JPH067432A - Blood constituent separating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a blood constituent separating apparatus capable of trapping, separating, or recovering blood cells or trapping a blood coagulating material from a large quantity of blood or a blood cell floating liquid surely and efficiently in a short time with a simple action. CONSTITUTION:A blood constituent separating apparatus is provided with a housing having a blood inflow port 12a and a filtered liquid outflow port 16b and a blood constituent separating filter fixed in the housing and dividing the housing into a blood chamber 22 communicated with the blood inflow port 12a and a filtered liquid chamber 32 communicated with the filtered liquid outflow port 16b. The filter is pinched by projections formed at corresponding positions on the blood chamber 22 and the filtered liquid chamber 32 in the housing. When the filter is kept in the vertical direction, the blood flowing into the housing from the blood inflow port 12a flows into the blood chamber 22 from the lower end of the blood chamber 22, and the filtered liquid in the filtered liquid chamber 32 flows to the outside of the filtered liquid chamber 32 from the upper end of the filtered liquid chamber 32 toward the filtered liquid outflow port 16b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an instrument for separating blood components,
More specifically, it relates to a blood component separation device for capturing and separating blood cells from a large amount of blood or a blood cell suspension.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, in order to provide only a component needed by a patient for component transfusion, blood cells, red blood cells, white blood cells,
Separation of blood cells such as platelets and plasma is actively carried out. Conventionally, a blood processing apparatus as shown in FIG. 6 has been disclosed as a blood component separation device for capturing and separating white blood cells and platelets from a large amount of blood or a blood cell suspension by a simple operation and a short processing time. (For example, JP-A-6
No. 1-128979).

When using the blood processing apparatus 100 as described above, first, a physiological saline solution is flown into the apparatus for priming, and then,
A procedure is usually taken in which blood is passed through, and physiological saline is flown in order to push out the blood that has stagnated inside and then rinsed. That is, after priming with physiological saline, blood is allowed to flow from the blood inlet 102, and the target components, such as white blood cells and platelets, are selectively captured by the fillers 104 and 105 that are filter media, and the target components are The blood thus removed passes through the fillers 104 and 105 and flows out from the blood outlet 108. Next, a physiological saline solution is added to the blood inlet 1 in order to collect the blood remaining in the blood filter.
No. 02, the inside of the filter is rinsed, and residual red blood cells are caused to flow out from the blood outlet 108 together with the physiological saline.

However, since physiological saline has a lower specific gravity than blood and does not contain blood cells such as erythrocytes that cause filtration resistance, the physiological saline is mainly filtered on the upper part of the filler, which is a filtering material. Since it flows, the blood in the blood inlet side space (blood chamber) cannot be sufficiently rinsed, and there is a problem in collecting blood cells such as the above-mentioned red blood cells.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to obtain white blood cells and white blood cells reliably and efficiently from a large amount of blood or blood cell suspension by a simple operation and in a short time. Another object of the present invention is to provide an instrument for separating blood components capable of capturing and separating or collecting platelets or capturing a blood coagulating substance.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a housing having a blood inlet and a filtrate outlet, a blood chamber fixed in the housing and communicating with the blood inlet, and A blood component separation device comprising a filter for separating blood components that divides into a filtrate chamber that communicates with a filtrate outlet and the filter is used in a state in which the filter is in a vertical direction, and the blood chamber and the filtrate chamber are both The filter is composed of a space surrounded by an inner surface of the housing and a filter, and the filter is sandwiched by protrusions formed on a portion of the inner surface of the housing corresponding to the blood chamber and the filtrate chamber. Blood flowing into the housing from the inflow port flows into the blood chamber from the lower end of the blood chamber, and the filtrate in the filtrate chamber is Blood component separation instrument is provided which is characterized by being configured as directed from the liquid chamber upper end to flow out to the filtrate outdoor filtrate outlet.

Further, it is preferable that an angle formed by a line connecting the blood inlet and the blood chamber inlet and a line connecting the filtrate outlet and the filtrate chamber outlet is 90 ° or less.

The present invention will be described in more detail below.
The blood component separation (blood treatment) in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, separation and removal of leukocytes from blood or blood cell suspension, blood cells such as platelets, and removal of degenerative components in blood. , Filtering by a filter member and removal or trapping of the target component using adsorption.

The housing used in the device for separating blood components of the present invention may be any housing that does not alter the blood quality and is easy to manufacture, and may be any known housing except its shape. The housing has a blood inlet and a filtrate outlet, and a blood component separation filter that divides the inside of the housing into a blood chamber communicating with the blood inlet and a filtrate chamber communicating with the filtrate outlet can be fixed. The filter may have any shape as long as it can be used in the vertical direction, for example, it can be divided into a blood inlet side portion and a filtrate outlet side portion, and the filter is interposed therebetween. You may

The shape of the blood chamber and the shape of the filtrate chamber may be any shape and have any thickness as long as blood and filtrate are uniformly dispersed on the surface of the filter member and do not stay for a long time. You may have.

In the device for separating blood components of the present invention, when the blood separating filter is used in a vertical direction, the blood flowing into the housing through the blood inlet is surrounded by the filter and the inner surface of the housing. The blood chamber is configured to flow into the blood chamber from the lower end of the blood chamber. Further, at this time, in the blood component separation device of the present invention, the filtrate in the filtrate chamber constituted by the space surrounded by the filter and the inner surface of the housing is
It is preferable that the upper end of the filtrate chamber flows out of the filtrate chamber toward the filtrate outlet.

The blood component separating filter member used in the present invention may be any known member except its shape as long as it can be used in a state of being in the vertical direction, and may be any member capable of suitably separating blood components, for example, A filter member made of a layered fibrous material or a plate-shaped porous sponge material, or a filter member having an adsorbent supported on these filter members is preferable.

The fibrous material is preferably a fiber that does not denature blood. For example, natural fibers include cotton and silk, regenerated fibers include cupra ammonium rayon, semi-synthetic fibers include cellulose acetate, and synthetic fibers. Examples thereof include polyamide, aromatic polyamide, polyester, polyacrylonitrile-based, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene and polypropylene. Examples of the porous spongy material include foamed polyurethane. As the adsorbent, a hydrophilic insoluble solid having an acidic functional group, a styrene-divinylbenzene-based granular porous solid, an insoluble solid containing a low molecular weight substance containing sugar phosphoric acid,
An adsorbent that adsorbs blood cells such as activated carbon, proteins, electrolytes and harmful substances is preferable.

An example of a blood component separation instrument according to the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings and will be described in more detail based on preferred embodiments. FIG. 1 is a front view of the blood component separation device of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views thereof. The blood component separation device 10 according to the present invention is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 3, 3, 4a and 4b, the filter member 20 is provided with a housing including a housing 14 having a blood inflow passage 12 and a housing 18 having a filtrate outflow passage 16.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4a, the inflow side housing 14 has a tubular body 13 constituting the blood inflow passage 12 on the outer side, and the blood chamber in the inner center part. 22 has a recess, and a plurality of protrusions 24 for sandwiching and supporting the filter member 20 in the recess,
A circular container having a circular shoulder portion 26 for sandwiching the filter member 20 in the inner peripheral portion, a circular convex portion 28 that fits with the outflow side housing 18, and a shoulder portion 30.

The tubular body 13 is arranged on the outside of the inflow side housing 14 which is a circular container so as to traverse substantially the diameter thereof. One end of the tubular body 13 has a housing 14
It is configured so that it can be connected to a connecting pipe such as a tube, and the end portion becomes the blood inlet 12a.
The other end of the blood inflow passage 12 communicates with the opening 12b provided at the end of the above-mentioned recess inside the housing 14, constitutes an outlet of the blood inflow passage 12, and at the same time serves as an inlet to the blood chamber 22.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4b, the outlet housing 18 is the inlet housing 1
It is preferable to have the same structure as that of the inflow side housing 14 except for the outer peripheral portion that fits with the housing 4. That is, the tubular body 17 that constitutes the filtrate outflow passage 16 is provided on the outer side, and the inner central portion is provided with
The filtrate chamber 32 has a recess, and a plurality of protrusions 34 for sandwiching and supporting the filter member 20 in the recess are provided, and the inner peripheral portion abuts the convex portion of the inflow-side housing 14 and the filter member. Circular shoulder 3 for holding 20
6 and a circular convex portion 38 that abuts and fits on the shoulder portion 30 of the housing 14.

The tubular body 17 is arranged outside the outlet-side housing 18, which is a circular container, so as to traverse substantially the same diameter. One end of the tubular body 17 is a housing 18
It is configured so that it can be connected to a connecting pipe such as a tube and projects from the outer periphery of the filtrate, and this end becomes the filtrate outlet 16b.
The other end of the filtrate outflow passage 16 communicates with an opening 16a provided at the end of the above-mentioned recess inside the housing 18, constitutes an inlet of the filtrate inflow passage 16, and serves as an outlet from the filtrate chamber 32.

The inflow-side housing 14 and the outflow-side housing 18 are located on the same side where the blood inlet 12a and the filtrate chamber side opening 16a are opposed to each other, and the blood chamber side opening 12b and the filtrate outlet 16b are provided. It is preferable that they are fitted so that and are at the opposite positions on the same side.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, when the filter member 20 is used in the vertical direction with the blood inlet 12a facing upward and the filtrate outlet 16b facing downward, Opening 12b which is the entrance of blood to the blood chamber 22
Needs to be provided at the lower end of the blood chamber 22, while the opening 16a which is the outlet of the filtrate from the filtrate chamber 32 is preferably provided at the upper end of the filtrate chamber 32.

The blood inlet 12a and the blood chamber 22 are also provided.
And a line connecting the openings 12b, which are inlets to the filtrate, and the filtrate outlet 16
The angle formed by a and the line connecting the opening 16b serving as the outlet from the filtrate chamber 32 is preferably 90 ° or less. The reason for this is that when the angle exceeds 90 °, the flow of blood, blood suspension, physiological saline, etc. may be stopped or blocked, or channeling may be caused to flow only a part of the filter member 20, and a suitable blood treatment may be performed. This is because it will not be done.

The outer periphery of the filter member 20 is a circular shoulder portion 26 of the inflow side housing 14 and an outflow side housing 18.
It is a layered product having a circular two-layer structure in which it is sandwiched tightly with the circular shoulder portion 36 and the center portion is sandwiched by the protrusions 24 and 34. The filter member 20 is the inflow housing 1
4 and the outflow-side housing 18 are fitted in the space so as to completely separate the space formed by the depression in the central portion thereof into the blood chamber 22 and the filtrate chamber 32. The above-mentioned materials and passage resistance can be determined so that the filter member 20 can be filtered or adsorbed according to the target component.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4b, the blood inflow passage 12 and the filtrate outflow passage 16 of the blood component separating device 10 are composed of tubular bodies 13 and 17, respectively.
The cross section is not limited to this, and may have any shape such as a rectangle, a triangle, and an ellipse as long as blood, physiological saline, and the like can be appropriately flowed. The blood inflow passage 12
The filtrate outflow passage 16 may have any shape and size as long as its inlet, that is, the blood inlet 12a and the opening 16a and the respective outlets thereof, that is, the opening 12b and the filtrate outlet 16b, are in the vicinity of their opposite sides. Good.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4b, the housings 14 and 18 of the blood component separation device 10 are circular containers, and the filter member 20 is also a circular layered material. Without limitation, the shapes of housings 14 and 18 are rectangular, rhombic,
A container of any shape such as a parallelogram, a triangle or an ellipse may be used. The filter member 20 may have any shape as long as it can be suitably accommodated in these containers as an inclusion, and similarly may be a layered product such as a rectangle, a rhombus, a parallelogram, a triangle, and an ellipse.

Next, a blood processing system incorporating the blood component separation device 10 of the present invention will be described. The blood processing system shown in FIG. 5 is one mode of use of the blood component separating device of the present invention, and the blood collecting bag 40 and the saline bag 42 are connected to the blood component separating device 10 by circuits 44 and 46 made of tubes, respectively. Blood inlet 12
It is connected to a. The circuits 44 and 46 have clamps 48, 48 in the middle thereof, respectively.
6 can be opened and closed.

The collection bags 50 and 52 are connected to the filtrate outlet 16b of the blood component separation device 10 by circuits 54 and 56, which are tubes and the like, respectively. The circuits 54 and 56 have clamps 48, 48 in the middle thereof, respectively, so that the circuits 54 and 56 can be opened and closed.

The blood component separating device 10 of the present invention is preferably used so that the blood inlet 12a is vertically upward and the filtrate outlet 16b is vertically downward. This is because the blood component separating filter 20 is used in the vertical direction, the blood flows into the blood chamber 22 from the lower end of the blood chamber 22, and the filtrate chamber 3
This is because the outflow of the filtrate from 2 is performed from the upper end of the filtrate chamber 32. Therefore, even in a blood processing system incorporating the blood component separation device 10 of the present invention, the blood collection bag 4
0 and the saline bag 42 are arranged vertically above, the blood component separation device 10 of the present invention is arranged below it, and the collection bags 50 and 52 are arranged below it.

Of course, the blood component separation instrument and the blood processing system of the present invention are not limited to this, and by providing a driving device such as a pump in the blood processing system, it can be used in various usage modes. Can be used.

[0029]

The operation of the blood component separating device according to the present invention is basically constructed as described above, and its operation will be described. In the blood processing system shown in FIG. 5, first, the circuits 46 and 56 are opened by the clamps 48, 48,
The saline solution in the saline solution bag 42 is flowed to the blood component separation device 10 of the present invention located below, and the blood component separation device 10 and especially the filter member 20 is washed to collect the washed saline solution bag. Collect in 52.

When the inside of the blood component separation device 10 is filled with physiological saline, the priming is finished, and the clamp 48
Then, the circuit 46 is closed with, and then the circuit 44 is opened with the clamp 48 so that the blood in the blood collection bag 40 flows down through the circuit 44.
Pour into the blood component separation device 10 of the present invention. 1 to 4
As shown in FIG. 2B, blood flows down from the blood inlet 12a, and due to the drop pressure between the blood collection bag 40 and the blood component separation device 10, flows in through the opening 12b at the lower end of the blood chamber 22,
The blood chamber is uniformly filled, and the target component is filtered or adsorbed by the passage resistance of the filter member 20.

The treated blood that has not been filtered or adsorbed by the filter member 20, that is, the filtrate is
The filtrate chamber 32 is uniformly filled with the opening 1 at the upper end of the filtrate chamber 32.
6a enters the blood outflow passage 16, flows down the filtrate outflow passage 16, and the filtrate outflow port 16b is used to separate the blood component 10
Outflow.

When the filtrate starts to flow out from the blood outlet 16b, the circuit 56 is closed by the clamp 48, the circuit 54 is opened, and the recovery bag 52 is replaced with a new recovery bag 50 to recover blood. This operation is continued until the blood in the blood collection bag 40 is exhausted, and all the filtrate is collected in the collection bag 50.

At this time, the blood inlet 12a and the opening 12
The angle formed by the line connecting b and the line connecting the opening 16a and the filtrate outlet 16b is 90 ° or less, the blood inlet to the blood chamber 22 is at the lower end of the blood chamber, and the filtrate from the filtrate chamber 32 is Since the outlet is above the filtrate chamber, the flow of blood and filtrate does not stop or block, and occurs uniformly over the entire surface of the filter member 20. Therefore, the blood is preferably processed.

Next, the circuit 44 is provided by the clamps 48, 48.
Is closed, 46 is opened, and the physiological saline in the physiological saline bag 42 is caused to flow down the circuit 46 to flow into the blood component separation device 10. The physiological saline flows down the blood inflow passage 12 and fills the blood chamber 22, and when passing through the filter member 20, the blood chamber 22 and the blood component remaining in the filter member 20 are washed out to the filtrate chamber 32. At this time, the target component to be captured in the blood chamber 22 is captured by the filter member 20.

Thus, the washed physiological saline solution containing the blood cell components remaining in the blood component separation device 10 flows out of the filtrate chamber 32 into the filtrate outflow passage 16 and out through the outlet 16b. The treated saline that has flowed out is collected in the collection bag 50 through the circuit 54. This operation is repeated until the above-mentioned trapping component is sufficiently washed out, and all the washed physiological saline is collected in the collecting bag 52.

At this time, the physiological saline enters the blood chamber 22 through the opening 12b at the lower end of the blood inflow passage 12, and the washed physiological saline containing the blood cell component that has passed through the filter member 20 is passed from above the filtrate chamber 32. Since the physiological saline flows into the opening 16a above the filtrate outflow passage 16 without causing any retention or blockage, and even in the filter member 20, it does not cause channeling and preferably flows over the entire surface of the filter member 20, so that the residual component is It is fully recovered.

When the blood remaining in the blood component separating device 10 is sufficiently washed out, the circuit 46 is provided by the clamp 48.
54 is closed and the operation is completed.

When the blood is allowed to flow after the priming, the blood can be quickly replaced by the drop pressure between the blood collecting bag 40 and the blood component separating device 10 and the passage resistance of the filter member 20. When rinsing after flowing blood, the effect of displacement in the blood chamber 22 due to the difference in specific gravity between physiological saline and blood, and when the physiological saline that has passed through the filter member 20 at the bottom of the device flows through the filtrate chamber 32 The erythrocyte remaining in the blood chamber 22 is efficiently mixed with the effect of attracting the filter member 2
It passes 0 and is collected.

[0039]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. 400 ml of blood is equally divided into two bags of 200 ml each, and the blood treatment system shown in FIG. 5 is used to divide this into a conventional blood treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 6 (rectangular side 70 mm
X thickness 10 mm) and the blood component separating device according to the present invention shown in Figs. 1 to 4b (circular radius 30 mm x thickness 10 m)
m) and then rinsed with 100 ml of physiological saline, and the red blood cell recovery rates were compared. At this time, the same polyester nonwoven fabric was used for both filter members.

The red blood cell recovery rate in the conventional blood processing apparatus is
While the erythrocyte recovery rate in the blood component separation device according to the present invention was 88%, the red blood cell recovery ratio was 96% (each of which is an average value after five times). The red blood cells could be collected much more efficiently than the blood processing device of

[0041]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
Blood, blood cell suspension and physiological saline flow into a blood chamber formed by the inner surface of the housing and the filter member from the lower end of the blood chamber, and the filtrate filtered by the filter member is supplied to the inner surface of the housing and the filter. Since it is configured so as to be able to flow out from the upper end of the filtrate chamber composed of the member, it is possible to suitably capture blood cells and other capture components such as blood cells such as white blood cells and platelets from the blood cell suspension.
Moreover, since the blood remaining in the blood processing space, particularly the blood chamber can be efficiently rinsed, the recovery rate of the necessary blood cell components is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a blood component separation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4A is an inner side view of a housing having a blood inflow passage of the blood component separation device according to the present invention,
(B) is an inside view of a housing having a filtrate outflow passage.

FIG. 5 is a view showing one mode of use of a blood treatment system incorporating the blood component separation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional blood processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Blood Component Separation Equipment 12 Blood Inflow Channel 12a Blood Inflow Port 12b, 16a Openings 13, 17 Tubular Body 14 Inflow Side Housing 16 Filtrate Outflow Channel 16b Filtrate Outlet 18 Outflow Side Housing 20, 104, 105 Filter Member 22 Blood Chamber 32 Filtrate chamber 40 Blood collection bag 42 Saline solution bag 44, 46, 54, 56 Circuit 48 Clemme 50, 52 Collection bag 100 Blood processing device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A housing having a blood inlet and a filtrate outlet, a blood chamber fixed in the housing and communicating with the blood inlet, and a filtrate chamber communicating with the filtrate outlet. A blood component separation instrument comprising a blood component separation filter that divides into two parts, and the filter is used in a state in which the filter is in a vertical direction, wherein the blood chamber and the filtrate chamber are both from a space surrounded by the inner surface of the housing and the filter. The filter is sandwiched by projections formed in the portion corresponding to the blood chamber and the filtrate chamber on the inner surface of the housing, and when the filter is set in the vertical direction, the blood flowing into the housing from the blood inlet is , Flowing into the blood chamber from the lower end of the blood chamber, and the filtrate in the filtrate chamber flows out of the filtrate chamber from the upper end of the filtrate chamber. An instrument for separating blood components, characterized in that it is configured so as to be directed to a filtrate outlet. 2. The angle defined by the line connecting the blood inlet and the inlet of the blood chamber and the line connecting the filtrate outlet and the outlet of the filtrate chamber is 90 ° or less. Blood component separation device.