JPH07100794B2 - Extraction method and equipment for coke oven charging - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a steam extraction hole for steam leading to the upper space of a carbonization chamber in a coal seam of a charging coal containing moisture charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber coke oven. And a device therefor.

Conventional technology In the method of producing coke with a chamber-type coke oven,
The charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber is indirectly heated from the combustion chambers on both sides via the furnace wall and is converted into coke. This carbonization chamber has a taper in consideration of the discharge of coke, and the furnace width on the coke side is set to be 50 to 70 mm wider than the machine side. For this reason, in the combustion chamber consisting of 20 to 30 or more flue rows, the coke side is 50 to 70 mm wider than the machine side, as opposed to the carbonization chamber. Also, the temperature of the combustion chamber is 50 to 100 ° C depending on the taper of the furnace width on the coke side rather than the machine side.
The coke formation in the furnace length direction is made uniform by setting it to a high level.

However, the coal-charging work of charging the coke-furnace carbonization chamber is generally performed by a natural drop from a hopper of a coal-charging vehicle through a coal-charging port on the furnace.

For this reason, the area directly below the coal charging port that receives the impact when dropped has a higher charging bulk density than the space between the coal charging port that does not receive the impact when falling and the furnace lid side. This hinders the uniformization of coking in the direction.

In recent years, it has been required to achieve stable improvement of coke quality while improving the efficiency of dry distillation of the coke oven and prolonging the life of the furnace body, and technical development for that purpose is being advanced.

For example, as a method for improving the carbonization efficiency, the humidity control coal charging method for reducing the total water content of the charged coal, which is usually 8 to 10%, to 5 to 6% and the charging coal to 170 to 250 ° C. A preheated coal charging method is known in which dry preheating is performed to reduce the total water content to 2% or less.

These technologies aim to improve the productivity of coke ovens by shortening the time required for carbonization, increase the bulk density of the charge and improve the coke formation by expanding the width of the softening and melting layer of coal during carbonization, and reduce the amount of heat required for carbonization. be able to. However, on the other hand, there is a problem that enormous capital investment is required for drying or preheating the charged coal.

For this reason, the humidified coal charging method and the preheated coal charging method have not come into widespread use and are only used in some coke plants.

Further, the humidified coal charging method and the preheated coal charging method increase the bulk density of the charging in the furnace, and therefore a large coal expansion pressure is applied to the furnace wall during carbonization, which may damage the furnace wall. is there.

Further, as another method for improving the efficiency of carbonization, it is considered to expand the furnace width or furnace height. These are effective when a new coke oven is installed, but they cannot be applied to the existing coke oven, so they do not lead to the improvement of the carbonization efficiency of the existing oven.

Furthermore, the method of improving the heat conductivity by making the furnace wall brick thinner,
Although it has been partially put into practical use, this may impair the robustness of the furnace body and cannot always be adopted.

On the other hand, the simplest method of extending the life of the furnace body is to lower the furnace temperature to carry out low-load operation, but this reduces productivity, which is contradictory to improving the efficiency of carbonization. Is the way. In addition, the recent progress in repair technology has had a great effect on increasing the life of the furnace body, but this is repairing a damaged furnace body and is a post-treatment technology.

As described above, in the prior art, it was extremely difficult to achieve stable improvement of coke quality while achieving both improvement of dry distillation efficiency and extension of life of the furnace body.

The inventors of the present invention conducted a study focusing on the dehydration behavior of the water content of 8 to 11% in the charging coal during the carbonization process. As a result, it was found that the cause of the decrease in the carbonization efficiency when carbonizing the charged coal containing water is the flow of water vapor generated in the coal bed at the initial stage of carbonization to the wall side. Therefore, if the flow is changed from the high temperature furnace wall (at least 1000 ° C or more) to the low temperature carbonization chamber upper space (750 to 850 ° C), the heat transfer efficiency from the furnace wall to the middle part of the coal seam is improved and It was confirmed that the expansion pressure of 1 could be suppressed. Then, after leveling the upper surface of the charged coal containing water charged in the carbonization chamber, the opening member is inserted into the coal layer in the furnace from the coal charging port on the furnace, and the carbonization chamber is pulled out. It was clarified that a bleeding hole leading to the upper space can be provided, and the flow of steam generated in the initial stage of carbonization can be converted from the side wall direction to the upper space direction of the carbonization chamber, and a patent application has already been filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 63-299173. There is.

Various methods are conceivable as a method for providing the extraction holes for extracting steam from the charging coal surface charged in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. The easiest way is to insert it into the coal and pull it out. However, the work of inserting the opening member into the coal layer from the coal charging port and opening the extraction hole is a muscular work in a bad environment due to high temperature, dust and gas, and it is extremely difficult to always perform input, It is desired to mechanically open the bleed hole. Furthermore, it is also desired that the operation of opening the bleed holes be carried out in a short time so as not to disturb the kiln removal cycle.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention After leveling the upper surface of the charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber, in order to mechanically open an extraction hole leading to the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the coal, an opening member It is necessary to have a transfer mechanism for moving the furnace to a predetermined kiln, and a positioning and vertical drive mechanism for inserting the hole member into the furnace width direction center of the charging coal upper surface charged from the charging port. This can be solved by attaching a bleeding hole piercing device consisting of a piercing member and a vertical mechanism of the piercing member to the coal charging car.
Filed as 339567.

However, the extraction hole opening device attached to the coal car has a drawback in that the formation of extraction holes is limited by the number of coal injection ports.

That is, 4 to 5 formed corresponding to 4 to 5 coal charging ports
With 5 extraction holes, the extraction capacity is insufficient for the amount of steam generated from the charging coal, and the flow of steam toward the furnace wall, which hinders improvement of carbonization efficiency and extension of life of the furnace body, is always sufficiently suppressed. Not something you can do.

This difficulty can be solved by forming a large number of extraction holes in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization chamber, but a method of forming such extraction holes in a short time without hindering the coke oven kiln removal operation has hitherto been known. It was not suggested.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a bleed hole capable of sufficiently bleeding steam or the like generated based on the water content of the charged coal in the initial stage of carbonization from the coal bed to the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the coke oven. (EN) A bleeding hole opening method and apparatus for charging coal in a coke oven that can open a large number of holes in the longitudinal direction of a carbonization chamber without disturbing the kiln removal work.

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made various studies to achieve the above object. As a result, after leveling the upper surface of the charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, in order to mechanically open the bleed hole communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the coal bed, the opening member is set to a predetermined size. It is necessary to have a transfer mechanism that can be moved to the kiln, a positioning mechanism and a vertical drive mechanism that can insert the hole member in the center of the charging coal upper surface in the furnace width direction. This can be solved by providing the leveler of the extruder with a bleed hole piercing device including a piercing member and a winding mechanism for the piercing member. The length of the aperture member needs to be within the leveler height, but it has been clarified that the bleed aperture can be opened by its own weight even if the aperture member is short even if it is freely dropped. Reached

That is, the present invention provides a leveler for an extruder in a method of opening a bleed hole communicating with an upper space of a carbonization chamber in a coal bed from an upper surface of a charged coal containing water charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven. The aperture member located at the center of the width direction and having a length within the height of the leveler is allowed to fall freely, and is allowed to enter the inside of the charging coal by its own weight, and then the aperture member is wound by the winding means.

Also, in the device that opens the extraction hole that communicates with the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the coal bed from the upper surface of the charged coal containing moisture charged in the carbonization chamber of the chamber furnace coke oven, the leveler tip width of the extruder The opening member located at the center of the direction and having a length within the height of the leveler capable of free fall and the winding mechanism connected to the upper end of the opening member via the connecting means are installed at the base end of the leveler.

Action In the present invention, the opening member having a length within the leveler height located in the center of the leveler width direction of the extruder is allowed to freely fall, and is allowed to enter the inside of the charging coal by its own weight, and then the opening member is wound by the winding means. By winding up, the extraction hole for extracting steam from the charging coal to the upper space is opened.

Further, an opening member located at the center of the width direction of the leveler tip portion of the extruder and having a length within the height of the leveler capable of free fall and a winding mechanism connected to the upper end of the opening member via a connecting means are installed. Therefore, when leveling is completed after carbonization, the leveler is moved to an arbitrary position, the hole member is allowed to fall freely, and it enters the inside of the charged coal by its own weight, and the winding mechanism winds the hole member to extract it. The pores are opened. By repeating this operation, it is possible to open an arbitrary number of extraction holes at arbitrary positions in the furnace length direction in a short time.

Since many bleed holes in the present invention are preferably opened in a short time, it is advantageous to provide one or more hole members to be installed in the leveler.

Further, as the aperture member, a conical tip gold rod is suitable, and a material having a higher specific gravity is more preferable.

The depth of the bleed holes to be opened is 50 cm or more because the softened layer of coal that alienates the flow of steam during carbonization is formed within a range not exceeding 50 cm from the upper surface of the charging coal. If the diameter of the bleed hole is 30 mm or more, it will not be blocked by the expansion of the softening layer, so it may be 30 mm or more.

A heat-resistant steel wire is suitable as the connecting means for connecting the aperture member and the winding means. An electric motor with a clutch is suitable as the winding means, but any of them is not particularly limited as long as it can be wound after the aperture member is allowed to fall freely.

Example 1 An extraction hole opening method and an opening device of the present invention,
A detailed description will be given based on FIGS. 1 to 3 showing an example of the embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a coke oven in which the extraction method of the extraction holes of the charging coal charged in the coke oven is carried out. The rail (2) laid in the coke oven (1) toward the furnace group Above is
An extruder (3) is movably mounted. In this extruder (3), the ram beam (5) for discharging the red hot coke in the carbonization chamber (4), which had been carbonized, and the upper surface of the charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber (4) were evenly leveled. A leveler (6) forming a gas path is installed.

Further, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are a plan view and a side view showing an essential part in the case where two sets of the extraction hole opening device of the present invention are provided, and the width direction of the leveler (6) of the extruder (3). A bleed hole opening device (20) is attached to the central portion. This bleed hole opening device (20) includes an opening member (21) and a wire rope (2
2), a winding mechanism (23) and a position sensor (24).

The aperture member (21) is positioned at the center of the leveler (6) in the width direction, and has a length within the leveler height, and prevents the leveler (6) from moving in and out of the furnace lid leveling port (12). It is installed so that it does not exist. Further, the hoisting mechanism (23) is connected to the upper end of the hole opening member (21) via the pulley (25) by the wire rope (22), and by releasing the clutch of the hoisting mechanism (23), the hole opening member (21). ) Falls freely and enters the charging coal by its own weight to form a bleed hole (26), and the position sensor (24) adjusts the vertical position of the hole member (21).

Further, the opening member (21) that has entered the charging coal is stored in the leveler (6) by winding the wire rope (22) by taking over the clutch of the winding mechanism (23). Has been done.

Since the extruder (3) is configured as described above, the extruder (3) runs to a predetermined firing position of the carbonization chamber (4) and is stopped. After removing the furnace lid (7), the ram beam (5) is advanced to carbonize. The coke in the chamber (4) is pushed out to the fire extinguisher (9) through the coke guide (8), and then the furnace lid (7) is attached.

On the other hand, from a coal car (not shown) on the furnace of the coke oven (1), charged coal is charged through the coal discharge port (10) of the carbonization chamber (4) from which the coke is discharged.

When the charging of the charging coal is completed, the leveler (6) is inserted through the leveling port (12) of the furnace lid (7) and moved back and forth to level the upper surface of the charging coal (11). When the leveling is completed, the leveler (6) is stopped at a predetermined position, the clutch of the hoisting mechanism (23) is released, the aperture member (21) is allowed to fall freely, and it is inserted into the charging coal (11) by its own weight. Immediately after that, start the winding mechanism (23) and connect the clutch,
When the wire rope (22) is wound and the aperture member (21) is housed in the leveler (6), a bleed hole (26) communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber (4) is formed in the coal seam.

The operation of opening the bleeding holes is repeated by sequentially retracting the leveler (6) to a predetermined position and repeating the operation, so that an arbitrary number of bleeding holes are formed at any position of the charging coal (11) charged in the carbonization chamber (4). (2
6) can be opened.

Example 2 A coke oven having a furnace height of 7125 mm, a furnace length of 16500 mm and a furnace width of 460 mm was charged with a charging coal having a total water content of 9.2% shown in Table 1 under the operating conditions of an average flue temperature of 1210 ° C. and an average carbonization time of 22 hours. After charging, the upper surface of the charging coal (11) was leveled by the leveler (6) using the extruder (3) described in Example 1, and then installed in the leveler (6) as described in Example 1. Opening member made of tungsten carbide with a 45 ° conical tip, diameter 48 mm, length 350 mm, weight 11 kg (21)
The leveler (6) is retracted by 2.8 m and the winding mechanism (2
Bleed hole (26) that leads to the upper space of the carbonization chamber with a depth of 150 cm by repeating the operation of 3) to infiltrate the charging coal (11)
Were opened at a pitch of about 1.4 m.

Using the extruder (3) thus equipped with the extraction hole opening device (20), extraction holes (26) communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber during the charging of the coal charged into the carbonization chamber (4). The result of coke oven operation with the provision of
Shown in the table.

As shown in Table 2, in the case of the method of the present invention, the total time of the extrusion work is only extended by 50 seconds required for the bleed hole opening work,
It did not significantly affect the kiln removal work.

In addition, even during the opening of the bleeding hole, suction from the uniform dust collection hood and injection of high-pressure low-pressure water were continued to maintain a negative pressure in the carbonization chamber.
Dust generation during the opening work was no different from the conventional method.

As described above, the method of the present invention is an effective method of opening the extraction holes without causing any problems that hinder the extrusion work due to the operations of opening the extraction holes.

Further, the influence on the operation of the coke oven, in the case of the method of the present invention,
The time required to reach 900 ° C was reduced by 1.0 hour, and it is recognized that the effect of promoting carbonization is great. As a result, the carbonization temperature of the coke rises, the drum strength rises, and its variation is reduced, which is effective in stabilizing the coke quality in a stable manner. Furthermore, the extrusion current value during coke extrusion was reduced by 24 amps, the coal expansion pressure during carbonization was reduced, and it is estimated that the skin of the coke cake was sufficiently separated from the oven wall. It is also effective in terms of conservation.

Example 3 Height 7210 mm, length 7920 mm, width provided at the end of coke oven cluster
Using an actual furnace-sized (length 1/2) test apparatus with a volume of 450 mm and a volume of 25.7 m ³ , charging coal was charged with an actual coal car, and then leveling was performed using the extruder described in Example 1. , 48mm (a) and 90mm in diameter with the tip made of tungsten carbide as a conical shape of 45 ° as the opening member of the attached extraction hole opening device
Using the gold rod of (b), only the length is 350mm, 250mm, 150mm
The extraction hole opening test was carried out by changing to the three stages of No. 3, and the gold rod weight and the gold rod penetration depth were measured. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, when a 350 mm long gold rod was used, it was possible to open bleed holes up to 1.5 m in diameter 48 mm and 1.8 m in diameter 90 mm.

It is apparent from FIG. 4 that the extraction hole depth can be further increased if the material of the gold rod is platinum, iridium or the like having a heavier specific gravity.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the extraction hole opening method and the opening device of the present invention, the extraction holes communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber during the coke extrusion work are opened without any hindrance to the kiln removal work. Since it is possible to make holes, it is extremely effective for promoting the efficiency of dry distillation, improving the stability of coke quality, and preserving the furnace body when dry-charging charged coal containing water in a coke oven with a chamber furnace.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view in the furnace length direction of a coke oven for carrying out the extraction hole opening method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing an essential part of the same extraction hole opening device, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gold bar weight and the gold bar penetration depth of Example 3. 1 ... Coke oven, 2 ... Rail, 3 ... Extruder, 4 ... Carbonization chamber, 5 ... Ram beam, 6 ... Leveler, 7 ... Furnace lid, 8 ... Coke guide, 9 ... Fire extinguisher , 10 …… Coal charging port, 11 …… Charging coal, 12 …… Leveling port, 20 …… Bleed hole opening device, 21 …… Opening member, 22 …… Wire rope, 23 …… Winding mechanism, 24 …… Position sensor, 25 …… Pulley, 26 …… Bleed hole,

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A leveler for an extruder in a method of opening a bleed hole communicating with an upper space of a carbonization chamber in a coal bed from an upper surface of a charged coal containing water charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven. A coke oven characterized in that an opening member having a length within the height of the leveler located in the center in the width direction is allowed to freely fall, and is allowed to enter the inside of the charging coal by its own weight, and then the opening member is wound up by a winding means. Extraction hole opening method for charging coal. 2. A leveler of an extruder in a device for opening a bleed hole communicating with an upper space of a carbonization chamber in a coal bed from an upper surface of a charged coal containing water charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven. An opening member located at the center of the tip width direction and having a length within the height of the leveler capable of free fall, and a winding mechanism connected to the upper end of the opening member via a connecting means at the base end of the leveler. An extraction hole opening device for charging coal in a coke oven.