JPH06247746A - Glass for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a glass for a vehicle having a heat ray shielding film and capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves having higher frequency than FM waves. CONSTITUTION:A film 4 shielding the heat rays of sunbeams is formed on the surface of a glass substrate 1 and an inside antenna 2 and an outside antenna 3 are formed on both sides of the substrate 1 so that they confront each other. The objective glass 5 fitted to a vehicle is obtd.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle glass having a heat ray shielding film and an antenna wire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An antenna having excellent gain on a glass for receiving radio waves such as AM and FM waves, signal waves for position control from automobile phones, mobile phones and satellites in vehicles such as automobiles. Is provided. As such an antenna, a glass antenna in which a silver paste is printed on a window glass of an automobile and baked to form an antenna pattern, a glass antenna in which a metal thin film is provided on the window glass surface as an antenna element, and the like are known. .

In order to improve the comfort of the passenger compartment of an automobile and reduce the load on the air conditioner, it is necessary to shield infrared rays in the sunlight, that is, heat rays. 800n wavelength of sunlight reaching the surface
Near infrared rays from m to 2500 nm. When the near-infrared rays reach the interior of the vehicle, the temperature in the interior of the vehicle increases significantly, especially in summer, and the passengers feel uncomfortable when riding in a parked vehicle or while driving. In addition, it becomes necessary to increase the cooling capacity of the air conditioner used to cool the room, but strengthening the cooling capacity results in deterioration of fuel consumption, resulting in a problem. It is necessary to shield infrared rays from such a background.

As a conventional infrared shielding glass, there is a method of forming a conductive film on the glass. This is intended to shield the heat rays by reflecting the infrared rays in the sunlight rays by the conductive film. A metal film, a transparent conductive film, a nitride film or the like is used as the conductive film. Japanese Patent Office Sho 47
No. 6315 discloses a heat ray reflective glass in which a silver thin film having a film thickness of 10 to 20 nm is sandwiched between transparent oxide films.
The transparent oxide film used in this composition includes titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), zirconium oxide (ZrO ₂ ), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), or a mixture thereof.

Further, a nitride film of titanium nitride (TiN), zirconium nitride (ZrN), hafnium nitride (HfN) or the like exhibits low electric resistance and has heat ray reflectivity.
Optical Coatings for Energy Efficency and Solar Ap
plications, B. Karlsson, CG Ribbing, SPIE, 1982,
According to p52 to 57, it is disclosed that a thin film of TiN, ZrN, or HfN is sandwiched between high-refractive-index transparent dielectric films to exhibit high heat ray reflectivity.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-49702 discloses the use of a heat-reflecting transparent conductive film as a planar glass antenna. Furthermore, JP-A-3-1220
No. 32, on an antenna element obtained by firing an enamel containing silver, selected from borides, carbides, nitrides and oxides of aluminum, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten. It is disclosed to form a layer to reflect heat rays.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4
7-6315 Publication and Optical Coatings for Energy Ef
ficency and Solar Applications, B. Karlsson, CG
As described in Ribbing, SPIE, 1982, p52 to 57, the method of reflecting heat rays by the conductive layer also reflects the radio waves that pass through the glass, and the radio waves do not penetrate into the vehicle interior. In addition, there is a problem that mobile phone radio waves cannot be transmitted and received from inside the vehicle. In addition, JP-A-62
When a heat ray reflective transparent conductive film is used as a planar antenna as described in JP-A-49702, AM waves of a radio can be received, but for position control from FM waves, car phones, mobile phones and satellites. Frequency is 1MH like signal wave
You cannot send or receive radio waves of z or more. Furthermore, as described in JP-A-3-122032,
If a conductive film is formed directly on the antenna wire, a current flows between the antenna wires, tuning of the antenna becomes impossible, and it becomes impossible to receive a required radio signal.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve such a problem. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an FM glass in a vehicle glass provided with a heat ray shielding film to be mounted on a vehicle.
An object of the present invention is to provide a glass for vehicles, particularly a window glass, capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves having a higher frequency than waves.

[0009]

The object of the present invention is to:
A glass to be mounted on a vehicle, in which a heat ray shielding film for shielding heat rays of sunlight is formed on a surface of a transparent glass substrate, characterized in that an inside antenna and an outside antenna are formed on the glass. Achieved by vehicle glass.

The present invention will be described in detail below. The transparent glass substrate used in the present invention is arbitrarily selected from soda lime glass, non-alkali glass and the like. The glass antenna used for the vehicle glass of the present invention is formed so as to face each other on the inside and the outside of the vehicle. As the antenna, a glass antenna in which a silver paste is printed on a window glass of a vehicle and baked to form an antenna pattern, or a glass antenna in which a metal thin film is provided on the window glass surface as an antenna element can be used. The antenna used in the present invention may be planar or linear. It is preferable that the pattern is formed so as to easily receive the FM wave.
The antenna patterns may be the same pattern on the inside and outside of the vehicle, or may be different patterns.
A protective layer may be provided on the antenna to improve wear resistance and durability of the antenna. Also, the two antennas may be coupled by a conductive wire.

As the heat ray shielding film, a metal film, a transparent conductive film and a nitride film are formed by a sputtering method, an ion plating method,
It can be obtained by forming by a vacuum film forming method such as a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or an evaporation method, or a wet film forming method such as a sol-gel method. The sputtering method is a method of forming a thin film in which a sputtering gas activated in plasma is made to collide with a target surface, the target material is released by the collision, and the target material is deposited on a substrate. The device used may be any of those normally used, for example, an alternating current type,
A DC type, an AC or DC magnetron type, an ECR type or the like can be used. The internal pressure is 10 ^-4 to 10 ^-1 To
The range of rr is preferable, but about 3 × 10 ⁻³ Torr is particularly preferable. Further, in the case of the AC type, the power source frequency can be widely used from the audio wave to the microwave region. Argon (Ar) as the sputtering gas,
Nitrogen (N ₂ ), nitrous oxide (N ₂ O), helium (H
Although e) and ammonia (NH ₃ ) are preferably used, oxygen (O ₂ ) gas or the like may be added when the oxygen concentration of the oxide film deviates from the stoichiometric ratio. The CVD method is a method in which a material is molecularly evaporated and a film is formed on a substrate by heat or plasma. The device to be used may be any of those usually used, and for example, an AC type, a DC type or the like can be used. The internal pressure is 10 ^-4 ~
A range of 10 ^-1 Torr is preferred. Further, in the case of the AC type, the power source frequency can be widely used from the audio wave to the microwave region. Various gases can be used in the CVD method to react with the material and to dilute the material. Any gas may be used, but Ar, N ₂ , N ₂ O, He, NH ₃ , O ₂ or the like is preferably used. The vapor deposition method is a method in which a material is heated and evaporated in a vacuum to form a film on a substrate. The pressure inside the apparatus is preferably in the range of 10 ⁻⁴ to 10 ⁻¹ Torr. As a method for heating the material, a resistance heating method, an electron beam heating method, a laser method or the like is preferably used. This vacuum film forming method has
It is possible to form a film at a low temperature of not higher than 0 ° C., and even if a film is formed on a glass which has been heat strengthened, it is possible to form a film on the glass without weakening the strengthening degree. It is also possible to form a film before heat strengthening.

The sol-gel method is a thin film formation method in which a solution containing an organometallic compound is applied or a solution in which an organometallic compound is hydrolyzed to form a sol is applied and then baked. The method of forming a thin film by the sol-gel method is, for example, “Glass / ceramics manufacturing technology by sol-gel method and its application” (Applied Technology Publication 19 by Masayuki Yamane).
1989, pp. 108-140, "Technical problems of sol-gel method and countermeasures" (edited by Masayuki Yamane, IPC 1)
990) pp. 189-245. The organometallic compound is preferably a metal alkoxide, a metal complex coordinated with β-diketone or a derivative thereof, a metal complex coordinated with a carboxylate ion or a derivative thereof, and a metalloxane compound. In the present invention, an optional ligand can be added to increase the stability of the organometallic compound or control the hydrolysis rate. The application can be performed by any method. Preferably, a dip method, a flow coating method, a spinner method, or a spray method is used. Calcination should be at a temperature at which organic compounds are removed, preferably 10
0 ° C or higher is preferable. When the film formation method by the sol-gel method is used, the heat-reflecting film may be fired before the heat strengthening or simultaneously with the heat strengthening of the glass.

The heat ray shielding film (that is, the heat ray reflecting film) can be arbitrarily selected from a metal film, a transparent conductive film and a nitride film. They may be used as a single film or may be laminated in multiple layers. The raw materials can be used as a single substance or as a mixture. As the metal film, silver,
ITO as a transparent conductive film or a noble metal film such as gold or platinum
Examples of the nitride film include (a mixed film of indium oxide and antimony oxide), tin oxide, and a ZnO film doped with Al.
TiN, ZrN, HfN and the like are preferably used.

A dielectric film may be formed as a protective layer and / or a light interference layer on the upper layer and / or the lower layer of the heat ray shielding film. The dielectric film may be selected arbitrarily, but is preferably SiO ₂ , ZrO ₂ , Ta ₂ O ₅ , CeO ₂ , Zn.
Selected from O and the like. They can be used as a single substance or as a mixture. Dielectric film is sputtering method, ion plating method, CV
It can be obtained by forming by a vacuum film forming method such as D method or a wet film forming method such as sol-gel method. These dielectric films may be doped with any other metal. Preferably IIIa, IVa, Va, VIa, VIIa and VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements
Selected from the tribe. The doping method is a method generally used in each film forming method. For example, in the sputtering method, a metal element to be doped is placed in a chip shape on the target surface to form a dielectric film, or a target mixed with a metal element to be doped is used to form a dielectric film. Achievable. Either method is preferable. In the sol-gel method, the metal compound to be doped may be added to the liquid containing the metal compound forming the dielectric.

As the glass to be mounted on the vehicle, laminated glass and single plate glass are used. Single-glazing requires tempered glass to ensure the safety of passengers, and depending on the shape of the vehicle, the window needs to have a curved shape. For that purpose, the glass plate is strengthened by being heated and bent at least at 500 ° C. or higher, or by being quenched after being heated.
This step may be performed after forming the antenna, the heat ray reflective film and the dielectric film on the glass, or before forming these films, and after forming any of the films. You may implement. The heating time may be 1 to 60 minutes.

[0016]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
In particular, in a glass provided with a heat ray-shielding film to be mounted as a window glass, the inside antenna and the outside antenna are formed on the glass so as to face each other.
It is possible to transmit and receive radio waves having a high frequency of M waves or higher.

[0017]

The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Comparative Example An antenna wire was prepared by applying a silver paste in the shape of an antenna pattern on a part of the rear glass and baking it. A masking film was attached on the antenna pattern. Then, a heat ray reflective film was formed on the glass by the following procedure. The glass plate on which the antenna wire was formed was set in a sputtering apparatus equipped with Ti and Ag targets, and was evacuated to a vacuum, and the evacuation was continued until the degree of vacuum was in the order of 10 ⁻⁶ Torr. Ar + O ₂ (Ar: O ₂ = 20:
80) After introducing gas and adjusting the degree of vacuum to 8 × 10 ⁻³ Torr, 200 W electric power was applied to generate plasma, a Ti shutter was opened, and a film was formed for 30 minutes. 0.5 μm thick T
An iO ₂ film was obtained. Then, the introduced gas was switched to Ar only and the degree of vacuum was set to 8 × 10 ⁻³ Torr, 200 W of electric power was supplied to generate plasma, and the Ag shutter was opened to form a film for 5 minutes. An Ag film with a thickness of 0.1 μm was obtained. Further, a TiO ₂ film having a thickness of 0.5 μm was formed in the same manner as above. The masking film was removed. An antenna pattern and a heat ray reflective film were formed on the rear glass.
The antenna pattern and heat ray reflection film do not overlap each other. Then, similar heat ray reflective films were formed on the side and front windows. This glass was mounted on a car. FM and AM radio waves did not penetrate into this car. Also, it was not possible to receive or send a mobile phone.

Example 1 In the rear glass of the comparative example, an antenna pattern was formed on the other glass surface of the glass surface on which the antenna pattern was formed. This antenna pattern faced the already formed antenna pattern to form the same pattern. Except for this, an automobile window glass was prepared and mounted on an automobile in the same manner as in the comparative example. FM and AM radio waves were transmitted through this car. Also, I was able to receive and send mobile phones.

Example 2 An automobile window glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat ray reflective film was formed as follows. An antenna pattern is formed, and the rear glass with a masking film attached on the antenna pattern is ZnO.
And a sputtering apparatus equipped with a Ti target and evacuated to a vacuum, and evacuated to a degree of vacuum of 10 ⁻⁶ Torr. The degree of vacuum is 8 by introducing Ar gas.
The flow rate was adjusted to be × 10 ^-3 Torr. 200
W power was applied to generate plasma, and a ZnO-side shutter was opened to prepare ZnO, and a film was formed for 1 hour.
A ZnO film having a thickness of 1 μm was obtained. The shutter on the ZnO side was closed, the power was turned off, and Ar gas was stopped. Then Ar +
N ₂ (Ar: N ₂ = 20: 80) gas was introduced, and 200
W power was applied to generate plasma, the shutter on the Ti side was opened, and the film was formed for 30 minutes. A TiN film having a thickness of 0.2 μm was obtained. The antenna pattern and the TiN heat ray reflective film are formed separately. The heat ray reflective film was formed inside the vehicle.
This window glass was attached to an automobile. F in this car
M and AM radio waves were transmitted. Also, I was able to receive and send mobile phones.

Example 3 A window glass for an automobile was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the antenna patterns formed on both sides of the rear glass in Example 1 had different pattern shapes. I put it on. FM in this car,
AM radio waves were transmitted. Also, I was able to receive and send mobile phones.

Example 4 An automobile window glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat ray reflective film was produced in the following procedure.
Antenna pattern is formed, a rear window that stuck the masking film on the antenna pattern was set in a sputtering device equipped with ITO target was evacuated to a vacuum degree of vacuum was continued evacuated to enter the 10 ^-6 Torr stand. The degree of vacuum is 5 × 10 ⁻³ Tor by introducing Ar gas.
The flow rate was adjusted to be r. A 500 W electric power was applied to generate plasma, and a shutter on the ITO side was opened to prepare ZnO, and a film was formed for 1.2 hours. 1.3 μm
A thick ITO film was obtained. The shutter on the ITO side was closed, the power was turned off, and Ar gas was stopped. A heat ray reflective film made of ITO was obtained. As for heat ray reflection, FM and AM radio waves were transmitted through the inside of the car formed inside the car. Also, I was able to receive and send mobile phones.

[0022]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle glass, particularly a window glass, which is capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves having a high frequency of FM waves or more in a glass provided with a heat ray shielding film which is mounted on a vehicle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example window glass of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 glass substrate 2 car inside antenna 3 car outside antenna 4 heat ray shielding film 5 vehicle glass

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A glass to be mounted on a vehicle, in which a heat ray shielding film for sunlight is formed on a surface of a transparent glass substrate, wherein an inner antenna and an outer antenna are formed to face each other on the glass. Glass for vehicles characterized by. 2. The glass for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein a dielectric film is formed on an upper layer and / or a lower layer of the heat ray shielding film.