JPH06298613A - Microbicide for agriculture and horticulture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a fungicide for agriculture and horticulture showing excellent controlling effect against beet brown spot, apple leaf blight, apple scab, apple brown spot, peach leaf curl and grape vine bird's eye. CONSTITUTION:The objective fungicide for agriculture and horticulture contains, as active ingredients, (A) at least one selected from manganese ethylenebis(thiocarbamate), zinc ethylene-bis(thiocarbamate), bis (dimethyldithiocarbamoyl) zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate), zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate or bis(dimethylcarbamoyl) disulfide and (B) 4-chlorobenzyl-N-2,4-dichlorophenyl-2-(1H- l,2,4-triazole-1-yl)thioacetoimidate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Object of the Invention]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to Manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate (hereinafter referred to as "Manneb"), zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate (hereinafter referred to as "Zineb"), and bisdimethyl represented by the following chemical structural formulas. Dithiocarbamoyl zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate (hereinafter referred to as "polycarbamate"), zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (hereinafter referred to as "diram") or bis (dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide (hereinafter referred to as "thiuram") And 4-chlorobenzyl-N-2,4-dichlorophenyl-
A fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use, comprising a mixture with 2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) thioacetimidate (hereinafter referred to as "compound A") as an active ingredient. .

The fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use of the present invention comprises fruit trees, vegetables,
It is effective in controlling phytopathogenic fungi that cause a great deal of damage by infecting various crops such as cereals.

Therefore, the present invention can be used as a fungicide in agricultural and horticultural fields.

[0004]

[Chemical 1]

[0005]

[Chemical 2]

[0006]

[Chemical 3]

[0007]

[Chemical 4]

[0008]

[Chemical 5]

[0009]

[Chemical 6]

[0010]

2. Description of the Related Art Dithiocarbamate type bactericidal components which are one active ingredient of the agricultural and horticultural germicides of the present invention, for example, maneb, zineb, polycarbamate, diram and thiuram are known as agricultural and horticultural germicides. Vegetables, fruit trees,
It is widely used as a spraying agent for controlling various diseases of flowers and cereals, or as a soil application agent and seed disinfectant. These agents are excellent agents having a broad spectrum of control activity and no phytotoxicity. These are the "Pesticide Handbook, 1985 Edition" (Japan Plant Protection Association)
Pp. 166, 170-181, etc., issued January 30, 1985). Also these 1
Mixtures containing seeds can also be used as agricultural and horticultural fungicides, for example for combinations of manneb and thiophanate methyl, thiuram and thiophanate methyl, thiuram and benomyl, thiuram and polyoxine, thiuram and TPN, thiuram and captan and PCNB, etc. Pesticide Handbook 1985, page 172, page 1
Pp. 79-181.

The above drug name is a generic name described in the above "Agricultural Chemicals Handbook".

On the other hand, Compound A is a compound found by the present inventors, which is a known compound effective for controlling powdery mildew, rust, scab, and brown spot of beet on vegetables and fruit trees. (JP-A-58-65281). Also, as a mixture containing compound A, JP-A-59-710
No. 5 (Compound A + Procymidone), JP-A-59-7
No. 103 (Compound A + Kasugamycin), JP-A-5
9-13703 (Compound A + Polyoxin group antibiotics), JP-A-59-16803 (Compound A + iprodione, vinclozolin), JP-A-59-1680.
No. 8 [Compound A + benomyl, thiophanate methyl, thiabendazole, MBC <2- (methoxycarbonylamino) -benzimidazole>] and the like are known. The names in parentheses are the common names described in the above "Agricultural Chemicals Handbook". However, it is not known to use a mixture of the compound A with a dithiocarbamate fungicidal component such as manneb, zineb, polycarbamate, diram and thiuram, as an agricultural and horticultural fungicide.

[0013]

One of the active ingredients of the present invention
The ones manneb, zineb, polycarbamate, diram and thiuram have a broad spectrum of control activity.
However, if you always try to obtain a stable and high control effect,
It has to be applied at a significantly high concentration, and such a high concentration application has a risk of causing phytotoxicity to crops. Moreover,
It is necessary to spray preventively before the occurrence of disease, and spraying after invading the plant body of the pathogen is not effective. Moreover, even if sprayed at a high concentration, the disease control effect under frequent occurrence is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of sprays, which is economical and
There is a labor problem.

The other active ingredient, compound A
, Cucumber, melon, eggplant, apple, grape, rose,
It is highly effective at relatively low doses against powdery mildew of wheat and rust of wheat, grapes, leeks and chrysanthemums. Compound A is beet brown spot, apple spot leaf spot,
It shows control activity against diseases such as apple scab, apple red scab, peach leaf scab, and grape black scab. The amount of drug required to control these diseases is powdery mildew and rust of various crops. It has the disadvantage that more than 5 times the required dose must be applied.

Further, each active ingredient of the present invention alone exhibits an effect comparable to that of a susceptible bacterium against conventional drug-resistant bacteria and has a low persistence, as is apparent from the test examples described below. Therefore, it lacks practicality.

The present invention provides a fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use which is capable of compensating for such drawbacks of conventional chemicals and exhibiting stable, synergistic and highly sustainable control effect even when sprayed at a low dose. The purpose is.

[0017]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to develop a fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use, which makes up for the drawbacks of conventional fungicides and utilizes the excellent properties of active ingredients. As a result, the present invention has been completed.

According to the present invention, by spraying a mixed fungicide of two kinds consisting of one of manneb, zineb, polycarbamate, diram and thiuram and compound A, it is possible to synergize at an unexpectedly low dose. The present invention has been completed by discovering that it can exert a highly durable disease control effect and can completely control various plant diseases.

[0019]

In the agricultural / horticultural germicide of the present invention, maneb,
The combination of one selected from zineb, polycarbamate, diram and thiuram with compound A is powdery mildew of vegetables, scab of apple and pear, red scab, ring spot disease, leaf spot of apple and leaf spot of pear. Disease, leaf peach disease, scab, scab, grapevine black spot, beet, peanut brown spot,
Acts as an active ingredient for the control of tomato leaf mold disease, strawberry gray mold disease, and barley smut of wheat. The effects of using these active ingredients are practically sufficient when used in combination with drug-resistant bacteria or drug-susceptible bacteria, which have weak control effects when used alone.

The reason why such excellent action is exhibited is not clear, but the compound A of the present invention is used.
Appears to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which is an essential component contained in the cell membranes of pathogenic bacteria, and causing loss of membrane function.

On the other hand, the bactericidal action of manneb, zineb, polycarbamate, diram and thiuram is
It is thought to be due to the reaction with enzymes and metalloenzymes to suppress their action. The synergistic activity of the mixture of two agents having mutually different action characteristics is that compound A reduces the membrane function of the pathogenic bacterium, and thus the bactericidal components such as maneb, zineb, polycarbamate, diram and thiuram are taken into the cells. It is presumed that it will be easier and more powerful.

[0022]

EXAMPLES Method for formulating agricultural and horticultural fungicides To produce the agricultural and horticultural fungicides of the present invention, the active ingredient of the present invention and a suitable carrier and auxiliary agent, for example, a surfactant,
Formulation of wettable powder, emulsion, liquid, sol (flowable agent), oil, powder, DL (driftless type) powder, fine granule, coarse powder, etc. by blending a binder, a stabilizer and the like by a conventional method. You can change it.

The content of the active ingredient in these preparations is 1 to 90% in the case of wettable powder, emulsion, liquid, sol and oil.
(% By weight; the same applies hereinafter), 0.5 to 10% for powders, DL powders and fine granules, 1 to 10 for granules
It can be contained in the range of%.

In the above, usable carriers are as follows:
Any solid or liquid compound commonly used for agricultural and horticultural chemicals can be used, and it is not limited to a specific one.

For example, as the solid carrier, mineral powder (kaolin, bentonite, clay, montmorillonite, talc, diatomaceous earth, mica, vermiculite, gypsum,
Calcium carbonate, apatite, white carbon, slaked lime,
Quartz sand, ammonium sulfate, urea, etc.), plant powders (soybean flour, wheat flour, wood flour, tobacco powder, starch, crystalline cellulose, etc.), polymer compounds (petroleum resin, polyvinyl chloride, ketone resin, dammalgam, etc.), alumina , Silicates, sugar polymers, highly dispersible silicic acids, waxes and the like.

As the liquid carrier, water, alcohols (methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, iso-propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (Benzene, toluene,
Xylene, ethylbenzene, chlorobenzene, cumene,
Methylnaphthalene, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, chloroethylene, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, etc.), ethers (ethyl ether, ethylene oxide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), ketones (Acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol acetate, amyl acetate, etc.), acid amides (dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.), nitrites ( Acetonitrile, propionitrile, acrylonitrile, etc.), sulfoxides (dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), alcohol ethers (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether) , Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, etc.), aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbons (n-hexane, cyclohexane, etc.), industrial gasoline (petroleum ether, solvent naphtha, etc.), and petroleum fractions (paraffins, Kerosene, light oil, etc.).

In the preparation of emulsions, wettable powders, sol agents (flowable agents), emulsification, dispersion, solubilization, wetting,
Surfactants (or emulsifiers) are used for the purposes of foaming, lubrication, spreading and the like. Examples of such a surfactant include those shown below, but of course the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Nonionic polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester, sorbitan alkyl ester and the like.

Anionic alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl sulphate, polyoxyethylene alkyl sulphate, aryl sulphonate and the like.

Cationic alkylamines (laurylamine, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, etc.) Polyoxyethylene alkylamines and the like.

Amphoteric carboxylic acid (betaine type), sulfate ester, etc.

In addition to these, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CM
C), gum arabic, polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, casein, sodium alginate, tragacanth gum,
Various auxiliaries such as can be used.

The agricultural / horticultural germicide of the present invention may be mixed with other germicidal ingredients and insecticidal ingredients. And the pests applied by the mixture, the method of use, the time of use,
It can be expanded.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described. In the examples, all parts are parts by weight.

Example 1 (Wettable powder) 60 parts of Manneb, 3 parts of Compound A, 10 parts of white carbon, 3 parts of lauryl sulfate, 2 parts of calcium ligninsulfonate and 22 parts of clay were mixed and sufficiently pulverized to be hydrated. Get the agent.

Example 2 (wettable powder) 40 parts of polycarbamate, 3 parts of compound A, 10 parts of white carbon, 3 parts of lauryl sulfate, 2 parts of sodium naphthalene sulfonate formalin condensate and 42 parts of clay were mixed and sufficiently pulverized. To obtain a wettable powder.

Example 3 (wettable powder) Zineb 50 parts, compound A 5 parts, white carbon
10 parts, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether
3 parts, 2 parts of calcium lignin sulfonate and 30 parts of clay are mixed and ground sufficiently to obtain a wettable powder.

Example 4 (Wettable powder) Thiourum 40 parts, compound A 4 parts, white carbon 10 parts, alkylbenzene sulfonic acid 3 parts, lignin sulfonate calcium 2 parts and clay 41 parts were mixed and sufficiently pulverized to obtain water. Get the remedy.

Example 5 (Hydrated Granule) 50 parts of diram, 5 parts of compound A, 8 parts of lauryl sulfate and 37 parts of clay are mixed and pulverized. Then, 15 parts of water is added, and after kneading, granulation is carried out by an extrusion granulator, dried and then sieved (14 to 32 mesh) to obtain a hydrated granule.

Example 6 (Flowable) 22 parts of water, 1 part of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether and 4 parts of sodium salt of ligninsulfonic acid were added and stirred, and then 60 parts of finely ground ziram and 3 parts of compound A were added. The mixture is stirred, and 10 parts of a 2% xanthan gum aqueous solution is further added and further stirred to obtain a flowable.

The method of using the agricultural / horticultural germicide of the present invention is generally as follows. That is, in the case of a wettable powder or a sol agent (flowable agent), it is generally diluted 200 to 3000 times with water to prepare a solution of 200 to 2000 ppm. And for 10 ares, this diluted solution is 50-400
It is sprayed on the foliage at the disease occurrence site of the plant within the range of 1.

In the case of powder, 2 to 10 ares are used.
5 kg (about 50 to 500 g as an active ingredient) may be dispersed on the plant.

[0043]

When the agricultural and horticultural germicide of the present invention is used,
The following operational effects are brought about. That is, various plant diseases, scab of apple, red scab, powdery mildew, spot leaf disease, ring spot, black spot, soot spot, soot spot, monilia disease, brown spot, pear scab, Red scab, powdery mildew, black spot, ring spot, peach leaf scab, scab, Phomopsis rot, ash scab, late grape rot, brown spot, gray mold,
Black scab, powdery mildew, rust, cherry scab of sweet cherry, black scab of plum, oyster's defoliation, powdery mildew, cucumber, melon, powdery mildew of pumpkin, anthracnose, downy mildew ,
Black spot, powdery mildew of eggplant, powdery mildew of tomato, plague, leaf mold, strawberry powdery mildew, gray mold, green onion rust, tea anthracnose, rice blast, rice blast, wheat Powdery mildews, rusts, scabs, eye-spots, beets, peanut brown spots, rose scab, powdery mildews, sunspots, chrysanthemum white rusts, black rusts, and grass rusts It has a synergistic and long-lasting control effect against diseases, brown patches, and psium patches. This high control effect is due to Compound A
It is brought about by mixing the bactericidal components of manneb, zineb, polycarbamate, diram, and thiuram in a mixing ratio of 10 to 25 parts with respect to 1 part (part by weight; the same hereinafter).

Secondly, since the agricultural and horticultural germicide of the present invention has such excellent action and effect, the amount of the drug to be used is reduced from one half to one fifth of the case of using each alone. However, a sufficient control effect can be obtained, and the dose reduction effect can be obtained.

In order to exert the above-mentioned excellent controlling effect, the fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use of the present invention is directly sprayed on plant foliage by using a suitable spraying device before or after the occurrence of disease. The target disease can be effectively controlled.

Third, useful crops such as apple, pear, peach, grape, cherry, etc.
It does not harm ume, oyster, cucumber, melon, watermelon, eggplant, tomato, strawberry, green onion, tea, barley, wheat, beet, peanut, rose, chrysanthemum, or turf.

Fourth, the agricultural / horticultural fungicide of the present invention is effective for plant diseases caused by resistant bacteria. That is, the active ingredient of the present invention is a combination of drugs having completely different chemical structures from the currently problematic benzimidazole drugs such as benomyl and thiophanatemethyl, or dicarboximide drugs such as vinclozolin, iprodione and procymidone. . Therefore, benzimidazole-based drugs, diseases caused by resistant strains caused by heavy use of dicarboximide-based drugs (e.g., benzimidazole-based drug-resistant bacteria such as apple and pear scab, apple powdery mildew, dicarboximide-based drug-resistant bacteria As for cucumber gray mold and the like), it acts equally or even more effectively than the disease caused by susceptible bacteria.

From the above, the fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use of the present invention is useful as various plant control agents.

Next, the function and effect of the present invention will be shown by test examples.

Test Example 1 Beet Brown Spot Disease Control Effect Test (Pot Test) Prepared according to Example 4 when the fourth leaf of beet (cultivar Hiirabe) seeded in a biscuit pot having a diameter of 9 cm was developed. The wettable powder was diluted to a predetermined concentration, and 30 ml per 3 pots was sprayed on a turntable with a spray gun. The seeding source was Beet brown spot fungus (Cercospora veticola: Cerc) which is resistant to thiophanate methyl.
spores of ospora beticola ) were sowed to cause the diseased leaves to be placed in a moist chamber for 2 days for sporulation,
This is a spreading agent (polyoxyethylene alkyl ether)
Was used as a spore suspension with a 50 ppm solution of Then, this spore suspension has a spore concentration of 10 ⁶ spores / m 2.
After adjusting to l, spray inoculation was carried out on the plants 1 day after spraying and 7 days after spraying. 25 ° C and 100% humidity after inoculation
After left standing in the moist chamber for 2 days, it was transferred to a glass greenhouse to cause illness.

In the onset of disease, the number of lesions per leaf was examined 16 days after the inoculation of the bacterium, and the control value (%) was calculated from the comparison with the non-dispersed plot by the following formula. In addition, the degree of drug damage is
The degree was indicated by the following phytotoxicity index.

The results are shown in Table 1.

[0053]

[Equation 1]

[0054]

[0055]

[Table 1] Control effect against beet brown spot disease (persistent effect)

Test Example 2 Test for controlling apple leaf spot leaf disease (field test) Test method (1) Test variety: Fuji 11th grade (2) District system: 1 zone, 1 tree, 3 systems (3) Amount / method of drug spraying : The wettable powder prepared according to Example 3 was diluted to a predetermined concentration, and then added on May 28, June 10, 6
On the 21st of each month and on the 2nd of July, 301 diluted solutions were sprayed per tree using a power sprayer, four times in total. (4) Occurrence of disease: The number of spontaneously occurring leaf spots of apple was low in the early stage, but it increased from mid June and was high. (5) Disease investigation: On July 16 (14 days after the final spraying), 15 shoots of each ward were arbitrarily selected, and all the leaves were investigated for the presence of apple spot leaf disease (the average number of leaves investigated was about 400). ),
The diseased leaf rate (%) was determined, and the control value (%) was calculated from this. The degree of chemical damage was examined using the same index as in Test Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 2.

[0058]

[Table 2] Apple leaf spot leaf disease control effect

Test Example 3 Control effect test for apple scab and apple scab (field test) Test method (1) Test varieties: Chiaki 5th grade dwarf stand (2) Ward system: 1 ward 1 tree 3 consecutive (3 ) Drug application amount / method: A wettable powder prepared according to Example 3 was diluted to a predetermined concentration, and then, on May 20, (immediately before flowering), 5
On the 30th of each month (immediately after the fallen flowers), 14th of June, and 30th of June, a total of 4 times, 10 l of the diluted solution was sprayed per tree using a power sprayer. (4) Occurrence of disease: Apple scab was common and apple scab was moderate. (5) Investigation of disease occurrence: For scab disease, on July 14 (14 days after the final application), the presence or absence of disease was investigated for all fully developed leaves of 30 shoots per tree, and the diseased leaf rate (%) was obtained. In addition, scab disease is investigated on June 14th (15 days after the second application), the presence or absence of the disease is investigated, and the diseased leaf rate (%) is determined. From this, the control value (%) is determined from the comparison with the non-application area. It was calculated. In addition, the degree of drug damage is
The index was the same as in Test Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 3.

[0061]

[Table 3] Control effect against apple scab and apple scab

Test Example 4 Controlling effect test against peach leaf compaction (field test) Test method (1) Test varieties: Hakuho 7th grade (2) Ward system: 1 ward, 1 tree, 3 consecutive system (3) Amount of drug sprayed Method: A wettable powder prepared according to Example 1 was diluted to a predetermined concentration, and immediately before germination (March 27), 7 l was sprayed per tree using a power sprayer. (4) Occurrence of disease: There were many rainfalls during the emergence period from the beginning of April. (5) Disease occurrence survey: On May 25, about 400 leaves per tree were investigated for the presence or absence of twitch disease, and the diseased leaf rate (%) was calculated. From this, in comparison with the non-scattered area The control value (%) was calculated. The degree of chemical damage was examined using the same index as in Test Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 4.

[0064]

[Table 4] Control effect against peach leaflet disease

Test Example 5 Pest control effect against black spot of grapevine (field test) Test method (1) Test variety: Kyoho (2) Group system: 1 group, 1 tree 3 series (3) Amount / method of drug spraying The wettable powder prepared according to Example 3 was diluted to a predetermined concentration, and then diluted on May 10 (embryonic stage), 5
Twenty-five liters were sprayed per tree using a power sprayer twice on the 25th of each month. (4) Occurrence of disease: There were many outbreaks. (5) Disease onset: On June 8th, 14 days after the final application, 200 fruit clusters of each tree were investigated according to the degree of disease, and the disease degree was calculated by the following formula. From this, the control value was compared with the non-dispersed area. (%) Was calculated. Further, the drug damage was examined with the same index as in Test Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 5.

[0067]

[Equation 2]

[0068]

[0069]

[Table 5] Control effect against grape black rot

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. At least one of Manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, bisdimethyldithiocarbamoyl zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate or bis (dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide and 4-chlorobenzyl- N-2,4-dichlorophenyl-2- (1H-1,2,4-triazole-
A fungicide for agricultural and horticultural use, which comprises a mixture with 1-yl) thioacetimidate as an active ingredient.