness of 1.5 mm is obtained. It has been confirmed that when butt welding is performed, if the moving speed of the plasma torch and the carbon dioxide gas laser processing nozzle is increased to 5 m / min or more, welding failure occurs. This has a movement speed of 5
At high speeds of m / min or more, the arc discharge stability limit is exceeded and the plasma arc anode point on the base metal side does not move smoothly, so the plasma heat input to the base metal is insufficient and melting due to Joule heat becomes discontinuous. It is considered that fusion failure due to the laser beam occurs. On the other hand, in the conventional laser welding method, in order to prevent the diffusion of the laser beam and the like, the plasma gas generated in the vicinity of the laser beam is cooled, so that the assist gas is flowed from the side surface. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, by positively utilizing the plasma gas generated by laser beam irradiation, by complementing the discontinuity of the plasma arc and stabilizing the arc discharge. An object of the present invention is to provide a laser welding method capable of high speed welding.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めの請求項１に記載の本発明のレーザ溶接方法は、突き
合わせ線に沿って移動するプラズマトーチとレーザ加工
ノズルとから、プラズマガス流とレーザビームとを同時
に照射して突き合わせ溶接を行うレーザ溶接方法におい
て、前記突き合わせ線上の前記プラズマガス流の照射領
域内で、かつ該照射領域の移動方向に対する中心よりも
後方に偏った位置に、前記レーザビームを照射するよう
にしたことを特徴とする。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding method including: a plasma torch and a laser processing nozzle which move along a butt line. In the laser welding method of irradiating butt welding with a laser beam at the same time, in the irradiation region of the plasma gas flow on the butt line, and at a position biased rearward from the center with respect to the moving direction of the irradiation region, It is characterized in that the laser beam is irradiated.
【０００６】また、請求項２に記載の本発明のレーザ溶
接方法は、上記請求項１の構成において、略直上から前
記突き合わせ線上の前記レーザビームの照射位置に対し
て、シールドガスを毎分１０〜２０リットル噴射するこ
とを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding method according to the first aspect, wherein a shield gas is applied to the irradiation position of the laser beam on the abutting line from directly above to 10 minutes per minute. It is characterized by injecting ~ 20 liters.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用及び発明の効果】上記請求項１に記載のレーザ溶
接方法によれば、突き合わせ線上のプラズマガス流の照
射領域内で、かつ該照射領域の移動方向に対する中心よ
りも後方に偏った位置にレーザビームが照射される。こ
のレーザビームの同時照射により、プラズマアークとレ
ーザビームの併用効果を損なうことなく、さらにレーザ
ビーム照射により生成されるプラズマにより、高速移動
に基づくプラズマアークの不連続性が補完され、アーク
放電が安定して従来にない高速で突き合わせ溶接を行う
ことができる効果がある。According to the laser welding method of the first aspect of the present invention, the laser welding method is provided at a position within the irradiation region of the plasma gas flow on the butt line and at a position deviated rearward from the center of the irradiation region in the moving direction. A laser beam is emitted. This simultaneous irradiation of the laser beam does not impair the combined effect of the plasma arc and the laser beam, and the plasma generated by the irradiation of the laser beam complements the discontinuity of the plasma arc due to high-speed movement and stabilizes the arc discharge. Then, there is an effect that butt welding can be performed at a high speed which has never been achieved in the past.
【０００８】また、請求項２に記載のレーザ溶接方法に
よれば、１０〜２０リットル／毎分のシールドガスを、
突き合わせ線上のレーザビームの照射位置の略直上から
噴射することにより、シールドガスの流量が不足して溶
接ビードが酸化してしまうことや、流量過多により溶接
ビードに風圧が加わり、溶融部の垂れ下がりや孔あき等
の不具合を生じることもないばかりか、突き合わせ線の
両側にばらつく溶接点を突き合わせ線上に収束させるこ
とができる効果がある。Further, according to the laser welding method of the second aspect, 10 to 20 liters / min of the shielding gas is supplied.
By injecting from just above the irradiation position of the laser beam on the butt line, the flow rate of the shield gas is insufficient and the welding bead is oxidized, and due to the excessive flow rate, wind pressure is applied to the welding bead and the melting part hangs down. Not only will there be no problems such as perforation, but there is an effect that welding points that are scattered on both sides of the butt line can be converged on the butt line.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】本発明の実施例を添付図面を参照して説明す
る。図１は本発明方法を実施する溶接装置の概略斜視図
である。被溶接板材１及び２は、それぞれ対応する端面
を突き合わせて図示しないクランパにより挟持して溶接
用治具に水平にセツトする。プラズマトーチ３は、突き
合わせ線Ａ上に立てた垂直線ａに対して溶接方向へ前傾
する姿勢で支持アーム４により支持される。また、炭酸
ガス（以下ＣＯ2と表す）レーザー加工ノズル５は、前
記垂直線ａに対して後傾する姿勢で、前記プラズマトー
チ３と干渉しないようにするとともに、前記突き合わせ
線Ａ上のプラズマガス流の照射領域Ｂ内で、かつ該照射
領域Ｂの移動方向に対する中心Ｃよりも後方に距離Ｄ偏
った位置にレーザビームが照射されるように焦点を合わ
せてセットされる（図２参照）。そして、レーザビーム
の照射点の略直上から、溶接部位の酸化を防止するアル
ゴンやヘリウム等の不活性のシールドガスを噴射するガ
ス噴射ノズル６を配設する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a welding apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. The plate materials 1 and 2 to be welded are abutted at their corresponding end faces, sandwiched by a clamper (not shown), and horizontally set on a welding jig. The plasma torch 3 is supported by the support arm 4 in a posture in which the plasma torch 3 is tilted forward in the welding direction with respect to the vertical line a standing on the butt line A. In addition, the carbon dioxide gas (hereinafter referred to as CO 2 ) laser processing nozzle 5 is tilted backward with respect to the vertical line a so as not to interfere with the plasma torch 3, and the plasma gas on the butt line A is The focus is set so that the laser beam is irradiated within the flow irradiation area B and at a position deviated from the center C with respect to the moving direction of the irradiation area B by the distance D (see FIG. 2). Then, a gas injection nozzle 6 for injecting an inert shield gas such as argon or helium, which prevents the oxidation of the welded portion, is arranged almost directly above the irradiation point of the laser beam.
【００１０】上記プラズマトーチ３、ＣＯ2レーザー加
工ノズル５及びガス噴射ノズル６は、被溶接板材１及び
２の突き合わせ線Ａに沿って正確に移動するように、図
示しない数値制御装置等により制御される。プラズマト
ーチ３から高温のプラズマガス流が照射され、その照射
領域Ｂである被溶接板材１及び２の表面に幅広い溶融池
が形成される。さらに、前記照射領域Ｂの移動方向に対
する中心Ｃよりも後方に距離Ｄ偏った位置に照射される
レーザビームにより、プラズマトーチ３によるプラズマ
ガス雰囲気内に新たにプラズマが生成される（図３参
照）。The plasma torch 3, the CO 2 laser processing nozzle 5 and the gas injection nozzle 6 are controlled by a numerical controller (not shown) or the like so as to move accurately along the butt line A of the plate materials 1 and 2 to be welded. It A high-temperature plasma gas flow is irradiated from the plasma torch 3, and a wide molten pool is formed on the surfaces of the plate materials 1 and 2 to be welded, which is the irradiation region B. Further, a new plasma is generated in the plasma gas atmosphere by the plasma torch 3 by the laser beam which is irradiated to the position deviated from the center C with respect to the moving direction of the irradiation region B by the distance D (see FIG. 3). .
【００１１】このため、移動速度を高速にしても、上記
レーザビームの同時照射に基づいて生成されるプラズマ
により、プラズマアークの不連続性が補完されアーク放
電が安定して、被溶接板材１及び２側のプラズマアーク
陽極点がスムーズに移行する。従って、被溶接板材１及
び２に対するプラズマ入熱量が不足し、ジュール熱によ
る溶融が不連続となってレーザビームよる融合不良が生
じることがない。Therefore, even if the moving speed is high, the discontinuity of the plasma arc is complemented by the plasma generated based on the simultaneous irradiation of the laser beams, the arc discharge is stabilized, and the plate material 1 to be welded and The plasma arc anode point on the second side moves smoothly. Therefore, the amount of heat input to the plasma of the plate materials 1 and 2 to be welded is insufficient, and melting due to Joule heat does not cause discontinuity, and fusion defects due to the laser beam do not occur.
【００１２】図４は、本発明方法とプラズマ照射を２０
ｍｍ先行させる従来方法との、被溶接板材（鋼板）の板
厚と溶接速度の関係を示したものである（但しプラズマ
６０Ａ、ＣＯ2レーザ５ｋｗ）。図４に示すように、溶
接速度を板厚１．５ｍｍでは約５．５ｍ／分、板厚１ｍ
ｍでは約７．０ｍ／分と、従来方法に比して大幅に高速
化できる。FIG. 4 illustrates the method of the present invention and plasma irradiation.
The relationship between the plate thickness of the plate material (steel plate) to be welded and the welding speed with the conventional method of preceding by mm (where plasma 60A, CO 2 laser 5 kw) is shown. As shown in FIG. 4, when the welding speed is 1.5 mm, the thickness is about 5.5 m / min, and the thickness is 1 m.
In the case of m, it is about 7.0 m / min, which is much faster than the conventional method.
【００１３】さらに本発明方法は、レーザビームの照射
点の略直上に配設したガス噴射ノズル６から、毎分１０
〜２０リットルのシールドガスを噴射することにより、
突き合わせ線Ａの両側にばらつく溶接点が、突き合わせ
線Ａ上に収束するという利点を実験により確認すること
ができた。毎分１０〜２０リットルとするのは、シール
ドガスの流量が１０リットル／毎分以下では、流量不足
により溶接ビードが酸化してしまい、２０リットル／毎
分では流量過多により溶接ビードに風圧が加わり、溶融
部の垂れ下がりや孔あき等の不具合が発生するためであ
る。Further, according to the method of the present invention, the gas injection nozzle 6 disposed directly above the irradiation point of the laser beam is operated at a rate of 10 minutes per minute.
By injecting ~ 20 liters of shielding gas,
It was possible to confirm experimentally the advantage that the welding points that are scattered on both sides of the butt line A converge on the butt line A. If the flow rate of the shielding gas is 10 liters / minute or less, the welding bead is oxidized due to insufficient flow rate, and at 20 liters / minute, wind pressure is applied to the welding bead due to excessive flow rate. This is because problems such as sagging of the melted portion and perforation occur.
【００１４】また、本発明方法はプラズマ及びレーザビ
ームを併用するもので、溶接の際の溶融幅が広いから被
溶接板材１，２間の隙間及び突き合わせ位置の位置ズレ
の各許容量が増加するとともに、溶融幅が広く溶け込み
も深くなることから、アンダーカツトの発生が少なくな
り、強度を要求される部品等への適用が可能になる等の
利点を有する。Further, the method of the present invention uses both plasma and laser beam, and since the melting width at the time of welding is wide, the permissible amounts of the gap between the plate materials 1 and 2 to be welded and the positional deviation of the butting position increase. At the same time, since the melting width is wide and the penetration is deep, there are advantages that undercutting is less likely to occur, and that it can be applied to parts and the like that require strength.
【図１】本発明方法を実施する溶接装置の概略斜視図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a welding apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.
【図２】プラズマガス流とレーザビームの同時照射を説
明する平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating simultaneous irradiation of a plasma gas flow and a laser beam.
【図３】プラズマガス流とレーザビームの同時照射を説
明する側面図である。FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating simultaneous irradiation of a plasma gas flow and a laser beam.
【図４】被溶接板材（鋼板）の板厚と溶接速度の関係を
示したグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the plate thickness of the plate material to be welded (steel plate) and the welding speed.
【図５】従来方法を説明する概略斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a conventional method.
１，２...被溶接板材 ３...プラズマトーチ ５...ＣＯ2レーザ加工ノズル ６...ガス噴出ノズル、 Ａ...突き合わせ線 Ｂ...照射領域 Ｃ...中心、 Ｄ...プラズマガス照射領域の中心とレーザビード照射
位置との距離1, 2 ... Plate material to be welded 3 ... Plasma torch 5 ... CO 2 laser processing nozzle 6 ... Gas ejection nozzle, A ... Butt line B ... Irradiation area C ... Center, D ... Distance between center of plasma gas irradiation area and laser bead irradiation position
Claims (2)
トーチとレーザ加工ノズルとから、プラズマガス流とレ
ーザビームとを同時に照射して突き合わせ溶接を行うレ
ーザ溶接方法において、 前記突き合わせ線上の前記プラズマガス流の照射領域内
で、かつ該照射領域の移動方向に対する中心よりも後方
に偏った位置に、前記レーザビームを照射するようにし
たことを特徴とするレーザ溶接方法。1. A laser welding method for butt welding by simultaneously irradiating a plasma gas flow and a laser beam from a plasma torch and a laser processing nozzle that move along the butt line, the plasma gas flow on the butt line. The laser welding method is characterized in that the laser beam is applied to a position inside the irradiation region and to a position deviated rearward from the center of the moving direction of the irradiation region.
ーザビームの照射位置に対して、シールドガスを毎分１
０〜２０リットル噴射することを特徴とする請求項１記
載のレーザ溶接方法。2. A shield gas is applied to the irradiation position of the laser beam on the butt line from approximately right above the shield gas at a rate of 1 per minute.
The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein 0 to 20 liters are injected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6067848A JPH07246484A (en) | 1994-03-10 | 1994-03-10 | Laser beam welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6067848A JPH07246484A (en) | 1994-03-10 | 1994-03-10 | Laser beam welding method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07246484A true JPH07246484A (en) | 1995-09-26 |
Family
ID=13356797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6067848A Pending JPH07246484A (en) | 1994-03-10 | 1994-03-10 | Laser beam welding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07246484A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998043775A1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-08 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus for butt welding of hot rolled billet with laser beam |
| US7408130B2 (en) | 2002-04-01 | 2008-08-05 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | YAG laser induced arc filler wire composite welding method and weldimg equipment |
| JP2011218395A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-11-04 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Welding Co Ltd | Hybrid plasma welding method, hybrid plasma torch, and hybrid welding apparatus |
| CN103920979A (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2014-07-16 | 湖南超宇科技有限公司 | Gas flow control method and system of air plasma cutting machine |
| CN109128508A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-04 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Large aluminum alloy cavity laser-plasma arc hybrid welding technique |
| CN109789517A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-05-21 | 爱信艾达株式会社 | It is soldered the manufacturing method of the cleaning method in portion, welding system and ring |
-
1994
- 1994-03-10 JP JP6067848A patent/JPH07246484A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998043775A1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-08 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus for butt welding of hot rolled billet with laser beam |
| AU734139B2 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2001-06-07 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Method of butt-welding hot-rolled steel materials by laser beam and apparatus therefor |
| KR100375544B1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2003-03-10 | 신닛뽄세이테쯔 카부시키카이샤 | Method and apparatus for butt welding of hot rolled billet with laser beam |
| US7408130B2 (en) | 2002-04-01 | 2008-08-05 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | YAG laser induced arc filler wire composite welding method and weldimg equipment |
| JP2011218395A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-11-04 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Welding Co Ltd | Hybrid plasma welding method, hybrid plasma torch, and hybrid welding apparatus |
| CN103920979A (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2014-07-16 | 湖南超宇科技有限公司 | Gas flow control method and system of air plasma cutting machine |
| CN109789517A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-05-21 | 爱信艾达株式会社 | It is soldered the manufacturing method of the cleaning method in portion, welding system and ring |
| CN109128508A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-04 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Large aluminum alloy cavity laser-plasma arc hybrid welding technique |
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