JPH06334961A - Video recorder, video reproducing device and video recording and reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a camera incorporated type recording/reproducing device capable of corresponding to plural video signals with television(TV) standards. CONSTITUTION:An image pickup signal from an HDTV camera 1 is directly applied to an image pickup mode selecting circuit 2 and applied to the circuit 2 also after being converted into a standard(SD) signal by a system converter 3, a system controller 5 selects a mode in accordance with a TV standard, an output from the circuit is compressed by a compression mode 1 or 2 and the compressed signal is recorded in a tape 11 by a recording processing circuit 8 together with identification(ID) information such as the compression mode and other parameters. At the time of reproducing a recorded signal, the signal is extended in accordance with the ID information and the original HD or SD signal is restored. Thereby signal processing and control for recording/ reproducing corresponding to each TV standard can be automatically executed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention can be applied to, for example, a multi-mode compatible camera-integrated VTR capable of collectively performing camera shooting, compressed signal processing, and VTR recording in a plurality of television standards. The present invention relates to a reproducing device and a video recording / reproducing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a camera-integrated VTR (hereinafter referred to as a camcorder) has been used in each television broadcasting system (NTSC, PA).
It is only known that the tape speed can be switched as a mode selection for exclusive use. FIG. 20 shows a configuration example of a camcorder disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-40165.

In FIG. 20, a video signal output from a well-known circuit including an optical system 161, an image pickup device 162, a camera signal processing circuit 163, and the like is added to a time code generated by a time code generator 166 in an adder 164. The character signal generated by the character generator 165 is multiplexed based on This video signal is an audio signal (A
audio) and four kinds of pilot signals (4f) used for the tracking control of the four-frequency system, after being converted into a recording signal of a signal form suitable for recording in a recorder signal processing circuit 167, an amplifier 168 and a PG pulse of 30 Hz Recording is alternately recorded on the magnetic tape 171 by the rotary heads 170a and 170b via the switchable head switch 169. A technique for discriminating between the standard mode and the long-time recording mode by using the pilot signals of the above four frequencies is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-60-89854 and JP-A-59.
No. 142764, etc.

[0004]

However, since one conventional camcorder does not support a plurality of television standards, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of camcorders according to the purpose and use them properly. As the broadcasting system is diversified, demands for exchanging program soft tapes between other countries and production of multi-system common software are increasing.
Then, inconvenience and inconvenience in terms of operation will come to the surface, such as the need for multiple units. Therefore, a single VTR compatible with the multi-broadcast system has been desired.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and video recording of a multi-mode compatible camera-integrated VTR capable of collectively performing camera shooting, compressed signal processing, and video recording in a plurality of television standards with one camcorder. An object is to provide an apparatus, a video reproducing apparatus, and a video recording / reproducing apparatus.

[0006]

In the first invention,
Imaging means corresponding to a plurality of television standards, an output signal of the imaging means is compressed at a data compression rate according to the television standards, and the compressed data and identification information for identifying the television standards are recorded on a recording medium. A recording unit, a setting unit that sets the television standard, and a control unit that controls the image pickup unit and the recording unit according to the setting of the setting unit are provided.

In the second invention, a reproducing means for reproducing the recording medium on which the video data compressed according to the TV standard and the identification information for identifying the TV standard are recorded and for expanding the video data. And a control means for controlling the reproducing means based on the identification information reproduced from the recording medium.

In a third aspect of the invention, a system converter for converting a first video signal according to the first television standard into a second video signal according to the second television standard, and the first or second video signal. Recording means for recording the recording medium on a recording medium, switching means for supplying the first video signal or a second video signal obtained from the system converter to the recording means, and a reproducing means for reproducing the recording medium. Signal supply means for supplying the first video signal reproduced by the reproducing means to the system converter is provided.

[0009]

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, one camera-integrated VTR automatically performs the recording process and the reproducing process according to the compression mode corresponding to a plurality of television standards.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the system converter is shared during recording and reproduction, and recording / reproduction of a video signal and monitor output according to a desired television standard can be obtained.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a multi-mode compatible system capable of collectively handling camera shooting, compressed signal processing, and VTR recording in a plurality of television standards for the current broadcasting system and future high-definition television (HDTV). Camera integrated digital V
The structure of TR (hereinafter referred to as camcorder) is shown. The multi-mode is 1. Imaging mode, 2. Compressed mode and 3. There are three main modes of recording mode, and each mode will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.

1. Selection of Imaging Mode In FIG. 1, a subject image is photoelectrically converted by a CCD as a solid-state imaging device incorporated in an HDTV camera (hereinafter referred to as an HD camera) 1 and output as a high-definition HD signal having a large amount of information. . According to the studio standard, for example, the HD signal has 1920H × 1035V pixels as the number of effective image pickup pixels and a sampling frequency of 75.3 MHz. This H
The D signal is divided into two, one of which inputs the HD signal as it is to the imaging mode selection circuit 2 and the other input to the system converter 3 such as a down converter.

This system converter 3 is disclosed, for example, in "Showa 60.
9 NHK STRL Monthly Report pp. 359-364 ”, the HD signal is transmitted by the standard broadcasting system (hereinafter, SD signal).
(Hereinafter, referred to as “NTSC, PAL, SECAM, etc.”), the amount of information is reduced.

Here, taking the HD-NTSC converter 3 as an example, the configuration is as shown in FIG. 2, and the aspect ratio converter 31, the scanning line number converter 32, the field frequency converter 33 and the NTSC encoder 34 are used. It is composed by. Hereinafter, each part will be described.

* Aspect Ratio Converter 31 FIG. 3 shows three typical aspect ratio conversion modes. Mode A: This is called the side panel method, and both sides of a 16: 9 high-definition image are deleted, and the aspect ratio is 4: 3.
It is what If the conventional NTSC signal is desired, this mode should be selected. Mode B: called squeeze method or full mode, which compresses a high-definition image in the horizontal direction and has an aspect ratio of 4:
3, the converted image is vertically long. When converting to an NTSC signal compatible with a wide screen, this mode may be selected. Mode C: It is called a letterbox method, and it is converted to display an image of 16: 9 on a screen with an aspect ratio of 4: 3. In an NTSC image, there is no image at the upper and lower ends, and the image is black. If you want to make a picture that makes use of the angle of view captured by the HD camera, you should select this mode.

* Scanning line number conversion unit 32 The conversion processing of the number of scanning lines is performed in a vertical interpolation filter, and constitutes a weighted average circuit which switches according to the line rank with 7 cycles as one cycle.

* Field frequency conversion unit 33 The field frequency conversion processing is performed using the buffer memory after the conversion of the number of scanning lines, and the time axis corrector having the same function as the frame synchronizer can perform the real time processing. is there. A commonly used frame synchronizer causes a frame skip once in about 33 seconds with the capacity of one frame memory, but it causes an unnatural skip when it occurs in a moving image. On the other hand, in the motion adaptive field number conversion, motion detection and scene change detection are performed using the frame difference signal, and frame skipping is performed when any of the following four conditions is satisfied. When the image is a still image When a scene change occurs When the moving image area is relatively small When there is no remaining space in the frame buffer memory The field frequency is 60 Hz for HDTV, NT
The SC system has a difference of 1000/1001 at 59.94 Hz.

Next, the overall operation of the HD-NTSC converter 3 will be described.

In FIG. 2, the HD signal is converted from 16: 9 to 4: 3 by the aspect ratio converter 31, and then 1 by the scanning line number converter 32 and the field frequency converter 33.
It is converted from 125 lines to 525 lines and from 60 Hz to 59.94 Hz, and is output as an NTSC composite signal through the NTSC encoder 34.

Next, referring to FIG. 1, in the operation panel 4,
HD, SD-Hi (commercial high image quality and horizontal resolution 450
SD-Low (standard image quality for general households with a horizontal resolution of about 230) can be selected.
If the HD mode is selected, it is input to the imaging mode selection circuit 2 via the system controller 5, and the input HD signal is selected and output through. In addition, SD-Hi or S
When D-Low is selected, the NTSC signal down-converted by the system converter 3 is selected and output.

2. Selection of compression mode The video signal output from the imaging mode selection circuit 2 is input to the compression circuit 6 as video information. This compression circuit 6
Has a plurality of compression modes 1 and 2, and the compression rate and the compression method can be changed according to the compression modes 1 and 2. Compression rate is 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1 /
32 and the like. Examples of compression methods include DCT, DPCM, Hadamard transform, ADRC, and the like. A combination of these, for example, compression mode 1 can be DCT and compression mode 2 can be DPCM. Further, only the compression rate may be selectable by the same compression method.

The compressed signal is input to the compression mode selection circuit 7, which selects a desired compression mode and outputs a compression processed signal. These mode selections are closely related to the recording time and image quality selection on the VTR side or the image quality and mode setting of the camera, and are automatically selected and set according to the mode setting of the VTR or camera. Further, the data rate after image compression is, for example, 50 Mbps in HD, 25 Mbps in SD-Hi, SD in relation to the recording system described later.
-Low is preferably an integer ratio such as 12.5 Mbps.

3. Selection of Recording Mode The compressed signal output from the compression mode selection circuit 7 is input to the recording processing circuit 8 and two sets of head pairs Ha, Hb and H are set.
It is divided into two signals for each channel corresponding to c and Hd, amplified by the recording amplifier 9 respectively, and recorded on the track on the tape 11 by the two magnetic heads Ha to Hd of the pair of heads provided on the drum 10. Digitally recorded. The track width is the same in each recording mode, and the compression mode selection circuit 7
The recording mode is appropriately selected according to the selection result of the recording tape 11
Form on top.

On the other hand, the servo control circuit 12 drives and controls the drum 10 and the capstan 13 by the drum motor 14 and the capstan motor 15, respectively, so that the rotational speed of the drum 10 and the tape running speed are maintained at predetermined target values. Also,
The tape 11 runs while being held by a capstan 13 and a pinch roller 16.

The predetermined target value of the servo control circuit 12 is
It is set according to various modes via the system controller 5 according to an operation instruction from the operation panel 4. Various modes are selected as shown in Table 1 according to the state of the mode selection switch provided on the operation panel 4.

[0026]

[Table 1]

Next, an embodiment of the HD camera 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The incident light from the subject 101 has a focus lens 10 for varying the focal position (hereinafter referred to as focus) and the magnification (focal length) (hereinafter referred to as zoom).
2. Zoom lens 103 and iris 10 for adjusting the amount of light
4 through the image pickup optical system consisting of
5 and a CCD (solid-state image sensor) 106, which is incident on a photoelectric conversion unit and converted into a color image signal.

Focus lens 102, zoom lens 1
03 and the iris 104 are provided with driving units 109a, 109b, and 109c using, for example, stepping motors, respectively, and the AF circuit 111 and the AE circuit 110 are provided.
Alternatively, the aptitude screen can be imaged by being controlled via the system controller 113 according to a signal from the key input unit 116.

In the CCD 106, the photocharge generated in the light receiving portion is transferred to the transfer portion and taken out as an output signal. Noise of this signal is reduced by the CDS circuit 107, and the AG
The gain is controlled by the C circuit 108. At this time A
The information from the E circuit 110 is also referred to, the gain is adjusted via the system controller 113, and then signals are supplied to the color processing circuit 114 and the process circuit 115.

The system controller 113 drives the driving units 109a to 109a of the image pickup optical system according to the values set by the key input unit 116 such as focus, zoom and exposure.
09c is controlled appropriately. Further, the clock generation circuit 117 is arranged so that the driving pulse of the CCD 106 is synchronized with various operations.
Are in control.

After the gain adjustment, the AWB circuit 112
A control signal for white balance adjustment is generated, and the gain of the color difference signal is adjusted by the color processing circuit 114. next,
The color video signal separated into the three primary colors of RGB by the process circuit 115 is input to the encoder 118.

The encoder 118 modulates and outputs a color video signal into a composite signal. This composite output signal is added to the output signal of the display information generating circuit 119 by the adder 121 so that the information from the system controller 113 can be obtained, and is input to the viewfinder 120, so that the state of the subject 101 and various types of You can see the information of.

The composite output signal is the RG of the previous stage.
It may be extracted from the B primary color signal, or Y, R- in the previous stage.
It may be extracted from the Y and BY signals. Alternatively, two color signals I, Q or R-Y, B-Y of the Y / C separation type (for example, S-terminal type) of the encoder 118 may be extracted in a quadrature-modulated form. Although not illustrated, when the above signal processing is processed in the digital data state, the signal may be output in the digital data state before passing through a DAC (digital-analog converter).

Next, the moving image compression technique will be described.

The purpose of digital data compression is to reduce the amount of data by removing the redundancy that images have. For a still image, processing focusing on the spatial redundancy of the image is performed. Further, in the case of a moving image, processing focusing on temporal redundancy of the image is performed, but the basic principle is based on the still image compression technology. There are the following four technical elements for moving image compression. DCT processing Quantization processing Coding processing Motion adaptation processing

The decompression process may be considered as the reverse operation of the compression process. Further, items 1 to 3 are items common to still images and moving images. For details, see "Electronics"
May 1992, “Multimedia and information compression”. Hereinafter, the outline of will be described step by step.

DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform):
Discrete Cosine Transform) Process Definition: Converting the value of spatial coordinates to frequency. As a pre-compression process, the input screen is divided into blocks of about 8 × 8 pixels. Next, the spatial data is converted into frequency data by performing a multiplication process of the DCT coefficient.
Although the DCT alone does not reduce the amount of data at all, when the data widely distributed in the screen is viewed in another coordinate system, the coordinate conversion can be performed so that the data are centrally arranged.
That is, as a general characteristic of an image, this processing step plays a role of effectively executing the compression processing after DCT by utilizing the tendency that more information energy is concentrated on the side of lower spatial frequency. is there.

Quantization processing Definition: The amount of data is reduced by rounding the word length of the coefficient converted into the frequency component. The set of data coefficients for each frequency component generated by DCT is divided by an appropriate numerical value, and the fractional points and below are discarded. As a result, the number of bits required to represent each coefficient data can be reduced, and the entire quantized data amount can be compressed. By finely setting this divisor for each frequency component, it is possible to improve the compression ratio while maintaining the required image quality.

Coding process Definition: Coding characterized by allocating a code having a length according to the frequency of data generation, which consists of the following three processes.

A. Zigzag scan The data rearrangement operation is performed while moving in a zigzag manner from the DC component to the horizontal and vertical high frequency components in order to convert the two-dimensionally arranged frequency coefficient data into a one-dimensional data string.

B. Run-length coding Replace with a code that collectively represents consecutive occurrences of the same numerical value (mainly zero). For example, "8 consecutive zeros" or the like. By thus assigning one code to a plurality of data, the number of encoded bits is reduced. If the data after a certain position are all zero, an end code is assigned. This is defined as "end the data transmission in this block with this data", and has a large data reduction effect.

C. VLC (Variable Length Coding) By assigning a code having a small number of bits to a numerical value having a high frequency of appearance, the total number of coded bits is substantially reduced.

Motion Adaptation Process Definition: The basic principle is to add a technique to "detect and predict motion" to still image compression. Below, three main points of the moving image information compression technology of the television broadcasting standard will be explained.

A. Image data corresponding to an integral multiple of a field or frame is stored in a buffer for image data such as a motion detection frame memory, and a time delay is generated. In the time difference between the input and output ends of this memory, the movement is discriminated depending on how much difference the data of the corresponding pixel has. In the simplest example, the difference in luminance data between fields is calculated, and the absolute amount of this difference value is used as the amount of movement. In addition to this, in the position of high correlation of pixel data such as the correlation matching method,
A method of detecting a motion vector by calculating the movement of dimensional coordinates has also been established.

B. Motion Prediction Compensation The motion of the image is predicted from the motion vector, and a new image is generated by calculation. The data amount can be reduced by transmitting only the difference between this screen and the actual screen as compensation data. In other words, the compression effect is higher for a screen with a small number of static parts and a slow motion, or for a moving screen that is linear and has few prediction errors.

C. Interlaced encoding A television signal such as NTSC has a structure called interlace in which scanning lines (hereinafter referred to as lines) are interlaced one by one as shown in FIG. Odd line 2
An odd field composed of 62.5 lines and an even field composed of 262.5 even lines are paired to form one frame screen (525 lines).

However, when the movement of the subject in the screen is large, if the odd and even fields are simply combined,
The image will be blurred and difficult to see. In this blur area, the spatial correlation within the screen is decreasing in the vertical direction,
In the compression encoding process, the above spatial redundancy is reduced.

Therefore, when the amount of motion is small, a compression-processed pixel block is formed using a frame image having a high vertical correlation, but when it is recognized as a result of motion detection that a predetermined amount of motion or more has occurred. Avoids frame images in which the vertical correlation is extremely reduced and uses only odd and even field images having an appropriate intra-screen correlation to form a compression-processed pixel block.

When the frame processing is always performed without performing the field / frame switching processing, a satisfactory compression result can be obtained for most images, but the background and the person are combined in a large moving portion. Combined with the teeth of
Different data are generated alternately in one line, and a large amount of vertical highest frequency components, which were originally assumed to have the lowest occurrence frequency, are generated. In this way, a means for avoiding the worst case is provided to prevent the compression system from being damaged by what is called a poor subject. As explained above,
By appropriately switching the encoding process according to the motion, it is possible to realize a compression process that achieves both better efficiency and image quality for the entire moving image.

Next, one embodiment of the compression circuit 6 which partially uses the above-mentioned moving image compression basic technique will be described below with reference to FIG.

After the image pickup mode is selected, the input buffer memory 6
An SD or HD signal as a video signal is supplied to 60. Then, the video signal output from the input buffer memory 660 is 8 × 8 each in the block processing circuit 661.
It is divided into blocks of pixels. And DCT
An orthogonal transform is performed by the (discrete cosine transform) processing circuit 662 to transform into a transform coordinate plane of frequency components. As a result, as a general tendency of images, only the DC coefficient and the AC coefficient of the low frequency component have a large value, and the AC coefficient of the high frequency component has a small value close to zero.

On the other hand, among the signals output from the input buffer memory 660, when the correlation between the screens is high, the odd field and the even field are integrally frame-processed, and conversely, when the correlation is low. , Odd / even are processed independently. This is determined by the motion detection circuit 663, and the determination information of the motion amount and the direction of the image is input to the system controller 664 depending on the difference in the corresponding pixel data in the time difference between the input and output ends of the input buffer memory 660. To be done.

In accordance with the result of the motion detection circuit 663, the system controller 664 changes the block processing circuit 661.
To perform frame or field processing instructions. The blocking processing circuit 661 performs blocking processing according to the instruction. The frequency coefficient data output from the DCT processing circuit 662 is input to the quantization processing circuit 665. Then, the set of data coefficients for each frequency component is divided by an appropriate numerical value, and the decimal points and below are rounded off to reduce the number of bits and compress the entire quantized data amount. further,
By arbitrarily setting the divisor for each frequency component, the compression rate can be improved while maintaining the required image quality.

Next, the quantized data thus compressed is input to the encoding circuit 666. Here, in order to convert into a one-dimensional data string, the data is rearranged by zigzag scanning from the DC component to the horizontal and vertical high frequency components. For example, this data is replaced with a code that collectively represents consecutive occurrences of zeros having the same numerical value, and run length coding is performed. Further, when the data after a certain position in the block are all zero, the above end code is assigned, whereby a significant data reduction can be performed. Then, by VLC, a code having a small number of bits is assigned to a numerical value having a high appearance frequency, and the total number of encoded bits is substantially reduced.

The variable-length coded data is input to the data amount calculation circuit 667, and the data amount is input to the system controller 664. The system controller 664 and the coefficient setting circuit 668 are connected so that the coefficient for each horizontal and vertical frequency component is set according to the data amount. The coefficient setting circuit 668 sets the coefficient to a predetermined value, and the output result thereof is quantized by the quantization processing circuit 6.
Enter in 65. Next, the quantized data is compressed in the above order.

The data whose total number of bits has been reduced by the encoding circuit 666 and which has been subjected to predetermined compression is input to the output buffer memory 669. Output buffer memory 669
Although the encoded data is output at a constant data rate from, the system controller 664 controls the point ratio of the data so that the output buffer memory 669 does not underflow or overflow. For example, when the state is close to overflow (when the occupation rate is large), the coefficient setting is increased and the amount of data to be transmitted is adjusted to be small. When the state is close to underflow, the reverse operation is performed. Further, switching of the compression ratio and compression method of the moving image is performed by the control of the system controller 664 according to the operation of the mode selection unit 670.

As described above, the system controller 664 controls the DC in accordance with the motion detection result of the image and various mode settings input from the mode selection unit 670.
By appropriately switching the contents of T, quantization, and encoding processing, it is possible to adaptively control the compression rate, compression method, etc. of the moving image compression circuit. As a result, efficient compression processing of moving images can be realized. Incidentally, it goes without saying that the compression ratio can be arbitrarily changed by changing the divisor setting in the coefficient setting circuit 668.

Next, the configuration and recording operation of the digital VTR will be described with reference to the recording system configuration diagram of FIG.

* Video Input The input video luminance signal Y and color signal C are converted into digital data D _y and D _c by the AD converters 81Y and 81C, respectively, and are taken into the present system.

* Video data processing circuit 82 The data D _y and D _c are multiplexed by the data multiplexer 821, and the image data is compressed by the information compression circuit 822 according to the mode information from the system controller 5 using the compression circuit described above. Compress the amount of data in. In some cases, a compression processing circuit may be provided independently of YC. Next, the shuffle circuit 82 is used to make the image data strong against transmission path errors.
Shuffling is performed according to 3. For the purpose of equalizing the unevenness of the generation of information amount due to the density in the plane of the image, if a shuffling processing step is brought before the above compression processing, variable length codes such as run length are used. It is convenient even if there is.

In response to this, the ID adding circuit 824 adds data identification (ID) information for restoring the data shuffling. The system mode information and the like are also recorded in this ID at the same time, and are used as auxiliary information in the decompression process (information amount expansion process) during reproduction. Next, an ECC adding circuit 825 adds an error correction signal (ECC) for reproducing these data without error. Processing up to the addition of such a redundant signal is performed for each information of video and audio.

* Audio Input The stereo audio signals L and R are taken into the AD converters 80L and 80R and processed by the audio data processing circuit 86 having the same circuit configuration, although the compression method is different from the case of the image. If the recording rate of video data is high,
For example, in the case of an HD signal, the audio information may be subjected to recording processing without being compressed.

* Data distribution The video data V and the audio data A generated in this manner are data so as to have a data rate commensurate with the capacity of the transmission path (here, each magnetic head system for recording and reproduction). The distribution is performed by the data distributors 83 and 84.

* Additional information In addition to the above A and V signals, a pilot signal P output from the pilot signal generator 85 for tracking servo.
And the auxiliary data S generated by the subcode generator 87 based on the information from the system controller 5.
Multiplexing is performed for each recording / transmission path by the multiplexers 88 and 89. For example, if this is time-axis multiplexing processing, it is appropriate that the pilot signal P be in the form of area division ATF, which is well known in digital audio tape recorders (hereinafter referred to as DAT).

* Digital Modulation Digital modulation circuits 90 and 91 perform digital modulation processing for recording corresponding to the binary signal of the MPX output. One example is 8-10 conversion and conversion processing such as NRZI. Since each transmission line is provided with a magnetic head system of two channels in this embodiment, the head switching circuits 92 and 93 are used to adjust the recording amplifiers 9a to 9d corresponding to the heads Ha to Hd in accordance with the rotation status of the drum 10. Under the instruction of the servo control circuit 12, the switching process is selectively executed appropriately.

As a result, a plurality of heads H on the rotary drum 10 are supplied with a recording current corresponding to the information signal at a predetermined recording timing.
a to Hd can be supplied. In this way, A
FIG. 8 shows the track pattern recorded and formed on the tape 11 by switching the P, S, and V signals and sequentially supplying the signals to the magnetic recording system.

* System control system The servo and system control portions for controlling the running of the tape 11 will be described. The system controller 5 manages the correspondence to the instruction information input from the operation panel 4 of FIG. 1, the operation mode of the entire system of this digital VTR, and various state transitions. The system controller 5 controls the rotary drum 10 and the capstan drive. The servo control circuit 12 is mainly responsible for maintaining the steady state. These two circuits can be regarded as one microcomputer block 94.

The servo control circuit 12 includes a capstan motor 15 for controlling the tape feed speed, a capstan FG 95 for grasping the rotation condition thereof, a drum motor 14 for rotating the rotary drum 10, and a rotation. The respective detectors FG96 and PG97 for confirming the speed and the rotational phase are connected and controlled.

Next, the structure and reproducing operation of the digital recording VTR will be described with reference to the structure diagram of the reproducing system shown in FIG.

In response to an operation mode switching instruction input to the system controller 5 from the operation panel 4 of FIG.
The same servo control circuit 12 and system controller 5 circuit as the recording system controls the direction and speed of the tape 11 running and the rotation of the drum 10.

Data obtained from a plurality of magnetic heads Ha to Hd on the drum 10 whose rotation is controlled are amplified by reproducing head amplifiers 61, 62, 63 and 64, respectively, and two sets of azimuths facing each other by about 180 degrees are provided. Heads having different angles are supplied to head switching circuits 56 and 59, and a signal output based on the servo control circuit 12 is appropriately selected and supplied to digital demodulation circuits 55 and 58 at the next stage.

The digital demodulation circuits 55 and 58 re-convert the reproduced signal into a binary signal of "0, 1" by utilizing a method such as differential detection, integral detection, redundancy detection such as Viterbi decoding. The output signals of the digital demodulation circuits 55 and 58 are supplied to signal distribution circuits 54 and 57, respectively, and separated and distributed into a video signal V, an audio signal A, a tracking servo pilot signal P, subcode information S and the like.

V: Video signal The video signal V distributed to a plurality of heads is output from the signal distributors 54 and 57, integrated by the data integration circuit 65, and the original video signal by the video data processing circuit 52. Restored to.

First, the error correction circuit 525 detects a data transmission error that has occurred in the recording / reproducing system, corrects an error in a correctable range, and if it cannot be corrected, interpolates and corrects it.
Next, the ID detection circuit 524 extracts various ID signals and sub-code data dependent on the V signal inserted in the video data and supplies the information to the system controller 5.

The deshuffling circuit 523 restores the data arrangement of the shuffling processing performed at the time of recording in order to prevent the image quality deterioration caused by the unrecoverable error due to the continuous loss of data. Further, the information amount expansion circuit 522 restores information in the reverse procedure of the information amount compression process for reducing the data amount at the time of recording. When the recording mode is set during recording,
Since the compression method and the compression rate of the information amount may differ for each recording mode, the restoration processing corresponding to the mode setting at the time of recording is performed via the system controller 5 based on the above reproduction ID information. Finally, the data separation circuit 521
Then, each YC information is output to the DA converters 51Y and 51C. As described above, an image substantially equivalent to the signal input at the time of recording is reconstructed.

A: Audio signal The audio signal A distributed to a plurality of heads is output from the signal distributors 54 and 57, and the data integration circuit 66.
Integrated by the audio data processing circuit 6
At 0, the original audio signal is restored.

First, the error correction circuit 605 detects a transmission error of the data reproduced by the recording / reproduction system, corrects the error in the correctable range, and corrects the error if it cannot be corrected. Next, the ID detection circuit 604 extracts various ID signals and sub-code data dependent on the A signal inserted in the audio data, and supplies the information to the system controller 5.

The deshuffling circuit 603 performs the shuffling processing performed at the time of recording in order to prevent the sound quality deterioration caused by the unrecoverable error due to the continuous loss of data.
The data array is restored based on the D information and the like. The information amount expansion circuit 602 restores information in the reverse procedure of the information amount compression process for reducing the data amount at the time of recording. When the recording mode is set at the time of recording, the compression method and the compression rate of the information amount may differ for each recording mode. Therefore, recording is performed via the system controller 5 based on the above reproduction ID information. The restoration processing corresponding to the mode setting at the time is performed. Next, the data separation circuit 60
1 to DA converters 50L and 50 for each information of L and R
Output to R. As described above, a sound almost equal to the signal input at the time of recording is reproduced.

P: Pilot signal An area division ATF tracking pilot signal is output from the signal distributors 54 and 57 and input to the pilot signal detector 53. Here, if processing similar to DAT is performed, a time difference from the timing reference signal corresponding to the off-track amount from the left and right tracks is detected as an error signal. This error signal is supplied to the servo control circuit 12 to be used for controlling the tape feeding speed and the like, and also used as auxiliary information for determining the recording mode.

S: Subcode Information When V and A are used as main information, a data group having auxiliary capacity and small capacity is called a subcode and can be recorded / reproduced in another area. In particular, I
The difference from the D data is that a guard space is provided before and after the subcode area so that recording and reproduction can be performed independently of the A and V data. This allows post-recording of subcodes. The difference in use is that the ID data is information essential for normal reproduction such as a recording mode peculiar to the main data, and this subcode is suitable for address codes for tape position retrieval, program index recording, and the like.
These pieces of information are subjected to determination processing by the system controller 5, and each unit is controlled as needed.

As shown in FIG. 10, the sub-code is composed of a search mark part and a sub-data part for realizing a so-called cueing function. The sub data part is 4 in this example.
It consists of blocks (Block0 to Block3). This block further comprises eight data words (word0 to word7), a sync word for synchronization and a CRCC section for error correction. Further, each data word is composed of 8 bits, and each broadcasting system, tape speed, audio channel mode, compression rate, etc. are recorded in this portion as mode discrimination information.

The VTR of this embodiment has three recording / reproducing modes as described above. Since the recording track patterns are different depending on the setting of the recording mode arbitrarily selected, the discrimination ID information is recorded in the sub code area so that the reproduction can be performed according to the recording track patterns. Hereinafter, three types of recording track patterns and a mode discrimination procedure at the time of reproduction will be described.

1. SD-low The long-time recording mode of SD will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. By using Ha and Hb of the four magnetic heads mounted on the rotary drum 10 shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), five tracks are formed per screen. When the rotation speed is 150 rpm, the recording current is supplied to the heads Ha and Hb of the drum PG indicating the rotation phase in accordance with the high and low timings of the rectangular pulse indicated by 150 rps in FIG.

2. SD-high The high-quality recording mode of SD will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. Using four of the magnetic heads Ha and Hc mounted on the rotary drum 10 shown in FIG.
As shown in 3 (b), 10 tracks are formed per screen. When the rotation speed is 150 rpm, the recording current is supplied to the heads Ha and Hc of the drum PG indicating the rotation phase according to the high and low timings of the rectangular pulse indicated by 150 rps in FIG.

3. HD The high definition image quality recording mode of HD will be described with reference to FIGS. All four magnetic heads Ha to Hd mounted on the rotary drum 10 shown in FIG. 15A are used to form 20 tracks per screen as shown in FIG. 15B. When the rotation speed is 150 revolutions per second, the drum PG indicating the rotation phase has the heads Ha to H according to the high and low timings of the rectangular pulse indicated by 150 rps in FIG.
The recording current is supplied to d.

Table 2 shows parameters such as the tape speed, the number of tracks per field, and the compression rate for the above three modes.

[0088]

[Table 2]

FIG. 17 shows the procedure of mode discrimination and its control during reproduction.

In step S1, the current VTR playback traveling mode is confirmed. In step S2, N = 5, N = 10, N in steps S3, S4, and S5 according to the three modes.
= 20. Next, in step S6, a subcode is detected from the reproduced digital signal, the mode at the time of recording is discriminated from the subcode, and the mode to be reproduced is determined. Also in step S7, the required number of tracks M / 5, M = 10, M per unit time in steps S8, S9, and S10 according to one of the three modes of the reproduction ID.
= 20. In step S11, the above N
The target value for speed control of the capstan is reset according to the result of comparing the magnitude of M and M. Here again, the process branches to any of steps S12, S13, and S14 depending on three cases. If N> M, the current speed is higher than that at the time of recording, so the speed is reduced. If N <M, the current speed is smaller than that at the time of recording, so the speed is increased. N = M
In the case of, the current speed is maintained as it is. Then, the process returns to the confirmation of the current mode, and the above routine is repeated.

In the above-described embodiment, the main image pickup means and the TV standard conversion means are combined to obtain the video signals of a plurality of TV standards, but the image pickup system including the photoelectric conversion means is provided for each TV standard. Alternatively, a plurality of video signals may be provided independently of each other. Further, separate image pickup means are provided for the HD-TV system and the SD-TV system, and the output of each image pickup means is different from the HD-TV standard and S.
D-TV standard (NTSC, PAL) and scan line (105
(0/1/1125/1250) system conversion means may be provided, and the above-described composite structure may be provided.

Next, an embodiment of the video recording / reproducing apparatus using the system converter as the down converter as shown in FIG. 2 and the system converter as the up converter as shown in FIG. 18 will be described with reference to FIG. explain.

FIG. 18 shows NTS as an up converter.
An example of a C-HD converter is shown. In FIG. 18, NT
The SC signal is demodulated through the motion adaptive NTSC decoder 70, and the aspect ratio conversion unit 71 converts it from 4: 3 to 16: 9.
Then, the scanning line number converter 72 and the field frequency converter 73 convert from 525 lines to 1125 lines and 59.94 lines.
Each is converted from Hz to 60 Hz and output as an HD signal.

FIG. 19 shows a block diagram of the video recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention. On the operation panel 200, recording / playback, HD / SD, etc. can be selected. Less than,
The four operations of the recording / reproducing system will be described. In this embodiment, the input signal is an HD signal.

(1) When recording with SD (long-time recording mode) "Record" and "SD" are selected on the operation panel 200, and the terminal of the switch 206 is connected to or via the system controller 201. Then, the HD input signal is down-converted by the down converter 203,
It is an SD (for example, NTSC) signal. Further, the system controller 201 controls to connect the terminal of the switch 202 to, and records the SD signal on the tape 210 through the recording system 209. SD monitor 2 at this time
Use 04.

(2) When recording in HD (high image quality mode) Select "Record" or "HD" on the operation panel 200, connect the terminal of the switch 202 to the through the system controller 201, and record HD through. To do. At this time, either the HD monitor 205 or the SD monitor 204 can be selected as the monitor.

When using the HD monitor 205, connect the terminal of the switch 206 to or, and
Output a signal. When using the SD monitor 204, connect the terminal of the switch 206 to or as in the above, convert to SD by the down converter 203, select one of the terminals of the switch 207, and connect. For example, SD monitor becomes possible. Camera integrated V
Miniaturization can be achieved by configuring the TR as described above.

(3) Playback with SD Select "Playback" or "SD" on the operation panel 200, and connect the terminal of the switch 207 to the via the system controller 201. The reproduced SD signal is reproduced and output on the SD monitor 204 through the tape 210 and the reproduction system 211. When the output is to be output from the HD monitor 205, it is converted to an HD signal by the up converter 208, and the
The terminal of 6 may be connected to.

(4) Playback in HD Select "Play" or "HD" on the operation panel 200, and connect the terminal of the switch 206 to the via the system controller 201. The playback HD signal is played back and output on the HD monitor 205. On the other hand, when reproducing and outputting to the SD monitor 204, the switch 206 is used as described above.
Connected to the terminal of the switch, converted to SD by the down converter 203, and connected to the terminal of the switch 207,
SD monitor becomes possible. Table 3 shows switches 202, 20
6 shows the connections of terminals 207 to SD corresponding to SD and HD.

[0100]

[Table 3]

In this embodiment, the up converter 20
However, if a multi-scan monitor is used instead of the HD monitor 205, when an SD (for example, NTSC) signal is input, 525 scanning lines are scanned, and thus the up converter 208 is unnecessary. Furthermore, S
Standard resolution for household use as D signal, horizontal resolution 230
It is also possible to add the ones of this order as the SD-Low mode.

[0102]

As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, one camcorder can selectively use a plurality of camera modes corresponding to a plurality of broadcasting systems. In addition, the compression mode such as the image compression rate and compression method, and the V required for these modes.
The TR recording mode setting can be automatically controlled by the system controller according to the camera mode selection. Therefore, it is possible to realize a camera-integrated VTR which can be used in various ways by a simple operation without requiring complicated wiring or operation.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since the down converter is shared for recording and reproducing the input of the video signal, the circuit scale can be reduced and the HD signal and the SD signal can be dealt with. It is possible to selectively record or reproduce. Further, even for an HD input signal, an SD monitor can be used as an output monitor. Furthermore, when used as a camera-integrated VTR, an SD monitor can be used as a monitor, and therefore, the size can be made smaller than in the past.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a system converter as a down converter.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a screen showing modes of aspect ratio conversion.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an HD camera.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a television screen.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a compression circuit.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a recording system.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a recording format of a magnetic tape.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a reproduction system.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a data format of a subcode.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a configuration of a head and a recording format of a tape.

FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing the operation of each head.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the configuration of the head and the recording format of the tape.

FIG. 14 is a timing chart showing the operation of each head according to another example.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram showing still another example of the configuration of the head and the recording format of the tape.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram showing an operation of each head according to still another example of the above.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a control operation during reproduction.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a system converter as an up converter.

FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional camera-integrated VTR.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 camera 2 imaging mode selection circuit 3 system converter 5 system controller 6 compression circuit 8 recording processing circuit 11 magnetic tape Ha-Hd heads 202, 206, 207 switch 203 down converter 209 recording system 211 reproducing system

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An image pickup device corresponding to a plurality of television standards, an output signal of the image pickup device is compressed at a compression rate according to the television standard, and the compressed data and identification information for identifying the television standard are recorded. A video recording apparatus comprising: recording means for recording on a medium; setting means for setting the television standard; and control means for controlling the imaging means and the recording means according to the setting of the setting means. 2. A reproducing means for reproducing a recording medium on which video data compressed according to the television standard and identification information for identifying the television standard are recorded and for expanding the video data, and from the recording medium. A video reproducing apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls the reproducing unit based on the reproduced identification information. 3. A system converter for converting a first video signal according to the first television standard into a second video signal according to the second television standard, and recording the first or second video signal on a recording medium. Recording means, switching means for supplying the first video signal or the second video signal obtained from the system converter to the recording means, reproducing means for reproducing the recording medium, and reproducing by the reproducing means. A video recording / reproducing apparatus having a signal supply means for supplying the first video signal to the system converter.