JPH0627867A - Personal education machine and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the educational machine and method which matching the individuality of a learner and serve as a tutor. CONSTITUTION:The educational machine and method are provided with means mentioned below to attain the purpose. (1) An optical disk on which items common to plural lessons are recorded in its ROM area 561 and learning records characteristic to the learner are recorded in its RAM area 562 is used. (2) The extent of understanding is decided by conducting an examination right after and a certain time after each unit is learnt to identify memorization characteristics of the learner and proper cycles of repetitive learning are set and displayed. (3) Similar problems which are solved in the past are stored and when one problem can not be solved, a similar problem which is solved in the past is displayed as a hint. (4) All problems which could not be solved in the past are stored and set again to assist the fixation of memorization.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to personal educational machines. In particular, the present invention relates to a tutor-like personal educational machine and method that maximizes abilities and cultivates creativity according to the individuality of the learner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional educational machines have been used for various purposes. When roughly classified, they are used for the following three purposes.

(1) Drill: This is an exercise in which items that need to be completely acquired are repeatedly practiced, and similar problems are presented many times until the items can be acquired. In some cases, it has a function to adjust the difficulty level of the next question according to the learning result.

(2) Individual instruction: This style is suitable for the educational equipment to instruct one learning unit, issue a question, make an answer, give a comment to the answer (return of correctness, encouragement, etc.) This is a format for selecting and presenting problems.

(3) Experimental support: Physical phenomena are simulated and chemical phenomena are simulated and collated with actual experimental results to help understand the phenomena.

[0006]

Although the conventional educational equipment has been effective in the fields of drilling, tutoring, and experimental support, it is like a tutor that flexibly changes the educational policy according to the individuality of the learner. It lacked in softness.

One of the objects of the present invention is to store learning contents common to a plurality of learners in a ROM area, and to store learning records and memory retention characteristics peculiar to the learner in a RAM area so that the learner's individuality can be improved. It is to provide an educational machine and method that fulfills the role of a private tutor.

Another object of the present invention is to store in the RAM area of an optical disk a problem that a learner has already learned and who has already solved, and present a comment immediately when a problem that cannot be solved is encountered. It is an object of the present invention to provide an educational machine and method for strengthening the logical thinking of a learner by presenting a problem that has already been solved as a hint and by training the learner to solve the problem by himself.

[0009]

The educational machine and method of the present invention are characterized by having the following means in order to achieve the above object.

(1) A RAM in which a curriculum for learning common to a plurality of learnings, problems, manuals, etc. are recorded in a non-rewritable ROM area, and learning records and memory retention characteristics peculiar to the learner can be added or rewritten. The feature is that a partial ROM type optical disk that can be stored in the area is used as a storage medium.

(2) Means for carrying out a judgment test of comprehension degree immediately after learning one unit and after a certain period of time, identifying the memory retention characteristic of the learner, and setting and displaying an appropriate cycle of repetitive learning. have.

(3) Means for storing similar problems that have been solved in the past and presenting similar problems that have been solved in the past as hints when learning is a problem that cannot be solved. This is possible by incorporating a large-capacity recording / playback storage device in the educational machine.

(4) Means for memorizing all problems that have failed in the past, retroactively re-questioning, and supporting the fixation of memory are provided.

[0014]

The personal educational machine of the present invention records a curriculum for learning, problems, explanations, etc. which are common to a plurality of learnings in a non-rewritable ROM area, and a learning record peculiar to the learner,
Since a partial ROM type optical disk capable of additionally storing or rewriting the storage retention characteristic in a RAM area is used as a storage medium, it is difficult to illegally copy the storage medium. Further, since the learning contents common to the learners can be created by means such as a stamper, a large amount can be created and the learners can be provided at low cost.

Since the personal educational machine of the present invention can identify the memory retention characteristic of each learner for each subject and predict the memory retention amount after learning based on it, it is possible to present an appropriate review timing.

By having a large-capacity RAM for personal use, problems that have been solved in the learning process and past and problems that have not been solved can be classified and stored. Unsolved problems can be reused as hints when thinking about new problems, and unsolved problems can be reissued after a certain period of time to help settle memory and improve understanding. Rather than presenting explanations to problems that could not be solved, providing similar problems that were solved in the past as hints and training to solve them with their own power is different from seeing and understanding the commentary. It has the effect of developing thinking ability.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows the basic flow of education according to the present invention. Further, FIG. 2 shows an apparatus configuration for realizing the present invention. The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The learning management program of the present invention, a ROM (read only memory) and a rewritable (random access memory) are stored in a memory medium 560. When this learning management program is read by the processing device 510 and activated, the learning of the steps shown in FIG. 1 is started. The flow will be described with reference to FIG. First, in step 100, a curriculum is presented. Specifically, it is displayed on the display 520 of FIG. Step 110
Then, the learner selects the curriculum he / she wants to learn from among the presented curricula. At step 120, a description and content of the selected curriculum is displayed. In this case, it may be displayed on the display 520 or printed on the printer 530. When the learner reads and understands the displayed content, the problem is prepared to help the user understand the content. When the learner understands the contents of the curriculum, he / she decides whether or not to request the problem, and requests the problem if necessary. In step 130, the educational machine determines whether there is a problem request. If there is no problem request, it is judged that they have fully understood, the curriculum is completed, and if there is a problem request, the problem is presented. Problem is display on display 520 or printer 53
It is up to the learner to decide whether to give 0. When the learner finishes solving the problem, the answer is input as step 150. Input means is input using the input device 540 of FIG. Keyboard or pen input is possible. In step 170, the correct answer and the grade are presented for the entered answer, and the question is RA together with the basic software together with the date.
It is stored in the M area. It is a basic feature of the present invention to store the actually solved problem. In the present invention, ROM / R
Since the AM mixed memory is used, when the problem is stored, only the code number of the problem is stored, and the capacity is hardly required. In step 180, the learner issues a request for commentary on a problem that the learner could not do. Input is
It is realized via the input device 540. The educational machine determines in step 190 whether or not a comment is requested.
If there is a comment request, the corresponding comment is presented in step 200, and if not, step 200 is passed. In step 210, the learner self-determines whether he / she understands the problem and curriculum content, and inputs the result. If you do, the curriculum ends. If you still do not understand enough, ask for similar issues to ensure your understanding. A feature of the present invention is that there are two types of similar problems. One is the already solved similar problem stored in step 170. Problems that have already been solved play a very important role in learning. That is, it can be useful for the learner to grasp which tendency problem is weak and which tendency problem is strong. In step 220, it is judged whether or not there is a request for a similar problem that has already been solved.
If there is, in step 230, a question that is closely related is extracted from the stored questions and presented. If not, step 230 is passed. In step 240, it is determined whether or not there is a new similar problem request. If so, step 250 presents a similar question. After presenting the new question, the student waits for an answer. The process from step 150 is repeated from the input of the answer from the learner. If no new similar issues are requested in step 240, the curriculum is considered complete and ends.

FIG. 3 shows the internal structure of an optical disc 560 suitable as a ROM / RAM mixed memory medium. The optical disc 560 can have information recorded on the substrate by providing irregularities. Since the unevenness attached to the substrate cannot be rewritten, it becomes ROM information, and the ROM area 561
Recorded in. As the ROM information, as shown in FIG.
Learning management programs, curriculums handled by the software, textbooks, reference books, problem collections and their explanations are suitable. In addition, personal learning management information can be recorded in the recordable area (RA
It is desirable for the learner to record later in M) 562.
From the viewpoint of preventing unauthorized copying, it is desirable that this RAM area be made of a write-once type recording material.
Of course, it is possible to use a rewritable medium as a medium for RAM. That is, when one person starts learning with the optical disc, the learning process is completely recorded in the RAM area, so that even if another person tries to use it for copying, it cannot be effectively utilized. As the RAM information, as shown in FIG. 4, personal memos, already learned problems and answers of learners, wake points, learning records (learning day, time, etc.) history records of failed problems, and memory retention characteristics of learners are recorded. To be done.

Next, the effectiveness of learning using the device of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 shows a memory retention characteristic at the time of basic learning. The figure shows the memory retention characteristics in the case of learning for 1 hour and leaving it as it is for 1000 hours. It shows a situation in which the memory retention amount increases during learning, and when learning ends, it is forgotten with a certain time constant and the memory retention amount decreases. This memory retention characteristic changes depending on the individual learner's ability, likes and dislikes of learning subjects, and the degree of concentration on the day. In the present invention,
The amount stored by learning is Kg (1-exp (t / T
It is shown by a), and after that, the memory retention amount is predicted to decrease based on a certain time constant (forgetting time constant). Where Kg is the learner's memory gain, t is the learning time,
Ta represents the time required for memory during learning. This memory retention characteristic can be identified as follows. That is, the characteristic parameter can be identified by carrying out the achievement test immediately after the learning is completed (point a in the figure) and at point b after a certain amount of time after the learning amount.

FIG. 6 shows the memory retention characteristics of two persons, A and B, who have different abilities. B has the ability to learn at twice the speed of A, and has a forgetting time constant that is four times larger. In this example, B learns A
It is shown that the memory can be retained for 7 to 8 times as long.

FIG. 7 shows the effect of learning the same learning item A for one hour each day. A shows a memory retention characteristic when A is finished in one day, C is a case where it is continued for 2 days, and D is a case where it is continued for 3 days. By learning the same contents as those on the 2nd and 3rd, it is clear that the amount of memory is deepened and the retention time is lengthened. This is in addition to the effect that the brain is activated and becomes hard to forget by repeating the learning at the same time that the amount of memory during learning increases. With this effect, too, if the identification method shown in FIG. 4 is adopted, the memory retention characteristic for an individual can be identified. Further, FIG. 8 shows the difference in the learning effect when the learning timing is set every other day. D in the figure is the same as D in FIG. 7, and E shows the memory retention characteristic when learning is performed every other day. As is clear from the figure, by delaying the learning timing, the memory retention time is slightly extended, but the maximum reached memory amount is reduced.
It can be said that it is desirable to shorten the cycle when the absolute value of the storage amount is a problem and to lengthen the cycle when storing for a long time.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the effect of the present invention. Although there is a difference in personal ability between A and B, the memory retention characteristic can be made better than that of B by proper iterative learning.
That is, according to the present invention, an appropriate learning timing can be presented, so that more effective learning can be performed.

[0024]

According to the personal educational machine of the present invention, a curriculum for learning, a problem, a commentary book, etc. common to a plurality of learnings are recorded in a non-rewritable ROM area, and learning records and memory retention characteristics peculiar to the learner are stored. RAM that can be added or rewritten
Since a partial ROM type optical disk that can be stored in the area is used as a storage medium, it is difficult to illegally copy the storage medium. Further, since the learning contents common to the learners can be created by means such as a stamper, a large amount can be created and the learners can be provided at low cost.

Since the personal educational machine of the present invention can identify the memory retention characteristic of each learner for each subject and predict the memory retention amount after learning based on it, it is possible to present an appropriate review timing.

By having a large-capacity RAM for personal use, it is possible to classify and store the learning process and problems that have been solved in the past and problems that have not been solved. Unsolved problems can be reused as hints when thinking about new problems, and unsolved problems can be re-issued after a certain period of time to help memory consolidation and improve understanding. Rather than presenting explanations to problems that could not be solved, providing similar problems that were solved in the past as hints and training to solve them with their own power is different from seeing and understanding the commentary. It has the effect of developing thinking ability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a learning process of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a Harware configuration diagram for implementing the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows an example of an optical disc suitable for a ROM / RAM mixed memory.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing types of information stored in a ROM and a RAM.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a memory retention characteristic of a learner.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a difference in memory retention characteristics depending on a learner.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an effect of iterative learning.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a learning effect when the timing of repetition is changed.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the effect of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference numeral 510 ... Processing device, 520 ... Display, 530 ... Printer, 540 ... Input device, 550 ... Storage device, 56
0 ... Recording medium.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuya Sugita 4026 Kuji Town, Hitachi City, Hitachi, Ibaraki Prefecture, Hitachi Research Institute, Ltd. (72) Tetsuya Fushimi 4026 Kuji Town, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Hitachi Corporation Inside Hitachi Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Saburo Yasukawa 4026 Kuji Town, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Research Institute Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshito Tsunoda 4026 Kuji Town Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In a personal educational machine having a recording medium having both a ROM area and a RAM area, information such as a learning management program for education, curriculum, textbooks, reference books, problem collections, and commentary that does not need to be changed by an individual. Is recorded in advance in the ROM area, and the learning memo entered by the input means, the learning problem and the answer of the learner, the wake point of the learner, the memory retention characteristic of the learner, etc. RAM for changing information
A personal educational machine having a storage means for storing in an area. 2. A personal educational machine having a recording medium having both a ROM area and a RAM area, information that does not need to be changed by an individual, such as a learning management program for education, curriculum, textbooks, reference books, problem collections, and commentary books. Is recorded in advance in the ROM area, and information that changes according to the learning determined by the determination means, such as the individual learning memo, the already-learned problem and the answer of the learner, the wake point of the learner, and the memory retention characteristic of the learner, is stored in the RAM area. A personal computer characterized by having a memory means for storing and an identifying means for identifying the memory retention characteristic for each subject of the learner, and for predicting the memory retention amount from the memory retention characteristic and presenting an appropriate learning timing. Educational machine. 3. The personal educational machine according to claim 1, wherein the recording medium is an optical disc. 4. A means for presenting a curriculum of education, a means for selecting a learning content from the presented curriculum, a means for presenting a basic matter of the learning content and a question for helping understanding, and an answer to the problem. I don't understand how to enter, how to show correct answers and scores, how to request commentary, how to present commentary when requested, how to input whether or not the problem is understood In the case, basic items and means for reproducing and presenting similar problems solved in the past from a storage device, means for requesting new similar problems, means for creating and presenting similar problems, and storing newly solved problems A personal educational machine comprising: 5. A curriculum for teaching, a step of selecting a learning content from the presented curriculum, a step of presenting a basic matter of the learning content and a question for helping understanding, and an answer to the problem. Do not understand: inputting, presenting correct answer and grade, inputting for requesting commentary, presenting commentary according to request, inputting whether you understood the problem In the case, the steps of reproducing and presenting basic matters and similar problems solved in the past from a storage device, requesting a new similar problem, creating and presenting the similar problem, and storing the newly solved problem A personal education method comprising: 6. A means for presenting a curriculum of education, a means for selecting a content of learning from the presented curriculum, a means for presenting a basic matter of the learning content and a problem for helping understanding, and a solution to the problem. I don't understand how to enter, how to show correct answers and scores, how to request commentary, how to present commentary when requested, how to input whether or not the problem is understood In the case, basic items and means for reproducing and presenting similar problems solved in the past from a storage device, means for requesting new similar problems, means for creating and presenting similar problems, and storing newly solved problems A personal educational machine comprising means and means for identifying a memory retention characteristic of a learner from the result of the score and determining an effective cycle of repeated learning based on the memory retention characteristic. .