JPH06273437A - Rotation detection apparatus - Google Patents
Rotation detection apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06273437A JPH06273437A JP6182493A JP6182493A JPH06273437A JP H06273437 A JPH06273437 A JP H06273437A JP 6182493 A JP6182493 A JP 6182493A JP 6182493 A JP6182493 A JP 6182493A JP H06273437 A JPH06273437 A JP H06273437A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- output
- trigger circuit
- hall elements
- rotation
- rotating body
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は回転検出装置に関し、特
に、回転する山部と谷部の比率が１対１でない磁性体製
の回転体の回転方向および回転数を簡単な構成で正確に
検出する回転検出装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotation detecting device, and more particularly, it accurately determines the rotating direction and the rotating speed of a rotating body made of a magnetic material in which the ratio of rotating peaks and valleys is not 1: 1. The present invention relates to a rotation detection device for detecting.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、内燃機関やモータ等の回転機器の
回転速度を検出する方法として、回転機器に磁性体から
なる回転体、例えば、歯車をロータとして取り付け、こ
の歯車の歯部の凹凸を利用して回転速度を検出すること
が行われている。例えば、歯車を透磁性を有する材料で
構成し、その歯先部に磁気検出センサを設置して歯先の
凹凸による磁束の変化を検出したり、歯先部を挟むよう
に発光素子と受光素子を設けて光の単位時間当たりの遮
断回数を検出したりして回転機器の回転速度を検出する
ことが行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of detecting the rotational speed of a rotating device such as an internal combustion engine or a motor, a rotating member made of a magnetic material, for example, a gear is attached as a rotor to the rotating device, and unevenness of teeth of the gear is detected. The rotation speed is detected by utilizing this. For example, a gear is made of a magnetically permeable material, and a magnetic detection sensor is installed at the tooth tip to detect a change in magnetic flux due to unevenness of the tooth tip, or a light emitting element and a light receiving element sandwiching the tooth tip. Is provided to detect the number of times light is blocked per unit time, and to detect the rotation speed of the rotating device.
【０００３】一方、このような回転検出装置において、
回転数を検出する他に、その回転方向を検出する機能を
備えた回転検出装置が提案されている。On the other hand, in such a rotation detecting device,
A rotation detection device has been proposed that has a function of detecting the rotation direction in addition to detecting the rotation speed.
【０００４】図４(a) はこの回転方向と回転速度とを検
出可能な回転検出装置４０の構成を示すものであり、特
開昭４−８９５７４号公報に開示があるものである。こ
の公報に開示された回転検出装置４０では、クランクシ
ャフト４１の一部に取り付けたシグナルプレート４２の
外周面を１２０度の角度で３つの領域に分け、各領域に
それぞれ山部４２Ａと谷部４２Ｂとを形成し、各領域の
山部４２Ａの長さを１：２：３にしている。そして、シ
グナルプレート４２の外周部に対向させて電磁ピックア
ップ４３を配置し、この電磁式ピックアップコイル４３
から出力されるパルスをコントローラ４４で検出してシ
グナルプレート４２の回転方向と回転数とを検出するよ
うにしている。即ち、シグナルプレート４２の１回転に
おいて電磁式ピックアップコイル４３から出力されるパ
ルス長は、シグナルプレート４２の回転方向によって図
４(b) に示すように、時計方向回転時と反時計方向回転
時とではそれぞれ異なるので、コントローラ４４はその
ディーティ比の増減でシグナルプレートの回転方向を、
パルス数で回転数を検出するようになっている。FIG. 4 (a) shows the structure of a rotation detecting device 40 capable of detecting the rotation direction and the rotation speed, which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-89574. In the rotation detecting device 40 disclosed in this publication, the outer peripheral surface of the signal plate 42 attached to a part of the crankshaft 41 is divided into three regions at an angle of 120 degrees, and each region has a mountain portion 42A and a valley portion 42B. Are formed, and the length of the mountain portion 42A in each region is set to 1: 2: 3. The electromagnetic pickup 43 is arranged so as to face the outer peripheral portion of the signal plate 42.
The controller 44 detects the pulse output from the signal plate 42 to detect the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the signal plate 42. That is, the pulse length output from the electromagnetic pickup coil 43 in one rotation of the signal plate 42 depends on the rotation direction of the signal plate 42, as shown in FIG. The controller 44 changes the rotation direction of the signal plate by increasing or decreasing the duty ratio.
The number of rotations is detected by the number of pulses.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、図４に
示した従来の回転検出装置では、シグナルプレートの形
状が複雑であり、その重心がクランク軸の回転中心と一
致していないために、また、回転検出センサが電磁ピッ
クアップであるために、(1) 製造コストが高くなる、
(2) 高速回転時の回転検出には適さない、(3) 低速回転
検出が困難である、等の課題が残っている。However, in the conventional rotation detecting device shown in FIG. 4, since the shape of the signal plate is complicated and its center of gravity does not coincide with the rotation center of the crankshaft, Since the rotation detection sensor is an electromagnetic pickup, (1) the manufacturing cost is high,
(2) It is not suitable for rotation detection at high speed rotation, (3) It is difficult to detect low speed rotation, and other problems remain.
【０００６】そこで、本発明は前記従来の回転検出装置
の有する課題を解消し、簡単な構成でコストがかから
ず、検出したい回転軸の高速回転、低速回転に係わら
ず、回転軸の回転方向と回転数を正確に検出することが
できる回転検出装置を提供することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the conventional rotation detecting device, has a simple structure and does not cost, and the rotating direction of the rotating shaft is detected regardless of the high speed rotation or the low speed rotation of the rotating shaft to be detected. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotation detection device capable of accurately detecting the rotation speed.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成する本発
明の回転検出装置は、山部と谷部の比率が１対１でない
磁性体製の回転体と、前記回転体の外周部分に対向する
部位に周方向に並んで設けられ、その設置間隔が前記山
部または谷部の狭い方の部分の長さより狭い２個のホー
ル素子と、前記ホール素子にバイアス磁界を与えるバイ
アス磁石と、前記２個のホール素子の出力を差動増幅す
る増幅器と、前記増幅器の差動出力が入力されるシュミ
ットトリガ回路とを備え、前記シュミットトリガ回路の
出力によって、前記回転体が取付られた回転軸の回転方
向および回転数を検出できることを特徴としている。According to the rotation detecting device of the present invention for achieving the above object, a rotating body made of a magnetic material having a peak-to-valley ratio which is not 1: 1 and an outer peripheral portion of the rotating body are opposed to each other. Two Hall elements, which are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction and whose installation interval is narrower than the length of the narrower one of the peaks or valleys, and a bias magnet which applies a bias magnetic field to the Hall element, An amplifier for differentially amplifying the outputs of the two Hall elements and a Schmitt trigger circuit to which the differential output of the amplifier is input are provided, and the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit causes the rotary shaft to which the rotating body is attached. The feature is that the rotation direction and the rotation speed can be detected.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明の回転検出装置によれば、山部と谷部の
比率が１対１でない磁性体製の回転体の外周部分に、２
個のホール素子がその設置間隔が山部または谷部の狭い
方の部分の長さより狭く併設されているので、回転体の
回転により２個のホール素子から出力された信号を差動
増幅してシュミットトリガ回路にすると、シュミットト
リガ回路からは回転体の回転方向に応じてデューティ比
の異なるパルス信号が得られるので、これにより回転体
の回転方向と回転数とを検出することができる。According to the rotation detecting device of the present invention, the ratio of the crests to the troughs is not 1: 1.
Since the individual Hall elements are installed side by side with a narrower interval than the length of the narrower portion of the peak or valley, the signals output from the two Hall elements are differentially amplified by the rotation of the rotating body. When the Schmitt trigger circuit is used, a pulse signal having a different duty ratio is obtained from the Schmitt trigger circuit according to the rotating direction of the rotating body, so that the rotating direction and the rotating speed of the rotating body can be detected.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下添付図面を用いて本発明の実施例を詳細
に説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１０】図１(a) は本発明の一実施例の回転検出装
置１０の構成を示すものである。図において１は回転方
向と回転速度を検出する回転軸であり、この回転軸の一
部に磁性体製の回転体２が取り付けられている。この実
施例では回転体２はその外周面が９０度の角度で４つの
領域に分けられ、各領域にそれぞれ山部２ａと谷部２ｂ
とが形成されている。各領域における４つの山部２ａの
長さは全て同じであり、よって４つの谷部２ｂの長さも
全て同じである。ところが、各領域における山部２ａと
谷部２ｂの比は１：１ではなく、この実施例では山部２
ａの長さの方が谷部２ｂの長さよりも長く形成されてい
る。FIG. 1 (a) shows the structure of a rotation detecting device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary shaft for detecting a rotational direction and a rotational speed, and a rotary body 2 made of a magnetic material is attached to a part of the rotary shaft. In this embodiment, the rotating body 2 has its outer peripheral surface divided into four regions at an angle of 90 degrees, and each region has a mountain portion 2a and a valley portion 2b.
And are formed. The lengths of the four crests 2a in each area are all the same, and therefore the lengths of the four troughs 2b are also the same. However, the ratio of the peaks 2a to the valleys 2b in each region is not 1: 1.
The length of a is formed longer than the length of the valley portion 2b.
【００１１】回転体２の外周部に対向する部位には、２
つのホール素子４，５を備えたホールＩＣ３が設けられ
ており、２つのホール素子４，５の取付間隔は、回転体
２の谷部２ｂの長さよりも短くなっている。この結果、
２つのホール素子４，５が共に谷部２ｂに対向する場合
があり得る。そして、ホールＩＣ３の後部には２つのホ
ール素子４，５を均一な磁界で励磁（バイアス）するた
めのバイアス磁石６が設けられている。At the portion facing the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body 2, 2
A Hall IC 3 including two Hall elements 4 and 5 is provided, and the mounting interval between the two Hall elements 4 and 5 is shorter than the length of the valley portion 2b of the rotating body 2. As a result,
It is possible that the two Hall elements 4 and 5 both face the valley 2b. A bias magnet 6 for exciting (biasing) the two Hall elements 4 and 5 with a uniform magnetic field is provided at the rear of the Hall IC 3.
【００１２】ホール素子４，５の出力は差動増幅器７の
２つの入力端子に接続されており、ホール素子４，５の
出力はこの差動増幅器７によって差動増幅される。ま
た、差動増幅器７の出力はシュミットトリガ回路８に入
力されるようになっている。シュミットトリガ回路８に
は図１(b) に示すような２つの回路しきい値ＶonとＶof
f があり、２つのしきい値の絶対レベルは同じ（Ｖon＝
−Ｖof）となっている。そして、シュミットトリガ回路
８は、差動増幅器７からの入力信号のレベルがしきい値
Ｖonを越えるとハイレベル“Ｈ”を出力し、差動増幅器
７からの入力信号がしきい値Ｖoff を下回るとローレベ
ル“Ｌ”を出力する。The outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 are connected to the two input terminals of the differential amplifier 7, and the outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 are differentially amplified by the differential amplifier 7. The output of the differential amplifier 7 is input to the Schmitt trigger circuit 8. The Schmitt trigger circuit 8 has two circuit threshold values Von and Vof as shown in FIG. 1 (b).
f, and the absolute levels of the two thresholds are the same (Von =
-Vof). Then, the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 outputs a high level "H" when the level of the input signal from the differential amplifier 7 exceeds the threshold value Von, and the input signal from the differential amplifier 7 falls below the threshold value Voff. And low level "L" are output.
【００１３】ここで、以上のように構成された回転検出
装置１０の動作を、回転体２が時計回りをした場合と反
時計回りをした場合について、図２を用いて説明する。
なお、この図にはバイアス磁石６の図示は省略してあ
り、ホール素子４，５の出力電圧をそれぞれＶ4,Ｖ5 と
し、シュミットトリガ回路８の出力をＶout とする。Now, the operation of the rotation detecting device 10 constructed as above will be described with reference to FIG. 2 for the case where the rotating body 2 rotates clockwise and the case where it rotates counterclockwise.
The bias magnet 6 is not shown in this figure, and the output voltages of the Hall elements 4 and 5 are V4 and V5, respectively, and the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is Vout.
【００１４】まず、図２の 1に示すように、ホール素子
４，５が共に回転体２の谷部２ｂに対向している時に
は、ホール素子４，５の出力は等しくＶ4 −Ｖ5 ＝０と
なり、差動増幅器７の出力も０である。このときシュミ
ットトリガ回路８の出力ＶoutはＯＦＦとなっているも
のとする。この状態から回転体２が矢印の方向（時計方
向）に回転すると、ホール素子４が回転体２の山部２ａ
に近づくので、ホール素子４を貫通する磁束が増してホ
ール素子４の出力のみが増大し、ホール素子４，５の出
力はＶ4 ＞Ｖ5 となる。そして、ホール素子４の出力Ｖ
4 とホール素子５の出力Ｖ5 の差がしきい値Ｖonを上回
った時点でシュミットトリガ回路８の出力がＯＦＦから
ＯＮに反転する。First, as shown by 1 in FIG. 2, when the Hall elements 4 and 5 are both facing the valley 2b of the rotating body 2, the outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 are equal to V4 -V5 = 0. The output of the differential amplifier 7 is also 0. At this time, it is assumed that the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is OFF. When the rotating body 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow (clockwise direction) from this state, the Hall element 4 moves to the peak portion 2a of the rotating body 2.
, The magnetic flux penetrating the Hall element 4 increases and only the output of the Hall element 4 increases, and the outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 become V4> V5. And the output V of the Hall element 4
When the difference between 4 and the output V5 of the Hall element 5 exceeds the threshold value Von, the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is inverted from OFF to ON.
【００１５】そして、図２の 2に示すようにホール素子
４が山部２ａに対向し、ホール素子５が谷部２ｂに対向
する状態では、ホール素子４，５の出力差Ｖ4 −Ｖ5
（Ｖ4＞Ｖ5 ）は正の最大値をとる。この状態から回転
体２が矢印の方向に回転すると、ホール素子５が回転体
２の山部２ａに近づくので、ホール素子４の出力は変わ
らずホール素子５の出力のみが増大し、Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 の値
が０に近づいて差動増幅器７の出力は次第に小さくなっ
てＶonよりも小さくなってくるが、シュミットトリガ回
路８のしきい値はヒステリシスを持っているので、シュ
ミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖout はＯＮのままである。As shown by 2 in FIG. 2, when the Hall element 4 faces the peak portion 2a and the Hall element 5 faces the valley portion 2b, the output difference V4 -V5 of the Hall elements 4, 5 is increased.
(V4> V5) has the maximum positive value. When the rotator 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow from this state, the Hall element 5 approaches the ridge portion 2a of the rotator 2, so that the output of the Hall element 4 does not change and only the output of the Hall element 5 increases. The output of the differential amplifier 7 gradually becomes smaller and becomes smaller than Von as the value of becomes closer to 0. However, since the threshold value of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 has hysteresis, the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is Remains ON.
【００１６】この後、図２の 3に示すようにホール素子
４，５が共に山部２ａに対向する状態では、ホール素子
４，５の出力はＶ4 ＝Ｖ5 となり、差動増幅器７の出力
は０になる。この時のシュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖ
out はＯＮのままである。この状態から回転体２が矢印
の方向に回転すると、ホール素子４が回転体２の谷部２
ｂに近づくので、ホール素子５の出力は変わらずホール
素子４の出力のみが減少し、Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 の値が０よりも
小さくなり、差動増幅器７の出力は次第に小さくなって
マイナス側のしきい値Ｖoff よりも小さくなってくる。
そして、ホール素子４の出力Ｖ4 とホール素子５の出力
Ｖ5 の差がしきい値Ｖoff を下回った時点でシュミット
トリガ回路８の出力がＯＮからＯＦＦに反転する。Thereafter, as shown by 3 in FIG. 2, when the Hall elements 4 and 5 are both facing the mountain portion 2a, the outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 are V4 = V5, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 is It becomes 0. Output V of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 at this time
out remains ON. When the rotating body 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow from this state, the Hall element 4 moves to the valley portion 2 of the rotating body 2.
Since it approaches b, the output of the Hall element 5 does not change, only the output of the Hall element 4 decreases, the value of V4 -V5 becomes smaller than 0, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 becomes gradually smaller and becomes the negative side. It becomes smaller than the threshold value Voff.
Then, when the difference between the output V4 of the Hall element 4 and the output V5 of the Hall element 5 falls below the threshold value Voff, the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is inverted from ON to OFF.
【００１７】そして、図２の 4に示すようにホール素子
４が谷部２ｂに対向し、ホール素子５が山部２ａに対向
する状態では、ホール素子４，５の出力差Ｖ4 −Ｖ5
（Ｖ4＜Ｖ5 ）は負の最小値 (絶対レベルは最大) をと
る。この状態から回転体２が矢印の方向に回転すると、
ホール素子５が回転体２の谷部２ｂに近づくので、ホー
ル素子４の出力は変わらずホール素子５の出力のみが減
少し、Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 の値が０に近づいて差動増幅器７の出
力は次第に大きくなってＶoff よりも大きくなってくる
が、シュミットトリガ回路８のしきい値はヒステリシス
を持っているので、シュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖou
t はＯＦＦのままである。As shown by 4 in FIG. 2, when the Hall element 4 faces the valley 2b and the Hall element 5 faces the peak 2a, the output difference V4 -V5 of the Hall elements 4, 5 is V4.
(V4 <V5) takes the negative minimum value (the absolute level is the maximum). When the rotating body 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow from this state,
Since the Hall element 5 approaches the valley 2b of the rotating body 2, the output of the Hall element 4 does not change, only the output of the Hall element 5 decreases, and the value of V4 -V5 approaches 0, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 becomes It gradually becomes larger than Voff, but the threshold value of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 has hysteresis, so the output Vou of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is increased.
t remains off.
【００１８】この後、図２の 5に示すようにホール素子
４，５が共に谷部２ｂに対向する状態では、ホール素子
４，５の出力はＶ4 ＝Ｖ5 となり、差動増幅器７の出力
は０になり、シュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖout はＯ
ＦＦのままである。この状態は図２の 1と同じであり、
以後、 1から 5の動作が繰り返される。Thereafter, as shown by 5 in FIG. 2, when the Hall elements 4 and 5 both face the valley 2b, the outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 are V4 = V5, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 is The output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 becomes 0.
It remains FF. This state is the same as 1 in Figure 2,
After that, the operations from 1 to 5 are repeated.
【００１９】次に、図２の 1′に示すように、ホール素
子４，５が共に回転体２の谷部２ｂの中央に対向してお
り、ホール素子４，５の出力は等しくＶ4 −Ｖ5 ＝０、
差動増幅器７の出力も０となっている状態から、回転体
２が矢印で示す反時計方向に回転した場合について考え
る。ただし、図２ 5に示した状態で回転体２が止まり、
そこから回転体２が逆転を始めた場合は最初は図２の
1′の状態でシュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖout はＯ
ＦＦであるが、その後、隣接する谷部２ｂにおいて図２
の 1′になった状態ではシュミットトリガ回路８の出力
Ｖout はＯＮとなり、その後は図２ 1′の状態では全て
シュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖout はＯＮであるの
で、図２ 1′のシュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖout は
ＯＮの状態で説明する。Next, as shown in 1'of FIG. 2, the Hall elements 4 and 5 are both opposed to the center of the valley 2b of the rotating body 2, and the outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 are equal to V4 -V5. = 0,
Consider a case where the rotating body 2 rotates counterclockwise as indicated by an arrow from the state where the output of the differential amplifier 7 is also zero. However, in the state shown in FIG.
When the rotating body 2 starts reversing from that point, first of all
In the state of 1 ', the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is O
Although it is an FF, after that, in the adjacent valley portion 2b, as shown in FIG.
2 ', the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is ON, and thereafter, in the state of FIG. 2 1', the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is all ON. Therefore, the Schmitt trigger circuit of FIG. The output Vout of 8 will be described in the ON state.
【００２０】まず、図２の 1′に示すホール素子４，５
が共に回転体２の谷部２ｂに対向している状態から回転
体２が矢印の方向（反時計方向）に回転すると、ホール
素子５が回転体２の山部２ａに近づくので、ホール素子
５を貫通する磁束が増してホール素子５の出力のみが増
大し、ホール素子４，５の出力はＶ4 ＜Ｖ5 となる。そ
して、ホール素子４の出力Ｖ4 とホール素子５の出力Ｖ
5 の差（Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 ＜０）がしきい値Ｖoff を下回った
時点でシュミットトリガ回路８の出力がＯＮからＯＦＦ
に反転する。First, the Hall elements 4 and 5 shown at 1'in FIG.
When the rotator 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow (counterclockwise) from the state where they both face the valley 2b of the rotator 2, the Hall element 5 approaches the ridge 2a of the rotator 2, so the Hall element 5 The magnetic flux penetrating through the holes increases and only the output of the hall element 5 increases, and the outputs of the hall elements 4 and 5 are V4 <V5. Then, the output V4 of the Hall element 4 and the output V of the Hall element 5
When the difference of 5 (V4−V5 <0) becomes less than the threshold value Voff, the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 changes from ON to OFF.
Flip to.
【００２１】そして、図２の 2′に示すようにホール素
子５が山部２ａに対向し、ホール素子４が谷部２ｂに対
向する状態では、ホール素子４，５の出力差Ｖ4 −Ｖ5
（Ｖ4 ＞Ｖ5 ）は負の最小値 (絶対レベルは最大) をと
る。この状態から回転体２が矢印の方向に回転すると、
ホール素子４が回転体２の山部２ａに近づくので、ホー
ル素子５の出力は変わらずホール素子４の出力のみが増
大し、Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 の値が０に近づいて差動増幅器７の出
力は次第に小さくなってＶoff よりも大きくなってくる
が、シュミットトリガ回路８のしきい値はヒステリシス
を持っているので、シュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖou
t はＯＦＦのままである。As shown in 2'of FIG. 2, when the Hall element 5 faces the peak 2a and the Hall element 4 faces the valley 2b, the output difference V4 -V5 of the Hall elements 4 and 5 is increased.
(V4> V5) takes a negative minimum value (absolute level is maximum). When the rotating body 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow from this state,
Since the Hall element 4 approaches the mountain portion 2a of the rotating body 2, the output of the Hall element 5 does not change, only the output of the Hall element 4 increases, and the value of V4 -V5 approaches 0, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 becomes Although it gradually becomes smaller and becomes larger than Voff, the threshold value of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 has hysteresis, so the output Vou of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is
t remains off.
【００２２】この後、図２の 3′に示すようにホール素
子４，５が共に山部２ａに対向する状態では、ホール素
子４，５の出力はＶ4 ＝Ｖ5 となり、差動増幅器７の出
力は０になる。この状態でもシュミットトリガ回路８の
出力Ｖout はＯＦＦのままである。この状態から回転体
２が矢印の方向に回転すると、ホール素子５が回転体２
の谷部２ｂに近づくので、ホール素子４の出力は変わら
ずホール素子５の出力のみが減少し、Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 の値が
０よりも大きくなり、差動増幅器７の出力は次第に大き
くなってプラス側のしきい値Ｖonよりも大きくなってく
る。そして、ホール素子４の出力Ｖ4 とホール素子５の
出力Ｖ5 の差がしきい値Ｖonを上回った時点でシュミッ
トトリガ回路８の出力がＯＦＦからＯＮに反転する。After that, as shown in 3'of FIG. 2, when the Hall elements 4 and 5 both face the mountain portion 2a, the outputs of the Hall elements 4 and 5 become V4 = V5, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 Becomes 0. Even in this state, the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 remains OFF. When the rotating body 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow from this state, the Hall element 5 moves
As the output of the Hall element 4 does not change and only the output of the Hall element 5 decreases, the value of V4 -V5 becomes larger than 0, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 gradually increases and becomes positive. It becomes larger than the threshold value Von on the side. Then, when the difference between the output V4 of the Hall element 4 and the output V5 of the Hall element 5 exceeds the threshold value Von, the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is inverted from OFF to ON.
【００２３】そして、図２の 4′に示すようにホール素
子５が谷部２ｂに対向し、ホール素子４が山部２ａに対
向する状態では、ホール素子４，５の出力差Ｖ4 −Ｖ5
（Ｖ4 ＞Ｖ5 ）は正の最大値をとる。この状態から回転
体２が矢印の方向に回転すると、ホール素子４が回転体
２の谷部２ｂに近づくので、ホール素子５の出力は変わ
らずホール素子４の出力のみが減少し、Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 の値
が０に近づいて差動増幅器７の出力は次第に小さくなっ
てＶonよりも小さくなってくるが、シュミットトリガ回
路８のしきい値はヒステリシスを持っているので、シュ
ミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖout はＯＮのままである。When the Hall element 5 faces the valley 2b and the Hall element 4 faces the peak 2a as shown at 4'in FIG. 2, the output difference V4 -V5 of the Hall elements 4 and 5 is shown.
(V4> V5) has the maximum positive value. When the rotator 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow from this state, the Hall element 4 approaches the valley portion 2b of the rotator 2, so that the output of the Hall element 5 does not change and only the output of the Hall element 4 decreases. The output of the differential amplifier 7 gradually becomes smaller and becomes smaller than Von as the value of becomes closer to 0. However, since the threshold value of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 has hysteresis, the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is Remains ON.
【００２４】この後、図２の 5′に示すようにホール素
子４，５が共に谷部２ｂに対向する状態では、ホール素
子４，５の出力はＶ4 ＝Ｖ5 となり、差動増幅器７の出
力は０になり、シュミットトリガ回路８の出力Ｖout は
ＯＦＦのままである。この状態は図２の 1′と同じであ
り、以後、 1′から 5′の動作が繰り返される。Thereafter, as shown in 5'of FIG. 2, when the Hall elements 4 and 5 both face the valley 2b, the output of the Hall elements 4 and 5 becomes V4 = V5, and the output of the differential amplifier 7 is obtained. Becomes 0, and the output Vout of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 remains OFF. This state is the same as 1'of FIG. 2, and thereafter, the operations of 1'to 5'are repeated.
【００２５】図３は以上のように動作する回転検出装置
１０の差動増幅器７の出力波形と、これに対応するシュ
ミットトリガ回路８の出力波形を示すものであり、(a)
は回転体２が時計回りした時の波形であり、(b) は回転
体２が反時計回りした時の波形を示すものである。図３
(a) ，(b) において、図２の状態との対応関係を明確に
するために、時間軸（横軸）に図２の状態を示す符号 1
〜 5および 1′〜 5′を付してある。FIG. 3 shows the output waveform of the differential amplifier 7 of the rotation detecting device 10 which operates as described above and the output waveform of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 corresponding to it.
Shows a waveform when the rotating body 2 rotates clockwise, and (b) shows a waveform when the rotating body 2 rotates counterclockwise. Figure 3
In (a) and (b), in order to clarify the correspondence relationship with the state of FIG. 2, a symbol indicating the state of FIG. 2 on the time axis (horizontal axis) 1
~ 5 and 1'-5 'are attached.
【００２６】図３(a) ，(b) に示すように、ホール素子
４，５にバイアス磁石６より均等な磁界が印加された状
態でバイアス磁石６の反対側に図１に示すような回転体
２が回転すると、その位置（山部２ａと谷部２ｂの位
置）によって２つのホール素子４，５を貫通する磁束の
密度に差が発生し、２つのホール素子４，５の出力電圧
の差Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 に差が生じる。従って、２つのホール素
子４，５の出力電圧の差Ｖ4 −Ｖ5 を差動増幅し、しき
い値に図１(b) に示すようなヒステリシスのあるシュミ
ットトリガ回路８にて波形成形すれば、回転体２の回転
方向の違いによって２つのホール素子４，５が同時に山
部２ａ、あるいは谷部２ｂに位置していても、シュミッ
トトリガ回路８の出力のＯＮとＯＦＦが反転する。As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the Hall elements 4 and 5 are rotated on the opposite side of the bias magnet 6 as shown in FIG. When the body 2 rotates, a difference occurs in the density of the magnetic flux penetrating the two Hall elements 4 and 5 depending on the position (positions of the peak portion 2a and the valley portion 2b), and the output voltage of the two Hall elements 4 and 5 varies. A difference occurs between the difference V4 and V5. Therefore, if the difference V4 -V5 between the output voltages of the two Hall elements 4 and 5 is differentially amplified and the threshold value is waveform-shaped by the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 having hysteresis as shown in FIG. 1 (b), Even if the two Hall elements 4 and 5 are located at the peak 2a or the valley 2b at the same time due to the difference in the rotating direction of the rotating body 2, ON / OFF of the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 is reversed.
【００２７】このように、回転体２の形状が図１(a) に
示すように山部２ａと谷部２ｂの比が１：１でない場合
には回転体２の回転方向によりシュミットトリガ回路８
の最終出力のデューティ比（実効値）が変化する。よっ
て、図１(a) に示した簡単な構成においてシュミットト
リガ回路８の出力波形のデューティ比を観測することに
より、回転体２の回転方向を検出することができる。ま
た、シュミットトリガ回路８の出力波形のパルス数（単
位時間当たりの）を観測することにより、回転体２の回
転数を検出することができる。As described above, when the shape of the rotating body 2 is not 1: 1 as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 depends on the rotating direction of the rotating body 2.
The duty ratio (effective value) of the final output of changes. Therefore, the rotation direction of the rotating body 2 can be detected by observing the duty ratio of the output waveform of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8 in the simple configuration shown in FIG. Further, by observing the number of pulses (per unit time) of the output waveform of the Schmitt trigger circuit 8, the number of rotations of the rotating body 2 can be detected.
【００２８】以上のように、本発明の回転検出装置１０
では、回転体２の形状が簡単でコントローラが不要のた
め、コストダウンが図れる、回転体２が点対称のために
その重量バランスが良く高速回転の検出が可能である、
ホール素子によって磁束密度の変化を検出しているので
低速回転の検出が可能である、２つのホール素子を１チ
ップＩＣ化が可能であるので装置の小型、軽量、高信頼
性が図れる、実効値メータやタコメータ等の簡単な装置
で回転体２の回転方向と回転数が共に検出することが可
能である、等の数々の利点がある。As described above, the rotation detecting device 10 of the present invention.
Then, since the shape of the rotating body 2 is simple and a controller is not required, cost reduction can be achieved. Since the rotating body 2 is point-symmetrical, its weight balance is good and high-speed rotation can be detected.
Since the change in magnetic flux density is detected by the Hall element, it is possible to detect low-speed rotation. The two Hall elements can be integrated into a single-chip IC, so the device can be made small, lightweight, and highly reliable. Effective value There are a number of advantages such as being able to detect both the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the rotating body 2 with a simple device such as a meter or a tachometer.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
簡単な構成でコストがかからず、検出したい回転軸の高
速回転、低速回転に係わらず、回転軸の回転方向と回転
数を正確に検出することができるという効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention,
With a simple configuration, there is no cost, and there is an effect that the rotation direction and the number of rotations of the rotary shaft can be accurately detected regardless of the high speed rotation or the low speed rotation of the rotary shaft to be detected.
【図１】(a) は本発明の回転検出装置の一実施例の構成
を示す構成図であり、(b) はシュミットトリガ回路のし
きい値を示す線図である。FIG. 1A is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a rotation detection device of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing threshold values of a Schmitt trigger circuit.
【図２】図１の回転体とホール素子の位置関係、および
回転体の回転方向に応じたホール素子の出力差と差動増
幅器の出力電圧の関係を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between the rotor and the Hall element of FIG. 1, and a relationship between an output difference of the Hall element and an output voltage of the differential amplifier according to a rotation direction of the rotor.
【図３】(a) は図１の回転体が時計回りした時のホール
素子の出力差とその時の差動増幅器の出力の変化を示す
波形図であり、(b) は図１の回転体が反時計回りした時
のホール素子の出力差とその時の差動増幅器の出力の変
化を示す波形図である。3A is a waveform diagram showing the output difference of the Hall element and the output of the differential amplifier when the rotating body of FIG. 1 is rotated clockwise, and FIG. 3B is the rotating body of FIG. FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing the output difference of the Hall element when the counterclockwise turns and the change of the output of the differential amplifier at that time.
【図４】(a) は従来の回転検出装置の構成を示す構成図
であり、(b) は(a) の回転体が時計回りと反時計回りし
た時の回転検出装置のコントローラの出力波形を比較し
て示す線図である。4A is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a conventional rotation detection device, and FIG. 4B is an output waveform of a controller of the rotation detection device when the rotating body in FIG. 4A rotates clockwise and counterclockwise. It is a diagram which compares and shows.
１ 回転軸 ２ 回転体 ２ａ 山部 ２ｂ 谷部 ３ ホールＩＣ ４，５ ホール素子 ６ バイアス磁石 ７ 差動増幅器 ８ シュミットトリガ回路 １０ 本発明の回転検出装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 rotating shaft 2 rotating body 2a mountain part 2b valley part 3 Hall IC 4,5 Hall element 6 Bias magnet 7 Differential amplifier 8 Schmitt trigger circuit 10 Rotation detecting device of the present invention
Claims (1)
製の回転体と、 前記回転体の外周部分に対向する部位に周方向に並んで
設けられ、その設置間隔が前記山部または谷部の狭い方
の部分の長さより狭い２個のホール素子と、 前記ホール素子にバイアス磁界を与えるバイアス磁石
と、 前記２個のホール素子の出力を差動増幅する増幅器と、 前記増幅器の差動出力が入力されるシュミットトリガ回
路とを備え、 前記シュミットトリガ回路の出力によって、前記回転体
が取付られた回転軸の回転方向および回転数を検出でき
ることを特徴とする回転検出装置。1. A rotating body made of a magnetic material in which the ratio of peaks to valleys is not 1: 1 and is provided side by side in the circumferential direction at a portion facing the outer peripheral portion of the rotating body, and the installation intervals are the peaks. Hall elements narrower than the length of the narrower part of the portion or valley, a bias magnet that applies a bias magnetic field to the Hall elements, an amplifier that differentially amplifies the outputs of the two Hall elements, and the amplifier A Schmitt trigger circuit to which the differential output of (1) is input, and the rotation direction and the number of rotations of the rotating shaft to which the rotating body is attached can be detected by the output of the Schmitt trigger circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6182493A JPH06273437A (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1993-03-22 | Rotation detection apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6182493A JPH06273437A (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1993-03-22 | Rotation detection apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06273437A true JPH06273437A (en) | 1994-09-30 |
Family
ID=13182230
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6182493A Pending JPH06273437A (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1993-03-22 | Rotation detection apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06273437A (en) |
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-
1993
- 1993-03-22 JP JP6182493A patent/JPH06273437A/en active Pending
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