JPH06246256A - Method for providing overhaul and classification data and overhaul-classification method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To conduct efficiently operations of overhaul and recovery of classified materials on the basis of data by storing in a data bank data on materials and mounting positions by products or parts and operation data on procedures and methods for overhaul and classification and retrieving and outputting required data using product classification information. CONSTITUTION:A data base 2 of an overhaul-classification controller 1 stores data by the models of motorcycles on kinds and amounts of materials, mounting positions of parts by materials, procedures and methods for overhaul, procedures and methods for disassembly, forms of members, etc. On the other hand, data on body numbers, engine numbers, part numbers and data for identifying other products are written in an ID card 11 by bar codes etc. When a motorcycle to be overhauled is set on an overhaul-classification operation apparatus 10, and a bar code reader reads the bar code of the ID card 11, a retrieval means 3 retrieves the data base 2 and extracts the material and operation data for required products to send them to a data processing means 4, so that practical control signals are output to the overhaul-classification operation apparatus 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a disassembling / separating information providing method and an automatic disassembling / separating apparatus for disassembling industrial products and recovering them by material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, some products have been shredded in a shredder, separated by gravity separation into metal and other substances, the metal is recycled, and the other substances are used as landfill for landfilling. is there.

However, in general, household appliances, motorcycles, and other industrial products contain various resins, metals, and liquids, so when dismantling, they are manually decomposed into metal and resin, and special treatment is performed. A method is adopted in which each material is collected by an apparatus (for example, see JP-A-61-38641).

[0004]

[Problems to be solved] At the stage of such conventional dismantling and sorting work, there are some things such as indistinguishable materials or ones whose internal condition cannot be understood, so that the efficiency of disassembling work and the efficiency of separate collection are reduced. I was invited. Also, it is difficult to distinguish plastics that can be reused,
After all, it is treated as garbage and the effective use of resources cannot be achieved. Further, the inability to obtain accurate dismantling separation information has hindered automation of dismantling separation work.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily obtaining information for disassembling and separating and a disassembling and separating method.

[0006]

To achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention is to provide data such as information on materials and attachment sites for each product or part and work information on a procedure / method for disassembling and separating. The disassembling classification information providing method is such that the product identification information for accumulating in the bank and for identifying the product is input, and the required information is retrieved and output from the data bank based on the input identification information.

When the product identification information of the product to be dismantled is entered, information such as material / attachment site for each product and required information such as disassembly / separation procedure / method work information are input from the data bank based on the information. Since it is searched and output,
Based on the required information, dismantling and sorting work can be efficiently performed, and fine sorting and collection for each material is possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the parts are disconnected from each other based on the required information in the data bank, and the disassembled parts can be extracted and automatically recovered. The third invention is
Grinding based on the required information in the data bank
It is possible to improve the recovery rate of the resin by sequentially carrying out the storage, reduce the volume, and improve the space efficiency.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 will be described below. This embodiment is an example applied to an automatic disassembly / sorting device for a motorcycle, and FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a control system thereof.

A working device 10 for disassembling and separating a motorcycle is
Controlled by the dismantling / separating controller 1, the dismantling / separating controller 1 is provided with a data bank 2 in which product information is accumulated, and the information processing means processes the information extracted and searched by the search means 3 to generate a control signal. Output to the dismantling / sorting work device 10.

The identification information of the motorcycle to be disassembled is written in the ID card 11 as a bar code, and the bar code reader 5 for reading the bar code of the ID card 11 is provided in the disassembly and classification controller 1. .

Image information from a camera 12 showing the state of the motorcycle is input to the disassembly / sorting controller 1, and image analysis means 6 for analyzing the image is provided.
The analysis result is sent to the information processing means 4 and used for correction of work. Under the system configuration as described above, the disassembly / sorting work device 10 is controlled.

In the database 2, data such as the type and amount of material, the attachment site of parts by material, the disassembling procedure and method, the disassembling procedure and method, and the member shape are stored for each type of motorcycle. The side creates recycling data for each model / part and inputs the data into the database 2 based on this recycling data.

The materials are roughly classified into metals, rubbers, and resins. The metals are subdivided into iron-based, aluminum, copper, lead, and others, and the resins are also PP-based, PE-based, AES-based, It is classified into ABS system and others and the data such as the attachment site, disassembly procedure and method, etc. are entered for each.

On the other hand, the ID card 11 has information such as a vehicle body number, an engine number, a part number, and other products that can be used to identify the product written therein in the form of a bar code or the like.

Therefore, the motorcycle to be disassembled is set on the disassembly / sorting work device 10, and the ID card for the motorcycle is set.
When the bar code 11 is read by the bar code reader 5, the searching means 3 searches the database 2 based on the read product identification information to extract necessary material data and work data of the product, and the information It is transmitted to the processing means 4.

The information processing means 4 outputs a specific control signal to the dismantling and sorting work device 10 based on the material data and the work data to control the disassembling and sorting work.

The motorcycle used for dismantling does not always maintain the state of the new vehicle at all, and there are some parts that are different from those at the time of shipment due to deformation and attachment parts,
A camera 12 is provided to check these, and the image information captured by the camera 12 is analyzed by the image analysis means 6 and output to the information processing means 4.

The processing routine of the information processing means 4 will be described below with reference to FIG. First, the information retrieved by the retrieval means is fetched (step 1). As described above, the search information includes material data such as the type of material and attachment site, and work data such as disassembly procedure / method.

Then, the image analysis information analyzed by the image analysis means 6 is read (step 2), and the search information is collated with the image analysis information (step 3).

The retrieval information is information according to the standard, for example, the fact that a predetermined member is at a predetermined attachment site is shown together with the three-dimensional position information, whereas the image analysis information is obtained by the camera 12. This is actual information obtained by analyzing image information, for example, information obtained by three-dimensionally analyzing the position of a certain member.

The three-dimensional position is determined by numerical data for each member based on two predetermined parts of the product (for example, a rear fork pivot in the case of a motorcycle). .

Next, in step 4, it is judged whether or not the condition of the member maintains the standard condition based on the maintenance ratio of 60%. If it is 60% or more, the process jumps to step 7 and the original search information is searched. Drive control of the dismantling / sorting operation device 10 is performed. Step 4
If the state maintenance rate falls below 60%, the process proceeds to step 5 to correct the search information, and drive control of the disassembly / sorting work device 10 is performed under the corrected information (step 6).

An external view of the dismantling / sorting operation device 10 is shown in FIG. The disassembly / sorting controller 1 is installed adjacent to the disassembly / sorting operation device 10, and a camera 12 is also arranged. Two motorcycles 20 to be disassembled are vertically supported on a horizontally long carrier 21 in a column.

Five robot arms 22 are arranged on both sides along the carrier table 21, and one of the two robot arms 22 on one side is provided with a drill 23 at the tip thereof. Is equipped with a disc grinder 24.

The three robot arms 22 on the other side of the carrier table 21 are provided with a milling cutter 25 at one of the tips thereof, and the other two robot hands 26 capable of gripping parts at the tips thereof. And a sorting box 27 is arranged behind these robot arms 22. Sorting box
27 is divided according to the material of the parts to be input.

Now, when the motorcycle 20 is placed on the carrier 21 and is conveyed and stopped at the predetermined position shown in FIG. 2, the identification information of the motorcycle 20 is read from the ID card 11 and the material data of the motorcycle 20 is read. The search means 3 searches the work data from the database 2, and based on the search information,
If necessary, the information processing means 4 first outputs the control signal to the required robot arm 22 according to the disassembly procedure from the work data based on the correction information as described above, and the robot arm 22 of the robot arm 22 is based on the output signal. Drive to start dismantling.

A bolt or the like connecting the parts to each other can be removed by cutting the head of the bolt with a milling cutter 25. Next, if necessary, individual equipment is disassembled, and the parts that can be removed during this disassembly / disassembly process are removed by the robot hand 26 and placed in the sorting box 27 according to the material of the parts. .

As described above, in the dismantling / separating apparatus of this embodiment, if the product identification information of the ID card 11 is input to the dismantling / separating controller 1, all the dismantling and sorting are automatically performed. Significantly reduced and no manual work in poor environment.

Further, the materials of the parts can be finely separated, and the resin materials can be PP, PE, AES, AB.
Since the S-systems can be separately separated and collected, it is possible to easily perform the regeneration and improve the recycling efficiency.

As a modification of the dismantling / sorting work apparatus 10, as shown in FIG. 4, a motorcycle 30 is mounted on and supported by a turntable 31, and a milling cutter 33 and a robot hand are provided around the turntable 31 at the tip thereof. A robot arm 32 with 34 is arranged.

Motorcycle by turning the turntable 31
The posture of the robot arm 30 with respect to the robot arm 32 can be changed, and the dismantling and sorting work can be efficiently performed while performing forward and reverse rotations appropriately.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, a support frame 41 surrounding the motorcycle 40 in a gate shape is provided, and the working machine 42 is movably attached to the left and right vertical frames of the support frame 41 and the horizontal frame of the ceiling. ing.

For example, the working machine 42 attached to the vertical frame is provided with a milling cutter 43, a robot hand 44, etc. at its tip, and the working machine 42 itself can be vertically moved up and down. Further, the work machine 42 attached to the horizontal frame is also provided with a robot hand 45 or the like at the lower end, and the work machine 42 itself can move left and right and can move up and down.

The support base 46 of the motorcycle 42 can be appropriately moved back and forth, and after the work at a predetermined front and rear position, it is moved to either the front or back to perform the next work.

Since the robot hand 45 exists above,
The member can be removed upwards, which is convenient depending on the type of product.

In the above embodiments, the product identification information is attached as a bar code to the ID card 11 and read by the bar code reader. However, it may be read by a magnetic reader using a magnetic card. Alternatively, the mark or the like may be optically read.

Further, the start key or the like of the motorcycle may be stamped and read. There is also a method in which barcodes and the like are entered in the vehicle verification without having to create them as a separate card.

It goes without saying that the present description can be applied not only to the disassembly and classification of the finished product but also to the disassembly and classification of individual equipment parts after the disassembly as one product.

Therefore, it is conceivable to attach a part number or other information for identifying the product, such as a bar code sticker, to a suitable place where each part is difficult to peel off.
It is also possible to identify by marking such as a part number.

The present invention can be applied not only to vehicles but also to most industrial products. Further, in the above embodiments, an example in which the automatic dismantling work machine 10 is controlled has been shown, but the information processing means of the dismantling / sorting controller 1 may be used as the image processing means to display the required information on the monitor television, and it is always possible. It is also possible to manually disassemble and sort while looking at the information, which is useful when a large-scale automatic disassembly work machine 10 cannot be installed.

Next, another embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described. This embodiment relates to a resin material separating and collecting apparatus of factory equipment, and the respective steps of the work in the apparatus are summarized as shown in FIG.

First, the type of resin of the resin component 51 is identified in the identification step 52 based on the information in the database 50. That is, in this embodiment, the resin component 51 is made of ABS, AES, P
It is classified into 5 types, P type, PE type and others.

Then, the resin part 51 is roughly crushed in a crushing step 53 and cut into suitable small pieces. At this time, if iron-based metal pieces or the like are contained, these are removed. Next, in the selective carrying step 54, the five kinds of resin parts 1 identified in the identifying step 52 are selectively carried to a dedicated crusher for each kind.

Then, the particles are finely crushed in the crushing step 55 by each crusher, and a series of separate collection operations are completed in the storing step 56 in the dedicated storage tanks. The crushing process 55
Fine iron-based metal is removed by the time it is stored later.

FIG. 7 shows a sketch of a resin material separating / collecting apparatus having the above-mentioned steps.

First, a detection device 61 for detecting the type of resin corresponding to the identification process 52 and a crushing device 62 corresponding to the crushing process 53 are provided side by side, and a belt conveyor 63 extends rearward from the crushing device 62. The five crushers 64 corresponding to the crushing step 55 are arranged along the belt conveyor 63. Corresponding to each crusher 64, a storage tank 66 corresponding to the storing step 56 is arranged with a magnet 65 interposed.

Further, in the middle of the belt conveyor 63, five shutters 67 are arranged so as to be openable and closable to form the selective carrying step 4, and each shutter 67 corresponds to five crushers 64, respectively.

In the detection device 61, when the resin component 61 is first loaded, the two belt conveyors 70 and 71 are connected in series, and the projector is moved upward so that infrared light passes through the gap between the two. 72, a light receiver 73 is disposed below.

Belt conveyors that rotate in the same direction as each other
Resin parts on the belt conveyor 70 on the upstream side of 70, 71
When 51 is carried in, it is moved to the belt conveyor 71 on the downstream side by the rotation of the belt conveyor 70, but when the resin component 51 passes between them, the infrared light of the projector 72 is received and the transmitted light is Information on the transmitted light enters the light receiver 73, is input to the analyzer 74, and the absorption spectrum is analyzed by the analyzer 74 to determine the resin component.
The material of 51 is determined.

From the downstream belt conveyor 71, the crushing device
The resin component 51 is transferred to the blade receiving plate 80 of 62. Blade support plate 80
A plurality of guillotine cutters 81 are provided above and below so that the resin parts 51 on the blade receiving plate 80 are lowered and cut.

The resin component 51 divided into a plurality of pieces is an extruded plate.
It is transferred onto the belt conveyor 63 by pushing out 82. Although the resin component 1 is conveyed by the rotation of the belt conveyor 63, there is a part where a predetermined shutter 67 is closed on the way, and the shutter 67 comes into contact with the shutter 67.

Since the shutter 67 is arranged so as to block the traffic of the resin component 51 obliquely with respect to the direction of conveyance by the belt conveyor 63, the contacted resin component 51 moves leftward along the shutter 67. Then, it is put into the opening of the crusher 64 with the opening facing the end of the belt conveyor 63.

The five shutters 67 are closed when the ABS, AES, PP, PE, and other resins are conveyed in order from the upstream side, and the other shutters are open by swinging upward. It is in.

The control of these shutters 67 is performed at a predetermined timing based on the type of resin material judged by the analysis of the analyzer 74 of the detection device 61. For example, the analyzer 74 determines that the resin component carried on the belt conveyor 70 is of AES type, and the AES resin component is crushed by the crushing device 62 and transferred to the belt conveyor 63 and conveyed. At this time, the second shutter 67 from the upstream side is swung downward to close the passage of the same AES resin, and the AES resin component is put into the second crusher 64.

In the crusher 64, the resin component 1 is further finely crushed and discharged into the storage tank 66. In the middle of the crusher 64, there is a magnet 65 above, and metal such as iron is sucked and removed to remove only the resin material. Is put into the storage tank 66.

The five storage tanks 66 are shutters.
Similar to the order of 67, ABS, AES, PP, PE, and other resins are accumulated in order from the upstream side in the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 63. It should be noted that the other storage tanks 66 in the most downstream store the resins other than the above-mentioned four types, the resins whose types cannot be identified, the metals, and the like.

Since each storage tank 66 stores the crushed resin, the volume efficiency is extremely high and the installation space can be reduced. The resin can be automatically sorted and collected by type, and the value of recycling and reuse can be improved.

Next, an example in which the vehicle is equipped with the present resin material separating and collecting apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. In the truck 100 of this embodiment, a sorting / collecting device is installed on the loading platform 102 behind the driver's seat 101, and the means for each process is the same device as that of the above-mentioned embodiment and has the same arrangement relationship.

That is, a detection device 111 and a crushing device 162 are provided side by side at the rear of the loading platform 102, and a belt conveyor 113 extends from the crushing device 112 toward the front driver's seat 111.
Five crushers 114 are arranged along the belt conveyor 113, and a storage tank 116 is arranged corresponding to each crusher 114 with a magnet 115 interposed.

Further, five shutters 117 are arranged in the middle of the belt conveyor 113 so that they can be freely opened and closed.
117 corresponds to 5 crushers 114, respectively. Each device is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment, and the detection device 111 includes a lid member 103.
The two belt conveyors 120 and 121 are connected in series in a row when the resin parts are first loaded when the
A light projector is arranged above and a light receiver is arranged below so that infrared light can pass through the gap between them.

The resin parts are transferred from the belt conveyor 121 on the downstream side to the blade receiving plate 130 of the crushing device 112, and
A plurality of guillotine cutters 131 are provided above the 130 so as to be able to move up and down, and the resin parts on the blade receiving plate 130 are lowered and cut.

The resin parts divided into a plurality of pieces and crushed are transferred onto the belt conveyor 113 by the extrusion of the extrusion plate 82 driven by the hydraulic cylinder 133. The hydraulic cylinder 133 is driven and controlled by the hydraulic unit 134.

When the corresponding shutter 117 is closed based on the type identification signal of the detection device 111 and the resin component is placed on the belt conveyor 113, the shutter 117 is closed.
The resin parts are introduced into the corresponding crusher 114 and crushed, and then the ferrous metal is removed by the magnet 115 and stored in the corresponding storage tank 116.

The storage tank 116 is a container type that can be removed from the vehicle body together with the tank. When the storage tank 116 is full, the storage tank 116 can be removed from the loading platform 102, and an empty tank can be placed on the processing site instead of being placed for the next collection. The loading and unloading time can be shortened.

A level sensor is attached to each storage tank 116, and when it is full, a warning lamp or the like installed in the driver's seat or the throw-in section can notify the replacement time. The storage tank 116 is on the loading platform 102.
Concentrated on one side of the, convenient for loading and unloading.

As described above, the particles are crushed and transported in the vehicle, so that the transportation efficiency is significantly improved. It is possible to collect the resin around the place where it is generated, especially from a dealer who does not have a crusher.

Since the detection device 61 can separate and collect the resins by type, there is no need to separate them in the reclaiming field, and the regenerated material has good physical properties, that is, added value as a reclaimed material, that is, reuse / expansion of applications and expansion of recycled materials. The quality of can be improved.

As the identification means, there is another means for determining the type by detecting the irregularities on the surface of the resin, which may be used in combination with the means for detecting the infrared rays. Further, a bar code indicating the type may be attached to the resin part in advance, and a bar code reader may be provided as the identification means instead of the detection device 111 at the first loading.

If each of the storage tanks 116 is made of the same resin as the type of the storage tank 116, it can be recycled together with the tank.

[0071]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, if the product identification information of the product to be dismantled is input, the information such as the material / attachment site for each product and the disassembly and classification are separated from the data bank based on the information. Since necessary information such as work information of the procedure / method is retrieved and output, it is possible to disassemble based on the necessary information and efficiently perform the separate collection work for each material.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to disconnect the parts from each other based on the required information in the data bank, extract the parts, and automatically disassemble the parts. Therefore, the work efficiency and the recovery rate are improved. Can be achieved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the resin recovery rate can be improved by carrying out the crushing, the transportation and the storage for each material in sequence based on the required information of the data bank, and the volume can be reduced and the space efficiency can be improved. Can be improved.

Since the resin parts are separately collected according to the material,
It does not require separation at the recycling site and has good recycled physical properties, increasing the added value of recycled materials.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a control system of a disassembling and sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing routine of an information processing means of the apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an external view of the same device.

FIG. 4 is an external view of a disassembly / sorting operation device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an external view of a dismantling / sorting work apparatus according to still another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram 1 showing each work step of a resin separating and collecting apparatus of another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the resin separating and collecting apparatus.

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a vehicle equipped with a resin separating and collecting apparatus of still another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the same side.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Disassembly / sorting controller, 2 ... Database, 3 ... Search means, 4 ... Information processing means, 5 ... Bar code reader, 6
... image analysis means, 10 ... dismantling and sorting work device, 11 ... ID card, 12 ... camera, 20 ... motorcycle, 21 ... carrier, 22 ... robot arm, 23 ... drill, 24 ... disk grinder, 25 ... milling cutter, 26 ... robot hand, 27 ...
Sorting box, 30 ... Motorcycle, 31 ... Turntable, 32 ... Robot arm, 33 ... Milling cutter, 34 ... Robot hand, 40 ... Motorcycle, 41 ... Support frame, 42 ... Working machine, 43 ... Milling cutter, 44, 45 ... robot hand,
46 ... Support stand. 50 ... Database, 51 ... Resin parts, 52 ... Identification process, 53 ... Coarse crushing process, 54 ... Selective conveying process, 55 ... Crushing process, 56 ... Storing process, 61 ... Detecting device, 62 ... Coarse crushing device, 63 ...
Belt conveyor, 64 ... Crusher, 65 ... Magnet, 66 ... Storage tank, 67 ... Shutter, 70, 71 ... Belt conveyor, 72 ... Emitter, 73 ... Photoreceiver, 74 ... Analyzer, 80 ... Blade receiving plate, 81 ... Guillotine cutter, 82 ... Extruded plate, 100 ... Truck, 101 ... Driver's seat, 102 ... Loading platform, 103 ... Lid member, 114
… Crusher, 115… Magnet, 116… Storage tank, 117… Shutter, 120, 121… Belt conveyor,
130… Blade support plate, 131… Guillotine cutter, 132… Extrusion plate, 133… Hydraulic cylinder, 134… Hydraulic unit.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A data bank stores information such as material and attachment parts for each product or part and work information on a procedure / method for disassembling and separating, and inputs product identification information for identifying a product, and the input product identification. A dismantling classification information providing method, characterized in that required information is retrieved from the data bank based on the information and output. 2. Disassembling and disassembling the parts based on the dismantling and classification information retrieved from the data bank that has accumulated information on the material and mounting site for each product or part and work information on the procedure and method for disassembly and classification. A dismantling separation method, wherein the disassembled parts are extracted and disassembled based on the disassembly separation information retrieved from the data bank. 3. The material of the resin member is identified by the identifying means with reference to the data bank information, the identified resin member is crushed by the crushing means, and the crushed resin member is the same by the conveying means. A method for disassembling and sorting, characterized in that the materials are selectively transported by material and stored by the same material by the storage means.