JPH0686116B2 - Screen printing method and screen printing machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a screen printing method and a screen printing machine used for producing printed wirings, thick film ICs, hybrid circuits, and the like.

[Conventional technology]

Screen printing is a gauze (screen) stretched over a gauze frame.
Then, a screen printing plate was produced by forming a figure and a pattern consisting of an opening and a non-opening mainly by a photoengraving method, printing ink was placed on the screen printing plate, and a squeegee was slid on the gauze surface. By pushing out the ink from the opening, the figure on the surface to be printed placed under the gauze,
This is a printing method that transfers a pattern.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of a state where screen printing is performed by a conventional screen printing machine. In the figure, a gauze frame 1 includes a gauze 3 on a rectangular frame body 2 made of wood or metal.
Are attached by a method in which the four sides are pulled so as to have a predetermined tension, and are attached by another method. When printing is performed, a space (gap) d is formed between the printing object 5 and the gauze 3 which are mounted and fixed on the printing table (stage) 4 by vacuum suction or another method, and the frame 2 is fixed. After fixing, set the gauze frame 1 in the printer body. At this time, the gauze 3 is in a state of being stretched horizontally as shown by a chain double-dashed line. In this state, ink 6 on the gauze 3
And then press the squeegee 7 against the gauze 3 to form a gauze 3
Is pressed against and brought into contact with the surface of the material to be printed 5. At this time, gauze 3
Is extended to the state shown by the solid line. In this state, the squeegee 7 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the ink 6 is transferred to the print object 5 through the opening of the gauze 3. Then, with the movement of the squeegee 7, the gauze 3 is sequentially caused by its tension.
Printing is performed by moving the position of contact with the material to be printed 5 while so-called plate separation.

By the way, the gauze 3 is a fiber such as nylon or polyester,
Alternatively, it is formed by etching a woven fabric using a stainless wire or a metal or by a plating method. In general, the gauze made of chemical fiber has elasticity, so that the gap d can be increased, and since the elasticity is large and the gap is large, plate separation is good. Therefore, the dimensional accuracy of the line width of the printing pattern is good. Is good, but the cumulative dimensional accuracy is poor. On the other hand, metal gauze
Since the amount of expansion of the squeegee with respect to the pressing force is small, the gap d must be made small. However, since the expansion is small and the gap is small, the dimensional accuracy of the graphic pattern is good, and each of the features has good characteristics.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in the case of any type of gauze, in the conventional screen printing method as shown in FIG. 4, printing is not performed unless contact printing is performed with the gauze surface and the surface to be printed in complete contact. The fate of the printing plate is the elongation of the printing plate according to the printing pressure of the squeegee, the transfer stroke, etc., and this elongation is one of the causes of deterioration in printing accuracy. This point will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5 and FIGS. 6 and 1 described later, for convenience of understanding, the degree of deformation of the gauze frame, the amount of movement of the frame body, the distance between the gauze and the surface to be printed, etc. It is exaggerated from the state.

In the gauze frame 1, the length (AE) of the gauze 3 when stretched horizontally on the frame body 2 is L, and the squeegee of the gauze 3 (fifth
The length of the gauze 3 (A-B'- in the state in which a part of the gauze 3 is brought into contact with the surface 8 to be printed) by pressing (not shown in the figure)
E) is L + dl, the elongation between _AB is dl _AB = dl · S /
The elongation between L and B-E is dl _BE = dl · (LS) / L.
The length between A and B ′ is L _AB ′ = S + dl _BE , B′−
The length between E is _LB'E = ( _LB ) + dl _AB . Therefore, the position B of the printing plate when the gauze 3 is stretched horizontally is the position B ″ when the gauze 3 is pressed by the squeegee and is in contact with the surface 8 to be printed. In the central portion, a position C'where the gauze 3 and the printing surface 8 are in contact with each other, and a position C of the printing plate in a state where the gauze 3 is stretched horizontally, the gauze 3 is in contact with the printing surface 8 And the position C ″ at On the other hand, the position D of the printing plate when the gauze 3 is stretched horizontally becomes the position D ″ when the gauze 3 is in contact with the surface 8 to be printed, and the contact position D between the gauze 3 and the surface 8 to be printed is The position shifts from ′.

As described above, according to the conventional screen printing method, in the central portion of the printing plate, the position of the printing plate in the state where the gauze 3 is horizontally stretched and the gauze 3 is pressed by the squeegee and contacts the surface 8 to be printed. Although there is no misalignment between the printing plate and the above-mentioned position in the above state, at the edges of the printing plate, misalignment occurs between them in the horizontal direction, The position shift becomes large. In this way, since the amount of deviation between the printing plate and the printed matter differs depending on the position of the printing plate, it is not possible to perform highly accurate printing when viewing the entire printed matter.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, one side of the frame body is fixed, and the frame body 14 facing in parallel with the solid frame body 12 is attached to the side frame body 1.
Between 6 and 16, movably held in a horizontal plane while maintaining a parallel state to the fixed frame body 12, and between the fixed frame body 12 and the movable frame body 14, an extremely small stretch gauze, for example, A gauze (metal screen) 18 made of metal is stretched, and further, the movable coil frame 14 is urged by a tension coil spring 20 in a direction in which tension is applied to the gauze 18 with a loose tension so that the gauze 18 does not loosen. It is conceivable to configure the gauze frame 10 in this way and perform screen printing using the gauze frame 10 having such a configuration. This case will be described with reference to FIG.

When a squeegee (not shown) is pressed against the horizontally stretched gauze 18 to bring a part of the gauze 18 into contact with the surface 8 to be printed, the movable frame 14 is moved horizontally with the pressing operation of the squeegee. In order to move to the solid frame 12 inside, gauze 18
Deforms without stretching. Therefore, the point P, which is separated from the fixed point F of the fixed frame body 12 by the distance S + a, comes into contact with the printed surface 8 at the point P ′, and the position shift occurs. In this case, the point P on the gauze 18 which is stretched horizontally and the gauze 18 is on the printed surface 8
The amount of deviation a in the horizontal direction from the point P ′ on the printing surface 8 in the state of contact with Becomes Also, the point Q on the gauze 18 which is stretched horizontally,
When the gauze 18 is in contact with the surface 8 to be printed, the amount b of deviation in the horizontal direction from the point Q ′ on the surface 8 to be printed is Becomes In this way, the printing plate is also used in the screen printing method in which one frame is fixed and the other is movable, and a gauze frame is used in which gauze with a very small stretch is stretched between the frames. The amount of deviation between the printing plate and the printed matter varies depending on the position of. Then, in the above example, a
> B, and when a squeegee is moved on the gauze 18 to print the figure or pattern of the printed matter, the figure and pattern of the printed matter are extended by ab in comparison with the printing plate, and the accuracy is improved. High-quality printing cannot be performed.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
Technically, it is possible to obtain a printed matter in which the figure and pattern of the printed matter are transferred as they are, so that the displacement amount between the printing plate and the printed matter can always be made constant regardless of the position of the printing plate. An object of the present invention is to provide a screen printing method and a screen printing machine that can perform highly accurate printing.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention provides, as a means for achieving the above object, a fixed frame body and a movable frame that faces the fixed frame body in parallel and is movable in a horizontal plane while maintaining a parallel state to the fixed frame body. A gauze whose stretch is negligible is stretched between the body and the movable frame body, and the gauze frame is urged in a direction to apply tension to the gauze. Press the gauze vertically from above with a squeegee to bring the gauze into contact with the surface to be printed, move the squeegee directly in one direction while sliding the gauze onto the gauze surface, and follow the pattern and pattern of the printing plate formed on the gauze. When transferring the printing ink on the gauze to the surface to be printed, at any position of the printing plate in the state where the gauze is stretched horizontally, and in the state where the gauze is pressed by the squeegee and is in contact with the surface to be printed, With the contact position on the printing surface at any position Screen printing is performed by moving the gauze frame in the vertical direction according to the moving position of the squeegee while keeping the parallel state to the surface to be printed so that the positional deviation in the horizontal direction is always constant. And

When moving the gauze frame in the vertical direction, It is recommended to follow the formula (1) or a linear formula that is linearly approximated. In the above equation, M is the moving distance of the gauze frame,
S is the distance from one side of the gauze on the fixed frame side of the gauze frame to the squeegee stroke start position, G is the distance between the gauze of the gauze frame and the surface to be printed, and x is the movement distance of the squeegee.

Further, the screen printing machine according to the present invention includes a solid frame body and a movable frame body that faces the fixed frame body in parallel and is movable in a horizontal plane while maintaining a parallel state to the fixed frame body. In the meantime, a gauze having a stretch that can be ignored is stretched, and a gauze frame formed by urging the movable frame body in a direction to apply tension to the gauze is maintained in a state parallel to the printing surface. While supporting vertically above the printing table so that it can move vertically, and in conjunction with the movement of the squeegee that moves linearly in one direction while slidingly contacting the gauze surface of the gauze frame, In a state where the arbitrary position and the gauze are pressed by the squeegee and are in contact with the surface to be printed, the positional deviation in the horizontal direction between the contact position to the surface to be printed at the arbitrary position of the printing plate is always constant, At the moving position of the squeegee Flip and is configured to provide a synchronous control mechanism for moving in the vertical direction.

The interlocking control mechanism may be configured to move the gauze frame in the vertical direction according to the above-described formula or a linear formula that is a linear approximation of the formula.

[Action]

In the screen printing method described above, in the process of pressing the gauze of the gauze frame vertically from above with a squeegee to bring the gauze into contact with the surface to be printed, and linearly moving in one direction while sliding the squeegee into contact with the gauze surface, Depending on the moving position of the squeegee, the movable frame moves in the horizontal plane while maintaining the parallel state to the solid frame body, and the gauze frame moves in the vertical direction while maintaining the parallel state to the printing surface. ,
The amount of misalignment in the horizontal direction between the figure and pattern of the printing plate in the state where the gauze is stretched horizontally and the printed matter on which the gauze is transferred is the same at all positions of the printing plate.
Therefore, it is possible to obtain a printed matter on which the figure and the pattern of the printing plate are transferred as they are.

Then, when moving the gauze frame in the vertical direction, either by following the above formula or following a linear formula that is a linear approximation of that formula,
The amount of deviation between the printing plate and the printed matter becomes almost constant regardless of the position of the printing plate. Further, since the gap can be set without considering the accumulated position error, it is good for the plate separation.

Further, according to the screen printing machine having the above configuration, the above printing can be performed.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The gauze frame used in this screen printing has the structure shown in FIG. 2, and since the structure is as described above, its explanation is omitted here.

This screen printing machine has a gauze frame 10 configured as shown in FIG.
Is supported above the printing table of the main body of the printing machine so as to be able to reciprocate in the vertical direction while always maintaining a parallel state with respect to the printing surface mounted and fixed on the printing table by means such as vacuum suction. The moving mechanism may be configured using a known means. The interlocking control mechanism is configured to move in a vertical direction in accordance with the movement position of the squeegee in association with the movement of the squeegee that linearly moves in one direction while slidingly contacting the gauze surface of the gauze frame. . The interlocking control mechanism is configured to move the gauze frame in the vertical direction by mechanically interlocking with the movement of the squeegee, and detects the movement position of the squeegee and moves the gauze frame in the vertical direction based on the detection signal. Various configurations are conceivable, such as a configuration in which the microcomputer controls the movement of the squeegee and the movement of the gauze frame in the vertical direction, but any means may be used.

Next, the moving distance of the gauze frame in the vertical direction will be described with reference to FIG.

The distance between the gauze 18 of the gauze frame and the printing surface 8 before the start of printing is G, the distance from the fixed point F of the gauze 18 on the fixed frame 12 side to the squeegee stroke start point is S, and the printing start point P of the printing plate is , X is the moving distance of the squeegee (not shown) and M is the moving distance of the gauze frame in the vertical direction, the gauze 18 is pressed from above by the squeegee and is deformed as shown by the solid line to print the printing plate. When the starting point P contacts the printed surface 8 at the point P ', the horizontal shift amount a between the point P on the gauze 18 and the point' on the printed surface 8 is Becomes Next, by moving the squeegee in the direction of the movable frame body 14 while slidingly contacting the gauze surface, and by moving the gauze frame in the vertical direction, the gauze 18 is deformed as shown by the chain double-dashed line, and the printing plate Assuming that the printing end point R of R contacts the surface 8 to be printed at a point R ', the horizontal shift amount a'between the point R on the gauze 18 and the point R'on the surface 8 to be printed is Becomes When the equation (2) is expanded, (G + M) ² = 2a′E + a ′ ² (3), and when both displacement amounts are a = a ′, (G + M) ² = 2aE + a ² (4), Since E = S + x (5), substituting the equations (1) and (5) into the equation (4), Is obtained. Then, in this equation (6), since S and G are initial fixed values, the moving distance M of the gauze frame in the vertical direction is M.
Is the moving distance x of the squeegee from the printing start point P of the printing plate.
If the mesh frame is moved in the vertical direction according to the equation (6), the positional shift amount a in the horizontal direction between the printing plate and the printed matter can be obtained regardless of the position on the printing plate. Can always be constant.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the horizontal movement distance x (horizontal axis) of the squeegee and the vertical movement distance M (vertical axis) of the squeegee when S = 65 mm and G = 1-5 mm. A curve is shown. Curves I, II, III, IV and V respectively represent cases where the distance G between the gauze and the surface to be printed is 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm.

Here, the expression (6) is an expression calculated on the assumption that the squeegee makes a line contact with the printing surface, but in reality, the squeegee blade elastically deforms and makes a surface contact with the printing surface. . When S = 65 mm, G = 2 mm, and x = 0 to 150 mm, for example, the error of the squeegee position (x) is ±
Assuming that there is only 1 mm, the error of the moving distance M of the gauze frame is within ± 15 μm, the error of the printing plate displacement amount a is within ± 0.5 μm, and the error due to elastic deformation of the squeegee blade can be almost ignored. .

Further, the curve II (condition of S = 65 mm, G = 2 mm) in FIG. 3 is linearly approximated to obtain the linear expression M ′ = (1.75 / 150) · X (7) or the linear expression M ′ = (1.70 / 150) · x ··· (8), and if the mesh frame is controlled to move in the vertical direction according to the linear expression, the error of the displacement a of the printing plate at x = 0 to 150 mm is expressed by the expression (7). ± 2.0μm, according to
When the formula (8) is followed, it falls within the allowable range of ± 1.8 μm. Therefore, the control system can be simplified by linearly approximating the equation (6) and performing linear control according to the linear equation.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, when performing screen printing by the method according to the present invention and using the screen printing machine according to the present invention, regardless of the position of the printing plate. Since the amount of positional deviation between the printing plate and the printed matter is always constant, it is possible to obtain a printed matter in which the figures and patterns of the printing plate are transferred as they are,
Highly accurate printed matter can be obtained.

According to the invention described in claim 2 or 5, the amount of deviation between the printing plate and the printed matter can be substantially constant regardless of the position of the printing plate, and the figure and the pattern of the printing plate remain unchanged. A transferred printed matter is obtained. Further, according to the invention described in claim 3 or 6, the control system can be further simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view for explaining the screen printing method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of a gauze frame used in the screen printing machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship curve between the horizontal movement distance of the squeegee and the vertical movement distance of the gauze frame in this screen printing, and FIG. 4 is screen printing by a conventional screen printing machine. Fifth schematic side view of state
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view for explaining a problem in the conventional screen printing method shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a schematic side view for explaining a problem in another conventional screen printing method. is there. 8 ... Printed surface, 10 ... Mesh frame, 12 ... Fixed frame body, 14 ... Movable frame body, 18 ... Mesh frame, 20 ... Tension coil spring, a, a '... Misalignment.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kyohei Hashimoto Kyohei Horikawa-dori Teranouchi, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto Prefecture 1-Dai Nippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. 1 Tenjin Kitamachi No. 1 (72) Inventor Takayuki Baba 322, Hazushishi Furukawa-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, Japan Ochinishi Factory, Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. (72) Koichi Kyougaki, 322 Hazushi-Furukawa-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsuruo Matsumoto 77 Excel-engineering Co., Ltd., 77, Nishikyogoku-Kyosho-machi, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture (56) References JP-A-1-182047 (JP, A) JP-A-1-306244 (JP, A ) JP-A-53-59521 (JP, A) JP-A-1-278347 (JP, A) JP-A-1-280558 (JP, A) Actual development Sho-57 199444 (JP, U)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An expansion is neglected between a fixed frame body and a movable frame body which is parallel to the fixed frame body and is movable in a horizontal plane while maintaining a parallel state to the fixed frame body. Use a gauze frame in which the gauze is stretched to the extent possible, and the movable frame is urged in a direction to apply tension to the gauze, and the gauze of the gauze frame is vertically moved from above by a squeegee. Press the gauze into contact with the surface to be printed, and move the squeegee linearly in one direction while sliding it against the surface of the gauze to print the printing ink on the gauze according to the pattern and pattern of the printing plate formed on the gauze. Upon transfer to, the arbitrary position of the printing plate in the state where the gauze is stretched horizontally and the state where the gauze is pressed by the squeegee and is in contact with the surface to be printed, to the surface to be printed at the arbitrary position of the printing plate The horizontal displacement from the contact position is always constant So as, a screen printing method, which comprises the Shawaku in accordance with the movement position of the squeegee, so as to move in the vertical direction while maintaining a parallel state with respect to the print surface. 2. The screen printing method according to claim 1, wherein the gauze frame is moved in the vertical direction according to the following equation. (However, M: movement distance of the gauze frame, S: distance from one side of the gauze on the fixed frame side of the gauze frame to the squeegee stroke start position, G:
(The distance between the gauze of the gauze frame and the surface to be printed before starting printing, x: squeegee movement distance) 3. The screen printing method according to claim 1, wherein the gauze frame is moved in the vertical direction according to a linear expression obtained by linearly approximating the following expression. (However, M: movement distance of the gauze frame, S: distance from one side of the gauze on the fixed frame side of the gauze frame to the squeegee stroke start position, G:
(The distance between the gauze of the gauze frame and the surface to be printed before starting printing, x: squeegee movement distance) 4. A stretch is neglected between a fixed frame body and a movable frame body which is parallel to the fixed frame body and is movable in a horizontal plane while maintaining a parallel state to the fixed frame body. As much gauze is stretched as possible and the movable frame is urged in a direction to apply tension to the gauze, and the gauze frame can be moved in the vertical direction while maintaining the parallel state to the printing surface. As the upper side of the printing table, and in conjunction with the movement of the squeegee that moves directly in one direction while sliding in contact with the gauze surface of the gauze frame, at any position on the printing plate with the gauze horizontally stretched, Is pressed by the squeegee and is in contact with the surface to be printed, and the contact position to the surface to be printed at the arbitrary position of the printing plate, so that the positional deviation in the horizontal direction is always constant, A station that moves vertically according to the movement position. Screen printing machine, characterized in that a control mechanism. 5. The screen printing machine according to claim 4, wherein the interlocking control mechanism moves the gauze frame in the vertical direction according to the following equation. (However, M: movement distance of the gauze frame, S: distance from one side of the gauze on the fixed frame side of the gauze frame to the squeegee stroke start position, G:
(The distance between the gauze of the gauze frame and the surface to be printed before starting printing, x: squeegee movement distance) 6. The screen printing machine according to claim 4, wherein the interlocking control mechanism moves the gauze frame in the vertical direction in accordance with a linear expression obtained by linearly approximating the following expression. (However, M: movement distance of the gauze frame, S: distance from one side of the gauze on the fixed frame side of the gauze frame to the squeegee stroke start position, G:
(The distance between the gauze of the gauze frame and the surface to be printed before starting printing, x: squeegee movement distance)