JPH07204432A - Exhaust gas treatment method - Google Patents
Exhaust gas treatment methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07204432A JPH07204432A JP6002476A JP247694A JPH07204432A JP H07204432 A JPH07204432 A JP H07204432A JP 6002476 A JP6002476 A JP 6002476A JP 247694 A JP247694 A JP 247694A JP H07204432 A JPH07204432 A JP H07204432A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- mercury
- bag filter
- harmful substances
- activated carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、都市ごみ焼却プラント
等の排ガス処理方法に関し、特に該排ガス中の水銀及び
ダイオキシンを塩化水素、硫黄酸化物等の酸性ガスと共
に高温乾式で除去する排ガス処理方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating exhaust gas in a municipal waste incineration plant and the like, and more particularly to a method for treating exhaust gas by removing mercury and dioxins in the exhaust gas together with acid gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides by a high temperature dry method. Regarding
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】都市ごみ又は産業廃棄物の燃焼排ガス中
には、極めて濃度の高い塩化水素や硫黄酸化物等の有害
物質としての酸性ガスと共に水銀、ダイオキシン等の微
量な有害物質が含まれている。塩化水素や硫黄酸化物等
の酸性ガスは、排ガス中に噴霧する消石灰によって中和
処理した後、約２２０℃〜２３０℃の温度でバグフィル
ターによりろ過集塵し、除去するのが一般的である。2. Description of the Related Art Exhaust gas from combustion of municipal waste or industrial waste contains a very high concentration of acidic gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides, and trace amounts of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxins. There is. It is general that acidic gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides are neutralized by slaked lime sprayed in the exhaust gas and then filtered and collected by a bag filter at a temperature of about 220 ° C to 230 ° C to be removed. .
【０００３】即ち、図２に示すように、焼却炉１から排
出される排ガスを冷却器２により約２３０℃程度まで冷
却した後、消石灰サイロ４の消石灰を供給機３により排
ガス中に噴霧して、酸性ガスを中和しながら、バグフィ
ルター５で集塵除去している。That is, as shown in FIG. 2, after the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 1 is cooled to about 230 ° C. by the cooler 2, the slaked lime of the slaked lime silo 4 is sprayed into the exhaust gas by the feeder 3. The bag filter 5 removes dust while neutralizing the acidic gas.
【０００４】図２に示す前記の従来の排ガスの処理方法
において、排ガス中に含まれる微量の水銀、ダイオキシ
ン等の有害物質は、ごみ焼却炉等の排ガス中に含まれる
塩化水素等の酸性ガスによって還元されてそれぞれ塩化
物となっている。これらの塩化物は、排ガス中に含まれ
ているばいじん中の未燃炭素の粒子表面に吸着され、更
に還元されてそこで固定されるために、ばいじんをバグ
フィルターによってろ過集塵することによって、水銀、
ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物質を除去することが可能
である。しかし、前記のばいじん中の未燃炭素による吸
着現象は、１５０℃前後の比較的低温において効果的に
発生し、前記図２に示す方法におけるように約２２０℃
〜２３０℃前後の比較的高温では充分に発生しない。従
って、水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物質を除去す
る場合には、消石灰が噴霧された排ガスを通常約１５０
℃程度の温度にまで冷却し、同様にバグフィルターによ
りろ過集塵して塩化水素や硫黄酸化物等の酸性ガスと共
に水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物質を除去してい
る。In the conventional exhaust gas treatment method shown in FIG. 2, trace amounts of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxins contained in the exhaust gas are generated by an acidic gas such as hydrogen chloride contained in the exhaust gas of a refuse incinerator or the like. Each is reduced to chloride. These chlorides are adsorbed on the surface of the unburned carbon particles in the soot and dust contained in the exhaust gas, further reduced and fixed there. ,
It is possible to remove trace amounts of harmful substances such as dioxins. However, the adsorption phenomenon due to unburned carbon in the soot and dust effectively occurs at a relatively low temperature of about 150 ° C., and the adsorption phenomenon is about 220 ° C. as in the method shown in FIG.
It does not occur sufficiently at relatively high temperatures around 230 ° C. Therefore, when removing a trace amount of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxins, the exhaust gas sprayed with slaked lime is usually about 150
It is cooled to a temperature of about ℃, and similarly filtered and collected by a bag filter to remove a trace amount of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxins together with acidic gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides.
【０００５】即ち、図３に示すように、図２に示す各装
置に加えて、冷却器２の下流側に、排ガス温度を更に低
く微調整するための冷却器６を追加して設け、排ガスを
更に約１５０℃まで冷却している。また、冷却器６を設
けずに、冷却器２の能力を大きくして、排ガスを約１５
０℃まで冷却する場合もある。That is, as shown in FIG. 3, in addition to the respective devices shown in FIG. 2, a cooler 6 for finely adjusting the temperature of the exhaust gas is additionally provided on the downstream side of the cooler 2 to provide exhaust gas. Is further cooled to about 150 ° C. Further, without providing the cooler 6, the capacity of the cooler 2 is increased to reduce the exhaust gas to about 15
It may be cooled to 0 ° C.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記のように、排ガス
中の水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物質を酸性ガス
と共に除去する従来の排ガス処理方法では、排ガス温度
を低くしているために、排ガス中で局部的に露点以下の
部分が生じ易く、酸性ガスや水分の凝縮が起こり易くな
って排ガス性状が不安定となり、排ガス処理装置自体の
運転が安定に行えなくなる等の欠点があった。As described above, in the conventional exhaust gas treatment method for removing a trace amount of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxins in the exhaust gas together with the acidic gas, the exhaust gas temperature is lowered, Among them, there are drawbacks such that a portion below the dew point is likely to occur locally, acid gas and water are likely to be condensed, the exhaust gas properties become unstable, and the exhaust gas treatment device itself cannot be operated stably.
【０００７】本発明は、前記の従来法の欠点を克服する
ために、排ガス温度を約２３０℃から１５０℃程度まで
冷却することなく水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物
質を除去することができる排ガス処理方法を提供しよう
とするものである。In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method, the present invention is capable of removing a trace amount of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxin without cooling the exhaust gas temperature from about 230 ° C to about 150 ° C. It is intended to provide a processing method.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、排ガス中に消
石灰を噴霧して含有ばいじんと共にバグフィルターでろ
過集塵して有害物質を除去する排ガス処理方法におい
て、バグフィルターの上流側において消石灰と共に活性
炭を噴霧することを特徴とする。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment method for spraying slaked lime into exhaust gas to remove harmful substances by filtering dust with a bag filter together with contained dust, and with slaked lime on the upstream side of the bag filter. It is characterized by spraying activated carbon.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明では、バグフィルターの上流側におい
て、消石灰と共に活性炭を排ガス中に噴霧することによ
って、消石灰を噴霧して酸性ガスを中和処理してバグフ
ィルターで除去する従来の排ガス処理方法におけると同
様の約２２０℃〜２３０℃の比較的高い温度においても
活性炭が水銀、ダイオキシン等の有害物質を吸着する。In the present invention, in the conventional exhaust gas treatment method in which the activated carbon is sprayed together with the slaked lime in the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the bag filter to spray the slaked lime to neutralize the acid gas and remove it with the bag filter. The activated carbon adsorbs harmful substances such as mercury and dioxin even at a relatively high temperature of about 220 ° C. to 230 ° C.
【００１０】従って、従来の酸性ガスと共に水銀ダイオ
キシン等の微量の有害物質を除去する排ガス処理方法に
おけるように、排ガスを１５０℃前後に冷却することな
く排ガス中に含まれる水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有
害物質をバグフィルターによって除去することができ
る。Therefore, as in the conventional exhaust gas treatment method for removing trace amounts of harmful substances such as mercury dioxins together with acidic gases, trace amounts of mercury, dioxins, etc. contained in the exhaust gas can be obtained without cooling the exhaust gas to around 150 ° C. Hazardous substances can be removed by bag filters.
【００１１】一般に、処理後の排ガス中の水銀及びダイ
オキシン濃度はそれぞれ約０．０５mg/Nm3、約０．１ng
/Nm3以下が目標とされているので、本発明における活性
炭の添加量は水銀及びダイオキシンの入口濃度やばいじ
ん中の未燃炭素量との兼ね合いによって決定される。本
発明者の行ったテストの全般的結果から判断すると、水
銀とダイオキシンの入口濃度がそれぞれ０．１〜０．５
mg/Nm3、１〜３ng/Nm3の場合、未燃炭素を含む全炭素の
量が約１０重量％前後になるように微量の活性炭を添加
すれば、水銀及びダイオキシンの濃度は概ね目標値以下
になるものと考えられる。水銀とダイオキシンの入口濃
度が高くなれば、それに応じて活性炭の添加量も増やし
ていく必要があるが、実用上は、水銀とダイオキシンの
除去率として約９０〜９５％程度、活性炭の添加量も対
ばいじん約５重量％程度が概ね限界と考えられる。ま
た、一般にばいじん中に未燃炭素分は約２〜１０重量％
程度含まれており、本発明における活性炭の添加量は、
ばいじんに対し通常約１〜５重量％程度とするのが適当
である。Generally, the concentrations of mercury and dioxin in the exhaust gas after treatment are about 0.05 mg / Nm 3 and about 0.1 ng, respectively.
Since the target is / Nm 3 or less, the amount of activated carbon added in the present invention is determined by the balance with the inlet concentration of mercury and dioxin and the amount of unburned carbon in dust. Judging from the overall results of the tests conducted by the present inventor, the inlet concentrations of mercury and dioxin were each 0.1 to 0.5.
In the case of mg / Nm 3 and 1-3 ng / Nm 3 , the concentrations of mercury and dioxins are almost the target values if a small amount of activated carbon is added so that the amount of total carbon including unburned carbon is around 10% by weight. It is considered to be as follows. If the inlet concentration of mercury and dioxin becomes higher, it is necessary to increase the addition amount of activated carbon accordingly, but in practice, the removal rate of mercury and dioxin is about 90 to 95%, and the addition amount of activated carbon is also It is considered that the limit is approximately 5% by weight with respect to dust. In general, the unburned carbon content in dust is about 2 to 10% by weight.
The amount of activated carbon added in the present invention is
It is usually suitable that the amount is about 1 to 5% by weight with respect to dust.
【００１２】本発明で用いられる前記の活性炭の粒粒は
細かいものが望ましいが、市販の３００メッシュパス９
０％程度のものを用いることができる。また、活性炭の
中でも、やし殻活性炭が最も性能が良く、本発明者のテ
ストでは、やし殻系であれば賦活していない原料炭（活
性炭原料）でも同等の性能があることが確認されてい。It is desirable that the activated carbon used in the present invention has fine particles, but a commercially available 300 mesh pass 9 is used.
A material of about 0% can be used. In addition, among the activated carbons, palm shell activated carbon has the best performance, and in the test of the present inventor, it was confirmed that raw coal not activated if it is a palm shell type (activated carbon raw material) has the same performance. The
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を、図１によって説明す
る。都市ごみ又は産業廃棄物の焼却炉１から排出される
排ガスは冷却器２により約２３０℃まで冷却された上、
サイロ４に収容された消石灰と活性炭を供給機３により
排ガス中に噴霧する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 1 for municipal waste or industrial waste is cooled to about 230 ° C by the cooler 2 and
Slaked lime and activated carbon contained in the silo 4 are sprayed into the exhaust gas by the feeder 3.
【００１４】排ガス中に噴霧された消石灰は、塩化水
素、硫黄酸化物等の酸性ガスを中和する。また、前記の
ように、排ガス中の未燃炭素は、約２３０℃の比較的高
度が高い排ガス中では水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有
害物質を充分に吸着することができないが、噴霧された
活性炭がこれらの有害物質を効果的に吸着する。The slaked lime sprayed in the exhaust gas neutralizes acidic gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides. Further, as described above, the unburned carbon in the exhaust gas cannot sufficiently adsorb a trace amount of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxin in the exhaust gas having a relatively high altitude of about 230 ° C. Effectively adsorb these harmful substances.
【００１５】このようにして、酸性ガスが中和され、か
つ、水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物質が活性炭に
よって吸着された排ガスは、約２２０℃温度でバグフィ
ルター５においてろ過、集塵されて前記酸性ガスと前記
水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物質が除去された
上、大気中へ排出される。In this way, the exhaust gas in which the acidic gas is neutralized and the trace amount of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxin are adsorbed by the activated carbon is filtered and collected by the bag filter 5 at a temperature of about 220 ° C. The acidic gas and a trace amount of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxin are removed and then discharged into the atmosphere.
【００１６】前記の活性炭の添加量は、「作用」欄で詳
述したように、ばいじん中の未燃炭素を含む全炭素の量
が約１０重量％となるように選定される。また、活性炭
としては、細粒のやし殻活性炭を用いるのが望ましい。The amount of the above-mentioned activated carbon added is selected so that the amount of total carbon including unburned carbon in the dust is about 10% by weight, as described in detail in the section "Action". Further, it is desirable to use fine-grained palm shell activated carbon as the activated carbon.
【００１７】以下、本発明に係る実験例と比較例につい
て説明する。Experimental examples and comparative examples according to the present invention will be described below.
【００１８】（実験例）塩化水素４００ppm 、水銀０．
５mg/Nm3、ダイオキシン２．０ng/Nm3（ＴＥＱ）及びば
いじん２．５g/Nm3 （約６重量％の未燃炭素を含む）含
有した排ガス中に所定量（当量比３）の消石灰及び約５
重量％対ばいじんの活性炭（３００メッシュパス９０
％）を噴霧して、バグフィルターにより約２２０℃でろ
過集塵したところ、水銀、ダイオキシンの除去率はそれ
ぞれ約９０％及び９５％であった。(Experimental example) Hydrogen chloride 400 ppm, mercury 0.
5 mg / Nm 3 , dioxin 2.0 ng / Nm 3 (TEQ) and soot and dust 2.5 g / Nm 3 (containing about 6% by weight of unburned carbon) in the exhaust gas in a predetermined amount (equivalent ratio 3) and slaked lime and About 5
Weight% vs. soot and dust activated carbon (300 mesh pass 90
%) Was sprayed and collected by filtration with a bag filter at about 220 ° C., and the removal rates of mercury and dioxin were about 90% and 95%, respectively.
【００１９】（比較例）塩化水素４００ppm 、水銀０．
５mg/Nm3、ダイオキシン２．０ng/Nm3（ＴＥＱ）及びば
いじん２．５g/Nm3 （約６重量％の未燃炭素を含む）を
含有した排ガス中に所定量（当量比３）の消石灰を噴霧
して、バグフィルターにより約２２０℃でろ過集塵した
ところ、水銀、ダイオキシンの除去率はそれぞれ約６５
％及び７５％であった。(Comparative Example) Hydrogen chloride 400 ppm, mercury 0.
A predetermined amount (equivalent ratio 3) of slaked lime in exhaust gas containing 5 mg / Nm 3 , dioxin 2.0 ng / Nm 3 (TEQ) and soot and dust 2.5 g / Nm 3 (containing about 6 wt% unburned carbon) Was sprayed and filtered with a bag filter at about 220 ° C to collect dust. The removal rates of mercury and dioxin were about 65 each.
% And 75%.
【００２０】以上の実験例と比較例によって、対ばいじ
ん約５重量％の量の活性炭添加で、水銀およびダイオキ
シン除去率は著しく向上することを確認することができ
た。From the above experimental examples and comparative examples, it was confirmed that the removal rate of mercury and dioxins was remarkably improved by the addition of activated carbon in an amount of about 5% by weight with respect to dust.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
排ガス温度を冷却することなく、水銀、ダイオキシン等
の微量な有害物質を高効率で除去することができるの
で、処理コストを大幅に低減することができる上に、排
ガスを冷却しなくてすむので、排ガス中での酸性ガスや
水分の凝縮の心配もなく、排ガス処理装置の安定な運転
が可能となる。As described above, according to the present invention,
Mercury, dioxin, and other trace amounts of harmful substances can be removed with high efficiency without cooling the exhaust gas temperature, so that the treatment cost can be significantly reduced and the exhaust gas does not have to be cooled. It is possible to operate the exhaust gas treatment device in a stable manner without worrying about the condensation of acid gas or water in the exhaust gas.
【図１】本発明の一実施例の系統図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来の消石灰を噴霧して排ガス中の酸性ガスを
除去する排ガス処理方法の系統図である。FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a conventional exhaust gas treatment method for spraying slaked lime to remove acidic gas in exhaust gas.
【図３】従来の消石灰を噴霧して排ガス中の酸性ガスと
共に水銀、ダイオキシン等の微量の有害物質を除去する
排ガス処理方法の系統図である。FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an exhaust gas treatment method for spraying slaked lime and removing trace amounts of harmful substances such as mercury and dioxins together with acidic gas in the exhaust gas.
１ 焼却炉 ２ 冷却器 ３ 供給機 ４ サイロ ５ バグフィルター 1 incinerator 2 cooler 3 feeder 4 silo 5 bag filter
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｂ０１Ｄ 53/68 Ｂ０１Ｄ 53/34 １３４ Ａ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication B01D 53/68 B01D 53/34 134 A
Claims (1)
んと共にバグフィルターでろ過集塵して有害物質を除去
する排ガス処理方法において、バグフィルターの上流側
において排ガス中に消石灰と共に活性炭を噴霧すること
を特徴とする排ガス処理方法。1. In an exhaust gas treatment method in which slaked lime is sprayed into exhaust gas to remove harmful substances by filtering dust with a bag filter together with soot and dust, spraying activated carbon together with slaked lime into exhaust gas on the upstream side of the bag filter. An exhaust gas treatment method characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6002476A JPH07204432A (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1994-01-14 | Exhaust gas treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6002476A JPH07204432A (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1994-01-14 | Exhaust gas treatment method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07204432A true JPH07204432A (en) | 1995-08-08 |
Family
ID=11530396
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6002476A Pending JPH07204432A (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1994-01-14 | Exhaust gas treatment method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07204432A (en) |
Cited By (37)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100241771B1 (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2000-02-01 | 강재원 | Method and apparatus for treating harmful gas and dioxins |
| EP1260765A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 | 2002-11-27 | Shiina, Keiji | Combustion additive to reduce dioxin emissions |
| KR100375566B1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-03-12 | (주)씨에프텍 | Semi Dry reacting CYclone BAGfilter(SD-CYBAG) System for eliminating pollutant gas and dust including Mercury and heavy metal |
| KR100450731B1 (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 2005-02-02 | 미우라고교 가부시키카이샤 | Adsorbent for exhaust gas treatment and its adsorption method |
| EP1565245A4 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-06-07 | Univ Texas | Acoustical stimulation of vapor diffusion system and method |
| KR100587490B1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-06-12 | 코오롱건설주식회사 | Treatment apparatus of incineration flue gas |
| US7150779B2 (en) | 2002-04-26 | 2006-12-19 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Modulated acoustic agglomeration system and method |
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-
1994
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