JPH07218199A - Blasting system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To blast a baserock as assumed and reduce number of excavating holes and a unit explosive charge rate by integrating a blasting expert system, a blasting pattern marking system, a long hole excavating system and a new explosive charging system. CONSTITUTION:A blasting expert system 10 designs an optimum blasting pattern based on executing information of previously input blasting operation and measuring information when blasting is executed to form a blasting pattern emitting information. Then, when a blasting pattern marking system 20 waits for an operation, data converting, transferring processes are automatically executed, and blasting pattern information is transmitted. A laser beam is emitted, and a blasting hole R is excavated by a hydraulic drill carriage 31. Then, after a master die with a NONEL detonator is inserted into the hole R, it is automatically loaded by compressed air through a powderlike ANFO explosive hose 43. Thereafter, other reference functional processes are sequentially executed and finished.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blasting system used for tunnel excavation work and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the blasting work for tunnel excavation work using this type of blasting system has been performed by using a concentric blasting pattern centered on a core and detonating the same radius at the same second. . At this time, V-cut was used for core removal, and the entire drilling hole was made into a light charge, and DS was used.
It was detonating using an electric detonator.

[0003]

By the way, the construction industry in Japan is required to develop a technique accompanied by automation and labor saving in order to cope with the aging of workers and the shortage of skilled workers. In tunnel excavation work, city shield tunnels are actively promoting labor saving and unmanned operations, while mountain tunnels have a large reduction in the number of workers due to the introduction of large machinery. Due to the rapid changes, it is often the case that the construction method must be changed, which hinders technological development in terms of automation and labor saving.

The construction methods of mountain tunnels are roughly classified into a blasting method and a mechanical excavation method, and in the future, the entire cross section will be TBM as well as a road tunnel or a railway tunnel like a shield tunnel.
Excavation with a (tunnel boring machine) is considered to be the most effective method for promoting automation and labor saving, but TBM has many problems in terms of applicability and economic efficiency for geological changes, and for the time being the blasting method is used. At present, the mainstream is inevitable.

However, the blasting method has a wider range of application to geology than mechanical excavation and is advantageous in terms of rapid construction, but on the other hand, it has poor safety and working environment, and blasting noise and vibrations affect the surrounding environment. There was a problem that it had an adverse effect.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a blasting system that can automate the mountain tunnel construction method, save labor, and perform rapid construction, improve safety, and reduce vibration and noise associated with blasting. is there.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a blast for designing an optimum blast pattern for the next and subsequent times based on construction information for performing the blast and measurement information when the blast is performed. Expert system part, blast pattern marking system part that irradiates a laser beam based on the blast pattern information output from the blast expert system part to mark the blast hole, has a drilling function, smooth blasting After inserting the long hole drilling system part for making long holes in the blast hole by the construction method and the parallel hole cutting method and the parent die with a non-electric detonator in the blast hole, the fluid explosive is automatically compressed by compressed air. It is equipped with a new charging system part to be loaded, and is equipped with a parallel drilling function for long hole drilling, a tilt angle adjusting function and a hole tail adjusting function. Performed by drilling machine having a high-speed drilling function, using the NONEL detonator as nonelectric detonator,
The ANFO explosive was used as the fluid explosive.

[0007]

In the present invention, the blasting pattern marking system unit blasts the optimum blasting pattern after the next time based on the construction information for blasting by the blasting expert system unit and the measurement information when the blasting is performed. Laser beam is emitted based on the pattern information,
Blast holes are marked. The marked blasting pattern is equipped with a parallel drilling function, a tilt angle adjusting function, and a hole tail adjusting function, and a rock drilling machine with a high-speed drilling function and a long hole by the smooth blasting method and the parallel hole cutting method. After drilling and inserting the parent die with the NONEL detonator into the blast hole, ANFO explosive is automatically loaded with compressed air.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a blasting system and a blasting method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. Figure 1
Shows a block diagram of the blasting system of the present invention. In FIG.
The blasting system comprises a blasting expert system unit 10, a blasting pattern marking system unit 20, a long hole drilling system unit 30, and a new charge system unit 40. The blasting expert system unit 10 is based on the construction information when blasting and the measurement information when blasting for all tunnel shapes and bedrocks, the number of holes drilled, the length of holes drilled, the amount of charges, and the number of steps of detonators. Is designed to design an optimum blasting pattern, and is transferred to the blasting pattern marking system unit 20. Examples of such a blast expert system unit 10 are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-38170 and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-38171.

Further, the blasting pattern marking system unit 20 inputs the information of the blasting expert system unit 10 into the personal computer 21 through the communication line 11, and the total station 2 installed behind the tunnel.
2 is controlled to continuously irradiate the facet P with the laser beam 23 to accurately mark the blasting hole R such as the blasting outer peripheral hole and the coring hole. An example of such a blast pattern marking system unit 20 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-320031. The long hole drilling system unit 30 has a swivel lifting boom unit 31a and a worker having a high speed drilling function (drifter) that does not cause hole roughening, a parallel drilling function, a tilt angle adjusting function, a hole tail adjusting function, and the like. The hydraulic jumbo 31 equipped with the basket portion 31b to be mounted, and the smooth blasting method and the parallel hole cut method (see Sankaidou, Stigolofson, latest blasting technology handbook) are systematized.

Further, the new charge system section 40 inserts a parent die (dynamite) with a non-electric type NONEL detonator into the blast hole R, and at the same time, powdery ANFO explosive loaded on the explosive loading machine 41. 42 is automatically loaded by compressed air through the explosive loading hose 43. That is,
As shown in FIG. 2, the explosive loading hose 43 is inserted into the guide pipe 44, and the hose feed mechanism 45 attached to the proximal end portion of the guide pipe 44 is operated by the operation panel 46, whereby the explosive for the blast hole R is expelled. The loading hose 43 is automatically taken in and out and the charging is performed. An example of such a new charge system section 40 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-123542. In the figure, Q indicates an operator.

Next, a blasting method using such a blasting system will be described with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. First, in the blasting expert system section 10, an optimal blasting pattern is designed based on the construction information of the blasting work input in advance and the measurement information when the blasting is performed, and the blasting method used in Sweden. Blasting pattern irradiation information is created (step S1).
After that, when the blast pattern marking system unit 20 is in a work waiting state, the data conversion process and the data transfer process are automatically performed, and the blast pattern information is transmitted to the blast pattern marking system unit 20 (step S2).

As a result, the blasting pattern marking system unit 20 is interrupted and taken in, and when the irradiation range or irradiation order of the blasting pattern is changed, it is changed (step S3). Then, the blast pattern marking system unit 20 is activated (step S4), and the face distance is set (step S5). Subsequently, laser irradiation processing of the blast pattern is performed, and the blast hole R
After marking (step S6), the blast hole R is drilled into a long hole by a hydraulic jumbo (rock drill) 31 equipped with a parallel drilling function, a tilt angle adjusting function, a hole edge adjusting function, and a high-speed drilling function. (Step S7).

At this time, the core hole is formed by the parallel hole cutting method and the peripheral holes are formed by the smooth blasting method. Here, the smooth blasting method is a method in which holes having short intervals are drilled along the outer circumference of the facet P to control the direction in which the energy of the explosive acts, and it is possible to reduce irregularities and cracked surfaces on the excavated surface. . Next, blast hole R to N
The parent die with the ONEL detonator was inserted (step S
8) After that, the powdery ANFO explosive 42 is loaded with the explosive loading hose 43.
Automatically loaded with compressed air via (step S
9). After that, the other standard function processing is sequentially executed (step S10), and the process ends.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the blasting expert system unit 10, the blasting pattern marking system unit 20, the long hole drilling system unit 30, and the new charge system unit 40 are integrated. , The rock can be blasted as expected, the number of holes to be drilled and the amount of unit charge can be reduced, and the vibration speed, sound pressure level and low frequency sound level can be reduced to reduce vibration and noise associated with blasting work. At the same time, the shift distance can be shortened to reduce the shift processing work, and automation, labor saving and rapid construction can be performed, and safety can be improved. Further, since the blasting technique is standardized and becomes simple, it is possible to solve the shortage of skilled workers, reduce excess digging, and efficiently perform long hole drilling of 4 m or more. NON
Since the EL detonator is detonated by a shock wave, it is safe against static electricity and leakage current in the mine, and because it is charged with compressed air,
In the long hole blasting, charging time can be shortened, and labor saving and automation of the charging work can be achieved.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention, the blasting expert system unit, the blasting pattern marking system unit, the long hole drilling system unit, and the new charge system unit are integrated. The bedrock can be blasted on the street,
The number of drilling holes and the amount of unit charge can be reduced,
Vibration speed, sound pressure level, and low frequency sound level can be reduced to reduce vibration and noise associated with blasting work, and the distance traveled can be shortened to reduce misalignment work, and automation, labor saving and rapid construction can be performed. The safety can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a blasting system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a charging operation according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a blasting method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Blast Expert System Section 11 Communication Line 20 Blast Pattern Marking System Section 21 Personal Computer 22 Total Station 23 Laser Beam 30 Long Hole Drilling System Section 31 Hydraulic Jumbo 31a Boom Section 31b Basket Section 40 New Charge System Section 41 Explosive Loading Machine 42 ANFO Explosive 43 Explosive loading hose P Facet Q Worker R Blast hole

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tadayuki Kobayakawa 1-11 Sakuragi-cho, Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture Sato Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masao Yoshinaga 1-11 Sakuragi-cho, Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture Sato Industry Co., Ltd. Inside the company (72) In Hitoshi Suzuki 1-11 Sakuragi-cho, Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture Sato Industry Co., Ltd. Inside the company (72) Toshiaki Sasaki 1-11 Sakuragi-cho, Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture Sato Industry Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Naoto Koizumi 1-11 Sakuragicho, Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture Sato Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A blasting expert system section for designing an optimum blasting pattern for the next and subsequent times based on construction information for blasting and measurement information when blasting is performed, and the blasting expert system section outputs the blasting expert system section. A blast pattern marking system that irradiates a laser beam based on the blast pattern information to mark the blast hole, and has a hole drilling function.The blast hole is long hole drilled by the smooth blasting method and parallel hole cut method. And a new charge system part for automatically loading a fluid explosive with compressed air after inserting a parent die with a non-electric detonator into the blast hole. Blasting system. 2. The blasting machine according to claim 1, wherein the long hole drilling is performed by a rock drilling machine equipped with a parallel drilling function, a tilt angle adjusting function and a hole tail adjusting function and having a high speed drilling function. system. 3. The blasting system according to claim 1, wherein a NONEL detonator is used as the non-electric detonator, and ANFO explosive (nitrate oil explosive) is used as the fluid explosive.